@article{kiwanuka-tondo_semazzi_pettiway_2019, title={Climate risk communication of navigation safety and climate conditions over Lake Victoria basin: Exploring perceptions and knowledge of indigenous communities}, volume={5}, ISSN={2331-1886}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1588485}, DOI={10.1080/23311886.2019.1588485}, abstractNote={Abstract Governmental and non-governmental organizations have increasingly developed climate services and products to improve safety on Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest and the world’s second largest freshwater lake. Despite these efforts and other interests in efficient exploitation of natural resources, Lake Victoria is one of the most dangerous waterways in the world. Each year, around 5,000 people lose their lives on the lake due to navigation accidents. The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions of the stakeholders about climate change, meteorological services, causes of accidents, and cultural, social, and economic barriers that lead to lack of safety of navigation on Lake Victoria. The study uses anecdotal interviews with a convenience sample of five participants and surveys research with a convenience sample of 316 respondents from Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. The study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the multilayered ecological, socioeconomic, environmental, technological, and health-related factors that influence the safety of navigation on the lake by harnessing the indigenous knowledge of the stakeholders about their concerns and experiences. The authors assert and reaffirm the importance of integrating indigenous and scientific climate knowledge, offering strategies to enhance climate services and make technological products culturally relevant.}, number={1}, journal={Cogent Social Sciences}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Semazzi, Fredrick and Pettiway, Keon}, editor={Ricart Casadevall, SandraEditor}, year={2019}, month={Mar} }
 @article{kiptinness_kiwanuka-tondo_2019, title={The prevalence of HIV/AIDS frames in Kenya Newspapers: A summative content analysis of the Daily Nation}, volume={6}, ISSN={2331-205X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2019.1596047}, DOI={10.1080/2331205X.2019.1596047}, abstractNote={Abstract Kenya has one of highest numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa (UNAIDS, 2018). The Kenyan media and most notably the Daily Nation play an important role in the social construction of HIV/AIDS nationally. This article uses the theory of media framing to understand the manner in which Kenyan newspapers make sense of the HIV/AIDS issue between the years 2011 and 2015. Specifically, this analysis focuses on multiple frames used by stakeholders with respect to the following topical categories (a) valence (positive/negative), (b) the action frame, (c) victim frame, (d) severity of HIV/AIDS in Kenya, (e) causes and solutions, and (f) beliefs about who is at risk. The findings show the action and victim frames to be most dominant. The group “other” was considered most at risk of contracting HIV, while positive valence was noted in most sampled articles.}, number={1}, journal={Cogent Medicine}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kiptinness, Evonne Mwangale and Kiwanuka-Tondo, James}, editor={Mo, PhoenixEditor}, year={2019}, month={Mar} }
 @article{anderson_kiwanuka-tondo_2017, title={"An Odor in the Air": An Examination of HIV Prevention for Young Adults, Stigma, and Risk Fatigue in Gaborone, Botswana}, volume={3}, ISSN={2376-7510}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bsr.2017.0001}, DOI={10.1353/bsr.2017.0001}, abstractNote={This study examines the HIV/AIDS beliefs and experiences of young adults in Gaborone, Botswana using the Health Belief Model. Three focus groups conducted with 21 participants, ages 18–23, found that the abundance of campaigns in Botswana has seemingly led to HIV/AIDS becoming normalized, rendering campaigns ineffective. Traditional beliefs are fading from the younger generations, but risky behaviors continue to spread HIV/AIDS. Further, stigma beliefs impede preventative behaviors and hinder open conversation. Findings imply that future campaigns should incorporate the stories of people living with HIV/AIDS and should trim repetitive prevention messages to reduce desensitization of the risk of HIV/AIDS in Botswana.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Black Sexuality and Relationships}, publisher={Project Muse}, author={Anderson, Tracy and Kiwanuka-Tondo, James}, year={2017}, pages={1–28} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_merritt_demoya_2017, title={Cross regional differences in HIV/AIDS prevalence in Tanzania: How socio-economic and cultural contexts affected perceived individual and group efficacy}, volume={1}, number={1}, journal={The Scientific Pages of HIV and AIDS}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, J. and Merritt, S. and DeMoya, M.}, year={2017}, pages={1–9} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_pettiway_2017, title={Localizing complex scientific communication}, volume={4}, ISSN={2166-1200}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3071088.3071095}, DOI={10.1145/3071088.3071095}, abstractNote={This paper argues that a SWOT analysis (Dyson, 2004; Helms & Nixon, 2010; Holtzhausen & Zerfass, 2015; Houben, Lenie, & Vanhoof, 1999; Noble & Bestley, 2011) and a multi-sectorial approach (Okware, Opio, Musingizi, & Waibale, 2001; The World Bank, 2000; Uganda AIDS Commission & UNAIDS, 2000) to strategic communication can provide communication designers with a conceptual framework for localizing climate prediction and risk management information. The overarching idea is to use a multi-way communication model, such as suggested by McQuail (1987), to downscale climate data in a way that better addresses the communication expectations of the public in different locales. Such approaches can reduce barriers that often inhibit the international transfer of technical and scientific data for public consumption in different global contexts. To examine these issues, this paper uses a SWOT analysis for considering strategic communication planning in international settings. In so doing, the paper examines the work of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGARD) Climate Predictions and Applications Centre (ICPAC) in its efforts to respond to climate extremes and ensure disaster risk management in the Greater Horn of Africa.}, number={4}, journal={Communication Design Quarterly Review}, publisher={Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Pettiway, Keon Mandell}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={74–85} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_cobb_pettiway_2016, title={HIV/AIDS Stigma: Discussions from Black Female College Students on the Role of Family, Religious Organizations, and Health Institutions in Promoting Dialogue and Dissipating Shame}, volume={2}, ISSN={2376-7510}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bsr.2016.0016}, DOI={10.1353/bsr.2016.0016}, abstractNote={The research used focus groups to analyze the perceptions of Black female college students about hiv/aids stigma and prevention efforts. Our findings indicate that study participants perceived family, religious organizations and health care institutions as significantly impacting the promotion or dissipation of hiv/aids stigma. Awareness and understanding of students’ opinions and perceptions about stigma can assist health care personnel and religious leaders in developing prevention programs and services for individuals and their families within this particular group. This research is funded by National Science Foundation grant # iis-1144327.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Black Sexuality and Relationships}, publisher={Project Muse}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Cobb, Fay Payton and Pettiway, Keon}, year={2016}, pages={67–91} }
 @book{kiwanunuka-tondo_2015, place={Nairobi, Kenya}, title={Communicating Climate Prediction, Applications, and Disaster Risk Reduction Information in the Greater Horn of Africa: A policy paper for a communication plan for ICPAC}, institution={IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre}, author={Kiwanunuka-Tondo, J.}, year={2015} }
 @article{widinugraha_tondo_2015, title={The Effect of Separatism on the Society: Quantitative Analysis on the World Values Survey}, volume={5}, ISSN={2160-6579 2160-6579}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.17265/2160-6579/2015.10.005}, DOI={10.17265/2160-6579/2015.10.005}, abstractNote={Reading news every day, people should get the sense that the world is in danger. Particularly, when people read the international affair news section, which covers separatism issue almost every day. In the 21st century, world politics appear to far from resolved condition in terms of power sharing among the elites. Around 146 national scale conflicts in 76 countries happened in the last 50 years (Walter, 2006). Papua separatism in Indonesia, Patani insurgents in Thailand and Tibetan issue in China are few of the many separatism issues that are still in presence. People usually see images mass protest, conflicts or even violence whenever they read an article that discusses an act to separate certain regions from their central government. Scholars have also made many attempts to research the cause of separatism. To this date, what causes the insurgent movements are described from differences of ethnicities (Horowitz, 1981), politics (Chai, 2008), and religions (Forsberg, 2005). One might wonder, how can people live in this situation that causes potential riots in the street? Well, researches have described the effect of separatism are economics (Brancati, 2014), politics (Tull, 2011), violence (Amitai, 1992), and social demographic (Kollenz, 2000). Although these findings are surely interesting, the authors still find them as not enough to portrait the society inside. Hence, this study proposes that it would be valuable by understanding more knowledge if we discuss the effect of separatism from the social perspective. The following questions then, which social perspective are we looking for? Seeing that separatism is caused by many things, it would be useful should our research is going towards the tolerance among societies because it is widely known as an essential shared value for assuring the solidity of societies. Hence, our research should be in the direction of answering this question “What is the effect of separatism on people’s tolerance?”.}, number={10}, journal={Journalism and Mass Communication}, publisher={David Publishing Company}, author={Widinugraha, Dwiyatna and Tondo, James Kiwanuka}, year={2015}, month={Oct} }
 @article{cobb payton_kvasny_kiwanuka-tondo_2014, title={Online HIV prevention information}, volume={24}, ISSN={1066-2243}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IntR-09-2013-0193}, DOI={10.1108/intr-09-2013-0193}, abstractNote={
               Purpose
                – Two research questions are addressed: what are black female college students’ perceptions of current messages present on web sites about HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention?; and what messages do black female college students find culturally relevant to them, and why? Results indicate that these women perceive several communication barriers including lack of trust and unfamiliarity with information sources, stigma ascribed to HIV, as well as misconceptions and traditional values held by some in the black community and health institutions. HIV prevention messages are perceived as relevant if they exhibit qualities including interactive features. The paper aims to discuss these issues. 
            }, number={4}, journal={Internet Research}, publisher={Emerald}, author={Cobb Payton, Fay and Kvasny, Lynette and Kiwanuka-Tondo, James}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={520–542} }
 @article{kiwanuka‐tondo_fudge albada_waters_katz jameson_hamilton_2013, title={AIDS communication campaigns in Uganda}, volume={17}, ISSN={1363-254X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13632541311300124}, DOI={10.1108/13632541311300124}, abstractNote={Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test a predictive model for organizational factors on the extent to which organizations involved in non‐governmental organizations (NGO) or bilateral partnerships conduct campaign planning research.Design/methodology/approach – In‐depth interviews with 120 heads of organizations running AIDS campaigns in Uganda were conducted. The interviewers queried the participants regarding characteristics of their organization and the extent to which they conducted campaign planning research during their last campaign. The information was assigned to quantitative categories, so that the predictive model could be tested using path modeling software.Findings – The results of the path analysis indicated that the model fits the data well. An emergent finding from the path analysis involved the relationship between the number of trained staff workers and the tendency to solicit outreach worker feedback. Organizations with a greater number of trained staff workers sought outreach w...}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Communication Management}, publisher={Emerald}, author={Kiwanuka‐Tondo, James and Fudge Albada, Kelly and Waters, Richard D. and Katz Jameson, Jessica and Hamilton, Mark}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={5–23} }
 @inproceedings{payton_kiwanuka-tondo_kvasny_2012, place={San Francisco, CA}, title={Black Female Voices: Designing an HIV Information Artifact}, booktitle={4th International Conference on the Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics}, publisher={Taylor and Francis Group Publisher}, author={Payton, F.C. and Kiwanuka-Tondo, J. and Kvasny, L.}, year={2012} }
 @inbook{payton_kiwanuka-tondo_kvasny_2012, place={Boca Raton, FL}, title={Black Female Voices: Designing an HIV Information Artifact}, booktitle={Advances in the human side of service engineering}, publisher={CRC Press}, author={Payton, F.C. and Kiwanuka-Tondo, J. and Kvasny, L.}, editor={Spohrer, J.C. and Freund, L.E.Editors}, year={2012}, pages={307–315} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_albada_payton_2012, title={Media ownership and news framing: an analysis of HIV/AIDS coverage by Ugandan press}, volume={11}, ISSN={1608-5906 1727-9445}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2012.754837}, DOI={10.2989/16085906.2012.754837}, abstractNote={Applying framing theory, the present research analyzes trends in Ugandan news coverage and the prominent issue frames for HIV/AIDS-related stories. In order to determine the influence of other factors, such as media ownership and journalist origin, nearly 800 articles, from 2000 to 2004, were gathered from the major private newspaper and government-owned newspaper in Uganda. After systematic sampling, 365 articles constitute the sample. The results indicate that print news coverage of HIV and AIDS followed a non-linear trajectory, declining from 2000–2002 and then increasing from 2003–2004. Curative medicine emerged as the most prominent issue frame. Higher-risk behaviour was the least prominent issue frame overall. The ‘solutions’ issue frame nearly doubled in prominence from 2000–2004, while the HIV-prevention frame decreased from 2000–2002 and then rebounded from 2003–2004. Concerning HIV-related topics, the private newspaper included more features, printed lengthier articles, incorporated a greater variety of news frames, and published more articles by foreign journalists than the government-owned newspaper. The private newspaper employed the ‘HIV-prevention,’ ‘action,’ and ‘victims’ frames more often than the government-owned newspaper. Journalists at the government-owned newspaper adopted a ‘solutions’ frame more often than their private-press counterparts. Though foreign journalists were more likely than local journalists to employ the HIV-prevention frame, additional tests revealed that the news organisation for which the journalists worked contributed to issue framing to a greater extent than did either a local or foreign reporting origin. Local (Ugandan) journalists working for the two news organisations differed in their tendencies to apply the HIV-prevention, action, victims, and tragedy frames in news stories on HIV and AIDS, with journalists at the private newspaper using these frames more often than did journalists at the government-owned newspaper.}, number={4}, journal={African Journal of AIDS Research}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Albada, Kelly F and Payton, Fay Cobb}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={361–371} }
 @book{semazzi_yuter_xie_kiwanuka-tondo_2011, title={Strengthening meteorological services on Lake Victoria to enhance safety of navigation and efficient exploitation of natural resources}, institution={North Carolina State University and Lake Victoria Basin Commission}, author={Semazzi, Fredrick and Yuter, Sandra and Xie, Lian and Kiwanuka-Tondo, James}, year={2011} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_hamilton_katz jameson_2009, title={AIDS Communication Campaigns in Uganda: Organizational Factors and Campaign Planning as Predictors of Successful Campaign Execution}, volume={3}, ISSN={1553-118X 1553-1198}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15531180902984190}, DOI={10.1080/15531180902984190}, abstractNote={About 60% of all the HIV/AIDS cases are found in sub-Saharan Africa (UNAIDS, 2007). While a few countries in the region have shown a decline in prevalence, most countries in southern Africa have made little progress in their fight against AIDS. The goal of this study was to provide empirical support to confirm and extend an earlier model of the effect of organizational factors and campaign planning on campaign execution to help answer the question of what makes for a successful communication campaign to change AIDS-related behavior. A survey of the top leaders of 120 Ugandan organizations delivering AIDS communication campaigns supports a model that illustrates the vital role of several features, such as focused campaign goals, the formality of organizational structure, and outreach worker supervision, on effective campaign execution. Surprisingly, financial resources are negatively related to goal extensiveness and message clarity and may be a distraction during campaign execution.}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Strategic Communication}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Hamilton, Mark and Katz Jameson, Jessica}, year={2009}, month={Jun}, pages={165–182} }
 @article{payton_kiwanuka-tondo_2009, title={Contemplating public policy in HIV/AIDS online content, then where is the technology spirit?}, volume={18}, ISSN={0960-085X 1476-9344}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2009.16}, DOI={10.1057/ejis.2009.16}, abstractNote={Adaptive structuration theory (AST) has long been an accepted framework for investigating structures within technological artifacts and work environments. Information systems, organization science and communication scholars have prefaced AST context in terms of collaborative, group decision support systems. The social structures, however, can be characterized by features of rules, resources and capabilities along with a communicative spirit. Spirit is said to enable the user to better understand and interpret the meaning of a technology. Our research varies from the traditional focus of AST studies given that our context is not in single, for-profit organization with a common corporate mission or objective. Rather, we concentrate on the HIV/AIDS pandemic among Black women and the spirit communicated to this population by a principal government healthcare website. By interacting with a group of healthcare experts and practitioners during a 14-month period, we sought to understand the site's meaning and indications as its mission is to disseminate HIV/AIDS and other pertinent medical information. Further, our findings suggest that AST is a research framework that functions as a source for the notion of spirit. The (un)intended spirit inscribed on information and communication technologies (ICT) may be (ex)inclusive with regard to the population or society it intends to serve. Hence, grassroots approaches and audiences can, in fact, offer effective insight into user-centered designs focused on educational and prevention content among those most affected and infected by chronic diseases, such as HIV.}, number={3}, journal={European Journal of Information Systems}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Payton, Fay Cobb and Kiwanuka-Tondo, James}, year={2009}, month={Jun}, pages={192–204} }
 @article{snyder_hamilton_mitchell_kiwanuka tondo_fleming milici_proctor_2004, title={A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Mediated Health Communication Campaigns on Behavior Change in the United States}, volume={9}, ISSN={1081-0730 1087-0415}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10810730490271548}, DOI={10.1080/10810730490271548}, abstractNote={A meta-analysis was performed of studies of mediated health campaigns in the United States in order to examine the effects of the campaigns on behavior change. Mediated health campaigns have small measurable effects in the short-term. Campaign effect sizes varied by the type of behavior: r¯ = .15 for seat belt use, r¯ = .13 for oral health, r¯ = .09 for alcohol use reduction, r¯ = .05 for heart disease prevention, r¯ = .05 for smoking, r¯ = .04 for mammography and cervical cancer screening, and r¯ = .04 for sexual behaviors. Campaigns with an enforcement component were more effective than those without. To predict campaign effect sizes for topics other than those listed above, researchers can take into account whether the behavior in a cessation campaign was addictive, and whether the campaign promoted the commencement of a new behavior, versus cessation of an old behavior, or prevention of a new undesirable behavior. Given the small campaign effect sizes, campaign planners should set modest goals for future campaigns. The results can also be useful to evaluators as a benchmark for campaign effects and to help estimate necessary sample size}, number={sup1}, journal={Journal of Health Communication}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Snyder, Leslie B. and Hamilton, Mark A. and Mitchell, Elizabeth W. and Kiwanuka Tondo, James and Fleming Milici, Fran and Proctor, Dwayne}, year={2004}, month={Jan}, pages={71–96} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_amico_de wet_fisher_cornman_2004, title={Mbeki's HIV/AIDS policy communication: the beliefs and behaviours of a South African community}, volume={9}, number={1}, journal={Communitas: Journal for Community Communication and Information Impact}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, J. and Amico, R. and De Wet, G.A. and Fisher, J. and Cornman, D.}, year={2004}, pages={79–90} }
 @inbook{walker_rios_kiwanuka-tondo_2003, place={Westport, CT}, title={The Band Still Plays On: A Content Analysis of HIV/AIDS, African American and Latinos in New England Newspapers}, booktitle={Brown and Black Communication: Latino and African American Conflict and Convergence in mass Media}, publisher={Greenwood Publishing Group}, author={Walker, A. and Rios, D. and Kiwanuka-Tondo, J.}, editor={Rios, Diana I. and Mohamed, Ali N.Editors}, year={2003}, pages={93–104} }
 @article{kiwanuka-tondo_snyder_2002, title={The Influence of Organizational Characteristics and Campaign Design Elements on Communication Campaign Quality: Evidence from 91 Ugandan AIDS Campaigns}, volume={7}, ISSN={1081-0730 1087-0415}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10810730252801192}, DOI={10.1080/10810730252801192}, abstractNote={This research proposes and tests a model of the relationship between organizational factors, campaign design elements, and campaign quality of communication campaigns. It is the first quantitative study to test these relationships across many organizations. The context for the study was AIDS education and outreach campaigns in Uganda, during a time of successful decrease in the spread of HIV infection. Ninety-one organizations were surveyed. Since only 14% of the organizations collected exposure or outcome data, the study focused on the factors affecting campaign quality. Quality was examined by measuring goal specificity, execution quality, and message quality. The results show that financial resources, professional training, participation of outreach workers in planning the campaign, and audience participation in planning and executing the campaign were key organizational variables affecting the quality of the campaigns. The important campaign design elements affecting campaign quality were conducting research, using multiple channels, targeting only a few groups, and pretesting messages. The results have import for campaign planners, managers of organizations conducting campaigns, and funders. In addition, it is vital that organizations collect exposure and outcome data in the future to provide feedback on each campaign.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Health Communication}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, James and Snyder, Leslie B.}, year={2002}, month={Jan}, pages={59–77} }
 @book{kiwanuka-tondo_1991, place={Kampala}, title={Uganda Media Profile and an Inventory on IEC Materials on Health and Family Planning in Uganda: A research study}, publisher={Ministry of Information and Food and Agriculture Organization}, author={Kiwanuka-Tondo, J.}, year={1991} }
 @inbook{snyder_hamilton_mitchell_kiwanuka-tondo_fleming milici_proctor, place={Mahwah, NJ}, title={The Effectiveness of Mediated Health Communication Campaigns: Meta-Analysis of Differences in Adoption, Prevention, and Cessation Behavior Campaigns}, booktitle={Mass Media Theories and Processes: Advances Through Meta-Analysis}, publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum, Inc}, author={Snyder, L.B. and Hamilton, M.A. and Mitchell, E.W. and Kiwanuka-Tondo, J. and Fleming Milici, F. and Proctor, D.C.B.}, editor={Gayle, Preiss and Allen, Burrell and Bryant, J.Editors} }