@article{jeffries_gomez_macdonald_gamcsik_2022, title={Direct Detection of Glutathione Biosynthesis, Conjugation, Depletion and Recovery in Intact Hepatoma Cells}, volume={23}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, DOI={10.3390/ijms23094733}, abstractNote={Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to monitor glutathione metabolism in alginate-encapsulated JM-1 hepatoma cells perfused with growth media containing [3,3′-13C2]-cystine. After 20 h of perfusion with labeled medium, the 13C NMR spectrum is dominated by the signal from the 13C-labeled glutathione. Once 13C-labeled, the high intensity of the glutathione resonance allows the acquisition of subsequent spectra in 1.2 min intervals. At this temporal resolution, the detailed kinetics of glutathione metabolism can be monitored as the thiol alkylating agent monobromobimane (mBBr) is added to the perfusate. The addition of a bolus dose of mBBr results in rapid diminution of the resonance for 13C-labeled glutathione due to a loss of this metabolite through alkylation by mBBr. As the glutathione resonance decreases, a new resonance due to the production of intracellular glutathione-bimane conjugate is detectable. After clearance of the mBBr dose from the cells, intracellular glutathione repletion is then observed by a restoration of the 13C-glutathione signal along with wash-out of the conjugate. These data demonstrate that standard NMR techniques can directly monitor intracellular processes such as glutathione depletion with a time resolution of approximately < 2 min.}, number={9}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Jeffries, Rex E. and Gomez, Shawn M. and Macdonald, Jeffrey M. and Gamcsik, Michael P.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{niemuth_harms_macdonald_stoskopf_2018, title={Propylene Glycol in Free-Ranging Green Sea Turtle Plasma}, volume={9}, ISSN={1944-687X 1944-687X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/122017-JFWM-099}, DOI={10.3996/122017-JFWM-099}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management}, publisher={U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service}, author={Niemuth, Jennifer N. and Harms, Craig A. and Macdonald, Jeffrey M. and Stoskopf, Michael K.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={617–623} }
 @article{tech_tikunov_farooq_morrissy_meidinger_fish_green_liu_li_mungall_et al._2017, title={Pyruvate Kinase Inhibits Proliferation during Postnatal Cerebellar Neurogenesis and Suppresses Medulloblastoma Formation}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1538-7445"]}, DOI={10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3304}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={CANCER RESEARCH}, author={Tech, Katherine and Tikunov, Andrey P. and Farooq, Hamza and Morrissy, A. Sorana and Meidinger, Jessica and Fish, Taylor and Green, Sarah C. and Liu, Hedi and Li, Yisu and Mungall, Andrew J. and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={3217–3230} }
 @article{thelwall_simpson_rabbani_clark_pourdeyhimi_macdonald_blackband_gamcsik_2012, title={In vivo MR studies of glycine and glutathione metabolism in a rat mammary tumor}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0952-3480"]}, DOI={10.1002/nbm.1745}, abstractNote={The metabolism of glycine into glutathione was monitored noninvasively in vivo in intact rat mammary adenocarcinomas (R3230Ac) by MRI and MRS. Metabolism was tracked by following the isotope label from intravenously infused [2‐13C]‐glycine into the glycinyl residue of glutathione. Signals from [2‐13C]‐glycine and γ‐glutamylcysteinyl‐[2‐13C]‐glycine (13C‐glutathione) were detected by nonlocalized 13C spectroscopy, as these resonances are distinct from background signals. In addition, using spectroscopic imaging methods, heterogeneity in the in vivo tumor distribution of glutathione was observed. In vivo spectroscopy also detected isotope incorporation from [2‐13C]‐glycine into both the 2‐ and 3‐carbons of serine. Analyses of tumor tissue extracts showed single‐ and multiple‐label incorporation from [2‐13C]‐glycine into serine from metabolism through the serine hydroxymethyltransferase and glycine cleavage system pathways. Mass spectrometric analysis of extracts also showed that isotope‐labeled serine is further metabolized via the trans‐sulfuration pathway, as 13C isotope labels appear in both the glycinyl and cysteinyl residues of glutathione. Our studies demonstrate the use of MRI and MRS for the monitoring of tumor metabolic processes central to oxidative stress defense. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.}, number={2}, journal={NMR IN BIOMEDICINE}, author={Thelwall, Peter E. and Simpson, Nicholas E. and Rabbani, Zahid N. and Clark, M. Daniel and Pourdeyhimi, Roxana and Macdonald, Jeffrey M. and Blackband, Stephen J. and Gamcsik, Michael P.}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={271–278} }
 @article{grahl_puttikamonkul_macdonald_gamcsik_ngo_hohl_cramer_2011, title={In vivo hypoxia and a fungal alcohol dehydrogenase influence the pathogenesis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis}, volume={7}, number={7}, journal={PLoS Pathogens}, author={Grahl, N. and Puttikamonkul, S. and Macdonald, J. M. and Gamcsik, M. P. and Ngo, L. Y. and Hohl, T. M. and Cramer, R. A.}, year={2011} }