@misc{spears_brandao_heldt_2022, title={INVITED REVIEW: Assessing trace mineral status in ruminants, and factors that affect measurements of trace mineral status}, volume={38}, ISSN={["2590-2865"]}, DOI={10.15232/aas.2021-02232}, number={3}, journal={APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Spears, J. W. and Brandao, V. L. N. and Heldt, J.}, year={2022}, month={Jun}, pages={252–267} }
 @article{guimaraes_wagner_spears_brandao_engle_2022, title={Trace mineral source influences digestion, ruminal fermentation, and ruminal copper, zinc, and manganese distribution in steers fed a diet suitable for lactating dairy cows}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1751-732X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.animal.2022.100500}, number={4}, journal={ANIMAL}, author={Guimaraes, O. and Wagner, J. J. and Spears, J. W. and Brandao, V. L. N. and Engle, T. E.}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{fellner_durosoy_kromm_spears_2021, title={Effects of supplemental zinc on ruminal fermentation in continuous cultures}, volume={37}, ISSN={2590-2865}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15232/aas.2020-02104}, DOI={10.15232/aas.2020-02104}, number={1}, journal={Applied Animal Science}, publisher={American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists}, author={Fellner, V. and Durosoy, S. and Kromm, V. and Spears, J.W.}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={27–32} }
 @article{guimaraes_jalali_wagner_spears_engle_2021, title={Trace mineral source impacts rumen trace mineral metabolism and fiber digestion in steers fed a medium-quality grass hay diet}, volume={99}, ISSN={["1525-3163"]}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skab220}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Guimaraes, Octavio and Jalali, Sam and Wagner, John J. and Spears, Jerry W. and Engle, Terry Eugene}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{spears_siciliano_pratt-phillips_lloyd_goertzen_krafka_hyda_rounds_2020, title={Chromium propionate improves insulin sensitivity in horses following oral concentrate consumption}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa278.160}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Spears, Jerry W. and Siciliano, Paul and Pratt-Phillips, Shannon and Lloyd, Karen and Goertzen, Ellen and Krafka, Kristi and Hyda, Jill and Rounds, Whitney}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={88–88} }
 @article{spears_lloyd_siciliano_pratt-phillips_goertzen_mcleod_moore_krafka_hyda_rounds_2020, title={Chromium propionate increases insulin sensitivity in horses following oral and intravenous carbohydrate administration}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa095}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Spears, Jerry W. and Lloyd, Karen E. and Siciliano, Paul and Pratt-Phillips, Shannon and Goertzen, Ellen W. and McLeod, Sarah J. and Moore, Jennifer and Krafka, Kristi and Hyda, Jill and Rounds, Whitney}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{jalali_lippolis_ahola_wagner_spears_couch_engle_2020, title={Influence of supplemental copper, manganese, and zinc source on reproduction, mineral status, and performance in a grazing beef cow-calf herd over a 2-year period}, volume={36}, ISBN={2590-2865}, DOI={10.15232/aas.2020-01982}, number={5}, journal={APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Jalali, S. and Lippolis, K. D. and Ahola, J. K. and Wagner, J. J. and Spears, J. W. and Couch, D. and Engle, T. E.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={745–753} }
 @article{guimaraes_wagner_spears_engle_2020, title={Influence of trace mineral source on digestion, ruminal volatile fatty acid and soluble mineral on steers fed a dairy type diet balanced to meet requirements for a high producing lactating dairy cow}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa054.231}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Guimaraes, Octavio and Wagner, John and Spears, Jerry and Engle, Terry}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={133–133} }
 @article{huang_luo_xiao_lin_spears_2020, title={Research Note: Responses of growth performance, immune traits, and small intestinal morphology to dietary supplementation of chromium propionate in heat-stressed broilers}, volume={99}, ISBN={1525-3171}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.005}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.005}, number={10}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Huang, Y.L. and Luo, Q.H. and Xiao, F. and Lin, X. and Spears, J.W.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={5070–5073} }
 @article{spears_2020, title={Ruminal microbiota mineral requirements to optimize performance on different diets}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa054.243}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Spears, Jerry W.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={139–139} }
 @article{guimaraes_loh_thorndykel_tillquistl_spears_engle_2020, title={The influence of trace mineral source on copper, manganese, and zinc binding strength to rumen digesta in cattle fed a high forage-based diet}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa278.772}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Guimaraes, Octavio and Loh, Huey Yi and Thorndykel, Meghan P. and Tillquistl, Nicole M. and Spears, Jerry W. and Engle, Terry E.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={443–443} }
 @article{guimaraes_loh_thorndyke_tillquist_spears_engle_2020, title={The influence of trace minerals source on copper, manganese, and zinc binding strength to rumen digesta in cattle fed a corn silage-based diet}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa278.771}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Guimaraes, Octavio and Loh, Huey Yi and Thorndyke, Meghan P. and Tillquist, Nicole M. and Spears, Jerry W. and Engle, Terry E.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={442–442} }
 @article{spears_2019, title={Boron, Chromium, Manganese, and Nickel in Agricultural Animal Production}, volume={188}, DOI={10.1007/s12011-018-1529-1}, number={1}, journal={BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH}, author={Spears, Jerry W.}, year={2019}, pages={35–44} }
 @article{spears_lloyd_pickworth_huang_krafka_hyda_grimes_2019, title={Chromium propionate in broilers: human food and broiler safety}, volume={98}, ISBN={1525-3171}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez444}, DOI={10.3382/ps/pez444}, number={12}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Spears, J.W. and Lloyd, K.E. and Pickworth, C.A. and Huang, Y.L. and Krafka, K. and Hyda, J. and Grimes, J.L.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={6579–6585} }
 @article{budde_sellins_lloyd_wagner_heldt_spears_engle_2019, title={Effect of zinc source and concentration and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics in feedlot steers}, volume={97}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skz016}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Budde, Ashley M. and Sellins, Karen and Lloyd, Karen E. and Wagner, John J. and Heldt, Jeff S. and Spears, Jerry W. and Engle, Terry E.}, year={2019}, month={Mar}, pages={1286–1295} }
 @article{caldera_weigel_kucharczyk_sellins_archibeque_wagner_han_spears_engle_2019, title={Trace mineral source influences ruminal distribution of copper and zinc and their binding strength to ruminal digesta}, volume={97}, ISBN={1525-3163}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skz072}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Caldera, Emmanuel and Weigel, Brittney and Kucharczyk, Vicky N. and Sellins, Karen S. and Archibeque, Shawn L. and Wagner, John J. and Han, Hyungchul and Spears, Jerry W. and Engle, Terry E.}, year={2019}, month={Apr}, pages={1852–1864} }
 @article{shaeffer_lloyd_spears_2017, title={Bioavailability of zinc hydroxychloride relative to zinc sulfate in growing cattle fed a corn-cottonseed hull-based diet}, volume={232}, DOI={10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.07.013}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Shaeffer, G. L. and Lloyd, K. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2017}, pages={1–5} }
 @article{spears_lloyd_krafka_2017, title={Chromium concentrations in ruminant feed ingredients}, volume={100}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2016-12153}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E. and Krafka, K.}, year={2017}, pages={3584–3590} }
 @article{brooks_grimes_lloyd_krafka_lamptey_spears_2016, title={Chromium propionate in broilers: Effect on insulin sensitivity}, volume={95}, DOI={10.3382/ps/pew018}, number={5}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Brooks, M. A. and Grimes, J. L. and Lloyd, K. E. and Krafka, K. and Lamptey, A. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2016}, pages={1096–1104} }
 @article{li_hansen_borst_spears_moeser_2016, title={Dietary iron deficiency and oversupplementation increase intestinal permeability, ion transport, and inflammation in pigs}, volume={146}, DOI={10.3945/jn.116.231621}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Li, Y. H. and Hansen, S. L. and Borst, Luke and Spears, J. W. and Moeser, A. J.}, year={2016}, pages={1499–1505} }
 @article{xiao_ao_zhou_spears_lin_huang_2016, title={Effects of Supplemental Chromium Propionate on Serum Lipids, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Heat-Stressed Broilers}, volume={176}, ISSN={0163-4984 1559-0720}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0852-7}, DOI={10.1007/s12011-016-0852-7}, number={2}, journal={Biological Trace Element Research}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Xiao, Fang and Ao, Degulina and Zhou, Bo and Spears, Jerry W and Lin, Xi and Huang, Yanling}, year={2016}, month={Sep}, pages={401–406} }
 @inproceedings{spears_2016, title={History of chromium and its relationship to glucose metabolism}, booktitle={2016 Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={2016}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{huang_ashwell_fry_lloyd_flowers_spears_2015, title={Effect of dietary copper amount and source on copper metabolism and oxidative stress of weanling pigs in short-term feeding}, volume={93}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2014-8082}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Huang, Y. L. and Ashwell, M. S. and Fry, R. S. and Lloyd, K. E. and Flowers, W. L. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2015}, pages={2948–2955} }
 @article{brooks_grimes_lloyd_verissimo_spears_2013, title={Bioavailability in chicks of zinc from zinc propionate}, volume={22}, DOI={10.3382/japr.2012-00525}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Applied Poultry Research}, author={Brooks, M. A. and Grimes, J. L. and Lloyd, K. E. and Verissimo, S. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2013}, pages={153–159} }
 @article{huang_wang_spears_lin_guo_2013, title={Effect of copper on performance, carcass characteristics, and muscle fatty acid composition of meat goat kids}, volume={91}, ISSN={0021-8812 1525-3163}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-5820}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2012-5820}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Huang, Y. L. and Wang, Y. and Spears, J. W. and Lin, X. and Guo, C. H.}, year={2013}, month={Oct}, pages={5004–5010} }
 @article{fry_spears_lloyd_o'nan_ashwell_2013, title={Effect of dietary copper and breed on gene products involved in copper acquisition, distribution, and use in Angus and Simmental cows and fetuses}, volume={91}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2011-3888}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Fry, R. S. and Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E. and O'Nan, A. T. and Ashwell, M. S.}, year={2013}, pages={861–871} }
 @article{robbins_artuso-ponte_moeser_morrow_spears_gebreyes_2013, title={Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance, shedding of organisms, and gastrointestinal tract integrity in pigs inoculated with multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp}, volume={74}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.74.12.1530}, number={12}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, author={Robbins, R. C. and Artuso-Ponte, V. C. and Moeser, A. J. and Morrow, W. E. M. and Spears, J. W. and Gebreyes, W. A.}, year={2013}, pages={1530–1535} }
 @article{fry_ashwell_lloyd_o'nan_flowers_stewart_spears_2012, title={Amount and source of dietary copper affects small intestine morphology, duodenal lipid peroxidation, hepatic oxidative stress, and mRNA expression of hepatic copper regulatory proteins in weanling pigs}, volume={90}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2011-4403}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Fry, R. S. and Ashwell, M. S. and Lloyd, K. E. and O'Nan, A. T. and Flowers, W. L. and Stewart, K. R. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2012}, pages={3112–3119} }
 @article{spears_whisnant_huntington_lloyd_fry_krafka_lamptey_hyda_2012, title={Chromium propionate enhances insulin sensitivity in growing cattle}, volume={95}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2011-4845}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Whisnant, C. S. and Huntington, G. B. and Lloyd, K. E. and Fry, R. S. and Krafka, K. and Lamptey, A. and Hyda, J.}, year={2012}, pages={2037–2045} }
 @article{brooks_grimes_lloyd_valdez_spears_2012, title={Relative bioavailability in chicks of manganese from manganese propionate}, volume={21}, DOI={10.3382/japr.2011-00331}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Poultry Research}, author={Brooks, M. A. and Grimes, J. L. and Lloyd, K. E. and Valdez, F. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2012}, pages={126–130} }
 @article{fry_brown_lloyd_hansen_legleiter_robarge_spears_2011, title={Effect of dietary boron on physiological responses in growing steers inoculated with bovine herpesvirus type-1}, volume={90}, DOI={10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.04.016}, number={1}, journal={Research in Veterinary Science}, author={Fry, R. S. and Brown, T. T. and Lloyd, K. E. and Hansen, S. L. and Legleiter, L. R. and Robarge, W. P. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2011}, pages={78–83} }
 @article{ashwell_fry_spears_o'nan_maltecca_2011, title={Investigation of breed and sex effects on cytochrome P450 gene expression in cattle liver}, volume={90}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79951771053&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.05.029}, number={2}, journal={Research in Veterinary Science}, author={Ashwell, M. S. and Fry, R. S. and Spears, J. W. and O'Nan, A. T. and maltecca}, year={2011}, pages={235–237} }
 @article{spears_lloyd_fry_2011, title={Tolerance of cattle to increased dietary sulfur and effect of dietary cation-anion balance}, volume={89}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2010-3265}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E. and Fry, R. S.}, year={2011}, pages={2502–2509} }
 @article{hansen_trakooljul_spears_liu_2010, title={Age and dietary iron affect expression of genes involved in iron acquisition and homeostasis in young pigs}, volume={140}, DOI={10.3945/jn.109.112722}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Trakooljul, N. and Spears, J. W. and Liu, H. C.}, year={2010}, pages={271–277} }
 @article{nose_wood_kim_prohaska_fry_spears_thiele_2010, title={Ctr1 is an apical copper transporter in mammalian intestinal epithelial cells in vivo that is controlled at the level of protein stability}, volume={285}, DOI={10.1074/jbc.m110.143826}, number={42}, journal={Journal of Biological Chemistry}, author={Nose, Y. and Wood, L. K. and Kim, B. E. and Prohaska, J. R. and Fry, R. S. and Spears, J. W. and Thiele, D. J.}, year={2010}, pages={32385–32392} }
 @article{fry_lloyd_jacobi_siciliano_robarge_spears_2010, title={Effect of dietary boron on immune function in growing beef steers}, volume={94}, DOI={10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00906.x}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition}, author={Fry, R. S. and Lloyd, K. E. and Jacobi, S. K. and Siciliano, Paul and Robarge, W. P. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2010}, pages={273–279} }
 @article{lloyd_fellner_mcleod_fry_krafka_lamptey_spears_2010, title={Effects of supplementing dairy cows with chromium propionate on milk and tissue chromium concentrations}, volume={93}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2010-3198}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Lloyd, K. E. and Fellner, Vivek and McLeod, S. J. and Fry, R. S. and Krafka, K. and Lamptey, A. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2010}, pages={4774–4780} }
 @article{sexson_wagner_engle_spears_2010, title={Effects of water quality and dietary potassium on performance and carcass characteristics of yearling steers}, volume={88}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2009-1899}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Sexson, J. L. and Wagner, J. J. and Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2010}, pages={296–305} }
 @article{hansen_ashwell_moeser_fry_knutson_spears_2010, title={High dietary iron reduces transporters involved in iron and manganese metabolism and increases intestinal permeability in calves}, volume={93}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2009-2341}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Ashwell, M. S. and Moeser, A. J. and Fry, R. S. and Knutson, M. D. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2010}, pages={656–665} }
 @article{hansen_trakooljul_liu_hicks_ashwell_spears_2010, title={Proteins involved in iron metabolism in beef cattle are affected by copper deficiency in combination with high dietary manganese, but not by copper deficiency alone}, volume={88}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2009-1846}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Trakooljul, N. and Liu, H. C. S. and Hicks, J. A. and Ashwell, M. S. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2010}, pages={275–283} }
 @article{hansen_spears_2009, title={Bioaccessibility of iron from soil is increased by silage fermentation}, volume={92}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2008-1933}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2009}, pages={2896–2905} }
 @article{hansen_trakooljul_liu_moeser_spears_2009, title={Iron transporters are differentially regulated by dietary iron, and modifications are associated with changes in manganese metabolism in young pigs}, volume={139}, DOI={10.3945/jn.109.105866}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Trakooljul, N. and Liu, H. C. and Moeser, A. J. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2009}, pages={1474–1479} }
 @article{hepburn_arthington_hansen_spears_knutson_2009, title={Technical note: Copper chaperone for copper, zinc superoxide dismutase: A potential biomarker for copper status in cattle}, volume={87}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2009-1978}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Hepburn, J. J. and Arthington, J. D. and Hansen, S. L. and Spears, J. W. and Knutson, M. D.}, year={2009}, pages={4161–4166} }
 @article{hansen_ashwell_legleiter_fry_lloyd_spears_2009, title={The The addition of high manganese to a copper-deficient diet further depresses copper status and growth of cattle}, volume={101}, DOI={10.1017/S0007114508057589}, number={7}, journal={British Journal of Nutrition}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Ashwell, M. S. and Legleiter, L. R. and Fry, R. S. and Lloyd, K. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2009}, pages={1068–1078} }
 @article{hansen_schlegel_legleiter_lloyd_spears_2008, title={Bioavailability of copper from copper glycinate in steers fed high dietary sulfur and molybdenum}, volume={86}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2006-814}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Schlegel, P. and Legleiter, L. R. and Lloyd, K. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2008}, pages={173–179} }
 @article{legleiter_spears_liu_2008, title={Copper deficiency in the young bovine results in dramatic decreases in brain copper concentration but does not alter brain prion protein biology}, volume={86}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2007-0403}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Legleiter, L. R. and Spears, J. W. and Liu, H. C.}, year={2008}, pages={3069–3078} }
 @article{plumstead_leytem_maguire_spears_kwanyuen_brake_2008, title={Interaction of calcium and phytate in broiler diets. 1. Effects on apparent prececal digestibility and retention of phosphorus}, volume={87}, DOI={10.3382/ps.2007-00231}, number={3}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Plumstead, P. W. and Leytem, A. B. and Maguire, R. O. and Spears, J. W. and Kwanyuen, P. and Brake, J.}, year={2008}, pages={449–458} }
 @article{spears_weiss_2008, title={Role of antioxidants and trace elements in health and immunity of transition dairy cows}, volume={176}, DOI={10.1016/j.tvj1.2007.12.015}, number={1}, journal={Veterinary Journal}, author={Spears, J. W. and Weiss, W. P.}, year={2008}, pages={70–76} }
 @article{wright_spears_webb_2008, title={Uptake of zinc from zinc sulfate and zinc proteinate by ovine ruminal and omasal epithelia}, volume={86}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2006-650}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Wright, C. L. and Spears, J. W. and Webb, K. E.}, year={2008}, pages={1357–1363} }
 @article{legleiter_ahola_engle_spears_2007, title={Decreased brain copper due to copper deficiency has no effect on bovine prion proteins}, volume={352}, DOI={10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.11.108}, number={4}, journal={Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications}, author={Legleiter, L. R. and Ahola, J. K. and Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2007}, pages={884–888} }
 @article{plumstead_romero-sanchez_paton_spears_brake_2007, title={Effects of dietary metabolizable energy and protein on early growth responses of broilers to dietary lysine}, volume={86}, DOI={10.3382/ps.2007-00168}, number={12}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Plumstead, P. W. and Romero-Sanchez, H. and Paton, N. D. and Spears, J. W. and Brake, J.}, year={2007}, pages={2639–2648} }
 @article{arthington_spears_2007, title={Effects of tribasic copper chloride versus copper sulfate provided in corn- and molasses-based supplements on forage intake and copper status of beef heifers}, volume={85}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2006-518}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Arthington, J. D. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2007}, pages={871–876} }
 @article{legleiter_liu_lloyd_hansen_fry_spears_2007, title={Exposure to low dietary copper or low copper coupled with high dietary manganese for one year does not alter brain prion protein characteristics in the mature cow}, volume={85}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2007-0215}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Legleiter, L. R. and Liu, H. C. and Lloyd, K. E. and Hansen, S. L. and Fry, R. S. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2007}, pages={2895–2903} }
 @article{legleiter_spears_2007, title={Plasma diamine oxidase: A biomarker of copper deficiency in the bovine}, volume={85}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2006-841}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Legleiter, L. R. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2007}, pages={2198–2204} }
 @article{stahlhut_whisnant_lloyd_baird_legleiter_hansen_spears_2006, title={Effect of chromium supplementation and copper status on glucose and lipid metabolism in Angus and Simmental beef cows}, volume={128}, DOI={10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.11.002}, number={3-4}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Stahlhut, H. S. and Whisnant, C. S. and Lloyd, K. E. and Baird, E. J. and Legleiter, L. R. and Hansen, S. L. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2006}, pages={253–265} }
 @article{stahlhut_whisnant_spears_2006, title={Effect of chromium supplementation and copper status on performance and reproduction of beef cows}, volume={128}, DOI={10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.11.003}, number={3-4}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Stahlhut, H. S. and Whisnant, C. S. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2006}, pages={266–275} }
 @article{huntington_harmon_kristensen_hanson_spears_2006, title={Effects of a slow-release urea source on absorption of ammonia and endogenous production of urea by cattle}, volume={130}, DOI={10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.01.012}, number={3-4}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Huntington, G. B. and Harmon, D. L. and Kristensen, N. B. and Hanson, K. C. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2006}, pages={225–241} }
 @article{hansen_spears_lloyd_whisnant_2006, title={Feeding a low manganese diet to heifers during gestation impairs fetal growth and development}, volume={89}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72477-8}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E. and Whisnant, C. S.}, year={2006}, pages={4305–4311} }
 @article{hansen_spears_lloyd_whisnant_2006, title={Growth, reproductive performance, and manganese status of heifers fed varying concentrations of manganese}, volume={84}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2005-667}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Hansen, S. L. and Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E. and Whisnant, C. S.}, year={2006}, pages={3375–3380} }
 @article{tiffany_fellner_spears_2006, title={Influence of cobalt concentration on vitamin B-12 production and fermentation of mixed ruminal microorganisms grown in continuous culture flow-through fermentors}, volume={84}, DOI={10.2527/2006.843635x}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Tiffany, M. E. and Fellner, Vivek and Spears, J. W.}, year={2006}, pages={635–640} }
 @article{tiffany_spears_2005, title={Differential responses to dietary cobalt in finishing steers fed corn-versus barley-based diets}, volume={83}, DOI={10.2527/2005.83112580x}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Tiffany, M. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2005}, pages={2580–2589} }
 @article{legleiter_spears_lloyd_2005, title={Influence of dietary manganese on performance, lipid metabolism, and carcass composition of growing and finishing steers}, volume={83}, DOI={10.2527/2005.83102434x}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Legleiter, L. R. and Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E.}, year={2005}, pages={2434–2439} }
 @article{arthington_spears_miller_2005, title={The effect of early weaning on feedlot performance and measures of stress in beef calves}, volume={83}, DOI={10.2527/2005.834933x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Arthington, J. D. and Spears, J. W. and Miller, D. C.}, year={2005}, pages={933–939} }
 @article{spears_kegley_mullis_2004, title={Bioavailability of copper from tribasic copper chloride and copper sulfate in growing cattle}, volume={116}, DOI={10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.06.002}, number={02-Jan}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Spears, J. W. and Kegley, E. B. and Mullis, L. A.}, year={2004}, pages={13-} }
 @article{spears_schlegel_seal_lloyd_2004, title={Bioavailability of zinc from zinc sulfate and different organic zinc sources and their effects on ruminal volatile fatty acid proportions}, volume={90}, DOI={10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.05.001}, number={03-Feb}, journal={Livestock Production Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Schlegel, P. and Seal, M. C. and Lloyd, K. E.}, year={2004}, pages={211–217} }
 @article{armstrong_cook_ward_williams_spears_2004, title={Effect of dietary copper source (cupric citrate and,cupric sulfate) and concentration on growth performance and fecal copper excretion in weanling pigs}, volume={82}, DOI={10.1093/ansci/82.4.1234}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Cook, D. R. and Ward, M. M. and Williams, C. M. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2004}, pages={1234–1240} }
 @article{creech_spears_flowers_hill_lloyd_armstrong_engle_2004, title={Effect of dietary trace mineral concentration and source (inorganic vs. chelated) on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion in pigs from weaning through finishing}, volume={82}, DOI={10.2527/2004.8272140x}, number={7}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Creech, B. L. and Spears, J. W. and Flowers, W. L. and Hill, G. M. and Lloyd, K. E. and Armstrong, T. A. and Engle, T. E.}, year={2004}, pages={2140–2147} }
 @article{engle_spears_2004, title={Effect of finishing system (feedlot or pasture), high-oil maize, and copper on conjugated linoleic acid and other fatty acids in muscle of finishing steers}, volume={78}, number={2}, journal={Animal Science (Penicuik, Scotland)}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J.W.}, year={2004}, pages={261–269} }
 @article{wright_spears_2004, title={Effect of zinc source and dietary level on zinc metabolism in Holstein calves}, volume={87}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73254-3}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Wright, C. L. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2004}, pages={1085–1091} }
 @article{roberts_heugten_spears_routh_lloyd_almond_2004, title={Effects of dietary zinc on performance and immune response of growing pigs inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae}, volume={17}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.2004.1438}, number={10}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Roberts, E. S. and Heugten, E. Van and Spears, J. W. and Routh, P. A. and Lloyd, K. L. and Almond, Glen}, year={2004}, pages={1438–1446} }
 @article{van heugten_o'quinn_funderburke_flowers_spears_2004, title={Growth performance, carcass characteristics, plasma minerals, and fecal mineral excretion in grower-finisher swine fed diets with levels of trace minerals lower than common industry levels}, volume={12}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Swine Health and Production}, author={Van Heugten, E. and O'Quinn, P. R. and Funderburke, D. W. and Flowers, W. L. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2004}, pages={237–241} }
 @article{spears_2003, title={Advances in mineral nutrition for ruminants studied}, volume={75}, ISBN={0014-9624}, number={29}, journal={Feedstuffs}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={2003}, pages={12} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_2003, title={Effect of boron supplementation of pig diets on the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2527/2003.81102552x}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2003}, pages={2552–2561} }
 @article{arthington_pate_spears_2003, title={Effect of copper source and level on performance and copper status of cattle consuming molasses-based supplements}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2527/2003.8161357x}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Arthington, J. D. and Pate, F. M. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2003}, pages={1357–1362} }
 @article{mullis_spears_mccraw_2003, title={Effects of breed (Angus vs Simmental) and copper and zinc source on mineral status of steers fed high dietary iron}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2527/2003.811318x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Mullis, L. A. and Spears, J. W. and McCraw, R. L.}, year={2003}, pages={318–322} }
 @article{spears_engle_platter_lloyd_belk_horton_2003, title={Effects of high dietary calcium propionate and dietary cation-anion balance on calcium metabolism and longissimus muscle tenderness in finishing steers}, volume={19}, ISBN={1080-7446}, DOI={10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31461-3}, number={6}, journal={Professional Animal Scientists}, author={Spears, J. W. and Engle, T. E. and Platter, W. R. and Lloyd, K. E. and Belk, K. E. and Horton, J.}, year={2003}, pages={424} }
 @article{heugten_spears_kegley_ward_qureshi_2003, title={Effects of organic forms of zinc on growth performance, tissue zinc distribution, and immune response of weanling pigs}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2527/2003.8182063x}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Heugten, Eric and Spears, J. W. and Kegley, E. B. and Ward, J. D. and Qureshi, M. A.}, year={2003}, pages={2063–2071} }
 @article{mullis_spears_mccraw_2003, title={Estimated copper requirements of Angus and Simmental heifers}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2527/2003.814865x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Mullis, L. A. and Spears, J. W. and McCraw, R. L.}, year={2003}, pages={865–873} }
 @article{tiffany_spears_xi_horton_2003, title={Influence of dietary cobalt source and concentration on performance, vitamin B12 status, and ruminal and plasma metabolites in growing and finishing steers}, volume={81}, ISSN={0021-8812 1525-3163}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2003.81123151x}, DOI={10.2527/2003.81123151x}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Tiffany, M. E. and Spears, J. W. and Xi, L. and Horton, J.}, year={2003}, month={Dec}, pages={3151–3159} }
 @article{spears_2003, title={Trace mineral bioavailability in ruminants}, volume={133}, DOI={10.1093/jn/133.5.1506s}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={2003}, pages={1506S–1509} }
 @article{roberts_heugten_lloyd_almond_spears_2002, title={Dietary zinc effects on growth performance and immune response of endotoxemic growing pigs}, volume={15}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.2002.1496}, number={10}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Roberts, E. S. and Heugten, E. Van and Lloyd, K. and Almond, Glen and Spears, J. W.}, year={2002}, pages={1496–1501} }
 @article{spears_kegley_2002, title={Effect of zinc source (zinc oxide vs zinc proteinate) and level on performance, carcass characteristics, and immune response of growing and finishing steers}, volume={80}, DOI={10.1093/ansci/80.10.2747}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Kegley, E. B.}, year={2002}, pages={2747–2752} }
 @article{kegley_spears_flowers_schoenherr_2002, title={Iron methionine as a source of iron for the neonatal pig}, volume={22}, DOI={10.1016/s0271-5317(02)00434-7}, number={10}, journal={Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.)}, author={Kegley, E. B. and Spears, J. W. and Flowers, W. L. and Schoenherr, W. D.}, year={2002}, pages={1209–1217} }
 @article{armstrong_flowers_spears_nielsen_2002, title={Long-term effects of boron supplementation on reproductive characteristics and bone mechanical properties in gilts}, volume={80}, DOI={10.2527/2002.801154x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Flowers, W. L. and Spears, J. W. and Nielsen, F. H.}, year={2002}, pages={154–161} }
 @article{engle_fellner_spears_2001, title={Copper status, serum cholesterol, and milk fatty acid profile in Holstein cows fed varying concentrations of copper}, volume={84}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74678-4}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Fellner, Vivek and Spears, J. W.}, year={2001}, pages={2308–2313} }
 @article{kegley_spears_auman_2001, title={Dietary phosphorus and an inflammatory challenge affect performance and immune function of weanling pigs}, volume={79}, DOI={10.2527/2001.792413x}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Kegley, E. B. and Spears, J. W. and Auman, S. K.}, year={2001}, pages={413–419} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_2001, title={Effect of dietary boron on growth performance, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and bone mechanical properties in growing barrows}, volume={79}, DOI={10.2527/2001.79123120x}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2001}, pages={3120–3127} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_engle_see_2001, title={Effect of pharmacological concentrations of dietary copper on lipid and cholesterol metabolism in pigs}, volume={21}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034754358&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/s0271-5317(01)00332-3}, number={9}, journal={Nutrition Research}, author={Armstrong, T.A. and Spears, J.W. and Engle, T.E. and See, M.T.}, year={2001}, pages={1299–1308} }
 @article{huntington_poore_hopkins_spears_2001, title={Effect of ruminal protein degradability on growth and N metabolism in growing beef steers}, volume={79}, DOI={10.2527/2001.792533x}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Huntington, G. and Poore, M. and Hopkins, B. and Spears, J.}, year={2001}, pages={533–541} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_lloyd_2001, title={Inflammatory response, growth, and thyroid hormone concentrations are affected by long-term boron supplementationin gilts}, volume={79}, DOI={10.2527/2001.7961549x}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Spears, J. W. and Lloyd, K. E.}, year={2001}, pages={1549–1556} }
 @article{engle_spears_2001, title={Performance, carcass characteristics, and lipid metabolism in growing and finishing Simmental steers fed varying concentrations of copper}, volume={79}, DOI={10.2527/2001.79112920x}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2001}, pages={2920–2925} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_crenshaw_nielsen_2000, title={Boron supplementation of a semipurified diet for weanling pigs improves feed efficiency and bone strength characteristics and alters plasma lipid metabolites}, volume={130}, DOI={10.1093/jn/130.10.2575}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Spears, J. W. and Crenshaw, T. D. and Nielsen, F. H.}, year={2000}, pages={2575–2581} }
 @article{engle_spears_l._edens_2000, title={Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.78102737x}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W. and L. and Edens, F. W.}, year={2000}, pages={2737–2744} }
 @article{engel_spears_2000, title={Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism, performance, and ruminal fermentation in finishing steers}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.7892452x}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engel, T. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2000}, pages={2452–2458} }
 @article{armstrong_spears_heugten_engle_wright_2000, title={Effect of copper source (cupric citrate vs cupric sulfate) and level on growth performance and copper metabolism in pigs}, volume={13}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.2000.1154}, number={8}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Spears, J. W. and Heugten, Eric and Engle, T. E. and Wright, C. L.}, year={2000}, pages={1154–1161} }
 @article{luginbuhl_poore_spears_brown_2000, title={Effect of dietary copper level on performance and copper status of growing meat goats}, volume={16}, number={2000}, journal={Sheep & Goat Research Journal}, author={Luginbuhl, J. M. and Poore, M. H. and Spears, J. W. and Brown, T. T.}, year={2000}, pages={65–71} }
 @article{engle_spears_2000, title={Effects of dietary copper concentration and source on performance and copper status of growing and finishing steers}, volume={78}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2000}, pages={2446–2451} }
 @article{engle_spears_armstrong_wright_odle_2000, title={Effects of dietary copper source and concentration on carcass characteristics and lipid and cholesterol metabolism in growing and finishing steers}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.7841053x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W. and Armstrong, T. A. and Wright, C. L. and Odle, J.}, year={2000}, pages={1053–1059} }
 @article{engle_spears_fellner_odle_2000, title={Effects of soybean oil and dietary copper on ruminal and tissue lipid metabolism in finishing steers}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.78102713x}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W. and Fellner, Vivek and Odle, Jack}, year={2000}, pages={2713–2721} }
 @article{armstrong_williams_spears_schiffman_2000, title={High dietary copper improves odor characteristics of swine waste}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.784859x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Williams, C. M. and Spears, J. W. and Schiffman, S. S.}, year={2000}, pages={859–864} }
 @article{spears_2000, title={Micronutrients and immune function in cattle}, volume={59}, DOI={10.1017/S0029665100000835}, number={4}, journal={Proceedings of the Nutrition Society}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={2000}, pages={587–594} }
 @article{berg_croom_fernandez_spears_eisen_taylor_daniel_coles_boeheim_mannon_2000, title={Peptide YY administration decreases brain aluminum in the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model}, volume={64}, number={1-2}, journal={Growth, Development, & Aging}, author={Berg, B. M. and Croom, J. and Fernandez, J. M. and Spears, J. W. and Eisen, E. J. and Taylor, I. L. and Daniel, L. R. and Coles, B. A. and Boeheim, F. and Mannon, P. J.}, year={2000}, pages={3–19} }
 @article{kegley_spears_1999, title={Chromium and cattle nutrition}, volume={12}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1520-670X(1999)12:2<141::AID-JTRA11>3.0.CO;2-H}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine}, author={Kegley, E. B. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1999}, pages={141–147} }
 @article{engle_spears_brown_lloyd_1999, title={Effect of breed (Angus Vs Simmental) on immune function and response to a disease challenge in stressed steers and preweaned calves}, volume={77}, DOI={10.2527/1999.773516x}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Engle, T. E. and Spears, J. W. and Brown, T. T. and Lloyd, K. E.}, year={1999}, pages={516–521} }
 @article{spears_1999, title={Reevaluation of the metabolic essentiality of the minerals -review}, volume={12}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.1999.1002}, number={6}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1999}, pages={1002–1008} }
 @article{ward_spears_1999, title={The effects of low-copper diets with or without supplemental molybdenum on specific immune responses of stressed cattle}, volume={77}, DOI={10.2527/1999.771230x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ward, J. D. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1999}, pages={230–237} }
 @article{gengelbach_spears_1998, title={Effects of dietary copper and molybdenum on copper status, cytokine production, and humoral immune response of calves}, volume={81}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75893-X}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Gengelbach, G. P. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1998}, pages={3286–3292} }
 @article{droke_gengelbach_spears_1998, title={Influence of level and source (inorganic vs organic) of zinc supplementation of immune function of growing lambs}, volume={11}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.1998.139}, number={2}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Droke, E. A. and Gengelbach, G. P. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1998}, pages={139–144} }
 @article{kegley_spears_brown_1997, title={Effect of shipping and chromium supplementation on performance, immune response, and disease resistance of steers}, volume={75}, DOI={10.2527/1997.7571956x}, number={7}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Kegley, E. B. and Spears, J. W. and Brown, T. T.}, year={1997}, pages={1956–1964} }
 @article{gengelbach_ward_spears_brown_1997, title={Effects of copper deficiency and copper deficiency coupled with high dietary iron or molybdenum on phagocytic cell function and response of calves to a respiratory disease challenge}, volume={75}, DOI={10.2527/1997.7541112x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Gengelbach, G. P. and Ward, J. D. and Spears, J. W. and Brown, T.T.}, year={1997}, pages={1112–1118} }
 @article{heugten_spears_1997, title={Immune response and growth of stressed weanling pigs fed diets supplemented with organic or inorganic forms of chromium}, volume={75}, DOI={10.2527/1997.752409x}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Heugten, Eric and Spears, J.W.}, year={1997}, pages={409–416} }
 @article{ward_spears_1997, title={Long-term effects of consumption of low-copper diets with or without supplemental molybdenum on copper status, performance, and carcass characteristics of cattle}, volume={75}, DOI={10.2527/1997.75113057x}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ward, J. D. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1997}, pages={3057–3065} }
 @article{kegley_spears_eisemann_1997, title={Performance and glucose metabolism in calves fed a chromium-nicotinic acid complex or chromium chloride}, volume={80}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76107-1}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Kegley, E. B. and Spears, J. W. and Eisemann, J. H.}, year={1997}, pages={1744–1750} }
 @inproceedings{spears_1997, title={Relationship between nutrition and immune response}, number={1997}, booktitle={Tri-state dairy nutrition conference. Proceedings. Sponsored by Michigan State University, Purdue University, and Ohio State University, 1997}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1997}, pages={1–11} }
 @article{ward_gengelbach_spears_1997, title={The effects of copper deficiency with or without high dietary iron or molybdenum on immune function of cattle}, volume={75}, DOI={10.2527/1997.7551400x}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ward, J. D. and Gengelbach, G. P. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1997}, pages={1400–1408} }
 @article{spears_1996, title={Beef nutrition in the 21st century}, volume={58}, DOI={10.1016/0377-8401(95)00871-3}, number={1}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1996}, pages={29} }
 @article{spears_1996, title={Organic trace minerals in ruminant nutrition}, volume={58}, DOI={10.1016/0377-8401(95)00881-0}, number={1}, journal={Animal Feed Science and Technology}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1996}, pages={151} }
 @article{spears_1994, title={Minerals in forages}, ISBN={0891181199}, DOI={10.2134/1994.foragequality.c7}, journal={Forage quality, evaluation, and utilization}, publisher={Madison, Wis., USA : American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1994}, pages={281} }
 @article{haven_wichtel_bristol_fetrow_spears_1992, title={The effects of antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative complications after rumenotomy in cattle}, volume={200}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, author={Haven, M. L. and Wichtel, J. J. and Bristol, D. G. and Fetrow, J. F. and Spears, J. W.}, year={1992}, pages={1332–1335} }
 @article{spears_harvey_brown_1991, title={Effects of zinc methionine and zinc oxide on performance, blood characteristics, and antibody titer response to viral vaccination in stressed feeder calves}, volume={199}, number={12}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, author={Spears, J. W. and Harvey, R. W. and Brown, T. T., Jr.}, year={1991}, pages={1731} }
 @article{spears_1990, title={Ionophores and nutrient digestion and absorption in ruminants}, volume={120}, DOI={10.1093/jn/120.6.632}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Nutrition}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1990}, pages={632} }
 @article{spears_schricker_burns_1989, title={Influence of lysocellin and monensin on mineral metabolism of steers fed forage-based diets}, volume={67}, DOI={10.2527/jas1989.6782140x}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Schricker, B. R. and Burns, J. C.}, year={1989}, pages={2140} }
 @article{spears_burns_wolfrom_1989, title={Lysocellin effects on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in steers fed forage diets}, volume={67}, DOI={10.2527/jas1989.672547x}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Burns, J. C. and Wolfrom, G. W.}, year={1989}, pages={547} }
 @article{spears_1989, title={Zinc methionine for ruminants: Relative bioavailability of zinc in lambs and effects of growth and performance of growing heifers}, volume={67}, DOI={10.2527/jas1989.673835x}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W.}, year={1989}, pages={835} }
 @article{spears_harvey_1984, title={Performance, ruminal and serum characteristics of steers fed lasalocid on pasture}, volume={58}, DOI={10.2527/jas1984.582460x}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Spears, J. W. and Harvey, R. W.}, year={1984}, pages={460} }