@article{gage_jarquin_romay_lorenz_buckler_kaeppler_alkhalifah_bohn_campbell_edwards_et al._2017, title={The effect of artificial selection on phenotypic plasticity in maize}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2041-1723"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01450-2}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-017-01450-2}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Gage, Joseph L. and Jarquin, Diego and Romay, Cinta and Lorenz, Aaron and Buckler, Edward S. and Kaeppler, Shawn and Alkhalifah, Naser and Bohn, Martin and Campbell, Darwin A. and Edwards, Jode and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Nov} }
 @article{chia_song_bradbury_costich_leon_doebley_elshire_gaut_geller_glaubitz_et al._2012, title={Maize HapMap2 identifies extant variation from a genome in flux}, volume={44}, number={7}, journal={Nature Genetics}, author={Chia, J. M. and Song, C. and Bradbury, P. J. and Costich, D. and Leon, N. and Doebley, J. and Elshire, R. J. and Gaut, B. and Geller, L. and Glaubitz, J. C. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={803–238} }
 @misc{glover_reganold_bell_borevitz_brummer_buckler_cox_cox_crews_culman_et al._2010, title={Perennial Questions of Hydrology and Climate Response}, volume={330}, ISSN={["0036-8075"]}, DOI={10.1126/science.330.6000.33-b}, abstractNote={We agree with Georgescu and Lobell that the effects of perennial bioenergy crops on hydrology and climate must be considered. However, our Policy Forum focused on the advantages of developing perennial grain crops ([ 1 ][1]), not bioenergy crops that can displace staple food crops.

We did not}, number={6000}, journal={SCIENCE}, author={Glover, J. D. and Reganold, J. P. and Bell, L. W. and Borevitz, J. and Brummer, E. C. and Buckler, E. S. and Cox, C. M. and Cox, T. S. and Crews, T. E. and Culman, S. W. and et al.}, year={2010}, month={Oct}, pages={33–34} }
 @article{ruiz corral_puga_sanchez gonzalez_parra_gonzalez eguiarte_holland_medina garcia_2008, title={Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of 42 Mexican maize races}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-49149121288&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2007.09.0518}, abstractNote={To better understand the range of adaptation of maize (Zea mays L.) landraces, climatic adaptation intervals of 42 Mexican maize races were determined. A database of 4161 maize accessions was used to characterize altitudinal and climatic conditions where the 42 maize races grow, yielding ecological descriptors for each race. Using the geographical coordinates of the collection sites of each accession, their climatic conditions were characterized using the geographic information system IDRISI and a national environmental information system. Analyses of variance and cluster analyses of the racial ecological descriptors were performed to determine possible environmental groupings of the races. We found a very high level of variation among and within Mexican maize races for climate adaptation and ecological descriptors. The general overall climatic ranges for maize were 0 to 2900 m of altitude, 11.3 to 26.6°C annual mean temperature, 12.0 to 29.1°C growing season mean temperature, 426 to 4245 mm annual rainfall, 400 to 3555 mm growing season rainfall, and 12.46 to 12.98 h mean growing season daylength. These climatic ranges of maize surpass those from its closest relative, teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis Iltis and Doebley), indicating that maize has evolved adaptability beyond the environmental range in which ancestral maize was first domesticated.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Ruiz Corral, Jose Ariel and Puga, Noe Duran and Sanchez Gonzalez, Jose de Jesus and Parra, Jose Ron and Gonzalez Eguiarte, Diego Raymundo and Holland, J. B. and Medina Garcia, Guillermo}, year={2008}, pages={1502–1512} }
 @article{yu_holland_mcmullen_buckler_2008, title={Genetic design and statistical power of nested association mapping in maize}, volume={178}, ISSN={["1943-2631"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40849089396&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1534/genetics.107.074245}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={GENETICS}, author={Yu, Jianming and Holland, James B. and McMullen, Michael D. and Buckler, Edward S.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={539–551} }
 @article{wooten_livingston_holland_marshall_murphy_2008, title={Quantitative trait loci and epistasis for crown freezing tolerance in the 'Kanota' x 'Ogle' hexaploid oat mapping population}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35348818142&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2006.12.0793}, abstractNote={Crown freezing tolerance is the most important factor conferring oat (Avena spp.) winter hardiness. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for crown freezing tolerance in the ‘Kanota’ × ‘Ogle’ recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population and to examine their relationship with other winter hardiness traits. One hundred thirty‐five RILs were evaluated for crown freezing tolerance in a controlled environment. Previously published molecular marker and linkage map information was used for QTL detection. Seven QTL and four complementary epistatic interactions were identified that accounted for 56% of the phenotypic variation. Ogle contributed alleles for increased crown freezing tolerance at three loci, while Kanota contributed alleles for increased crown freezing tolerance at four loci. All loci where Kanota alleles increased crown freezing tolerance showed complementary epistasis for decreased crown freezing tolerance with the QTL near UMN13. Two of the major QTL identified were in the linkage groups (LG) associated with a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 7C and 17, which was previously associated with spring growth habit in oat. The results confirm the importance of the chromosomes involved in the reciprocal 7C‐17 translocation in controlling winter hardiness component traits.}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Wooten, David R. and Livingston, David P., III and Holland, James B. and Marshall, David S. and Murphy, J. Paul}, year={2008}, pages={149–157} }
 @misc{holland_2007, title={Genetic architecture of complex traits in plants}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1369-5266"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33847297054&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.pbi.2007.01.003}, abstractNote={Genetic architecture refers to the numbers and genome locations of genes that affect a trait, the magnitude of their effects, and the relative contributions of additive, dominant, and epistatic gene effects. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping techniques are commonly used to investigate genetic architectures, but the scope of inferences drawn from QTL studies are often restricted by the limitations of the experimental designs. Recent advances in experimental and statistical procedures, including the simultaneous analysis of QTL that segregate in diverse germplasm, should improve genetic architecture studies. High-resolution QTL mapping methods are being developed that may define the specific DNA sequence variants underlying QTL. Studies of genetic architecture, combined with improved knowledge of the structure of plant populations, will impact our understanding of plant evolution and the design of crop improvement strategies.}, number={2}, journal={CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY}, author={Holland, James B.}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={156–161} }
 @article{krakowsky_lee_holland_2007, title={Genotypic correlation and multivariate QTL analyses for cell wall components and resistance to stalk tunneling by the European corn borer in maize}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34247275826&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2006.05.0283}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={2}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Krakowsky, M. D. and Lee, M. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2007}, pages={485–490} }
 @article{burke_holland_burton_york_wilcut_2007, title={Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) pollen expresses ACCase target-site resistance}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1550-2740"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36448953142&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1614/WT-06-061.1}, abstractNote={Three studies were conducted to develop pollen tests for the screening of acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase) target-site resistance in a biotype of johnsongrass. The assays were based on germination of johnsongrass pollen in media supplemented with clethodim. Two different methods were used to evaluate pollen germination—a visual assessment and a spectrophotometric assay. The response of pollen to the germination media was linear for 16 h. At 6 h after treatment, absorbance at 500 nm was nearly 0.5; consequently, 6 h was chosen to conduct the pollen assays using the spectrophotometer. Both assessment methods differentiated the susceptible (S) and resistant (R) biotypes. Pollen from the susceptible biotype of johnsongrass was strongly inhibited by increasing concentrations of clethodim, with a GR50 of 25.8 ± 0.6 (SE) µM and GR50 of 16.4 ± 1.7 (SE) µM clethodim by visual assessment and spectrophotometric assessment, respectively. Minimum R/S values were > 3.9 by visual assessment and > 6.1 by spectrophotometric assessment. ACCase target-site resistance is expressed in johnsongrass pollen. Nomenclature: johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. SORHA.}, number={2}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Burke, Ian C. and Holland, James B. and Burton, James D. and York, Alan C. and Wilcut, John W.}, year={2007}, pages={384–388} }
 @article{gonzalo_vyn_holland_mcintyre_2007, title={Mapping reciprocal effects and interactions with plant density stress in Zea mays L.}, volume={99}, ISSN={["1365-2540"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34347340535&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1038/sj.hdy.6800955}, abstractNote={Reciprocal effects are due to genetic effects of the parents (i.e. maternal and paternal effects), cytoplasmic effects and parent-of-origin effects. However, in Zea mays L. the extent to which reciprocal effects exist, or can be attributed to specific underlying components, remains an area of interest and study. Reciprocal effects have been reported by several investigators for various agronomic characters in different types of maize materials for grain and silage usage. Maize geneticists and breeders have recognized reciprocal effects as one source of genetic variability, but the lack of consistency in the observation of these effects, particularly due to stress conditions, has prevented a systematic exploitation of these effects in practical breeding programs. There is mounting molecular evidence for underlying mechanisms in maize, which could be responsible for both the existence, and the instability of reciprocal effects. In this study, we developed population of reciprocal backcrosses based on an initial set of recombinant inbred lines. This population was used for dissecting reciprocal effects into the underlying components (maternal, cytoplasmic and parent-of-origin) effects. We also developed statistical framework to identify and map contributions of specific nuclear chromosomal regions to reciprocal effects. We showed that differences in maternal parents, endosperm DNA and maternally transmitted factors collectively influence reciprocal effects early during the season, and that their influence diluted at later stages. We also found evidence that parent-of-origin effects in the sporophyte DNA existed at all stages and played an important role in establishing differences between reciprocal backcrosses at later developmental stages.}, number={1}, journal={HEREDITY}, author={Gonzalo, M. and Vyn, T. J. and Holland, J. B. and McIntyre, L. M.}, year={2007}, month={Jul}, pages={14–30} }
 @article{jines_balint-kurti_robertson-hoyt_molnar_holland_goodman_2007, title={Mapping resistance to Southern rust in a tropical by temperate maize recombinant inbred topcross population}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846813838&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-006-0466-0}, abstractNote={Southern rust, caused by Puccinia polysora Underw, is a foliar disease that can severely reduce grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Major resistance genes exist, but their effectiveness can be limited in areas where P. polysora is multi-racial. General resistance could be achieved by combining quantitative and race-specific resistances. This would be desirable if the resistance alleles maintained resistance across environments while not increasing plant maturity. Recombinant inbred (RI) lines were derived from a cross between NC300, a temperate-adapted all-tropical line, and B104, an Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic line. The RI lines were topcrossed to the tester FR615 x FR697. The 143 topcrosses were scored for Southern rust in four environments. Time to flowering was measured in two environments. The RI lines were genotyped at 113 simple sequence repeat markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for both traits. The entry mean heritability estimate for Southern rust resistance was 0.93. A multiple interval mapping model, including four QTL, accounted for 88% of the variation among average disease ratings. A major QTL located on the short arm of chromosome 10, explained 83% of the phenotypic variation, with the NC300 allele carrying the resistance. Significant (P < 0.001), but relatively minor, topcross-by-environment interaction occurred for Southern rust, and resulted from the interaction of the major QTL with the environment. Maturity and Southern rust rating were slightly correlated, but QTL for the two traits did not co-localize. Resistance was simply inherited in this population and the major QTL is likely a dominant resistant gene that is independent of plant maturity.}, number={4}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Jines, M. P. and Balint-Kurti, P. and Robertson-Hoyt, L. A. and Molnar, T. and Holland, J. B. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={659–667} }
 @article{balint-kurti_zwonitzer_wisser_carson_oropeza-rosas_holland_szalma_2007, title={Precise mapping of quantitative trait loci for resistance to southern leaf blight, caused by Cochliobolus heterostrophus race O, and flowering time using advanced intercross maize lines}, volume={176}, ISSN={["1943-2631"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548569322&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1534/genetics.106.067892}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={GENETICS}, author={Balint-Kurti, P. J. and Zwonitzer, J. C. and Wisser, R. J. and Carson, M. L. and Oropeza-Rosas, M. A. and Holland, J. B. and Szalma, S. J.}, year={2007}, month={May}, pages={645–657} }
 @article{szalma_hostert_ledeaux_stuber_holland_2007, title={QTL mapping with near-isogenic lines in maize}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34247847700&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-007-0512-6}, abstractNote={A set of 89 near-isogenic lines (NILs) of maize was created using marker-assisted selection. Nineteen genomic regions, identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism loci and chosen to represent portions of all ten maize chromosomes, were introgressed by backcrossing three generations from donor line Tx303 into the B73 genetic background. NILs were genotyped at an additional 128 simple sequence repeat loci to estimate the size of introgressions and the amount of background introgression. Tx303 introgressions ranged in size from 10 to 150 cM, with an average of 60 cM. Across all NILs, 89% of the Tx303 genome is represented in targeted and background introgressions. The average proportion of background introgression was 2.5% (range 0-15%), significantly lower than the expected value of 9.4% for third backcross generation lines developed without marker-assisted selection. The NILs were grown in replicated field evaluations in two years to map QTLs for flowering time traits. A parallel experiment of testcrosses of each NIL to the unrelated inbred, Mo17, was conducted in the same environments to map QTLs in NIL testcross hybrids. QTLs affecting days to anthesis, days to silking, and anthesis-silk interval were detected in both inbreds and hybrids in both environments. The testing environments differed dramatically for drought stress, and different sets of QTLs were detected across environments. Furthermore, QTLs detected in inbreds were typically different from QTLs detected in hybrids, demonstrating the genetic complexity of flowering time. NILs can serve as a valuable genetic mapping resource for maize breeders and geneticists.}, number={7}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Szalma, S. J. and Hostert, B. M. and LeDeaux, J. R. and Stuber, C. W. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2007}, month={May}, pages={1211–1228} }
 @article{robertson-hoyt_betran_payne_white_isakeit_maragos_molnar_holland_2007, title={Relationships among resistances to Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots and contamination by fumonisin and aflatoxin in maize}, volume={97}, ISSN={["1943-7684"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33847337945&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1094/PHYTO-97-3-0311}, abstractNote={ Fusarium verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and Aspergillus flavus cause ear rots of maize and contaminate the grain with mycotoxins (fumonisin or aflatoxin). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between resistance to Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots and fumonisin and aflatoxin contamination. Based on a previous study of 143 recombinant inbred lines from the cross NC300 × B104, 24 lines with the highest and 24 lines with the lowest mean fumonisin concentration were selected for further evaluation. Paired plots of each line were inoculated with F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum or with A. flavus in replicated trials in 2004 and 2005 in Clayton, NC, and College Station, TX. The low-fumonisin group had significantly lower levels of fumonisin, aflatoxin, and Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots. Across year-location environments, all four traits were significantly correlated; the genotypic correlation (rG) ranged from rG = 0.88 (aflatoxin and Aspergillus ear rot) to rG = 0.99 (Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots). Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified and their effects estimated. Two QTLs affected both toxin concentrations, one QTL affected both ear rots, and one QTL affected Aspergillus and Fusarium rots and fumonisin. These results suggest that at least some of the genes involved in resistance to ear rots and mycotoxin contamination are identical or genetically linked. }, number={3}, journal={PHYTOPATHOLOGY}, author={Robertson-Hoyt, Leilani A. and Betran, Javier and Payne, Gary A. and White, Don G. and Isakeit, Thomas and Maragos, Chris M. and Molnar, Terence L. and Holland, James B.}, year={2007}, month={Mar}, pages={311–317} }
 @article{robertson-hoyt_kleinschmidt_white_payne_maragos_holland_2007, title={Relationships of resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination with agronomic performance of maize}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35348855713&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2006.10.0676}, abstractNote={Resistance to Fusarium ear rot [caused by Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (synonym F. moniliforme Sheldon) (teleomorph: Gibberella moniliformis) and F. proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg (teleomorph: G. intermedia)] and fumonisin contamination is heritable and controlled by at least 11 gene regions in a maize (Zea mays L.) population created by backcrossing the highly resistant donor line, GE440, to the susceptible but commercially successful recurrent parent line, FR1064. The relationship between resistances to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination and agronomic performance has not been reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between disease resistance and agronomic utility in this population by measuring resistances to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination in BC1F1:2 lines, and yield and agronomic performance in topcrosses of these lines. Fumonisin contamination was not correlated with yield, but two fumonisin quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapped to similar positions as yield QTL. Fusarium ear rot had a small positive correlation with topcross yield (r = 0.29), but QTL for the two traits mapped to distinct genomic positions. Similar results for other traits indicate that QTL can contribute in opposite directions to the overall genetic correlations between traits and that some trait correlations arise in the absence of detectable QTL effects on both traits. In general, no strong relationships were observed between disease resistance traits and agronomic traits, thus selection for increased resistance should not unduly affect agronomic performance.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Robertson-Hoyt, Leilani A. and Kleinschmidt, Craig E. and White, Don G. and Payne, Gary A. and Maragos, Chris M. and Holland, James B.}, year={2007}, pages={1770–1778} }
 @article{yu_pressoir_briggs_vroh bi_yamasaki_doebley_mcmullen_gaut_nielsen_holland_et al._2006, title={A unified mixed-model method for association mapping that accounts for multiple levels of relatedness}, volume={38}, ISSN={1061-4036 1546-1718}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1702}, DOI={10.1038/ng1702}, abstractNote={As population structure can result in spurious associations, it has constrained the use of association studies in human and plant genetics. Association mapping, however, holds great promise if true signals of functional association can be separated from the vast number of false signals generated by population structure. We have developed a unified mixed-model approach to account for multiple levels of relatedness simultaneously as detected by random genetic markers. We applied this new approach to two samples: a family-based sample of 14 human families, for quantitative gene expression dissection, and a sample of 277 diverse maize inbred lines with complex familial relationships and population structure, for quantitative trait dissection. Our method demonstrates improved control of both type I and type II error rates over other methods. As this new method crosses the boundary between family-based and structured association samples, it provides a powerful complement to currently available methods for association mapping.}, number={2}, journal={Nature Genetics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Yu, Jianming and Pressoir, Gael and Briggs, William H and Vroh Bi, Irie and Yamasaki, Masanori and Doebley, John F and McMullen, Michael D and Gaut, Brandon S and Nielsen, Dahlia M and Holland, James B and et al.}, year={2006}, pages={203–208} }
 @article{holland_2006, title={Estimating genotypic correlations and their standard errors using multivariate restricted maximum likelihood estimation with SAS Proc MIXED}, volume={46}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33644988886&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.0191}, abstractNote={Plant breeders traditionally have estimated genotypic and phenotypic correlations between traits using the method of moments on the basis of a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Drawbacks of using the method of moments to estimate variance and covariance components include the possibility of obtaining estimates outside of parameter bounds, reduced estimation efficiency, and ignorance of the estimators' distributional properties when data are missing. An alternative approach that does not suffer these problems, but depends on the assumption of normally distributed random effects and large sample sizes, is restricted maximum likelihood (REML). This paper illustrates the use of Proc MIXED of the SAS system to implement REML estimation of genotypic and phenotypic correlations. Additionally, a method to obtain approximate parametric estimates of the sampling variances of the correlation estimates is presented. MANOVA and REML methods were compared with a real data set and with simulated data. The simulation study examined the effects of different correlation parameter values, genotypic and environmental sample sizes, and proportion of missing data on Type I and Type II error rates and on accuracy of confidence intervals. The two methods provided similar results when data were balanced or only 5% of data were missing. However, when 15 or 25% data were missing, the REML method generally performed better, resulting in higher power of detection of correlations and more accurate 95% confidence intervals. Samples of at least 75 genotypes and two environments are recommended to obtain accurate confidence intervals using the proposed method.}, number={2}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Holland, JB}, year={2006}, pages={642–654} }
 @article{tarter_holland_2006, title={Gains from selection during the development of semiexotic inbred lines from Latin American maize accessions}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Tarter, J. A. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2006}, pages={15–23} }
 @article{robertson_kleinschmidt_white_payne_maragos_holland_2006, title={Heritabilities and correlations of fusarium ear rot resistance and fumonisin contamination resistance in two maize populations}, volume={46}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-32344440659&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.0139}, abstractNote={Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (synonym F. moniliforme Sheldon) (teleomorph: Gibberella moniliformis) and F. proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg (teleomorph: G. intermedia) are fungal pathogens of maize (Zea mays L.) that cause ear rot and contaminate grain with fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins that adversely affect animal and human health. The objective of this study was to estimate heritabilities of and genotypic and phenotypic correlations between fumonisin concentration, ear rot, and flowering time in two maize populations. In the (GE440 × FR1064) × FR1064 backcross population, the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between ear rot and fumonisin concentration were 0.96 and 0.40, respectively. Heritability estimated on an entry mean basis was 0.75 for fumonisin concentration and 0.47 for ear rot resistance. In the NC300 × B104 recombinant inbred line population, the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between ear rot and fumonisin concentration were 0.87 and 0.64, respectively. Heritability estimated on an entry mean basis was 0.86 for fumonisin concentration and 0.80 for ear rot resistance. Correlations between fumonisin concentration and silking date were not significant in either population, and correlations between ear rot resistance and silking date were small (less than 0.30) in both populations. Moderate to high heritabilities and strong genetic correlations between ear rot and fumonisin concentration suggest that selection for reduced ear rot should frequently identify lines with reduced fumonisin concentration. Ear rot can be screened visually and so is less costly and less time‐consuming to evaluate than laboratory assays for fumonisin concentration.}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Robertson, LA and Kleinschmidt, CE and White, DG and Payne, GA and Maragos, CM and Holland, JB}, year={2006}, pages={353–361} }
 @article{balint-kurti_krakowsky_jines_robertson_molnar_goodman_holland_2006, title={Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to southern leaf blight and days to anthesis in a maize recombinant inbred line population}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1943-7684"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33749262148&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1094/PHYTO-96-1067}, abstractNote={ A recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between the maize lines NC300 (resistant) and B104 (susceptible) was evaluated for resistance to southern leaf blight (SLB) disease caused by Cochliobolus heterostrophus race O and for days to anthesis in four environments (Clayton, NC, and Tifton, GA, in both 2004 and 2005). Entry mean and average genetic correlations between disease ratings in different environments were high (0.78 to 0.89 and 0.9, respectively) and the overall entry mean heritability for SLB resistance was 0.89. When weighted mean disease ratings were fitted to a model using multiple interval mapping, seven potential quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified, the two strongest being on chromosomes 3 (bin 3.04) and 9 (bin 9.03–9.04). These QTL explained a combined 80% of the phenotypic variation for SLB resistance. Some time-point-specific SLB resistance QTL were also identified. There was no significant correlation between disease resistance and days to anthesis. Six putative QTL for time to anthesis were identified, none of which coincided with any SLB resistance QTL. }, number={10}, journal={PHYTOPATHOLOGY}, author={Balint-Kurti, P. J. and Krakowsky, M. D. and Jines, M. P. and Robertson, L. A. and Molnar, T. L. and Goodman, M. M. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2006}, month={Oct}, pages={1067–1071} }
 @article{holland_bretting_bubeck_cardinal_holley_uhr_2006, title={Major M. Goodman - A laudation}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Holland, J. B. and Bretting, P. K. and Bubeck, D. M. and Cardinal, A. J. and Holley, R. N. and Uhr, D. V.}, year={2006}, pages={3–13} }
 @article{gonzalo_vyn_holland_mcintyre_2006, title={Mapping density response in maize: A direct approach for testing genotype and treatment interactions}, volume={173}, ISSN={["1943-2631"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33744488041&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1534/genetics.105.045757}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={GENETICS}, author={Gonzalo, Martin and Vyn, Tony J. and Holland, James B. and McIntyre, Lauren M.}, year={2006}, month={May}, pages={331–348} }
 @article{zhao_canaran_jurkuta_fulton_glaubitz_buckler_doebley_gaut_goodman_holland_et al._2006, title={Panzea: a database and resource for molecular and functional diversity in the maize genome}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1362-4962"]}, DOI={10.1093/nar/gkj011}, abstractNote={Serving as a community resource, Panzea () is the bioinformatics arm of the Molecular and Functional Diversity in the Maize Genome project. Maize, a classical model for genetic studies, is an important crop species and also the most diverse crop species known. On average, two randomly chosen maize lines have one single-nucleotide polymorphism every ∼100 bp; this divergence is roughly equivalent to the differences between humans and chimpanzees. This exceptional genotypic diversity underlies the phenotypic diversity maize needs to be cultivated in a wide range of environments. The Molecular and Functional Diversity in the Maize Genome project aims to understand how selection has shaped molecular diversity in maize and then relate molecular diversity to functional phenotypic variation. The project will screen 4000 loci for the signature of selection and create a wide range of maize and maize–teosinte mapping populations. These populations will be genotyped and phenotyped, permitting high-power and high-resolution dissection of the traits and relating the molecular diversity to functional variation. Panzea provides access to the genotype, phenotype and polymorphism data produced by the project through user-friendly web-based database searches and data retrieval/visualization tools, as well as a wide variety of information and services related to maize diversity.}, journal={NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH}, author={Zhao, Wei and Canaran, Payan and Jurkuta, Rebecca and Fulton, Theresa and Glaubitz, Jeffrey and Buckler, Edward and Doebley, John and Gaut, Brandon and Goodman, Major and Holland, Jim and et al.}, year={2006}, month={Jan}, pages={D752–D757} }
 @article{robertson-hoyt_jines_balint-kurti_kleinschmidt_white_payne_maragos_molnar_holland_2006, title={QTL mapping for fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination resistance in two maize populations}, volume={46}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci205.12-0450}, number={4}, journal={Crop Science}, author={Robertson-Hoyt, L. A. and Jines, M. P. and Balint-Kurti, Peter and Kleinschmidt, C. E. and White, D. G. and Payne, G. A. and Maragos, C. M. and Molnar, T. L. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2006}, pages={1734–1743} }
 @article{balint-kurti_blanco_millard_duvick_holland_clements_holley_carson_goodman_2006, title={Registration of 20 GEM maize breeding germplasm lines adapted to the southern USA}, volume={46}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.04-0013}, abstractNote={Twenty maize breeding germplasm lines were developed cooperatively by the USDA GEM (Germplasm Enhancement of Maize) project (Reg. no. GP-407 to GP-426, PI 639037 to PI 639056). These lines were developed by selfing and selecting variable F1s from variable source × US inbred crosses in North Carolina under standard nursery conditions, followed by a second selfing-selection season in Homestead, Florida, and a third selfing-selection season in a selection nursery in Raleigh (F2S2). The germplasm lines were selected on the basis of resistance to Fusarium ear rot (Gibberella moniliformis and Fusarium proliferatum) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola), resistance to lodging, early flowering, synchrony of silk and pollen production, and reduced plant and ear height. In trials conducted in 2001 and 2002, the germplasm lines recorded grain yields ranging from 11197 to 13596 kg/ha (compared with 11009 kg/ha for the control) and grain moisture content ranging from 185 to 212 g/kg (compared with 190 g/kg for the control).}, number={2}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Balint-Kurti, PJ and Blanco, M and Millard, M and Duvick, S and Holland, J and Clements, M and Holley, R and Carson, ML and Goodman, MM}, year={2006}, pages={996–998} }
 @article{long_holland_munkvold_jannink_2006, title={Responses to selection for partial resistance to crown rust in oat}, volume={46}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33646438072&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.06-0169}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={3}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Long, J and Holland, JB and Munkvold, GP and Jannink, JL}, year={2006}, pages={1260–1265} }
 @article{tarter_goodman_holland_2004, title={Recovery of exotic alleles in semiexotic maize inbreds derived from crosses between Latin American accessions and a temperate line}, volume={109}, ISSN={["0040-5752"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-004-1660-6}, abstractNote={Genetic diversity of elite maize germplasm in the United States is narrow relative to the species worldwide. Tropical maize represents the most diverse source of germplasm. To incorporate germplasm from tropical maize landraces into the temperate gene pool, 23 Latin American maize accessions were crossed to temperate inbred line Mo44. During inbred line development, selection was practiced in temperate environments, potentially resulting in the loss of substantial proportions of tropical alleles. Genotyping 161 semiexotic inbreds at 51 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci permitted the classification of their alleles as either Mo44 or tropical and allowed estimation of the proportion of detectable tropical alleles retained in these lines. On average, the percentage of detectable tropical alleles ranged among lines from 15% to 56%, with a mean of 31%. These are conservative, lower-bound estimates of the proportion of tropical germplasm within lines, because it is not known how frequently Mo44 and the tropical maize accession parental populations shared SSR alleles. These results suggest that substantial proportions of exotic germplasm were recovered in the semiexotic lines, despite their selection in temperate environments. The percent of tropical germplasm in semiexotic lines was not correlated to grain yield or moisture of lines testcrossed to a Corn Belt Dent tester, indicating that the incorporation of a substantial percentage of tropical germplasm in an inbred line does not necessarily negatively impact its combining ability. Thus, tropical maize accessions represent a good source of exotic germplasm to broaden the genetic base of temperate maize without hindering agronomic performance.}, number={3}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Tarter, JA and Goodman, MM and Holland, JB}, year={2004}, month={Aug}, pages={609–617} }
 @article{holland_goodman_2003, title={Combining ability of a tropical-derived maize population with isogenic BT and conventional testers}, volume={48}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Holland, J. B. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2003}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{holland_nyquist_cervantes-martinez_2003, title={Estimating and interpreting heritability for plant breeding: An update}, volume={22}, ISBN={0730-2207}, journal={Plant Breeding Reviews}, author={Holland, J. B. and Nyquist, W. E. and Cervantes-Martinez, C. T.}, year={2003}, pages={9} }
 @article{helland_holland_2003, title={Genome-wide genetic diversity among components does not cause cultivar blend responses}, volume={43}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2003.1618}, abstractNote={Genetically diverse plant populations may be better able to exploit ecological resources and reduce interplant competition than genetically homogeneous populations. Cultivar blends can have greater productivity and yield stability than pure lines; however blend effects are not consistent. The varying levels of genetic diversity represented in blends may confound the interpretations and comparisons of the results of different blend studies. We tested the hypothesis that genetic diversity of blend components is related to blend performance by evaluating blends of a set of five early‐maturing and a set of 10 midseason‐maturing oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars in two separate experiments at eight Iowa environments. Within each experiment, pure lines and all possible two‐way blends were evaluated for grain yield and test weight means and stability and adaptability parameters. The genetic diversity of each blend was estimated by pedigree diversity [1 − coefficient of parentage (COP)], amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)‐derived genetic distances (1 − Dice coefficient), and phenotypic diversity (based on height and heading date differences). Blend response was limited in these experiments and was not correlated with any diversity measure, and blend stability parameters were not consistently related to diversity measures across experiments. We also investigated the relationship between pedigree diversity and blend performance in other crops by computing the coefficients of parentage of cultivar pairs used in previous blend studies in maize, soybean, and wheat. Pedigree diversity was correlated with higher blend response only in two of 10 experiment–environment combinations tested. Genome‐wide genetic diversity alone does not cause positive crop blend responses.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Helland, SJ and Holland, JB}, year={2003}, pages={1618–1627} }
 @article{tarter_goodman_holland_2003, title={Testcross performance of semiexotic inbred lines derived from Latin American maize accessions}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2003.2272}, abstractNote={Tropical maize (Zea mays L.) represents the most diverse readily available source of germplasm to broaden the limited genetic base of temperate maize in the USA. One objective of this study was to determine if exotic‐derived alleles contributing to enhanced testcross agronomic performance were maintained in semiexotic lines created by inbreeding and pedigree selection. A second objective was to determine if first‐generation semiexotic lines could produce hybrids with agronomic performance comparable to commercial U.S. hybrids. One hundred sixty‐four semiexotic inbred lines were developed from crosses between temperate‐adapted inbred line Mo44 and 23 Latin American maize accessions. Mo44 and each semiexotic line were testcrossed to temperate hybrid LH132 × LH51 for evaluations. In first‐stage replicated yield trials, testcrosses of 18 semiexotic lines, representing six different races, had significantly greater grain yields than the Mo44 testcross. Advanced yield evaluations were performed on check entries and 33 selected semiexotic line testcrosses in three additional environments. Across 10 environments, 12 semiexotic line testcrosses exhibited significantly greater grain yield than the Mo44 testcross, indicating recovery of favorable exotic alleles. Semiexotic testcrosses were not competitive with commercial hybrids for grain yield but were similar to or better than commercial hybrids for grain moisture and lodging resistance. Many superior accessions represent relatively recent introductions into regions from which they were collected. Tropical landraces seem to be a good source of exotic germplasm that can be used to broaden the genetic base of modern U.S. maize production and improve productivity.}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Tarter, JA and Goodman, MM and Holland, JB}, year={2003}, pages={2272–2278} }
 @misc{cox_bender_picone_van tassel_holland_brummer_zoeller_paterson_jackson_2002, title={Breeding perennial grain crops}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1549-7836"]}, DOI={10.1080/0735-260291044188}, abstractNote={Referee: Ms. Peggy Wagoner, Rodale Institute, 611 Siegfriedale Road, Kutztown, PA 19530-9749 One-third of the planet's arable land has been lost to soil erosion in recent decades, and the pace of this degradation will increase as the limits of our food production capacity are stretched. The persistent problem of worldwide soil erosion has rekindled interest in perennial grain crops. All of our current grain crops are annuals; therefore, developing an array of new perennial grains - grasses, legumes, and others – will require a long-term commitment. Fortunately, many perennial species can be hybridized with related annual crops, allowing us to incorporate genes of domestication much more quickly than did our ancestors who first selected the genes. Some grain crops — including rye, rice, and sorghum — can be hybridized with close perennial relatives to establish new gene pools. Others, such as wheat, oat, maize, soybean, and sunflower, must be hybridized with more distantly related perennial species and genera. Finally, some perennial species with relatively high grain yields — intermediate wheatgrass, wildrye, lymegrass, eastern gamagrass, Indian ricegrass, Illinois bundleflower, Maximilian sunflower, and probably others — are candidates for direct domestication without interspecific hybridization. To ensure diversity in the field and foster further genetic improvement, breeders will need to develop deep gene pools for each crop. Discussions of breeding strategies for perennial grains have concentrated on allocation of photosyn-thetic resources between seeds and vegetative structures. However, perennials will likely be grown in more diverse agro-ecosystems and require arrays of traits very different from those usually addressed by breeders of annuals. The only way to address concerns about the feasibility of perennial grains is to carry out breeding programs with adequate resources on a sufficient time scale. A massive program for breeding perennial grains could be funded by diversion of a relatively small fraction of the world's agricultural research budget.}, number={2}, journal={CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES}, author={Cox, TS and Bender, M and Picone, C and Van Tassel, DL and Holland, JB and Brummer, EC and Zoeller, BE and Paterson, AH and Jackson, W}, year={2002}, pages={59–91} }
 @article{cervantes-martinez_frey_white_wesenberg_holland_2002, title={Correlated responses to selection for greater beta-glucan content in two oat populations}, volume={42}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2002.0730}, number={3}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Cervantes-Martinez, CT and Frey, KJ and White, PJ and Wesenberg, DM and Holland, JB}, year={2002}, pages={730–738} }
 @article{holland_portyanko_hoffman_lee_2002, title={Genomic regions controlling vernalization and photoperiod responses in oat}, volume={105}, ISSN={["0040-5752"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036923983&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-001-0845-5}, abstractNote={Oat genotypes vary for photoperiod and vernalization responses. Vernalization often promotes earlier flowering in fall-sown but not spring-sown cultivars. Longer photoperiods also promote earlier flowering, and the response to longer photoperiods tends to be greater in cultivars from higher latitudes. To investigate the genetic basis of photoperiod and vernalization responses in oat, we mapped QTLs for flowering time under four combinations of photoperiod and vernalization treatments in the Ogle x TAM O-301 mapping population in growth chambers. We also mapped QTLs for flowering time in early spring and late-spring field plantings to determine the genetic basis of response to early spring planting in oat. Three major flowering-time QTLs (on linkage groups OT8, OT31 and OT32) were detected in most conditions. QTLs with smaller effects on flowering were less-consistently observed among treatments. Both vernalization-sensitive and insensitive QTLs were discovered. Longer photoperiod or vernalization alone tended to decrease the effects of flowering-time QTLs. Applied together, longer photoperiod and vernalization interacted synergistically, often on the same genomic regions. Earlier spring planting conferred an attenuated vernalization treatment on seeds. The major flowering-time QTLs mapped in this study matched those mapped previously in the Kanota x Ogle oat mapping population. Between these two studies, we found a concordance of flowering-time QTLs, segregation distortion, and complex genetic linkages. These effects may all be related to chromosomal rearrangements in hexaploid oat. Comparative mapping between oat and other grasses will facilitate molecular analysis of vernalization response in oat.}, number={1}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Holland, JB and Portyanko, VA and Hoffman, DL and Lee, M}, year={2002}, month={Jul}, pages={113–126} }
 @article{holland_bjornstad_frey_gullord_wesenberg_2002, title={Recurrent selection for broad adaptation affects stability of oat}, volume={126}, ISSN={["0014-2336"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1016394208780}, number={2}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, author={Holland, JB and Bjornstad, A and Frey, KJ and Gullord, M and Wesenberg, DM}, year={2002}, pages={265–274} }
 @article{portyanko_hoffman_lee_holland_2001, title={A linkage map of hexaploid oat based on grass anchor DNA clones and its relationship to other oat maps}, volume={44}, ISSN={["0831-2796"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035055426&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1139/gen-44-2-249}, abstractNote={A cultivated oat linkage map was developed using a recombinant inbred population of 136 F6:7 lines from the cross 'Ogle' × 'TAM O-301'. A total of 441 marker loci, including 355 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, 40 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), 22 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), 7 sequence-tagged sites (STSs), 1 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 12 isozyme loci, and 4 discrete morphological traits, was mapped. Fifteen loci remained unlinked, and 426 loci produced 34 linkage groups (with 2–43 loci each) spanning 2049 cM of the oat genome (from 4.2 to 174.0 cM per group). Comparisons with other Avena maps revealed 35 genome regions syntenic between hexaploid maps and 16–34 regions conserved between diploid and hexaploid maps. Those portions of hexaploid oat maps that could be compared were completely conserved. Considerable conservation of diploid genome regions on the hexaploid map also was observed (89–95%); however, at the whole-chromosome level, colinearity was much lower. Comparisons among linkage groups, both within and among Avena mapping populations, revealed several putative homoeologous linkage group sets as well as some linkage groups composed of segments from different homoeologous groups. The relationships between many Avena linkage groups remain uncertain, however, due to incomplete coverage by comparative markers and to complications introduced by genomic duplications and rearrangements.Key words: Avena, linkage map, comparative mapping, homoeology.}, number={2}, journal={GENOME}, author={Portyanko, VA and Hoffman, DL and Lee, M and Holland, JB}, year={2001}, month={Apr}, pages={249–265} }
 @article{holland_frey_hammond_2001, title={Correlated responses of fatty acid composition, grain quality, and agronomic traits to nine cycles of recurrent selection for increased oil content in oat}, volume={122}, ISSN={["1573-5060"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0043198664&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1023/A:1012639821332}, number={1}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, author={Holland, JB and Frey, KJ and Hammond, EG}, year={2001}, pages={69–79} }
 @article{holland_2001, title={Enhancing disease resistance of crops through breeding and genetics}, ISBN={1893997227}, journal={Dealing with genetically modified crops}, publisher={Champaign, Ill. : AOCS Press}, author={Holland, J. B.}, editor={R. F. Wilson, C. T. Hou and Hildebrand, D. F.Editors}, year={2001} }
 @article{holland_munkvold_2001, title={Genetic relationships of crown rust resistance, grain yield, test weight, and seed weight in oat}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2001.4141041x}, abstractNote={Integrating selection for agronomic performance and quantitative resistance to crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata Corda var. avenae W.P. Fraser & Ledingham, in oat (Avena sativa L.) requires an understanding of their genetic relationships. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic relationships of crown rust resistance, grain yield, test weight, and seed weight under both inoculated and fungicide‐treated conditions. A Design II mating was performed between 10 oat lines with putative partial resistance to crown rust and nine lines with superior grain yield and grain quality potential. Progenies from this mating were evaluated in both crown rust‐inoculated and fungicide‐treated plots in four Iowa environments to estimate genetic effects and phenotypic correlations between crown rust resistance and grain yield, seed weight, and test weight under either infection or fungicide‐treated conditions. Lines from a random‐mated population derived from the same parents were evaluated in three Iowa environments to estimate heritabilities of, and genetic correlations between, these traits. Resistance to crown rust, as measured by area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was highly heritable (H = 0.89 on an entry‐mean basis), and was favorably correlated with grain yield, seed weight, and test weight measured in crown rust‐inoculated plots. AUDPC was unfavorably correlated or uncorrelated with grain yield, test weight, and seed weight measured in fungicide‐treated plots. To improve simultaneously crown rust resistance, grain yield, and seed weight under both lower and higher levels of crown rust infection, an optimum selection index can be developed with the genetic parameters estimated in this study.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Holland, JB and Munkvold, GP}, year={2001}, pages={1041–1050} }
 @article{holland_helland_sharopova_rhyne_2001, title={Polymorphism of PCR-based markers targeting exons, introns, promoter regions, and SSRs in maize and introns and repeat sequences in oat}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1480-3321"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035543144&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1139/gen-44-6-1065}, number={6}, journal={GENOME}, author={Holland, JB and Helland, SJ and Sharopova, N and Rhyne, DC}, year={2001}, month={Dec}, pages={1065–1076} }
 @article{cervantes-martinez_frey_white_wesenberg_holland_2001, title={Selection for greater beta-glucan content in oat grain}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2001.4141085x}, abstractNote={Oat (Avena sativa L.) β‐glucan lowers serum cholesterol in humans. Development of oat cultivars with greater groat (caryopsis) β‐glucan content would increase the nutritional and economic value of the crop. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the response to phenotypic selection among individual S0 plants for greater groat β‐glucan content in two genetically broad‐based populations; to compare selected experimental lines to standard check cultivars; and to estimate genetic variances and heritabilities and to test for nonadditive genetic variance for β‐glucan content. We measured groat β‐glucan contents of check cultivars and parental lines and random S0:1 lines from initial and selected generations of each population grown in field experiments in 1996 and 1997 at two Iowa locations. Mean β‐glucan content increased from 53.9 to 59.9 g kg−1 in one population, and from 63.5 to 66.0 g kg−1 in the other, following selection. Genetic variance of β‐glucan content decreased by 9 to 22% following selection, but heritability for β‐glucan content did not change significantly. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.80 to 0.85 on a line mean basis. Additive variance was the only substantial component of genetic variance. Some experimental lines had significantly greater β‐glucan content than the best check cultivars and lines. Phenotypic selection for greater groat β‐glucan content will be effective for developing cultivars with elevated β‐glucan contents.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Cervantes-Martinez, CT and Frey, KJ and White, PJ and Wesenberg, DM and Holland, JB}, year={2001}, pages={1085–1091} }
 @article{holland_bjornstad_frey_gullord_wesenberg_buraas_2000, title={Recurrent selection in oat for adaptation to diverse environments}, volume={113}, ISSN={["0014-2336"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034076602&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1023/A:1003933421378}, number={3}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, author={Holland, JB and Bjornstad, A and Frey, KJ and Gullord, M and Wesenberg, DM and Buraas, T}, year={2000}, pages={195–205} }
 @article{holland_bingham_1994, title={GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT FOR YIELD AND FERTILITY OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS REPRESENTING DIFFERENT ERAS OF BREEDING}, volume={34}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci1994.0011183X003400040022x}, abstractNote={Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) exhibits inbreeding depression for forage yield and also tends to set fewer seeds following self‐pollination than following cross‐pollination. The objectives of this study were to estimate changes in yield potential, inbreeding depression for yield, and self‐ and cross‐fertilities of alfalfa cultivars adapted to Wisconsin and representing different eras of breeding from 1898 to 1985. In addition, two University of Wisconsin‐Madison experimental cultivars with well‐known breeding histories were included in the study. The S0 and S1 populations derived from each cultivar were evaluated for 3 yr for forage yield. Self‐ and cross‐fertilities of some S0 populations were measured in a greenhouse study. Both S0 and S1 populations of modern (Era 3) cultivars yielded greater than those of the oldest (Era 1) cultivars. Era 3 S0 populations generally yielded more than those of cultivars released in the 1940s and 1950s (Era 2) but this was not true for S1 populations. These results suggest that favorable alleles have accumulated in modern alfalfa cultivars but that this mostly occurred between Eras 1 and 2. Inbreeding depression decreased between Eras 1 and 2 and increased between Eras 2 and 3. Increased heterozygosity or exploitation of nonadditive genetic effects may account for much of the improvement in cultivar yield potential that occurred between Eras 2 and 3. Era 3 cultivars had a significantly lower ratio of self‐fertility to cross‐fertility than Era 1 cultivars. Therefore, modern cultivars appear to have improved capacity to produce high proportions of cross‐pollinated seed when nonself pollen is available, compared with older cultivars.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={HOLLAND, JB and BINGHAM, ET}, year={1994}, pages={953–957} }