@article{wolf_ruterbories_handel_hansen_2024, title={The effect of ε-aminocaproic acid on blood product requirement, outcome and thromboelastography parameters in severely thrombocytopenic dogs}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16977}, abstractNote={AbstractBackgroundNo treatment other than platelet administration is known to protect against spontaneous hemorrhage in thrombocytopenic dogs.ObjectivesPrimary: determine if treatment with ε‐aminocaproic acid (EACA) decreases the requirement for blood transfusions and improves outcome in dogs with severe thrombocytopenia. Secondary: find evidence of hyperfibrinolysis and determine the effect EACA administration on rapid (rTEG) and tissue plasminogen activator‐spiked (tPA‐rTEG) thromboelastography parameters.AnimalsTwenty‐seven dogs with severe thrombocytopenia were treated with EACA, and data from an additional 33 were obtained from the hospital database as historical control (HC) cohort.MethodsSingle arm clinical trial with HCs. The EACA group dogs received EACA (100 mg/kg IV followed by a constant‐rate infusion [CRI] of 400 mg/kg/24 hours). Thromboelastography before and during EACA infusion, hospitalization days, number of transfusions, and mortality were compared.ResultsNo difference was found in number of transfusions per dog (median, interquartile range; 1, 0‐2.5 vs 0.9, 0‐2; P = .5) and hospitalization days (4, 4‐6 vs 4.5, 3.75‐6; P = .83) between HC and EACA groups, respectively, and no difference in survival was identified by log‐rank analysis (P = .15). Maximum amplitude on both rTEG and tPA‐rTEG increased after EACA administration (rTEG baseline: 23.6, 9.6‐38.9; post‐EACA: 27.3, 19.8‐43.2; P < .001; tPA‐rTEG baseline: 23, 10.9‐37.2; post‐EACA: 24.7, 16.7‐44.8; P < .002).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAlthough EACA increased clot strength, there was no effect on outcome. Treatment with EACA at this dosage cannot be recommended as a routine treatment but may be considered for dogs with severe ongoing hemorrhage.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Wolf, Johanna and Ruterbories, Laura K. and Handel, Ian and Hansen, Bernie}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{wolf_law_lynch_2021, title={Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and multisystemic haemorrhage secondary to an accidental intravenous injection of melarsomine in a dog}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2052-6121"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85116074576&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/vrc2.196}, abstractNote={AbstractAn 8‐month‐old female entire Labradoodle was referred for further management of severe non‐cardiogenic pulmonary oedema after an accidental intravenous injection of the arsenical compound melarsomine. On arrival, the dog was non‐ambulatory, obtunded and in severe respiratory distress. Due to profound hypoxaemia despite oxygen supplementation, the dog was intubated and mechanically ventilated. While anaesthetised, the dog experienced three episodes of cardiac arrest with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, due to continued severe hypoxaemia and haemodynamic instability, euthanasia was elected by the owners. On necropsy, marked pulmonary oedema and haemorrhage into multiple organs, including the endocardium and brain, were identified. Although no other reports describe the consequences of intravenous melarsomine in dogs, the postmortem findings are very similar to intravenous arsenic toxicity in humans. Furthermore, this case report highlights the importance of accurate drug labelling.}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS}, author={Wolf, Johanna and Law, Jerry M. and Lynch, Alex}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{wolf_early_pozzi_vigani_2021, title={Ultrasound-guided paravertebral perineural glucocorticoid injection for signs of refractory cervical pain associated with foraminal intervertebral disk protrusion in four dogs}, volume={258}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.258.9.999}, abstractNote={Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
4 dogs, 7.5 to 10 years of age, were presented for evaluation of signs of chronic cervical pain and forelimb lameness secondary to cervical foraminal intervertebral disk protrusion (IVDP). All dogs were refractory to ≥ 2 weeks of conservative management including strict rest and pain management with anti-inflammatory drugs, methocarbamol, and gabapentin.


CLINICAL FINDINGS
The MRI findings included left foraminal IVDP at C2-3 causing mild C3 nerve root compression (dog 1), multifocal degenerative disk disease with mild focal left-sided disk protrusion at C6-7 without associated spinal cord or nerve root compression (dog 2), left foraminal C6-7 IVDP with suspected focal spinal cord atrophy or mild compression (dog 3), and right foraminal C6-7 IVDP and multifocal cervical intervertebral disk degeneration with annulus fibrosus protrusion (dog 4).


TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
Ultrasound-guided paravertebral perineural injections with methylprednisolone acetate (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb]) at the C3 nerve root in dog 1 and at the C7 nerve root in the other 3 dogs were performed. Injections were repeated at intervals of 4 weeks to 3 months on the basis of clinical response. None of the dogs had any complications from the procedures. For dogs 1 and 4, there was complete resolution of lameness and signs of cervical pain following perineural injections, and for dog 3, there was complete resolution of lameness and only minimal residual cervical pain. Dog 2 did not have long-lasting improvement.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Findings indicated that ultrasound-guided paravertebral perineural injection can be an effective treatment of cervical foraminal IVDP for some dogs. Additional studies to determine appropriate case selection and better assess the overall success rate and risks associated with this technique are warranted.
}, number={9}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Wolf, Johanna K. and Early, Peter J. and Pozzi, Antonio and Vigani, Alessio}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={999–1006} }