@article{earl_burnette_ho_2024, title={Exploring the benefits and costs of a growth mindset in a digital app weight management program}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1461-7277"]}, DOI={10.1177/13591053241226610}, abstractNote={ We explored the potential benefits and costs of believing one can change their weight (i.e. growth mindset) in the context of a digital weight management program. We investigated mechanisms by which growth mindsets relate to weight loss achievement and body shame. Among participants seeking to lose weight ( N = 1626; 74.7% female; 77.9% White; Mage = 45.7), stronger growth mindsets indirectly predicted greater weight loss achievement through positive offset expectations and subsequent increased program engagement. Additionally, stronger growth mindsets predicted less body shame through positive offset expectations but predicted more body shame through increased onset responsibility, replicating the double-edged sword model of growth mindsets. We conclude with applications that leverage growth mindsets for optimal behavior change while mitigating costs such as body shame. }, journal={JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Earl, Sydney and Burnette, Jeni L. and Ho, Annabell Suh}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{lipsey_burnette_becker_baker_mccrimmon_billingsley_2023, title={A growth mindset intervention to improve mental health in adolescents during COVID-19}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1751-9004"]}, DOI={10.1111/spc3.12894}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS}, author={Lipsey, Nikolette P. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Becker, Whitney and Baker, Levi R. and Mccrimmon, Jordyn and Billingsley, Joseph}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{hoyt_rafferty_earl_burnette_2023, title={Growth mindsets of people can promote interracial contact intentions among White Americans via positive expectations and reduced anxiety}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1461-7188"]}, DOI={10.1177/13684302231187262}, abstractNote={ We explored whether believing that people have the capacity to adapt and grow (i.e., growth mindset) might help to shape White Americans’ intentions to engage in interracial contact. Across four studies ( N = 621), growth mindsets of people were positively associated with intentions to engage in positive interracial contact. In Studies 2–4, in an attempt to explore causation, we successfully manipulated mindsets. Although these manipulations did not robustly predict interracial contact intentions, they did indirectly predict contact intentions through self-reported growth mindsets. In Studies 3–4, the growth mindset experimental condition also indirectly and serially predicted more positive interracial contact intentions through positive expectations and lower levels of intergroup anxiety. This work makes both theoretical and practical advances in the effort to encourage White Americans to engage in positive interracial contact. }, journal={GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. L. and Rafferty, Dana and Earl, Sydney and Burnette, Jeni L. L.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{babij_earl_becker_hoyt_burnette_marston_crispin_2023, title={Mindsets of Mental Illness: What Are the Implications for Stigma?}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2376-6964"]}, DOI={10.1037/sah0000482}, journal={STIGMA AND HEALTH}, author={Babij, Alexandra D. and Earl, Sydney and Becker, Whitney and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Marston, Anna and Crispin, Kendall}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_billingsley_becker_babij_2023, title={Mindsets of poverty: Implications for redistributive policy support}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1530-2415"]}, DOI={10.1111/asap.12367}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={ANALYSES OF SOCIAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC POLICY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Billingsley, Joseph and Becker, Whitney and Babij, Alexandra D.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{billingsley_forster_russell_smith_burnette_ohtsubo_lieberman_mccullough_2023, title={Perceptions of relationship value and exploitation risk mediate the effects of transgressors? post-harm communications upon forgiveness}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1879-0607"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2023.02.012}, DOI={10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2023.02.012}, abstractNote={Principles of adaptive design suggest that the decision-making systems tasked with regulating a victim's behavior in the wake of interpersonal harm should modulate forgiveness based at least in part on perceptions of the transgressor's relationship value and exploitation risk. We extended this framework with three experiments that tested whether conciliatory and antagonistic gestures influence forgiveness by altering these perceptions. We used an online sample from the United States (N = 1019), a laboratory sample from the United States (N = 318), and an online sample from Japan (N = 186). Across all three experiments, relationship value mediated the effect of antagonistic gestures (vs. control messages) on both behavioral and self-reported forgiveness, and exploitation risk mediated the effect of antagonistic gestures upon self-report (but not behavioral) forgiveness. For conciliatory gestures (vs. control messages), relationship value and exploitation risk emerged as significant mediators only in the American online sample.}, number={2}, journal={EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Billingsley, Joseph and Forster, Daniel E. and Russell, V. Michelle and Smith, Adam and Burnette, Jeni L. and Ohtsubo, Yohsuke and Lieberman, Debra and McCullough, Michael E.}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={68–79} }
 @article{burnette_billingsley_banks_knouse_hoyt_pollack_simon_2022, title={A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions: For whom, how, and why might such interventions work?}, volume={10}, ISSN={1939-1455 0033-2909}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000368}, DOI={10.1037/bul0000368}, abstractNote={As growth mindset interventions increase in scope and popularity, scientists and policymakers are asking: Are these interventions effective? To answer this question properly, the field needs to understand the meaningful heterogeneity in effects. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, we focused on two key moderators with adequate data to test: Subsamples expected to benefit most and implementation fidelity. We also specified a process model that can be generative for theory. We included articles published between 2002 (first mindset intervention) through the end of 2020 that reported an effect for a growth mindset intervention, used a randomized design, and featured at least one of the qualifying outcomes. Our search yielded 53 independent samples testing distinct interventions. We reported cumulative effect sizes for multiple outcomes (i.e., mindsets, motivation, behavior, end results), with a focus on three primary end results (i.e., improved academic achievement, mental health, or social functioning). Multilevel metaregression analyses with targeted subsamples and high fidelity for academic achievement yielded, d = 0.14, 95% CI [.06, .22]; for mental health, d = 0.32, 95% CI [.10, .54]. Results highlighted the extensive variation in effects to be expected from future interventions. Namely, 95% prediction intervals for focal effects ranged from -0.08 to 0.35 for academic achievement and from 0.07 to 0.57 for mental health. The literature is too nascent for moderators for social functioning, but average effects are d = 0.36, 95% CI [.03, .68], 95% PI [-.50, 1.22]. We conclude with a discussion of heterogeneity and the limitations of meta-analyses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).}, journal={Psychological Bulletin}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Billingsley, Joseph and Banks, George C. and Knouse, Laura E. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Simon, Stefanie}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{burnette_knouse_billingsley_earl_pollack_hoyt_2022, title={A systematic review of growth mindset intervention implementation strategies}, volume={17}, ISSN={1751-9004 1751-9004}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12723}, DOI={10.1111/spc3.12723}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Social and Personality Psychology Compass}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Knouse, Laura E. and Billingsley, Joseph and Earl, Sydney and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{becker_burnette_hoyt_2022, title={Coping in the time of COVID-19: Mindsets and the stories we tell}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12936}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Becker, Whitney and Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{burnette_billingsley_hoyt_2022, title={Harnessing growth mindsets to help individuals flourish}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1751-9004"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85123796288&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/spc3.12657}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Billingsley, Joseph and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{mckinsey_desmarais_burnette_garrett_2022, title={Impact of trauma education and growth mindset messaging on public attitudes about the criminal legal system}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1572-8315"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85127658442&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11292-022-09506-0}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY}, author={McKinsey, Eva and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Garrett, Brandon L.}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{hoyt_d'almeida_forsyth_burnette_2022, title={Mindsets of criminality: predicting punitive and rehabilitative attitudes}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1477-2744"]}, DOI={10.1080/1068316X.2022.2154352}, abstractNote={Should the goal of criminal justice be to make sure offenders get their ‘just deserts’? In the current work, we investigate why some people believe that criminal offenders should be punished. The primary goal is to explore how mindsets about the nature of criminal behavior predict punitive and rehabilitative attitudes. Drawing on the Double-Edged Sword (DES) model of mindsets in stigmatized domains, we predicted that mindsets about the relative changeability (growth mindsets) or stability (fixed mindsets) of criminality will have contradictory indirect effects on these attitudes. Across three preregistered studies (N = 1,089), in addition to finding that growth mindsets overall predicted less punitive attitudes, we found support for the DES model. That is, growth mindsets indirectly predicted less punitive and more rehabilitative attitudes via reduced essentialist thinking but stronger punitive and weaker rehabilitative attitudes via greater blame. Our findings extend the DES model to the domain of criminality, suggest avenues for additional research, and offer applications for fostering growth mindsets that keep the benefits without the costs.}, journal={PSYCHOLOGY CRIME & LAW}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and d'Almeida, Ayele and Forsyth, Rachel B. and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{hoyt_billingsley_burnette_becker_babij_2022, title={The implications of mindsets of poverty for stigma against those in poverty}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12947}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Billingsley, Joseph and Burnette, Jeni L. and Becker, Whitney and Babij, Alexandra D.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_forsyth_parry_deshields_2021, title={Believing in the American Dream Sustains Negative Attitudes toward Those in Poverty}, volume={84}, ISSN={["1939-8999"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85109087813&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/01902725211022319}, abstractNote={ A critical lever in the fight against poverty is to improve attitudes toward those living in poverty. Attempting to understand the factors that impact these attitudes, we ask: Does believing that meritocracy exists (descriptive meritocracy) sustain negative attitudes? Using cross-sectional (N = 301) and experimental (N = 439) methods, we found that belief in the United States as a meritocracy is associated with blaming people living in poverty and predicts negative attitudes toward them. Replicating and extending these findings, we experimentally manipulated beliefs in meritocracy and blame. Weakening American Dream beliefs predicted improved attitudes toward those in poverty. Understanding the nuanced role of belief systems in attitudes toward those in poverty provides strategies for promoting more positive thoughts and feelings. }, number={3}, journal={SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Forsyth, Rachel B. and Parry, Mitchell and DeShields, Brenten H.}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{heslin_burnette_ryu_2021, title={Does a Growth Mindset Enable Successful Aging?}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2054-4650"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85119285601&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/workar/waaa029}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={WORK AGING AND RETIREMENT}, author={Heslin, Peter A. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Ryu, Nam Gyu}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={79–89} }
 @article{forster_billingsley_burnette_lieberman_ohtsubo_mccullough_2021, title={Experimental evidence that apologies promote forgiveness by communicating relationship value}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85108825931&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-021-92373-y}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Forster, Daniel E. and Billingsley, Joseph and Burnette, Jeni L. and Lieberman, Debra and Ohtsubo, Yohsuke and McCullough, Michael E.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_nash_becker_billingsley_2021, title={Growth mindsets of anxiety: Do the benefits to individual flourishing come with societal costs?}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1743-9779"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85121605392&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/17439760.2021.2006762}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Believing anxiety can change is a predictor of wellbeing, in part, because such beliefs – known as growth mindsets – predict weaker threat appraisals, which in turn improves psychological functioning. However, feeling a sense of personal threat facilitates social activism, and thus growth mindsets may undermine such action. Across six studies (N = 1761), including cross-sectional and experimental approaches (3 pre-registered), growth mindsets predict flourishing, including wellbeing, resilience, and grit. We find that growth mindsets indirectly predict reduced activism against social threats through reduced threat appraisals, which are critical motivators of activism. The total effect linking growth mindsets to activism was not robust. Overall, Bayesian meta-analytic summary effects reveal that growth mindsets of anxiety are critical components of psychological flourishing, broadly defined. Mindsets are also consistently linked to weakened threat appraisals across a variety of social threats from gun violence to natural disasters. Although helpful for resilience, these dampened threat appraisals impair social action.}, journal={JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Nash, Emma and Becker, Whitney and Billingsley, Joseph}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{billingsley_lipsey_burnette_pollack_2021, title={Growth mindsets: defining, assessing, and exploring effects on motivation for entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs}, volume={8}, ISSN={1046-1310 1936-4733}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02149-w}, DOI={10.1007/s12144-021-02149-w}, journal={Current Psychology}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Billingsley, Joseph and Lipsey, Nikolette P. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M.}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @article{burnette_hoyt_buttrick_auster-gussman_2021, title={Well-being in the time of COVID-19: Do metaphors and mindsets matter?}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1464-066X"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85107220075&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/ijop.12785}, abstractNote={Communications about the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) often employ metaphors, which can help people understand complex issues. For example, public health messages may focus on “fighting” the disease, attempting to rouse people to action by instilling a sense of urgency. In contrast, change‐focused metaphors may foster growth mindsets and self‐efficacy—cornerstones of well‐being and action. We randomly assigned participants to read one of two articles—either an article about coronavirus that focused on fighting the war or an article that highlighted the possibility of change. In Study 1 (N = 426), participants who read the war, relative to the change, message reported lower growth mindsets and self‐efficacy and these in turn, predicted lower well‐being and weaker intentions to engage in health behaviours. In Study 2, (N = 702), we sought to replicate findings and included a no treatment control. We failed to replicate the effects of message condition, although both messages predicted greater self‐efficacy compared to the control. Similar to Study 1, growth mindsets predicted intentions to engage in recommended health behaviours and self‐efficacy predicted both well‐being and action. We discuss theoretical reasons for discrepancies as well as practical applications for developing public health communications.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Buttrick, Nicholas and Auster-Gussman, Lisa A.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{burnette_hoyt_russell_lawson_dweck_finkel_2020, title={A Growth Mind-Set Intervention Improves Interest but Not Academic Performance in the Field of Computer Science}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1948-5514"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85064619373&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/1948550619841631}, abstractNote={We investigated whether a growth mindset intervention could be leveraged to promote performance and interest in computer science, through what mechanisms it might do so, and whether effects were stronger for women than for men. In particular, we explored whether the growth mindset intervention improved academic performance and career interest by increasing intrinsic value. We developed and tested a scalable, online, 4-session growth mindset intervention at 7 universities, across 16 introductory computer science classes ( N = 491). The intervention did not have a significant total effect on academic performance, although it indirectly improved grades via value. Additionally, the intervention, relative to the control, improved interest in the field and value also mediated this effect. Counter to expectations, the intervention worked equally well for women and men. Theoretical and practical applications are discussed.}, number={1}, journal={SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Russell, V. Michelle and Lawson, Barry and Dweck, Carol S. and Finkel, Eli}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={107–116} }
 @article{burnette_pollack_forsyth_hoyt_babij_thomas_coy_2020, title={A Growth Mindset Intervention: Enhancing Students' Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Career Development}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1540-6520"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85071471097&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/1042258719864293}, abstractNote={Despite mounting interest in growth mindset interventions, this approach has yet to be applied to the domain of entrepreneurship. In the present research, we developed and tested if a growth mindset intervention could be leveraged to promote students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy and if this, in turn, predicted career development (i.e., academic interest, career interest, task persistence, and academic performance). We report on our findings, from an Open Science Framework (OSF) preregistered study, that is a randomized controlled trial implementing a growth mindset intervention. We randomly assigned undergraduate students ( N = 238) in an introduction to entrepreneurship class to either the growth mindset intervention or to a knowledge-based attention-matched control. Students in the growth mindset intervention, relative to the control, reported greater entrepreneurial self-efficacy and task persistence on their main class project. The intervention also indirectly improved academic and career interest via entrepreneurial self-efficacy. However, the intervention failed to directly or indirectly impact performance on a classroom assignment. Additionally, and somewhat surprisingly, gender and past experience in the field failed to moderate any effects of the intervention on outcomes. Theoretical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.}, number={5}, journal={ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Forsyth, Rachel B. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Babij, Alexandra D. and Thomas, Fanice N. and Coy, Anthony E.}, year={2020}, month={Sep}, pages={878–908} }
 @article{babij_burnette_hoyt_2020, title={Failing and feeling bad: how we think about experiencing negative emotions during setbacks}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1573-6644"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85084175100&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11031-019-09789-3}, number={3}, journal={MOTIVATION AND EMOTION}, author={Babij, Alexandra D. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={436–452} }
 @article{forster_billingsley_russell_mccauley_smith_burnette_ohtsubo_schug_lieberman_mccullough_2020, title={Forgiveness Takes Place on an Attitudinal Continuum From Hostility to Friendliness: Toward a Closer Union of Forgiveness Theory and Measurement}, volume={119}, ISSN={["1939-1315"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076423261&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1037/pspi0000227}, abstractNote={Researchers commonly conceptualize forgiveness as a rich complex of psychological changes involving attitudes, emotions, and behaviors. Psychometric work with the measures developed to capture this conceptual richness, however, often points to a simpler picture of the psychological dimensions in which forgiveness takes place. In an effort to better unite forgiveness theory and measurement, we evaluate several psychometric models for common measures of forgiveness. In doing so, we study people from the United States and Japan to understand forgiveness in both nonclose and close relationships. In addition, we assess the predictive utility of these models for several behavioral outcomes that traditionally have been linked to forgiveness motives. Finally, we use the methods of item response theory, which place person abilities and item responses on the same metric and, thus, help us draw psychological inferences from the ordering of item difficulties. Our results highlight models based on correlated factors models and bifactor (S-1) models. The bifactor (S-1) model evinced particular utility: Its general factor consistently predicts variation in relevant criterion measures, including 4 different experimental economic games (when played with a transgressor), and also suffuses a second self-report measure of forgiveness. Moreover, the general factor of the bifactor (S-1) model identifies a single psychological dimension that runs from hostility to friendliness while also pointing to other sources of variance that may be conceived of as method factors. Taken together, these results suggest that forgiveness can be usefully conceptualized as prosocial change along a single attitudinal continuum that ranges from hostility to friendliness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Forster, Daniel E. and Billingsley, Joseph and Russell, V. Michelle and McCauley, Thomas G. and Smith, Adam and Burnette, Jeni L. and Ohtsubo, Yohsuke and Schug, Joanna and Lieberman, Debra and McCullough, Michael E.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={861–880} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_2020, title={Growth Mindset Messaging in Stigma-Relevant Contexts: Harnessing Benefits Without Costs}, volume={7}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85091751852&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/2372732220941216}, abstractNote={ Growth mindsets are increasingly used to promote learning, development, and health. The increased popularity resulted in scrutiny and disputes about utility. The current work reviews a perspective critical to the debate. Namely, we focus on emerging research that examines both the favorable and potentially adverse consequences of growth mindset messaging in stigma-relevant contexts. This double-edged sword model merges the mindset perspective with attribution theory and the psychological essentialism literature. In stigmatizing contexts and in isolation, growth mindsets can indirectly predict less positive outcomes, via personal responsibility for the problem, but more positive outcomes, via expectations for the potential to manage conditions in the future. Programmatic research illustrates how to tailor growth mindset messages and interventions, to avoid the potential costs of blame, yet keep the benefits of self-efficacy and weakened essentialism. }, number={2}, journal={Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences}, author={Hoyt, C.L. and Burnette, J.L.}, year={2020}, pages={157–164} }
 @article{lindgren_burnette_hoyt_peterson_neighbors_2020, title={Growth Mindsets of Alcoholism Buffer Against Deleterious Effects of Drinking Identity on Problem Drinking Over Time}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1530-0277"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076092137&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/acer.14237}, abstractNote={BackgroundExplicit (self‐report) and implicit (indirect) measures of identification with drinking alcohol—drinking identity—are associated with drinking outcomes cross‐sectionally and longitudinally. A key next step is to identify moderators. The current study evaluated a promising moderator: mindsets of alcoholism. Believing people can change (growth mindset) is associated with adaptive outcomes in domains such as mental health, but research is scant regarding mindsets related to problematic drinking. We evaluated whether individuals’ alcoholism mindsets moderated the drinking identity to drinking relation as part of a larger, longitudinal web‐based study of heavy drinkers.}, number={1}, journal={ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH}, author={Lindgren, Kristen P. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Peterson, Kirsten P. and Neighbors, Clayton}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={233–243} }
 @misc{burnette_knouse_vavra_o'boyle_brooks_2020, title={Growth mindsets and psychological distress: A meta-analysis}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1873-7811"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85080979620&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101816}, abstractNote={We investigated if growth mindsets—the belief in the malleable nature of human attributes—are negatively related to psychological distress and if they are positively related to treatment value and active coping. In the meta-analysis, we included articles published between 1988 and 2019, written in English, that reported on mindsets as well as a qualifying dependent variable and included information required to calculate an effect size. With a random effects approach, meta-analytic results (k = 72 samples, N = 17,692) demonstrated that mindsets relate, albeit with minimal effects, to distress, treatment and coping. Specifically, there is a negative relation between growth mindsets and psychological distress (r = −0.220), a positive relation between growth mindsets and treatment value (r = 0.137) and a positive relation between growth mindsets and active coping (r = 0.207). Differences in mindset domain, assessment method of mindsets and timing of assessments moderated effects. There were not differences based on operationalization of psychological distress outcome or sample characteristics (i.e., developmental stage, diagnostic status, ethnicity). We discuss theoretical and practical applications of the findings.}, journal={CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Knouse, Laura E. and Vavra, Dylan T. and O'Boyle, Ernest and Brooks, Milan A.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{orvidas_burnette_schleider_skelton_moses_dunsmore_2020, title={Healthy Body, Healthy Mind: A Mindset Intervention for Obese Youth}, volume={181}, ISSN={["1940-0896"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85088948544&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/00221325.2020.1796573}, abstractNote={Abstract As growth mindset intervention research continues to develop, more work is needed to understand how to most effectively implement these interventions to encourage healthy cognitions and behaviors. The present study details the initial testing of a single-session, online mindset intervention (Healthy Body, Healthy Mind) for obese children and adolescents enrolled in obesity treatment clinics. Using a pre to post-test design, results indicated that growth mindsets of health and cognitions related to health behavior (nutrition and exercise self-efficacy and perceived control) increased significantly. However, despite efforts to mitigate feelings of culpability, blame also increased from pretest to post-test. Yet, body dissatisfaction decreased significantly. Intrinsic value for health behaviors remained unchanged from pretest to post-test. Analysis of narratives suggests that youth were engaged with the intervention content. Additionally, when youth’s narratives incorporated themes related to the changeable nature of the attribute, they also self-reported stronger growth mindsets. In the discussion, we note implications of findings for the development of large-scale health-based growth mindset interventions that are developmentally-appropriate for children and adolescents.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF GENETIC PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Orvidas, K. and Burnette, J. L. and Schleider, J. L. and Skelton, J. A. and Moses, M. and Dunsmore, J. C.}, year={2020}, pages={443–457} }
 @article{schleider_burnette_widman_hoyt_prinstein_2020, title={Randomized Trial of a Single-Session Growth MindSet Intervention for Rural Adolescents' Internalizing and Externalizing Problems}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1537-4424"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85067846436&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/15374416.2019.1622123}, abstractNote={Adolescents living in rural regions of the United States face substantial barriers to accessing mental health services, creating needs for more accessible, nonstigmatizing, briefer interventions. Research suggests that single-session “growth mind-set” interventions (GM-SSIs)—which teach the belief that personal traits are malleable through effort—may reduce internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents. However, GM-SSIs have not been evaluated among rural youth, and their effects on internalizing and externalizing problems have not been assessed within a single trial, rendering their relative benefits for different problem types unclear. We examined whether a computerized GM-SSI could reduce depressive symptoms, social anxiety symptoms, and conduct problems in female adolescents from rural areas of the United States. Tenth-grade female adolescents (N = 222, M age = 15.2, 38% White, 25% Black, 29% Hispanic) from 4 rural, low-income high schools in the southeastern United States were randomized to receive a 45-min GM-SSI or a computer-based active control program, teaching healthy sexual behaviors. Young women self-reported depression symptoms, social anxiety symptoms, and conduct problem behaviors at baseline and 4-month follow-up. Relative to the female students in the control group, the students receiving the GM-SSI reported modest but significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms (d= .23) and likelihood of reporting elevated depressive symptoms (d= .29) from baseline to follow-up. GM-SSI effects were nonsignificant for social anxiety symptoms, although a small effect size emerged in the hypothesized direction (d= .21), and nonsignificant for change in conduct problems (d= .01). A free-of-charge 45-min GM-SSI may help reduce internalizing distress, especially depression—but not conduct problems—in rural female adolescents.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Schleider, Jessica L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Widman, Laura and Hoyt, Crystal and Prinstein, Mitchell J.}, year={2020}, month={Sep}, pages={660–672} }
 @article{burnette_babij_oddo_knouse_2020, title={Self-regulation mindsets: Relationship to coping, executive functioning, and ADHD}, volume={39}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85088692385&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1521/jscp.2020.39.02.101}, abstractNote={Introduction: We examined if mindsets about the stability (fixed mindset) or malleability (growth mindset) of self-regulation predicted coping with setbacks. We also investigated relations with Executive Function (EF) deficits and ADHD status.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology}, author={Burnette, J.L. and Babij, A.D. and Oddo, L.E. and Knouse, L.E.}, year={2020}, pages={101–116} }
 @inbook{billingsley_burnette_mccullough_2019, title={An evolutionary perspective on forgiveness}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85091055119&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.4324/9781351123341-6}, abstractNote={We present an evolutionary perspective on forgiveness that conceptualizes forgiveness as the output of psychological mechanisms that evolved to help solve the ancestrally recurrent adaptive problem of exploitation. Appealing to principles of good design, evolution-minded researchers suggest that the cognitive mechanisms that execute forgiveness should draw heavily upon two internal representations—representations of the transgressor’s relationship value and representations of the transgressor’s exploitation risk. Our review of research that examines the hypothesized role of these variables in forgiveness reveals three insights. First, perceived relationship value is a consistent predictor of forgiveness, with empirical support emerging largely irrespective of differences in study design, methodology, sample, or measurement. Second, growing evidence suggests that relationship value plays a causal role in forgiveness. Third, there is an emerging consensus that perceived exploitation risk, at least as it has been measured so far, plays a less important role than relationship value in people’s decisions about forgiveness. Empirical studies have produced mixed evidence for the previously tendered hypothesis that relationship value more strongly influences forgiveness when the transgressor is perceived to pose little exploitation risk. Whether these inconsistent results are due to methodological differences, cultural differences, or other factors remains unclear. We conclude by forging conceptual links between the evolutionary approach to forgiveness and two other prominent models of forgiveness: the stress-and-coping model and the interdependence model.}, booktitle={Handbook of Forgiveness}, author={Billingsley, J. and Burnette, J.L. and McCullough, M.E.}, year={2019}, pages={52–62} }
 @article{burnette_forsyth_desmarais_hoyt_2019, title={Mindsets of Addiction: Implications for Treatment Intentions}, volume={38}, ISSN={0736-7236}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.5.367}, DOI={10.1521/jscp.2019.38.5.367}, abstractNote={ Introduction: The goal of the current work is to contribute to the critical dialog regarding consequences of different communications about the nature of addiction by offering a new theoretical approach. Specifically, we merge a mindset perspective, which highlights the importance of beliefs regarding the malleability of human attributes, with the attribution literature to explore how messages stressing the changeable vs. fixed nature of addiction influence beliefs and treatment intentions. }, number={5}, journal={Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology}, publisher={Guilford Publications}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Forsyth, Rachel B. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={367–394} }
 @article{thomas_burnette_hoyt_2019, title={Mindsets of health and healthy eating intentions}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85063584510&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12589}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Thomas, Fanice N. and Burnette, Jennifer L. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={372–380} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_thomas_orvidas_2019, title={Public Health Messages and Weight-Related Beliefs: Implications for Well-Being and Stigma}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1664-1078"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85077361956&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02806}, abstractNote={Across two studies, we examined the double-edged sword hypothesis, which outlines effects of weight-related beliefs and public health messages on physical and mental health. The double-edged sword hypothesis proposes that growth mindsets and messages (weight is changeable) predict reduced well-being and stigma via an increase in blame, but also predict greater well-being via an increase in efficacy and less stigma via a reduction in essentialist thinking. We tested this model in a correlational study (N = 311) and in an experimental study, randomly assigning participants (N = 392) to different weight-based public health messages. In Study 1, growth mindsets predicted greater onset blame and more offset efficacy. Blame did not predict any of the outcomes. However, offset efficacy predicted reduced risk for eating disorders, fewer unhealthy weight control behaviors, and less psychological distress. And, growth mindsets had a negative indirect effect on outcomes. In Study 2, we experimentally demonstrated that a changeable message about the nature of weight, designed to also reduce blame, indirectly decreased eating disorder risk, unhealthy weight control behaviors, body shame, and prejudice through increased offset efficacy and decreased social essentialism. This work contributes to our theoretical understanding of the psychological consequences of weight beliefs and messages on well-being and stigma.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Thomas, Fanice and Orvidas, Kasey}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{hoyt_morgenroth_burnette_2019, title={Understanding sexual prejudice: The role of political ideology and strategic essentialism}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85056307739&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12560}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Morgenroth, Thekla and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={3–14} }
 @article{burnette_russell_hoyt_orvidas_widman_2018, title={An online growth mindset intervention in a sample of rural adolescent girls}, volume={88}, ISSN={["2044-8279"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85048912279&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/bjep.12192}, abstractNote={BackgroundStudents living in rural areas of the United States exhibit lower levels of educational attainment than their suburban counterparts. Innovative interventions are needed to close this educational achievement gap.}, number={3}, journal={BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Russell, Michelle V. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Orvidas, Kasey and Widman, Laura}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={428–445} }
 @article{van tongeren_burnette_2018, title={Do you believe happiness can change? An investigation of the relationship between happiness mindsets, well-being, and satisfaction}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1743-9779"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84994837843&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/17439760.2016.1257050}, abstractNote={Abstract Three studies (N = 794) examined if beliefs about the malleable nature of happiness (growth mindsets) are associated with well-being and if this well-being had downstream implications for satisfaction with one’s relationships (Studies 1–3), health (Study 3), and job (Study 3). In Study 1 (N = 277), happiness growth mindsets were associated with greater well-being and greater relationship satisfaction. In Study 2 (N = 337), using an experimental paradigm and serial mediation, encouraging growth mindsets led to stronger beliefs in the changeable nature of happiness, which in turn was associated with subjective well-being, and, finally, relationship satisfaction. In Study 3 (N = 180), we replicated the downstream effects of growth mindsets of happiness on well-being and subsequently on relationship satisfaction and extended these serial mediation effects to health and job satisfaction. We discuss the implications of happiness mindsets.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Van Tongeren, Daryl R. and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2018}, pages={101–109} }
 @article{orvidas_burnette_russell_2018, title={Mindsets applied to fitness: Growth beliefs predict exercise efficacy, value and frequency}, volume={36}, ISSN={["1878-5476"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042721436&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.02.006}, abstractNote={Two studies examined if individuals' implicit theories, or mindsets, of fitness predict exercise behavior and whether self-efficacy and self-value mediated this relationship. Study 1 was a correlational study (n = 117) in which participants completed measures of mindsets of fitness, physical exercise self-efficacy, fitness self-value and exercising frequency. In Study 2, an experimental study (N = 314), participants were randomly assigned to read a news article portraying fitness as either malleable (growth condition) or static (fixed condition). Participants again completed measures of mindsets, physical exercise self-efficacy, and fitness self-value as well as future exercise intentions. In Study 1, mindsets of fitness predicted exercise frequency, with stronger growth mindsets positively relating to self-reports of exercise frequency. And, self-efficacy and self-value mediated this relationship. In Study 2, we successfully manipulated fitness mindsets. Self-reported growth mindsets of fitness predicted greater exercise intentions and self-efficacy and self-value mediated this relationship. However, the manipulation failed to predict exercise intentions. Study 1 provided initial support for the relationship between stronger growth mindsets of fitness and greater exercise efficacy, value and past exercise frequency. Study 2 offered experimental evidence of the potential to foster stronger growth mindsets. We discuss implications for future intervention development.}, journal={PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Orvidas, K. and Burnette, J. L. and Russell, V. M.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={156–161} }
 @article{widman_golin_kamke_burnette_prinstein_2018, title={Sexual Assertiveness Skills and Sexual Decision-Making in Adolescent Girls: Randomized Controlled Trial of an Online Program}, volume={108}, ISSN={0090-0036 1541-0048}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2017.304106}, DOI={10.2105/AJPH.2017.304106}, abstractNote={ Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy of an interactive, Web-based sexual health program (Health Education and Relationship Training [HEART]) for developing sexual assertiveness skills and enhancing sexual decision-making in adolescent girls. }, number={1}, journal={American Journal of Public Health}, publisher={American Public Health Association}, author={Widman, Laura and Golin, Carol E. and Kamke, Kristyn and Burnette, Jeni L. and Prinstein, Mitchell J.}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={96–102} }
 @article{hoyt_forsyth_burnette_2018, title={Social dominance orientation moderates the effectiveness of mindset messages}, volume={57}, ISSN={["2044-8309"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85044764401&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/bjso.12238}, abstractNote={In this work, we examine whether differences in social dominance orientation (SDO) moderate the effectiveness of mindsets of intelligence messages. We suggest that SDO is a foundational ideological belief system, on which individuals vary, that maintains the desire to endorse fixed beliefs about the nature of human intelligence. Thus, attempts to change individuals’ mindsets should be met with resistance from those who strongly endorse the social dominance ideology – individuals high on SDO. In contrast, individuals low on SDO are less likely to use mindsets of intelligence to justify an ideological belief system, and thus, mindset manipulations should be effective for them. We test these predictions across three experimental studies (NStudy1 = 271, NStudy2 = 207, NStudy3 = 313). Across the studies, we find that individuals who are high, relative to low, on SDO have more fixed beliefs about the nature of intelligence and show smaller effects of manipulations of mindsets. However, when comparing to a control condition, there was no evidence that high‐SDO participants resisted the growth message that contradicts their ideology more than the fixed one that supports it; additionally, low‐SDO participants showed heightened responsiveness to a fixed message. We discuss implications for theoretical advances in our understanding of mindsets.}, number={2}, journal={BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Forsyth, Rachel B. and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2018}, month={Apr}, pages={448–460} }
 @article{hoyt_moss_burnette_schieffelin_goethals_2018, title={Wealth inequality and activism: Perceiving injustice galvanizes social change but perceptions depend on political ideologies}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1099-0992"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85034575776&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/ejsp.2289}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Moss, Aaron J. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Schieffelin, Annette and Goethals, Abigail}, year={2018}, month={Feb}, pages={O81–O90} }
 @article{rade_desmarais_burnette_2017, title={An Integrative Theoretical Model of Public Support for Ex-Offender Reentry}, volume={62}, ISSN={0306-624X 1552-6933}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X17714110}, DOI={10.1177/0306624x17714110}, abstractNote={ Prior research suggests that public and ex-offender characteristics are associated with attitudes toward ex-offenders and support for their reentry; however, research examining reasons for these associations is limited. Research also is limited on the association between attitudes toward ex-offenders generally, and support for their reentry, specifically. Implicit theory offers a new approach to explaining public attitudes through beliefs in the fixed or malleable nature of people (i.e., mindsets). We developed and tested an integrative model applying implicit theory to investigate mechanisms through which beliefs explain support for reentry. Results showed that growth mindsets predicted more positive attitudes toward ex-offenders, which, in turn, predicted greater support for reentry. Belief in a just world, prior contact with an ex-offender, and political orientation were among the covariates of reentry support. Beyond supporting the application of implicit theory in this context, findings suggest that anti-stigma interventions should target growth mindsets to promote community reintegration. }, number={8}, journal={International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Rade, Candalyn B. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={2131–2152} }
 @article{ehrlinger_burnette_park_harrold_orvidas_2017, title={Incremental theories of weight and healthy eating behavior}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85017539871&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12439}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Ehrlinger, Joyce and Burnette, Jeni L. and Park, Jina and Harrold, Mycah L. and Orvidas, Kasey}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={320–330} }
 @inbook{burnette_hoyt_orvidas_2017, title={Mindsets of body weight}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85055011643&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-57306-9_13}, booktitle={The Science of Lay Theories: How Beliefs Shape Our Cognition, Behavior, and Health}, author={Burnette, J.L. and Hoyt, C.L. and Orvidas, K.}, year={2017}, pages={319–339} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_auster-gussman_blodorn_major_2017, title={The obesity stigma asymmetry model: The indirect and divergent effects of blame and changeability beliefs on antifat prejudice.}, volume={2}, ISSN={2376-6964 2376-6972}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/SAH0000026}, DOI={10.1037/SAH0000026}, abstractNote={The American Medical Association hoped that labeling obesity a disease would not only highlight the seriousness of the epidemic and elicit resources but also reduce stigma against obese individuals. In the current work, we tested the consequences of this decision for prejudice against obese individuals. In doing so, we highlighted the complicated link between messages stressing different etiologies of obesity and prejudice. More specifically, we conducted 3 experimental studies (nStudy1 = 188; nStudy2 = 111; nStudy3 = 391), randomly assigning participants to either an obesity is a disease message or a weight is changeable message. Our results indicated that messages focused on obesity as a disease, relative to those focused on the changeable nature of weight, both (a) decreased blame and via this mechanism, decreased antifat prejudice and (b) increased, or strengthened, the belief in the unchangeable nature of weight and via this mechanism, increased antifat prejudice. We call these opposing effects the stigma asymmetry model. We conclude with theoretical and practical implications of this model.}, number={1}, journal={Stigma and Health}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Auster-Gussman, Lisa and Blodorn, Alison and Major, Brenda}, year={2017}, month={Feb}, pages={53–65} }
 @article{burnette_hoyt_dweck_auster-gussman_2017, title={Weight beliefs and messages: Mindsets predict body-shame and anti-fat attitudes via attributions}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1559-1816"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85032723176&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/jasp.12464}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={11}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Dweck, Carol S. and Auster-Gussman, Lisa}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={616–624} }
 @article{fast_harman_maertens_burnette_dreith_2015, title={Creating a measure of portion control self-efficacy}, volume={16}, ISSN={1471-0153}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.EATBEH.2014.10.009}, DOI={10.1016/J.EATBEH.2014.10.009}, abstractNote={Over the last few decades, food portion sizes have steadily increased by as much as 700% (Young & Nestle, 2002). Food portions are often much larger than dietary guidelines recommend, leaving individuals to manage their food consumption on their own and making it necessary to understand individual factors impacting food consumption. In the current paper, we focus on self-efficacy for portion control. Specifically, across three studies, we developed and validated a new measure of portion control self-efficacy (PCSE). The PCSE measure yielded good fit statistics and had acceptable test–retest reliability using two cross-sectional surveys (Studies 1(a) and 1(b)). Results from Study 2 demonstrated construct and predictive validity of the PCSE using the Food Amount Rating Scale (FARS; Dohm, & Striegel-Moore, 2002). Study 3 offered additional support for reliability and validity with a sample of overweight and obese adults currently trying to lose weight. Overall, findings indicate that the new PCSE measure is reliable and valid. Individuals often make inaccurate food portion estimates (Slawson & Eck, 1997; Yuhas, Bolland, & Bolland, 1989) which can lead to overeating and weight-gain. Thus, the discussion centers on the need to incorporate PCSE in future research and intervention work targeting weight loss, health, and food consumption.}, journal={Eating Behaviors}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Fast, Lindsey C. and Harman, Jennifer J. and Maertens, Julie A. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Dreith, Francesca}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={23–30} }
 @inbook{davis_green_reid_moloney_burnette_2015, title={Forgiveness and health in nonmarried dyadic relationships}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84956777723&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/978-94-017-9993-5}, booktitle={Forgiveness and Health: Scientific Evidence and Theories Relating Forgiveness to Better Health}, author={Davis, J.L. and Green, J.D. and Reid, C.A. and Moloney, J.M. and Burnette, J.}, year={2015}, pages={239–254} }
 @article{davis_deblaere_hook_burnette_van tongeren_rice_worthington_2015, title={Intergroup forgiveness of race-related offenses.}, volume={62}, ISSN={1939-2168 0022-0167}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/COU0000081}, DOI={10.1037/COU0000081}, abstractNote={We developed a new intergroup forgiveness measure in the context of identity-related offenses, with a focus on racial conflicts. In Study 1 (N = 384), we adapted a widely used measure of interpersonal forgiveness to develop the Group Forgiveness Scale (GFS) within the context of an identity-related offense. In Study 2, we replicated the 3-factor structure of the GFS (i.e., Avoidance, Revenge, Decision to Forgive) and examined evidence for its construct validity in a sample of African American/Black university students (N = 225). As evidence of convergent validity, intergroup forgiveness correlated with appraising greater relationship value as well as appraising lower likelihood of being exploited in the future. As evidence of discriminant validity, the newly developed intergroup forgiveness scale (i.e., the GFS) correlated only moderately with interpersonal forgiveness and perceived microaggressions. In Study 3, in another sample of racial/ethnic minority individuals (N = 352), we examined the predictive validity of the scale. More specifically, we examined relations of the GFS subscales with religious commitment and racial/ethnic identity. The Decision to Forgive subscale uniquely correlated with religious commitment controlling for the Avoidance and Revenge subscales. Lower revenge correlated with stronger racial/ethnic identity. We conclude with implications of the current findings for the development of intergroup forgiveness measurement and for understanding the nature of forgiveness within marginalized groups.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Counseling Psychology}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Davis, Don E. and DeBlaere, Cirleen and Hook, Joshua N. and Burnette, Jeni and Van Tongeren, Daryl R. and Rice, Kenneth G. and Worthington, Everett L.}, year={2015}, pages={402–412} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_auster-gussman_2014, title={"Obesity Is a Disease": Examining the Self-Regulatory Impact of This Public-Health Message}, volume={25}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84898858796&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0956797613516981}, abstractNote={ In the current work, we examined the impact of the American Medical Association’s recent classification of obesity as a disease on weight-management processes. Across three experimental studies, we highlighted the potential hidden costs associated with labeling obesity as a disease, showing that this message, presented in an actual New York Times article, undermined beneficial weight-loss self-regulatory processes. A disease-based, relative to an information-based, weight-management message weakened the importance placed on health-focused dieting and reduced concerns about weight among obese individuals—the very people whom such public-health messages are targeting. Further, the decreased concern about weight predicted higher-calorie food choices. In addition, the disease message, relative to a message that obesity is not a disease, lowered body-image dissatisfaction, but this too predicted higher-calorie food choices. Thus, although defining obesity as a disease may be beneficial for body image, results from the current work emphasize the negative implications of this message for self-regulation. }, number={4}, journal={Psychological Science}, author={Hoyt, C.L. and Burnette, J.L. and Auster-Gussman, L.}, year={2014}, pages={997–1002} }
 @article{van tongeren_burnette_o’boyle_worthington_forsyth_2014, title={A meta-analysis of intergroup forgiveness}, volume={9}, ISSN={1743-9760 1743-9779}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.844268}, DOI={10.1080/17439760.2013.844268}, abstractNote={In the past decade, interest has flourished in the empirical study of forgiveness in the wake of intergroup conflicts. In the current paper, we sought to empirically integrate the diverse predictors of intergroup forgiveness building on a tripartite model that incorporates affective, cognitive, and constraining features. Using a random effects approach, we meta-analyzed (N = 13,371; k = 43) correlates of intergroup forgiveness across diverse conflicts (e.g. 65% intrastate, 35% interstate) and populations (20 different nationalities; 60% female). We tested the effect of nine distinct predictors and investigated study characteristics as moderators of these effects (i.e. sex of victim and conflict type). Collective guilt [r = 0.49] and trust [r = 0.42] emerged as the strongest facilitators, whereas negative emotions [r = −0.33] and in-group identity [r = −0.32] emerged as the strongest barriers to intergroup forgiveness. We discuss practical applications of these findings.}, number={1}, journal={The Journal of Positive Psychology}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Van Tongeren, Daryl R. and Burnette, Jeni L. and O’Boyle, Ernest and Worthington, Everett L., Jr. and Forsyth, Donelson R.}, year={2014}, pages={81–95} }
 @article{burnette_davisson_finkel_van tongeren_hui_hoyle_2014, title={Self-Control and Forgiveness: A Meta-Analytic Review}, volume={5}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84897863575&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/1948550613502991}, abstractNote={ In the 12 years since scholars first investigated the link between self-control and forgiveness (Finkel & Campbell, 2001), the literature investigating this relation has grown rapidly. The present article reports a meta-analytic review of this link across 40 independent samples and 5,105 independent observations. In addition, it investigates an array of potential moderators. Results revealed that the overall link between self-control and forgiveness is statistically robust and small to moderate in magnitude ( r = .18). Consistent with the prevailing theoretical models, this link is stronger when forgiveness is assessed in terms of low vengeance (resisting retaliation: r = .31) rather than in terms of high benevolence (fostering prosociality: r = .16). Discussion focuses on the potentially crucial role of forgiveness, especially vengeance inhibition, in linking self-control to relationship well-being. }, number={4}, journal={Social Psychological and Personality Science}, author={Burnette, J.L. and Davisson, E.K. and Finkel, E.J. and Van Tongeren, D.R. and Hui, C.M. and Hoyle, R.H.}, year={2014}, pages={443–450} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_2013, title={Gender Bias in Leader Evaluations: Merging Implicit Theories and Role Congruity Perspectives}, volume={39}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84884225623&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0146167213493643}, abstractNote={ This research extends our understanding of gender bias in leader evaluations by merging role congruity and implicit theory perspectives. We tested and found support for the prediction that the link between people’s attitudes regarding women in authority and their subsequent gender-biased leader evaluations is significantly stronger for entity theorists (those who believe attributes are fixed) relative to incremental theorists (those who believe attributes are malleable). In Study 1, 147 participants evaluated male and female gubernatorial candidates. Results supported predictions, demonstrating that traditional attitudes toward women in authority significantly predicted a pro-male gender bias in leader evaluations (and progressive attitudes predicted a pro-female gender bias) with an especially strong effect for those with more entity-oriented, relative to incrementally oriented person theories. Study 2 (119 participants) replicated these findings and demonstrated the mediating role of these attitudes in linking gender stereotypes and leader role expectations to biased evaluations. }, number={10}, journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin}, author={Hoyt, C.L. and Burnette, J.L.}, year={2013}, pages={1306–1319} }
 @article{burnette_pollack_2013, title={Implicit Theories of Work and Job Fit: Implications for Job and Life Satisfaction}, volume={35}, ISSN={0197-3533 1532-4834}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2013.803964}, DOI={10.1080/01973533.2013.803964}, abstractNote={Extending the implicit theory perspective to the domain of work, we established the factor structure of a newly developed measure and then investigated how destiny theories (potential careers are or are not “meant to be”) interact with job fit to predict job and life satisfaction. Results revealed Destiny Theory × Job Fit interaction effects. Specifically, better job fit predicted higher life satisfaction for individuals with strong (relative to weak) destiny theories. We further examined the indirect effect of the Job Fit × Destiny Theory interaction with life satisfaction through increased job satisfaction. Results supported the proposed model.}, number={4}, journal={Basic and Applied Social Psychology}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M.}, year={2013}, month={Jul}, pages={360–372} }
 @article{burnette_o'boyle_vanepps_pollack_finkel_2013, title={Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation.}, volume={139}, ISSN={1939-1455 0033-2909}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029531}, DOI={10.1037/a0029531}, abstractNote={This review builds on self-control theory (Carver & Scheier, 1998) to develop a theoretical framework for investigating associations of implicit theories with self-regulation. This framework conceptualizes self-regulation in terms of 3 crucial processes: goal setting, goal operating, and goal monitoring. In this meta-analysis, we included articles that reported a quantifiable assessment of implicit theories and at least 1 self-regulatory process or outcome. With a random effects approach used, meta-analytic results (total unique N = 28,217; k = 113) across diverse achievement domains (68% academic) and populations (age range = 5-42; 10 different nationalities; 58% from United States; 44% female) demonstrated that implicit theories predict distinct self-regulatory processes, which, in turn, predict goal achievement. Incremental theories, which, in contrast to entity theories, are characterized by the belief that human attributes are malleable rather than fixed, significantly predicted goal setting (performance goals, r = -.151; learning goals, r = .187), goal operating (helpless-oriented strategies, r = -.238; mastery-oriented strategies, r = .227), and goal monitoring (negative emotions, r = -.233; expectations, r = .157). The effects for goal setting and goal operating were stronger in the presence (vs. absence) of ego threats such as failure feedback. Discussion emphasizes how the present theoretical analysis merges an implicit theory perspective with self-control theory to advance scholarship and unlock major new directions for basic and applied research.}, number={3}, journal={Psychological Bulletin}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and O'Boyle, Ernest H. and VanEpps, Eric M. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Finkel, Eli J.}, year={2013}, pages={655–701} }
 @article{burnette_finkel_2012, title={Buffering against weight gain following dieting setbacks: An implicit theory intervention}, volume={48}, ISSN={0022-1031}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2011.12.020}, DOI={10.1016/j.jesp.2011.12.020}, abstractNote={Research on implicit theories suggests that incremental beliefs—that attributes are malleable—can help buffer people against the adverse effects of setbacks on goal achievement. We conducted a longitudinal experiment to examine whether an incremental beliefs intervention could help dieters manage their body weight in the face of severe dieting setbacks. To explore the efficacy of our incremental beliefs intervention, we randomly assigned individuals to a control, a knowledge, or an incremental beliefs condition. In addition to examining the main effect of intervention condition on weight-loss across a 12-week period, we also tested the hypothesis that although participants assigned to the control or knowledge intervention condition would gain more weight as dieting setbacks became more severe, participants assigned to the incremental beliefs condition would not. Results supported this hypothesis: Incremental beliefs protected against setback-related weight-gain. Implications for integrating implicit beliefs interventions with obesity relapse prevention programs are discussed.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Experimental Social Psychology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Finkel, Eli J.}, year={2012}, month={May}, pages={721–725} }
 @article{hook_worthington_utsey_davis_burnette_2012, title={Collectivistic Self-Construal and Forgiveness}, volume={57}, ISSN={0160-7960}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2012.00012.x}, DOI={10.1002/j.2161-007X.2012.00012.x}, abstractNote={This study tested a theoretical model of the relationship between collectivism and forgiveness. Participants (N= 298) completed measures of collectivistic self‐construal, forgiveness, and forgiveness‐related constructs. A collectivistic self‐construal was related to understanding forgiveness as an interpersonal process that involved reconciliation. Individuals with more collectivistic views reported higher trait forgivingness, which predicted the tendency to respond to specific offenses with decisional rather than emotional forgiveness. Individuals with a more collectivistic self‐construal may place more value on interpersonal harmony, reconciliation, and decisions to forgive rather than emotional peace. Implications suggest that counselors understand issues of conflict, hurts, and forgiveness within an assessment of clients’ self‐construal.}, number={1}, journal={Counseling and Values}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hook, Joshua N. and Worthington, Everett L., Jr. and Utsey, Shawn O. and Davis, Don E. and Burnette, Jeni L.}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={109–124} }
 @article{burnette_mccullough_tongeren_davis_2012, title={Forgiveness Results From Integrating Information About Relationship Value and Exploitation Risk}, volume={38}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84857154882&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0146167211424582}, abstractNote={ Exploitation is a fact of life for social organisms, and natural selection gives rise to revenge mechanisms that are designed to deter such exploitations. However, humans may also possess cognitive forgiveness mechanisms designed to promote the restoration of valuable social relationships following exploitation. In the current article, the authors test the hypothesis that decisions about forgiveness result from a computational system that combines information about relationship value and exploitation risk to produce decisions about whom to forgive following interpersonal offenses. The authors examined the independent and interactive effects of relationship value and exploitation risk across two studies. In Study 1, controlling for other constructs related to forgiveness, the authors assessed relationship value and exploitation risk. In Study 2, participants experienced experimental manipulations of relationship value and exploitation risk. Across studies, using hypothetical and actual offenses and varied forgiveness measures, the combination of low exploitation risk and high relationship value predicted the greatest forgiveness. }, number={3}, journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin}, author={Burnette, J.L. and McCullough, M.E. and Tongeren, D.R. and Davis, D.E.}, year={2012}, pages={345–356} }
 @inbook{lavelock_worthington_burnette_van tongeren_jennings_greer_lin_ho_2012, title={Forgiveness and the psychology of peace}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84891981141&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Psychology of Peace}, author={Lavelock, C.R. and Worthington, E.L. and Burnette, J.L. and Van Tongeren, D.R. and Jennings, D.J. and Greer, C.L. and Lin, Y. and Ho, M.Y.}, year={2012}, pages={1–42} }
 @article{hoyt_burnette_innella_2012, title={I can do that: The impact of implicit theories on leadership role model effectiveness}, volume={38}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856187331&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0146167211427922}, abstractNote={ This research investigates the role of implicit theories in influencing the effectiveness of successful role models in the leadership domain. Across two studies, the authors test the prediction that incremental theorists (“leaders are made”) compared to entity theorists (“leaders are born”) will respond more positively to being presented with a role model before undertaking a leadership task. In Study 1, measuring people’s naturally occurring implicit theories of leadership, the authors showed that after being primed with a role model, incremental theorists reported greater leadership confidence and less anxious-depressed affect than entity theorists following the leadership task. In Study 2, the authors demonstrated the causal role of implicit theories by manipulating participants’ theory of leadership ability. They replicated the findings from Study 1 and demonstrated that identification with the role model mediated the relationship between implicit theories and both confidence and affect. In addition, incremental theorists outperformed entity theorists on the leadership task. }, number={2}, journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin}, author={Hoyt, C.L. and Burnette, J.L. and Innella, A.N.}, year={2012}, pages={257–268} }
 @article{pollack_burnette_hoyt_2012, title={Self-Efficacy in the Face of Threats to Entrepreneurial Success: Mind-Sets Matter}, volume={34}, ISSN={0197-3533 1532-4834}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2012.674452}, DOI={10.1080/01973533.2012.674452}, abstractNote={Results from two studies, extending implicit theories to entrepreneurship, demonstrated that incremental theorists (entrepreneurial ability is malleable), compared to entity theorists (entrepreneurial ability is fixed), reported more self-efficacy after threats to personal ability and business success. In Study 1, women induced to hold an incremental theory reported more self-efficacy regarding future entrepreneurial endeavors, compared to women induced to hold an entity theory, after being told entrepreneurial ability is primarily driven by masculine traits (threat condition). Results from Study 2, a sample of business owners, replicated this incremental buffering effect after threats to both men and women's entrepreneurial success (i.e., poor business performance). We discuss results in terms of how mind-sets matter for entrepreneurial endeavors, especially in the face of challenges.}, number={3}, journal={Basic and Applied Social Psychology}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2012}, month={May}, pages={287–294} }
 @article{davis_burnette_allison_stone_2011, title={Against the odds: academic underdogs benefit from incremental theories}, volume={14}, ISSN={1381-2890 1573-1928}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/S11218-010-9147-6}, DOI={10.1007/S11218-010-9147-6}, number={3}, journal={Social Psychology of Education}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Davis, Jody L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Allison, Scott T. and Stone, Heather}, year={2011}, pages={331–346} }
 @article{burnette_pollack_forsyth_2011, title={Leadership in extreme contexts: A groupthink analysis of the May 1996 Mount Everest disaster}, volume={4}, ISSN={1935-2611}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jls.20190}, DOI={10.1002/jls.20190}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Leadership Studies}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Forsyth, Donelson R.}, year={2011}, month={Apr}, pages={29–40} }
 @article{burnette_davis_green_worthington_bradfield_2010, title={Erratum to “Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy and forgiveness” [Personality and Individual Differences 46 (2009) 276–280]}, volume={49}, ISSN={0191-8869}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.06.026}, DOI={10.1016/j.paid.2010.06.026}, abstractNote={Erratum Erratum to ‘‘Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy and forgiveness” [Personality and Individual Differences 46 (2009) 276–280] Jeni L. Burnette *, Don E. Davis , Jeffrey D. Green , Everett L. Worthington Jr. , Erin Bradfield c University of Richmond, Department of Psychology, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173, USA Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA Duke University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Box 90086, 9 Flowers Drive, Durham, NC 27708, USA}, number={7}, journal={Personality and Individual Differences}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Davis, Don E. and Green, Jeffrey D. and Worthington, Everett L., Jr. and Bradfield, Erin}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={832} }
 @article{burnette_2010, title={Implicit theories of body weight: Entity beliefs can weigh you down}, volume={36}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77649264077&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0146167209359768}, abstractNote={ The current research extended the implicit theory approach to a weight management context and merged it with value expectancy theory. Three studies investigated the hypothesis that individuals are especially unlikely to self-regulate effectively after dieting setbacks when they believe body weight to be fixed ( entity theory) rather than malleable ( incremental theory). Study 1 examined avoidant coping after a hypothetical dieting setback. Study 2 examined the implicit theory—avoidant coping relation after naturally occurring challenges to participants’ weight-loss goals. Across both studies, entity theorists, relative to incremental theorists, reported more avoidant coping after setbacks. In Study 2, avoidant coping, in turn, predicted difficulty achieving weight-loss success. Study 3 manipulated implicit theories of weight to test the causal effects of implicit theories on effortful regulation. Entity theorists, relative to incremental theorists, reported less persistence following setbacks. Across the three studies, expectations about the potential for future dieting success mediated the link between implicit theory and self-regulation. }, number={3}, journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin}, author={Burnette, J.L.}, year={2010}, pages={410–422} }
 @article{burnette_pollack_hoyt_2010, title={Individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and self-efficacy: Predicting responses to stereotype threat}, volume={3}, ISSN={1935-2611 1935-262X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jls.20138}, DOI={10.1002/jls.20138}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Leadership Studies}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2010}, month={Sep}, pages={46–56} }
 @article{burnette_franiuk_2010, title={Individual differences in implicit theories of relationships and partner fit: Predicting forgiveness in developing relationships}, volume={48}, ISSN={0191-8869}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.09.011}, DOI={10.1016/j.paid.2009.09.011}, abstractNote={Extending past research on implicit theories of relationships (ITRs), we investigated how the role played by partner fit in predicting forgiveness varies as a function of individual differences in beliefs about the nature of relationships. We focused on developing relationships (MDuration = 2 months) to examine our proposed hypothesis that strong soulmate theorists, relative to weak soulmate theorists, rely heavily on information about partner fit in deciding whether to forgive. In contrast, work-it-out theorists' decisions about forgiveness do not vary as a function of partner fit. Results supported predictions. Soulmate beliefs, but not work-it-out beliefs, moderated the relation between partner fit and forgiveness. This research suggests that in developing relationships, individual differences in soulmate theories influence the role played by partner evaluations in the forgiveness process. Implications for relationship satisfaction and longevity are discussed.}, number={2}, journal={Personality and Individual Differences}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Franiuk, Renae}, year={2010}, month={Jan}, pages={144–148} }
 @inbook{allison_burnette_2009, title={Fairness and Preference for Underdogs and Top Dogs}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85121892271&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.4324/9780203888537-22}, booktitle={Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments}, author={Allison, S.T. and Burnette, J.L.}, year={2009}, pages={291–314} }
 @inbook{allison_burnette_2009, title={Fairness and preference for underdogs and top dogs}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052492536&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.4324/9780203888537}, abstractNote={A.P. Brief, J.P. Walsh, Series Foreword. R.M. Kramer, A.E. Tenbrunsel, M.H. Bazerman, Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments: Touchpoints and Touchdowns in a Distinguished Scholarly Career. Part 1. Social Dilemmas. C.D. Samuelson, K. Watrous-Rodriguez, Group Discussion and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas: Does the Medium Matter? E. van Dijk, A. Wit, H. Wilke, E.W. de Kwaadsteniet, On the Importance of Equality in Social Dilemmas. P.A.M. Van Lange, J.A. Joireman, Social and Temporal Orientations in Social Dilemmas. A.E. Tenbrunsel, G. Northcraft, In the Eye of the Beholder: Payoff Structures and Decision Frames in Social Dilemmas. R.M. Kramer, Dilemmas and Doubts: How Decision Makers Cope with Interdependence and Uncertainty. Part 2. Social Values, Social Control, and Cooperation. G.P. Shelley, M. Page, P. Rives, E. Yeagley, D.M. Kuhlman, Nonverbal Communication and Detection of Individual Differences in Social Value Orientation. T. Boles, H. Le, H. Nguyen, Persons, Organizations, and Societies: The Effects of Collectivism and Individualism on Cooperation. J.L. Grzelak, D.M. Kuhlman, E. Yeagley, J.A. Joireman, Attraction to Prospective Dyadic Relationships: Effects of Fate Control, Reflexive Control, and Partner's Trustworthiness. Part 3. Ethical Judgments, Fairness, and Equality. F. Gino, D.A. Moore, M.H. Bazerman, See No Evil: When We Overlook Other People's Unethical Behavior. K. Gibson, J.K. Murnighan, From Theory to Practice: Messick and Morality. S.T. Allison, J.L. Burnette, Fairness and Preference for Underdogs and Topdogs. S. Desal, A.P. Brief, J.George, Meaner Managers: A Consequence of Income Inequality. Part 4. Commentary and Reflections. R. Dawes, Appreciation for Professor David M. Messick: Peanuts, Ping Pong, and Naivete. D. Messick, Retrospection on a Career in Social Psychology.}, booktitle={Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments}, author={Allison, S.T. and Burnette, J.L.}, year={2009}, pages={291–314} }
 @article{burnette_davis_green_worthington_bradfield_2009, title={Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy, and forgiveness}, volume={46}, ISSN={0191-8869}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016}, DOI={10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016}, abstractNote={The authors investigated the associations between attachment, empathy, rumination, forgiveness, and depressive symptoms via the framework of attachment theory. Participants (N = 221; 141 F and 80 M) completed a battery of questionnaires. We hypothesized that (a) anxious and avoidant attachment would be negatively linked to dispositional forgiveness; (b) the anxious attachment–forgiveness link would be mediated through excessive rumination; (c) the avoidance attachment–forgiveness link would be mediated through lack of empathy; and (d) the insecure attachment–depression relation would, in turn, be partially mediated by the forgiveness process. SEM modeling confirmed these propositions, revealing the potential deleterious outcomes associated with insecure attachment and unforgiving responses to offenses.}, number={3}, journal={Personality and Individual Differences}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Davis, Don E. and Green, Jeffrey D. and Worthington, Everett L., Jr. and Bradfield, Erin}, year={2009}, month={Feb}, pages={276–280} }
 @article{burnette_forsyth_2008, title={"I didn't do it:" Responsibility biases in open and closed groups.}, volume={12}, ISSN={1930-7802 1089-2699}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.12.3.210}, DOI={10.1037/1089-2699.12.3.210}, abstractNote={Group members often take more responsibility for the group’s outcomes than others give to them. Extending evidence that egocentrism can be muted when group members are individuated (the “unpacking effect”), the authors predicted that members of open groups would be less egocentric than members of closed groups. In open groups, the possibility of membership fluctuation reduces collectiveness, breaking the group into individuals, which in turn lessens egocentrism. The authors tested these predictions in a study of groups of students working on a task relevant to their academic success. Members claimed more personal responsibility when they worked in closed groups relative to open groups (egocentrism), and lack of cohesion mediated the open- versus closed-group link to responsibility allocations. Moreover, members of open groups did not take more responsibility after a success than a failure, whereas those in closed, successful groups claimed more credit than members of failure groups (self-serving bias). The discussion suggests that open groups, although often thought to create conflict as members compete, may contribute to a reduction in both egocentrism and self-serving responsibility allocations.}, number={3}, journal={Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Forsyth, Donelson R.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={210–222} }
 @article{green_burnette_davis_2008, title={Third-party forgiveness: (Not) forgiving your close other's betrayer}, volume={34}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38949107443&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0146167207311534}, abstractNote={ Building on attribution and interdependence theories, two experiments tested the hypothesis that close friends of victims (third parties) are less forgiving than the victims themselves (first parties). In Experiment 1, individuals imagined a scenario in which either their romantic partner or the romantic partner of a close friend committed the identical relationship offense. Third parties were less forgiving than first parties, a phenomenon we termed the third-party forgiveness effect. This effect was mediated by attributions about the perpetrator's intentions and responsibility for the offense. In Experiment 2, first and third parties reported an actual offense and their subsequent unforgiving motivations. The third-party forgiveness effect was replicated and was mediated by commitment to the perpetrator. Perpetrator apology or amends to the victim increased third-party forgiveness. Future third-party research can expand interpersonal forgiveness research beyond the victim-perpetrator dyad. }, number={3}, journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin}, author={Green, J.D. and Burnette, J.L. and Davis, J.L.}, year={2008}, pages={407–418} }
 @article{burnette_taylor_worthington_forsyth_2007, title={Attachment and trait forgivingness: The mediating role of angry rumination}, volume={42}, ISSN={0191-8869}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.033}, DOI={10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.033}, abstractNote={Integrating theories of attachment and forgiveness, we predicted that secure attachment reduces angry rumination and promotes forgiveness. To examine this prediction, in Study 1 (n = 213), participants completed the Experience in Close Relationships Scale (ECR; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998) and the Trait Forgiveness Scale (TFS; Berry, Worthington, O'Connor, Parrott, & Wade, 2005). Individuals who were classified as securely attached displayed greater dispositional forgivingness than did insecurely attached individuals. In Study 2 (n = 218) we included the Dissipation-Rumination Scale (DRS; Caprara, 1986). Results from Study 2 replicated the association between attachment security and greater dispositional forgivingness and confirmed the mediating role of angry rumination in the attachment–forgivingness relation.}, number={8}, journal={Personality and Individual Differences}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Taylor, Kelli W. and Worthington, Everett L. and Forsyth, Donelson R.}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={1585–1596} }
 @article{forsyth_lawrence_burnette_baumeister_2007, title={Attempting to improve the academic performance of struggling college students by bolstering their self-esteem: An intervention that backfired}, volume={26}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35648968541&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1521/jscp.2007.26.4.447}, abstractNote={Abstract Theory and prior research suggest that (a) a positive sense of self–worth and (b) perceived control over one's outcomes facilitate constructive responses to negative outcomes. We therefore predicted that encouraging students to maintain their sense of self–worth and/or construe their academic outcomes as controllable would promote achievement. In a field experiment, low–performing students in a psychology class were randomly assigned to receive, each week, review questions, review questions plus self–esteem bolstering, or review questions plus exhortations to assume responsibility and control. Contrary to predictions, the D and F students got worse as a result of self–esteem bolstering and students in the other conditions did not change. These findings raise ethical and practical questions about the widespread practice of bolstering self–esteem in the hope of improving academic performance.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology}, author={Forsyth, D.R. and Lawrence, N.K. and Burnette, J.L. and Baumeister, R.F.}, year={2007}, pages={447–459} }
 @article{burnette_2007, title={How to Break Murphy's Law: Be an Optimist, but One Who Brings an
						Umbrella}, volume={52}, ISSN={1554-0138}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0006516}, DOI={10.1037/a0006516}, number={33}, journal={PsycCRITIQUES}, publisher={Portico}, author={Burnette, Jeni L.}, editor={Wedding, DannyEditor}, year={2007} }
 @article{burnette_pollack_2007, title={Reaching the Summit Is Only Half of the Goal: When Group Decision Making
                        Goes Bad}, volume={52}, ISSN={1554-0138}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0007559}, DOI={10.1037/a0007559}, number={28}, journal={PsycCRITIQUES}, publisher={Portico}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M.}, editor={Wedding, DannyEditor}, year={2007} }
 @article{finkel_burnette_scissors_2007, title={Vengefully ever after: Destiny beliefs, state attachment anxiety, and forgiveness.}, volume={92}, ISSN={1939-1315 0022-3514}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.871}, DOI={10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.871}, abstractNote={Two studies examined how destiny beliefs (that potential relationships are or are not "meant to be") interact with state attachment anxiety to predict forgiveness tendencies. In Study 1, participants experienced an experimental manipulation of attachment anxiety (vs. security) before indicating the degree to which they would forgive a series of hypothetical partner offenses. In Study 2, participants reported every 2 weeks for 6 months (14 waves in total) on offenses enacted by their partner and indicated the degree to which they forgave the partner, both concurrently and 2 weeks later. Consistent with predictions, results revealed Destiny Beliefs x State Attachment Anxiety interaction effects: Strong (relative to weak) destiny beliefs predicted reduced forgiveness tendencies for individuals experiencing state attachment anxiety, but such beliefs were not associated with forgiveness for individuals experiencing state attachment security. Results from Study 2 suggest that this interaction effect was significantly mediated through trust in the partner.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Personality and Social Psychology}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Finkel, Eli J. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Scissors, Lauren E.}, year={2007}, pages={871–886} }