@article{grzymkowski_chiu_jima_wyatt_jayachandran_stutts_nascone-yoder_2024, title={Developmental regulation of cellular metabolism is required for intestinal elongation and rotation}, volume={151}, ISSN={["1477-9129"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202020}, DOI={10.1242/dev.202020}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT
               Malrotation of the intestine is a prevalent birth anomaly, the etiology of which remains poorly understood. Here, we show that late-stage exposure of Xenopus embryos to atrazine, a widely used herbicide that targets electron transport chain (ETC) reactions, elicits intestinal malrotation at high frequency. Interestingly, atrazine specifically inhibits the cellular morphogenetic events required for gut tube elongation, including cell rearrangement, differentiation and proliferation; insufficient gut lengthening consequently reorients the direction of intestine rotation. Transcriptome analyses of atrazine-exposed intestines reveal misexpression of genes associated with glycolysis and oxidative stress, and metabolomics shows that atrazine depletes key glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites. Moreover, cellular bioenergetics assays indicate that atrazine blocks a crucial developmental transition from glycolytic ATP production toward oxidative phosphorylation. Atrazine-induced defects are phenocopied by rotenone, a known ETC Complex I inhibitor, accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species, and rescued by antioxidant supplementation, suggesting that malrotation may be at least partly attributable to redox imbalance. These studies reveal roles for metabolism in gut morphogenesis and implicate defective gut tube elongation and/or metabolic perturbations in the etiology of intestinal malrotation.}, number={1}, journal={DEVELOPMENT}, author={Grzymkowski, Julia K. and Chiu, Yu-Chun and Jima, Dereje D. and Wyatt, Brent H. and Jayachandran, Sudhish and Stutts, Whitney L. and Nascone-Yoder, Nanette M.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{grzymkowski_nascone-yoder_2024, title={The people behind the papers - Julia Grzymkowski and Nanette Nascone-Yoder}, volume={151}, ISSN={["1477-9129"]}, DOI={10.1242/dev.202745}, abstractNote={As the digestive system develops, the gut tube lengthens and convolutes to correctly package the intestine. Intestinal malrotation is a prevalent birth anomaly, but its underlying causes are not well understood. In this new study, Nanette Nascone-Yoder and colleagues show that exposure of Xenopus embryos to atrazine, a widely-used herbicide, can disrupt cellular metabolism in the developing gut tube and lead to intestinal malrotation. We caught up with first author Julia Grzymkowski and corresponding author Nanette Nascone-Yoder, Professor at North Carolina State University, to hear more about the story.}, number={1}, journal={DEVELOPMENT}, author={Grzymkowski, Julia and Nascone-Yoder, Nanette}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{zahn_james-zorn_ponferrada_adams_grzymkowski_buchholz_nascone-yoder_horb_moody_vize_et al._2022, title={Normal Table of Xenopus development: a new graphical resource}, volume={149}, ISSN={["1477-9129"]}, DOI={10.1242/dev.200356}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT
               Normal tables of development are essential for studies of embryogenesis, serving as an important resource for model organisms, including the frog Xenopus laevis. Xenopus has long been used to study developmental and cell biology, and is an increasingly important model for human birth defects and disease, genomics, proteomics and toxicology. Scientists utilize Nieuwkoop and Faber's classic ‘Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin)’ and accompanying illustrations to enable experimental reproducibility and reuse the illustrations in new publications and teaching. However, it is no longer possible to obtain permission for these copyrighted illustrations. We present 133 new, high-quality illustrations of X. laevis development from fertilization to metamorphosis, with additional views that were not available in the original collection. All the images are available on Xenbase, the Xenopus knowledgebase (http://www.xenbase.org/entry/zahn.do), for download and reuse under an attributable, non-commercial creative commons license. Additionally, we have compiled a ‘Landmarks Table’ of key morphological features and marker gene expression that can be used to distinguish stages quickly and reliably (https://www.xenbase.org/entry/landmarks-table.do). This new open-access resource will facilitate Xenopus research and teaching in the decades to come.}, number={14}, journal={DEVELOPMENT}, author={Zahn, Natalya and James-Zorn, Christina and Ponferrada, Virgilio G. and Adams, Dany S. and Grzymkowski, Julia and Buchholz, Daniel R. and Nascone-Yoder, Nanette M. and Horb, Marko and Moody, Sally A. and Vize, Peter D. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{grzymkowski_wyatt_nascone-yoder_2020, title={The twists and turns of left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis}, volume={147}, ISSN={["1477-9129"]}, DOI={10.1242/dev.187583}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT
               Many organs develop left-right asymmetric shapes and positions that are crucial for normal function. Indeed, anomalous laterality is associated with multiple severe birth defects. Although the events that initially orient the left-right body axis are beginning to be understood, the mechanisms that shape the asymmetries of individual organs remain less clear. Here, we summarize new evidence challenging century-old ideas about the development of stomach and intestine laterality. We compare classical and contemporary models of asymmetric gut morphogenesis and highlight key unanswered questions for future investigation.}, number={19}, journal={DEVELOPMENT}, author={Grzymkowski, Julia and Wyatt, Brent and Nascone-Yoder, Nanette}, year={2020}, month={Oct} }