@inproceedings{li_kleinstreuer_feng_2012, title={Computational analysis of thermal performance and entropy generation of nanofluid flow in microchannels}, booktitle={Proceedings of the ASME Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer International Conference, 2012}, author={Li, J. and Kleinstreuer, C. and Feng, Y.}, year={2012}, pages={135–144} }
 @article{li_sheeran_kleinstreuer_2011, title={Analysis of Multi-Layer Immiscible Fluid Flow in a Microchannel}, volume={133}, ISSN={["1528-901X"]}, DOI={10.1115/1.4005134}, abstractNote={The development of microfluidics platforms in recent years has led to an increase in the number of applications involving the flow of multiple immiscible layers of viscous electrolyte fluids. In this study, numerical results as well as analytic equations for velocity and shear stress profiles were derived for N layers with known viscosities, assuming steady laminar flow in a microchannel driven by pressure and/or electro-static (Coulomb) forces. Numerical simulation results, using a commercial software package, match analytical results for fully-developed flow. Entrance flow effects with centered fluid-layer shrinking were studied as well. Specifically, cases with larger viscosities in the inner layers show a very good agreement with experimental correlations for the dimensionless entrance length as a function of inlet Reynolds number. However, significant deviations may occur for multilayer flows with smaller viscosities in the inner layers. A correlation was deduced for the two-layer electroosmotic flow and the pressure driven flow, both being more complex when compared with single-layer flows. The impact of using power-law fluids on resulting velocity profiles has also been explored and compared to Newtonian fluid flows. The present model readily allows for an exploration of the impact of design choices on velocity profiles, shear stress, and channel distribution in multilayer microchannel flows as a function of layered viscosity distribution and type of driving force.}, number={11}, journal={JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME}, author={Li, Jie and Sheeran, Paul S. and Kleinstreuer, Clement}, year={2011}, month={Nov} }
 @article{li_kleinstreuer_2009, title={Microfluidics analysis of nanoparticle mixing in a microchannel system}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1613-4990"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10404-008-0341-1}, number={5}, journal={MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS}, author={Li, Jie and Kleinstreuer, Clement}, year={2009}, month={May}, pages={661–668} }
 @article{kleinstreuer_li_2008, title={Discussion: "Effects of various parameters on nanotluid thermal conductivity" ( Jang, S.P., and Choi, S.D.S., 2007, ASME J. heat transfer, 129, pp. 617-623)}, volume={130}, ISSN={["1528-8943"]}, DOI={10.1115/1.2812307}, abstractNote={In a series of articles, Jang and Choi 1–3 listed and explained heir effective thermal conductivity keff model for nanofluids. or example, in the 2004 article 1 , they constructed a keff correation for dilute liquid suspensions interestingly, based on kinetic as theory as well as nanosize boundary-layer theory, the Kapitza esistance, and nanoparticle-induced convection. Three mechaisms contributing to keff were summed up, i.e., base-fluid and anoparticle conductions as well as convection due to random otion of the liquid molecules. Thus, after an order-of-magnitude nalysis, their effective thermal conductivity model of nanofluids eads}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME}, author={Kleinstreuer, C. and Li, Jie}, year={2008}, month={Feb} }
 @article{kleinstreuer_li_koo_2008, title={Microfluidics of nano-drug delivery}, volume={51}, ISSN={["1879-2189"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.04.043}, abstractNote={After a brief review of microfluidics, a bio-MEMS application in terms of nanofluid flow in microchannels is presented. Specifically, the transient 3-D problem of controlled nano-drug delivery in a heated microchannel has been numerically solved to gain new physical insight and to determine suitable geometric and operational system parameters. Computer model accuracy was verified via numerical tests and comparisons with benchmark experimental data sets. The overall design goals of near-uniform nano-drug concentration at the microchannel exit plane and desired mixture fluid temperature were achieved with computer experiments considering different microchannel lengths, nanoparticle diameters, channel flow rates, wall heat flux areas, and nanofluid supply rates. Such micro-systems, featuring controlled transport processes for optimal nano-drug delivery, are important in laboratory-testing of predecessors of implantable smart devices as well as for analyzing pharmaceuticals and performing biomedical precision tasks.}, number={23-24}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER}, author={Kleinstreuer, Clement and Li, Jie and Koo, Junemo}, year={2008}, month={Nov}, pages={5590–5597} }
 @article{li_kleinstreuer_2008, title={Thermal performance of nanofluid flow in microchannels}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1879-2278"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.01.005}, abstractNote={Two effective thermal conductivity models for nanofluids were compared in detail, where the new KKL (Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li) model, based on Brownian motion induced micro-mixing, achieved good agreements with the currently available experimental data sets. Employing the commercial Navier–Stokes solver CFX-10 (Ansys Inc., Canonsburg, PA) and user-supplied pre- and post-processing software, the thermal performance of nanofluid flow in a trapezoidal microchannel was analyzed using pure water as well as a nanofluid, i.e., CuO–water, with volume fractions of 1% and 4% CuO-particles with dp = 28.6 nm. The results show that nanofluids do measurably enhance the thermal performance of microchannel mixture flow with a small increase in pumping power. Specifically, the thermal performance increases with volume fraction; but, the extra pressure drop, or pumping power, will somewhat decrease the beneficial effects. Microchannel heat sinks with nanofluids are expected to be good candidates for the next generation of cooling devices.}, number={4}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW}, author={Li, Jie and Kleinstreuer, Clement}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={1221–1232} }
 @article{zheng_basciano_li_kuznetsov_2007, title={Fluid dynamics of cell cytokinesis - Numerical analysis of intracellular flow during cell division}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1879-0178"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2006.09.005}, abstractNote={Intracellular flow of cytoplasmic fluid during cell cytokinesis is investigated. The intercellular bridge connecting two daughter cells is modeled as a cylindrical microchannel whose squeezing causes cytoplasmic flow inside the bridge itself and into the daughter cells. An equation from recent experimental measurements by Zhang and Robinson [W. Zhang, D.N. Robinson, Balance of actively generated contractile and resistive forces controls cytokinesis dynamics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (2005) 7186–7191.] that governs the dynamics of bridge thinning is implemented in this model. The purpose of this research is to compute intracellular flow induced by the bridge thinning process. Two different types of boundary conditions are compared at the membrane–cytoplasm interface; these are a no-slip condition and a no tangential stress condition. Pressure and flow velocity distributions in the daughter cells and the force exerted by this flow on the daughter cell nucleus are computed. It is established that the pressure difference between the daughter cell and the intercellular bridge increases as time progresses. It is also observed that a region of stagnation develops on the downstream side of the nucleus as the bridge thins.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER}, author={Zheng, F. and Basciano, C. and Li, J. and Kuznetsov, A. V.}, year={2007}, month={Jan}, pages={1–7} }
 @inbook{kleinstreuer_li_feng, title={Computational analysis of enhanced cooling performance and pressure drop for nanofluid flow
in microchannels}, ISBN={9781439861929}, booktitle={Advanced in numerical heat transfer}, publisher={Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group}, author={Kleinstreuer, C. and Li, J. and Feng, Y.}, editor={W.J. Minkowycz, E. M. and Sparrow and Abraham, J. P.Editors}, pages={250–273} }