@article{dhammi_krestchmar_zhu_ponnusamy_gould_reisig_kurtz_roe_2022, title={Impact of Caterpillar Increased Feeding Rates on Reduction of Bt Susceptibility}, volume={23}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/14856}, DOI={10.3390/ijms232314856}, abstractNote={The use of insect-resistant transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis protein Cry toxins (Bt) to control caterpillars is wide-spread. Development of a mechanism to prevent Bt from reaching its target site in the digestive system could result in Bt resistance and resistance to other insecticides active per os. Increased feeding rates by increasing temperature in tobacco budworms, Chloridea virescens, and bollworms, Helicoverpa zea, decreased Bt Cry1Ac susceptibility and mortality. The same was found in C. virescens for Bollgard II plant extract containing Bt Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 toxins. Furthermore, H. zea from the same inbred laboratory colony that fed faster independent of temperature manipulation were less susceptible to Bt intoxication. A laboratory derived C. virescens Bt resistant strain demonstrated a higher feeding rate on non-Bt artificial diet than the parental, Bt susceptible strain. A laboratory-reared Bt resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, strain also fed faster on non-Bt diet compared to Bt susceptible caterpillars of the same species, both originally collected from corn. The studies in toto and the literature reviewed support the hypothesis that increased feeding rate is a behavioral mechanism for reducing caterpillar susceptibility to Bt. Its possible role in resistance needs further study.}, number={23}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Dhammi, Anirudh and Krestchmar, Jaap B. and Zhu, Jiwei and Ponnusamy, Loganathan and Gould, Fred and Reisig, Dominic and Kurtz, Ryan W. and Roe, R. Michael}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{deguenon_travanty_zhu_carr_denning_reiskind_watson_roe_ponnusamy_2019, title={Exogenous and endogenous microbiomes of wild-caught Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) flies from a suburban farm by 16S rRNA gene sequencing}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56733-z}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-019-56733-z}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Deguenon, Jean M. and Travanty, Nicholas and Zhu, Jiwei and Carr, Ann and Denning, Steven and Reiskind, Michael H. and Watson, David W. and Roe, R. Michael and Ponnusamy, Loganathan}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{zhu_dhammi_kretschmar_vargo_apperson_roe_2018, title={Novel use of aliphatic n-methyl ketones as a fumigant and alternative to methyl bromide for insect control}, volume={74}, ISSN={["1526-4998"]}, DOI={10.1002/ps.4749}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE}, author={Zhu, Jiwei and Dhammi, Anirudh and Kretschmar, Jaap B. and Vargo, Edward L. and Apperson, Charles S. and Roe, R. Michael}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={648–657} }
 @article{egekwu_sonenshine_garman_barshis_cox_bissinger_zhu_roe_2016, title={Comparison of synganglion neuropeptides, neuropeptide receptors and neurotransmitter receptors and their gene expression in response to feeding in Ixodes scapularis (Ixodidae) vs. Ornithodoros turicata (Argasidae)}, volume={25}, ISSN={["1365-2583"]}, DOI={10.1111/imb.12202}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Egekwu, N. and Sonenshine, D. E. and Garman, H. and Barshis, D. J. and Cox, N. and Bissinger, B. W. and Zhu, J. and Roe, R. M.}, year={2016}, month={Feb}, pages={72–92} }
 @article{gulia-nuss_nuss_meyer_sonenshine_roe_waterhouse_sattelle_fuente_ribeiro_megy_et al._2016, title={Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease}, volume={7}, journal={Nature Communications}, author={Gulia-Nuss, M. and Nuss, A. B. and Meyer, J. M. and Sonenshine, D. E. and Roe, R. M. and Waterhouse, R. M. and Sattelle, D. B. and Fuente, J. and Ribeiro, J. M. and Megy, K. and et al.}, year={2016} }
 @article{zhu_khalil_mitchell_bissinger_egekwu_sonenshine_roe_2016, title={Mevalonate-Farnesal Biosynthesis in Ticks: Comparative Synganglion Transcriptomics and a New Perspective}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0141084}, abstractNote={Juvenile hormone (JH) controls the growth, development, metamorphosis, and reproduction of insects. For many years, the general assumption has been that JH regulates tick and other acarine development and reproduction the same as in insects. Although researchers have not been able to find the common insect JHs in hard and soft tick species and JH applications appear to have no effect on tick development, it is difficult to prove the negative or to determine whether precursors to JH are made in ticks. The tick synganglion contains regions which are homologous to the corpora allata, the biosynthetic source for JH in insects. Next-gen sequencing of the tick synganglion transcriptome was conducted separately in adults of the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, the deer tick, Ixodes scapularis, and the relapsing fever tick, Ornithodoros turicata as a new approach to determine whether ticks can make JH or a JH precursor. All of the enzymes that make up the mevalonate pathway from acetyl-CoA to farnesyl diphosphate (acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, HMG-S, HMG-R, mevalonate kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase, diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase, and farnesyl diphosphate synthase) were found in at least one of the ticks studied but most were found in all three species. Sequence analysis of the last enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, demonstrated conservation of the seven prenyltransferase regions and the aspartate rich motifs within those regions typical of this enzyme. In the JH branch from farnesyl diphosphate to JH III, we found a putative farnesol oxidase used for the conversion of farnesol to farnesal in the synganglion transcriptome of I. scapularis and D. variabilis. Methyltransferases (MTs) that add a methyl group to farnesoic acid to make methyl farnesoate were present in all of the ticks studied with similarities as high as 36% at the amino acid level to insect JH acid methyltransferase (JHAMT). However, when the tick MTs were compared to the known insect JHAMTs from several insect species at the amino acid level, the former lacked the farnesoic acid binding motif typical in insects. The P450s shown in insects to add the C10,11 epoxide to methyl farnesoate, are in the CYP15 family; this family was absent in our tick transcriptomes and in the I. scapularis genome, the only tick genome available. These data suggest that ticks do not synthesize JH III but have the mevalonate pathway and may produce a JH III precursor.}, number={3}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Zhu, Jiwei and Khalil, Sayed M. and Mitchell, Robert D. and Bissinger, Brooke W. and Egekwu, Noble and Sonenshine, Daniel E. and Roe, R. Michael}, year={2016}, month={Mar} }