@article{wagner_renfro_stine_ward_ange-van heugten_2023, title={Assessing Value of a Novel NC State University Two-Week Animal Science Study Abroad Course in Chiang Mai, Thailand for Post-Pandemic Student Education.}, volume={101}, ISSN={["1525-3163"]}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skad068.133}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Wagner, Jenna and Renfro, Ethan and Stine, Jane and Ward, Erica and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly D.}, year={2023}, month={May} }
@article{clarke_heugten_tollefson_ridgley_smith_brown_scott_minter_2023, title={Comparison of Corticosterone Concentrations in Dermal Secretions and Urine in Free-Ranging Marine Toads (Rhinella marina) in Human Care}, volume={2023}, ISSN={["2042-0048"]}, DOI={10.1155/2023/1467549}, abstractNote={Corticosterone concentrations have been measured in amphibians by collecting blood or urine samples. However, blood sampling is invasive, and urine can be difficult to collect. A novel method of swabbing the skin of an amphibian has been utilized in numerous species but has not been verified in marine toads (Rhinella marina). This pilot study tested dermal swabs as a noninvasive method for collecting and measuring dermal corticosterone secretions. Swabs were used to collect dermal secretion samples from sixty-six free-ranging marine toads collected on Zoo Miami grounds. The subsequent day the toads were shipped to the North Carolina Zoo where dermal samples were collected again. Additional dermal and urine samples were collected on days 9, 15, 32, and 62 under human care to measure corticosterone concentrations. There was no significant correlation (
P
≥ 0.05) noted between corticosterone concentrations reported in dermal swabs and those in urine samples at all four of the euthanasia time points or between the corticosterone concentrations reported in either urine or dermal swabs and the weight of the toads. Dermal swab concentrations (ng/mL) were significantly higher (
P
≤ 0.05) on the day of capture (0.64 ± 0.03) and the day of arrival (0.67 ± 0.03) than on day 15 (0.47 ± 0.03). The urine corticosterone concentrations decreased while the toads were in human care with a significant decrease (
P
≤ 0.05) between days 9 (0.45 ± 0.07) and 32 (0.21 ± 0.06). This study demonstrated that dermal swabs can be used to collect marine toad corticosterone concentration samples.}, journal={VETERINARY MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL}, author={Clarke, Emma and Heugten, Kimberly Ange-van and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ridgley, Frank N. and Smith, Dustin and Brown, Janine L. and Scott, Heather and Minter, Larry J.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
@misc{burnham_ange-van heugten_mckenney_minter_trivedi_2023, title={Conservation Innovations and Future Directions for the Study of Rhinoceros Gut Microbiome}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2673-5636"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5636/4/2/30}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg4020030}, abstractNote={Rhinoceros are among the largest and most endangered herbivores in the world. Three of the five extant species are critically endangered, with poaching and habitat loss contributing heavily to declines. The gut microbiome is an essential facet of host health and digestion, mediating a variety of immune and physiological functions. Certain microbes have the potential to serve as biomarkers for reproductive outcomes and predictors of disease susceptibility. Therefore, assessing gut microbial dynamics in relation to wild and managed rhinoceros populations has particular relevance for zoos and other conservation organizations that maintain assurance populations of these charismatic megafauna. The functional gut microbiomes associated with all rhinoceros species remain poorly studied, and many published reports are limited by small sample sizes and sex biases. In this review, we synthesize current research to examine the rhinoceros gut microbiome under human management and resulting conservation implications, address common pitfalls of wildlife gut microbiome studies, and propose future avenues of research in this field.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL GARDENS}, author={Burnham, Christina M. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and McKenney, Erin A. and Minter, Larry J. and Trivedi, Shweta}, year={2023}, month={Jun}, pages={396–412} }
@article{burnham_mckenney_ange-van heugten_minter_trivedi_2023, title={Effect of fecal preservation method on captive southern white rhinoceros gut microbiome}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2328-5540"]}, DOI={10.1002/wsb.1436}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN}, author={Burnham, Christina M. and McKenney, Erin A. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Minter, Larry J. and Trivedi, Shweta}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
@article{burnham_mckenney_ange-van heugten_minter_trivedi_2023, title={Effects of age, seasonality, and reproductive status on the gut microbiome of Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) at the North Carolina zoo}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2524-4671"]}, DOI={10.1186/s42523-023-00249-5}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={ANIMAL MICROBIOME}, author={Burnham, Christina M. M. and McKenney, Erin A. A. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Minter, Larry J. J. and Trivedi, Shweta}, year={2023}, month={May} }
@article{feltrer-rambaud_moresco_ange-van heugten_pizarro_tomeo-martin_pesquera_moresco_atencia_2023, title={Serum vitamin D in sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in range countries: A pilot study}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2053-1095"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1279}, DOI={10.1002/vms3.1279}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Feltrer-Rambaud, Yedra and Moresco, Anneke and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Pizarro, Andrea and Tomeo-Martin, Beatriz and Pesquera, Lara Carrasco and Moresco, Natalie and Atencia, Rebeca}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
@article{browder_kapp_ange-van heugten_flowers_christian_dombrowski_2023, title={The Effect of Pyrantel Pamoate Treatment on Fecal Pinworm (Leidynema appendiculata) Parasites of Dietary Dubia Roaches (Blaptica dubia): Efforts to Eliminate Passthrough Fecal Pseudoparasites in Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs (Echinops telfairi)}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2673-5636"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg4010015}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg4010015}, abstractNote={Pinworm ova were discovered on lesser hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi) fecal exams. Ova were passthrough pseudoparasite pinworms originating from feeder roaches (Blaptica dubia). Roaches were maintained as a feeder colony and offered to tenrecs as a portion of their diet. Pinworms were identified as Leidynema appendiculata. This study aimed to determine if these pinworms could be eliminated from the roaches. Roaches were randomly assigned into groups (n = 24), including a control (A) and four treatment groups (B–E). Treatment group roaches received oral dosing of anthelmintic pyrantel pamoate at four concentrations (mg/g as offered): 3.5 (Group B), 14.0 (Group C), 26.0 (Group D), and 35.0 (Group E). Roach diets were made weekly and offered to roaches 2 consecutive days per week for 3 consecutive weeks. The total pinworm ova per gram of roach feces examined were visually reduced in all treatment groups compared to controls at the end of the feed dosing period (Day 23). Post-treatment pinworm numbers were visually reduced in all treatment groups compared to controls on Day 29 and Day 65. Groups receiving higher concentrations of the oral dosing (C–E) significantly differed from controls at Day 29 (p = 0.0086, p = 0.0045, and p = 0.0013, respectively) with a concentration-dependent response. Parasites were not eliminated in any group at Day 29 or 65 post-treatment, with an increasing visual trend indicating recontamination. This is the first report confirming a passthrough pseudoparasite in tenrecs from dubia roaches, and anthelmintic dosage research is warranted.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL GARDENS}, author={Browder, Elizabeth and Kapp, Sabrina and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Flowers, James and Christian, Larry S. and Dombrowski, Daniel S.}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={146–157} }
@article{caddiell_white_lascelles_royal_ange-van heugten_gruen_2023, title={Veterinary education and experience shape beliefs about dog breeds Part 1: Pain sensitivity}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-023-40671-y}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Caddiell, Rachel M. P. and White, Philip and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Royal, Kenneth and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Gruen, Margaret E.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
@article{caddiell_white_lascelles_royal_ange-van heugten_gruen_2023, title={Veterinary education and experience shape beliefs about dog breeds. Part 2: Trust}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-023-40464-3}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Caddiell, Rachel M. P. and White, Philip and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Royal, Kenneth and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Gruen, Margaret E.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
@article{lee_minter_tollefson_ridgley_smith_treiber_scott_troan_ange-van heugten_2023, title={Vitamin A, Vitamin E, and Carotenoid Concentrations in Livers of Marine Toads (Rhinella marina)}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2673-5636"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg4010014}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg4010014}, abstractNote={Global amphibian population decline is a major concern. Therefore, conservation centers have become increasingly needed for population sustainability breeding programs. This need makes proper nutrition programs while in human care imperative. The specific nutritional focus of this current research was to analyze vitamin A, vitamin E, and carotenoid (apocarotenoid, β-carotene, β-carotene ester, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lutein ester, zeaxanthin, and zeaxanthin ester) concentrations in the liver of 66 free-range marine toads (Rhinella marina) over a two-month period after entering human management. Toads were fed supplemented crickets randomly assigned to one of two diets: Diet 1 consisted of brown house crickets (Acheta domestica) gut loaded with Mazuri® Cricket Diet 5M38 and small amounts of sweet potato and carrots; Diet 2 consisted of an identical diet with the gut loaded crickets additionally dusted with Repashy® Superfoods Vitamin A Plus. Ten toads were euthanized prior to human management on Day 0 to assess baseline liver nutrients. Seven toads consuming each of the two diets (14 toads total) were euthanized on Days 9, 15, 32, and 62. Regardless of diet treatment, there were decreases (p < 0.05) in all the analyzed nutrient concentrations over the 62-day human management period. The results from this study indicate that higher dietary vitamin A, vitamin E, and carotenoid content may be needed and/or the cricket gut loading and dusting techniques used to feed the amphibians food source insects may be inadequate.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL GARDENS}, author={Lee, Hanna and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ridgley, Frank and Smith, Dustin and Treiber, Kimberly and Scott, Heather and Troan, Brigid V. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly D.}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={134–145} }
@article{witt_minter_tollefson_ridgley_treiber_smith_bibus_scott_heugten_2022, title={Analysis of Circulating Fatty Acid Profiles in Free-Ranging and Managed Care Marine Toads (Rhinella marina) with a Comparison of Whole-Blood Vial and Whole-Blood Dried Blood Spot Card Analyses}, volume={3}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg3030024}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg3030024}, abstractNote={This study provides novel data on circulating concentrations of whole-blood fatty acids (FAs) in marine toads (Rhinella marina) via dried blood spot (DBS) card technology as a potential amphibian model species. Free-ranging (n = 10) animals were compared to managed populations fed two diet strategies for 60 days (n = 6 per diet). Thirty-six individual FAs were analyzed, with 28 found in significant reportable quantities. Eight FA groupings were represented. Traditional whole-blood vial (WBV) FA percentages were also collected and compared to DBS after managed care for 60 days. Results showed eleven individual FAs and four FA groups were higher in free-ranging toads (n = 10; p ≤ 0.05), while three FAs and three groups were higher in managed care (n = 12; p ≤ 0.05). FA concentrations compared between DBS cards and WBV at day 60 generally agreed, although two individual FAs and one grouping were higher in DBS (p ≤ 0.05). When free-ranging FAs were analyzed by sex, four individual FAs and two groupings were higher in females, while four individual FAs and one grouping were higher in males. Understanding normal FA circulating levels and how husbandry changes them may impact amphibian health. Additionally, DBS cards may provide a convenient sampling tool for fieldwork.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Witt, Melissa L. and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ridgley, Frank and Treiber, Kimberly and Smith, Dustin and Bibus, Doug and Scott, Heather and Heugten, Kimberly Ange-van}, year={2022}, month={Jun}, pages={300–315} }
@article{wood_minter_bibus_tollefson_ange-van heugten_2022, title={Assessment of the effects of storage temperature on fatty acid analysis using dried blood spot cards from managed southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum): implications for field collection and nutritional care}, volume={10}, ISSN={2167-8359}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12896}, DOI={10.7717/peerj.12896}, abstractNote={BackgroundSouthern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) are an endangered species in decline due to poaching and negative habitat changes. Conservation of the species has become increasingly important and a focus on better human management has become prevalent. One area of management that impacts southern white rhinoceroses is nutritional health monitoring, which is often conducted through blood analysis. Blood analysis conducted during field research can be difficult due to temperature, distance, and limited technological resources, so new methods of fast, and relatively stable blood collection are being pursued. One method that has been used in humans for many years is beginning to make its way into wildlife studies: the use of dried blood spot (DBS) cards. These cards are used as a tool to store single drops of whole blood on specialized filter paper and, once dried, can be used for nutritional biomarker analysis. An area of interest for southern white rhinoceroses and nutrition is monitoring fatty acid percentages for cardiovascular, immune, and reproductive health. The time and temperature limitations for storing blood fractions or liquid whole blood when analyzing fatty acids have been investigated, but few studies have performed storage studies on DBS cards colder than −20 °C or in non-human species.}, journal={PeerJ}, publisher={PeerJ}, author={Wood, Jordan and Minter, Larry J. and Bibus, Doug and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2022}, month={Feb}, pages={e12896} }
@article{cabot_ange-van heugten_smith_ridgley_minter_2022, title={Characterizing Tissue Enzyme Activities in the Marine Toad (Rhinella marina)}, volume={32}, DOI={10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00012}, abstractNote={Abstract Plasma biochemistry tests are routine diagnostic tools in veterinary medicine that require an understanding of the enzyme activity profiles of individual organs for accurate interpretation. Tissue enzyme activity has been found to vary among and within taxa and has not been described in the marine toad (Rhinella marina). This study measured enzyme activities in the plasma, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, gastrointestinal system, kidney, and pancreas of five marine toads, to evaluate the tissue specificity of analytes commonly included on plasma biochemical analysis. In the marine toad, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase activities were not specific to one organ, with minimal ALT activity measured in any organ tissue. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in heart tissues and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity was significantly higher in pancreatic tissues than in all other organ tissues, and plasma. GGT activity in the kidney was also significantly higher than that found in plasma, but not all other tissues. Amylase and lipase were highest in the plasma. Creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were specific to skeletal muscle, with significant LDH activity also found in cardiac tissue. This information will be vital to the interpretation of plasma biochemistry analysis in the marine toad and shows similarities to tissue enzyme activity in the Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis), suggesting extrapolation to other anurans is possible.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery}, author={Cabot, M. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Smith, D. and Ridgley, F. and Minter, L.J.}, year={2022}, pages={219–224} }
@article{cerreta_smith_ange‐van heugten_minter_2022, title={Comparative nutrient analysis of four species of cockroaches used as food for insectivores by life stage, species, and sex}, volume={41}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21647}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.21647}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Cerreta, Anthony J. and Smith, Dustin C. and Ange‐Van Heugten, Kimberly and Minter, Larry J.}, year={2022}, month={Jan}, pages={26–33} }
@article{stratton_heugten_minter_2022, title={Comparison of Hematocrit and Biochemical Analytes among Two Point-of-Care Analyzers (EPOC and i-STAT Alinity v) and a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory in the African Savanna Elephant (Loxodonta africana) and the Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg3040048}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg3040048}, abstractNote={This study compared hematocrit measured with the EPOC and i-STAT Alinity v point-of-care analyzers and manual measurement of packed cell volume in managed African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) and southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). Biochemical analytes were also measured with the EPOC, i-STAT Alinity v, and a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in the same animals. Analytes assessed included blood urea nitrogen, chloride, creatinine, glucose, ionized calcium, potassium, and sodium. There were no differences for hematocrit values for African savanna elephants or southern white rhinoceros (p ≤ 0.05). In African savanna elephants, there were no differences between the EPOC and i-STAT Alinity v analyzers for any measured analytes except ionized calcium. When compared to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory, there were differences for a majority of the biochemical analytes measured on the EPOC and i-STAT Alinity v analyzers in African savanna elephants. In southern white rhinoceros, there were differences for a majority of analytes among all three analyzers. While differences existed among the portable analyzers and a veterinary diagnostic laboratory for biochemical analytes in both species, these numerically small differences are unlikely to be clinically significant. For routine health care of African savanna elephants and southern white rhinoceros, these point-of-care analyzers may be a useful alternative to commercial analyzers for the parameters evaluated.}, journal={Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens}, author={Stratton, Hayley S. and Heugten, Kimberly D. Ange-van and Minter, Larry J.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
@article{dannemiller_christiansen_harms_minter_heugten_2022, title={Comparison of Whole Blood Fatty Acid Profiles between Lionfish (Pterois spp.) in Wild and Managed Care Environments}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg3030028}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg3030028}, abstractNote={Suboptimal nutrition may contribute to lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) health issues in managed care environments. This study’s objective was to establish and compare whole blood fatty acid profiles in wild and aquarium lionfish. Whole blood samples were dried onto specialized high-quality paper cards from wild, invasive lionfish harvested off the North Carolina coast (n = 16) and lionfish managed by the North Carolina Aquariums (n = 12). Blood fatty acid profiles were analyzed from dried blood spots. Aquarium lionfish had significantly (p < 0.05) higher linoleic (18:2ω6) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5ω3) acid levels than wild lionfish. Similarly, aquarium lionfish had significantly (p < 0.05) lower saturated fatty acids and arachidonic (20:4ω6) to eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω3) ratios than wild lionfish. Total omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, as well as the ratio of these two fatty acid groups, were similar between wild and aquarium lionfish. Gut content analysis of wild lionfish diets included reef-dependent and schooling fish while aquarium lionfish diets were pelagic fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and commercial gel diets with nutrient supplements. This study reports whole blood fatty acid profiles in lionfish, providing comparative macronutrient data that may be useful for improving their nutrition and welfare in aquariums.}, journal={Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens}, author={Dannemiller, Nicholas G. and Christiansen, Emily F. and Harms, Craig A. and Minter, Larry J. and Heugten, Kimberly D. Ange-van}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
@article{jones_minter_harms_bibus_koutsos_heugten_2022, title={Fatty Acid Profiles in Managed Care Green and Kemp’s Ridley Turtles over Time}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg3040040}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg3040040}, abstractNote={To understand fatty acid status and the potential impact of sample storage, dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected from fourteen green turtles and ten Kemp’s ridleys undergoing rehabilitation. Half the DBS samples from each animal species were collected in 2021 and sent for immediate analysis while the other half were collected in 2017 from different animals and stored at −80 °C for 4 years before analysis. The blood fatty acid profiles in both species during rehabilitation differed visually from prior wild turtle data. Essential fatty acids linoleic (18:2w6) and linolenic acid (18:3w3) were higher in green turtles than in Kemp’s ridleys but both were approximately half of the percentage previously found in wild turtles. No difference in arachidonic acid between species in rehabilitation were found but percentages were approximately 10% of wild representatives. Sea turtle diets in rehabilitation management may need to be evaluated to ensure species-specific fatty acid balance. Twenty-eight of the 36 individual fatty acids tested were found and all seven fatty acid groupings were detected. When analyzed by storage time, 11 individual fatty acids and four fatty acid groups differed (p = 0.05). When compared by species, 14 individual fatty acids and three groups differed. Current data suggest DBS samples may be best utilized when analyzed immediately.}, journal={Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens}, author={Jones, Hayley S. and Minter, Larry J. and Harms, Craig and Bibus, Doug and Koutsos, Liz and Heugten, Kimberly Ange-van}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
@inproceedings{caddiell_royal_white_wood_ange-van heugten_gruen_2022, title={Identification of dog breed pain sensitivity belief shifts within the veterinary education pathway}, author={Caddiell, R.M.P. and Royal, K. and White, P. and Wood, J. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Gruen, M.E.}, year={2022} }
@article{wood_morgan_ange-van heugten_serrano_minter_fellner_stoskopf_2022, title={Observable Metabolites and Metabolomic Sampling Protocols for Managed African Savanna Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Whole Blood Using H-NMR Spectroscopy}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2218-1989"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12050400}, DOI={10.3390/metabo12050400}, abstractNote={We used nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (NMR) to evaluate the metabolomics of heparinized whole blood drawn from six African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) maintained on a well characterized diet. Whole blood samples obtained under behavioral restraint, then quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen, were stored at −80 °C until analysis. Frozen samples were thawed under controlled conditions and extracted with methanol and chloroform to separate the polar and non-polar metabolites. We identified 18 polar metabolites and 14 non-polar lipids using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra. Despite unexpected rouleaux formation in the thawed frozen samples, spectra were consistent among animals and did not vary dramatically with age or the sex of the animal.}, number={5}, journal={Metabolites}, author={Wood, J. and Morgan, D.R. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Serrano, M. and Minter, L.J. and Fellner, V. and Stoskopf, M.K.}, year={2022}, pages={400} }
@inproceedings{trivedi_ange-van heugten_2022, title={Reflections from application of quality matters essential standards in animal science courses}, author={Trivedi, S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2022} }
@article{heniff_minter_harms_bibus_koutsos_heugten_2022, title={Whole Blood Fatty Acid Profiles of Cold-Stunned Juvenile Green, Kemp’s Ridley, and Loggerhead Sea Turtles}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg4010001}, DOI={10.3390/jzbg4010001}, abstractNote={When subjected to cold environmental temperatures, cheloniid sea turtles can experience debilitating lethargy, anorexia, and potential mortality in a phenomenon known as cold-stunning. Every year, hundreds to thousands of cold-stunned sea turtles are transported to rehabilitation centers for medical and nutritional care. The objective of this study was to investigate one aspect of nutritional status in cold-stunned sea turtles: fatty acid profiles. Blood was collected from eleven green (Chelonia mydas), twelve Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), and three loggerhead (Caretta caretta) juvenile sea turtles found cold-stunned along the coast of North Carolina, USA. Whole blood (~160 µL) was dried onto specialized paper spot cards, frozen, and subsequently analyzed via gas chromatography to quantify fatty acid percentages. Significant differences among species were identified for 19 out of 36 individual fatty acids analyzed and six out of seven fatty acid groups evaluated (P < 0.5). The whole blood fatty acid profiles of cold-stunned green and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles were similar to prior published profiles of healthy conspecifics. Marginal numerical differences noted upon visual comparison included that cold-stunned sea turtles had lower proportions of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and monoenes and higher proportions of total saturated fatty acids relative to healthy conspecifics. These differences may reflect acute impacts of cold-stunning on circulating plasma fatty acids or may be the result of natural seasonal variations. These data provide practical information to aid in the diet design of sea turtles in rehabilitation settings.}, journal={Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens}, author={Heniff, Ashlyn C. and Minter, Larry J. and Harms, Craig A. and Bibus, Doug and Koutsos, Elizabeth A. and Heugten, Kimberly D. Ange-van}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
@article{ange-van heugten_aker_barbour_horne_2021, title={487 Student Opinions on Insect-based Protein Sources Within Companion Animal and Human Diets}, volume={99}, ISSN={0021-8812 1525-3163}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.389}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skab235.389}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={Supplement_3}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly D and Aker, Savannah and Barbour, Hope and Horne, Destiny}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={214–214} }
@article{trivedi_burnham_capobianco_boshoff_zheng_pettiglio_ange-van heugten_bissell_minter_2021, title={Analysis of Blood Biochemistry of Free Ranging and Human-Managed Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) Using the i-STAT Alinity v®}, volume={2021}, ISSN={2042-0048 2090-8113}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2665956}, DOI={10.1155/2021/2665956}, abstractNote={Handheld point-of-care blood analyzers deliver rapid results for biochemical and hematologic parameters, making them very useful in veterinary clinics and in fieldwork applications. This study compared the biochemical and hematologic parameters generated by the novel point-of-care analyzer i-STAT® Alinity V CHEM8+ cartridge between human-managed and free ranging populations of southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). In addition, a novel reference interval for ionized calcium (iCa), a parameter of diagnostic and prognostic importance, was established for southern white rhinoceros. Blood samples were obtained from 10 managed (6 at NC Zoo and 4 at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay in 2019) and 30 free ranging white rhinoceros (collected in South Africa between 2018 and 2019) and analyzed using the i-STAT. Multiple parameters were higher (
P
<
0.05
) in free ranging versus managed animals including potassium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Conversely, iCa concentrations were higher (
P
<
0.05
) in the managed populations of white rhinoceros. The RI determined for iCa was 1.36–1.56 mmol/L, with a mean of 1.46 mmol/L, and was determined using the guidelines from the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology. There was no difference in anion gap, chlorine, total carbon dioxide, or sodium between the populations. Seasonality and locality of sampling as well as diet may be contributing factors to the higher iCa concentrations in managed rhinoceros. The six elevated parameters in free ranging rhinoceros are likely attributable to dehydration compounded by capture stress. This data provides insight into the state of several biochemical and hematologic parameters in southern white rhinoceros and will allow veterinarians to better assess the health of both managed and free ranging populations.}, journal={Veterinary Medicine International}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Trivedi, Shweta and Burnham, Christina M. and Capobianco, Christian M. and Boshoff, Christiaan and Zheng, Yaxin and Pettiglio, Jordan Wood and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Bissell, Heidi D. and Minter, Larry J.}, editor={Hussni, Carlos AlbertoEditor}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={1–6} }
@inproceedings{witt_minter_tollefson_ridgley_smith_bibus_troan_scott_ange-van heugten_2021, title={Analysis of circulating fatty acid profiles in free-ranging and managed care marine toads (Rhinella marina)}, author={Witt, M.L. and Minter, L.J. and Tollefson, T.N. and Ridgley, F.R. and Smith, D. and Bibus, D. and Troan, B.V. and Scott, H.S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2021} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_2021, title={Animal science student perceptions on online delivery during COVID-19 transitions}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2021} }
@article{koutsos_minter_ange-van heugten_mejia-fava_harms_2021, title={Blood Fatty Acid Profiles of Neiritic Juvenile Wild Green Turtles (Chelonia Mydas) and Kemp's Ridleys (Lepidochelys Kempii)}, volume={52}, ISSN={1042-7260}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2019-0173}, DOI={10.1638/2019-0173}, abstractNote={Abstract: Blood fatty acid profiles can indicate an animal's wild-type diet composition and fatty acid status, but have not been reported in sea turtles. Newer technologies allow for fatty acid profiles from very small (less than three drops) samples of whole blood. This study examined whole blood fatty acid profiles of presumably healthy, neritic, juvenile, wild green (Chelonia mydas) (n = 9; 6 males, 3 females) and Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) (n = 8; 6 males, 2 females) turtles from North Carolina, USA. Saturated fatty acids, which can be synthesized de novo, consisted primarily of 16:0, although green turtle blood had a higher proportion of 18:0 (P < 0.001) than Kemp's ridleys, while Kemp's ridley blood had higher proportions of 17:0 (P = 0.007), 20:0 (P = 0.03), 22:0 (P= 0.002), and 24:0 (P < 0.001) as compared with green turtles. Total monounsaturated w7 fatty acids, which can be synthesized de novo or may be diet derived, were higher in Kemp's ridleys and predominantly in the form of 16:1 and 18:1w7 fatty acids. Kemp's ridley blood had more than double the relative proportion of 16:1w7 as compared with green turtles (P= 0.03). Green turtles had higher levels of 18:2w6 than Kemp's ridleys (P= 0.02). In both turtle species, 20:4w6 was detected, despite predicted low dietary proportions, suggesting bioconversion from precursors. Finally, green turtles had higher levels of 18:3w3 compared with Kemp's ridleys, while Kemp's ridleys had higher proportions of 20:5w3 compared with green turtles (P < 0.001, = 0.007, respectively). Whole blood fatty acid profiles generally correlate to previous work with lipid depots, supporting the use of this less invasive methodology to advance the understanding of fatty acid nutrition of sea turtles. These data can be used to assess and guide nutrition and health programs for sea turtles under human care.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine}, publisher={American Association of Zoo Veterinarians}, author={Koutsos, Elizabeth A. and Minter, Larry J. and Ange-Van Heugten, Kimberly D. and Mejia-Fava, Johanna C. and Harms, Craig A.}, year={2021}, month={Jun}, pages={610–617} }
@article{freel_koutsos_minter_tollefson_ridgley_smith_scott_ange‐van heugten_2021, title={Cane toad (
Rhinella marina
) vitamin A, vitamin E, and carotenoid kinetics}, volume={41}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21648}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.21648}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Freel, Tarra and Koutsos, Elizabeth and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy and Ridgley, Frank and Smith, Dustin and Scott, Heather and Ange‐van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={34–43} }
@article{wood_minter_bibus_stoskopf_fellner_ange-van heugten_2021, title={Comparison of African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) fatty acid profiles in whole blood, whole blood dried on blood spot cards, serum, and plasma}, volume={9}, ISSN={2167-8359}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12650}, DOI={10.7717/peerj.12650}, abstractNote={
Background
African elephants in managed care have presented differences in the balance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, a situation primarily thought to be due to dietary differences between the managed animals and their free-ranging counterparts. Because of this, circulating fatty acid status is included in routine monitoring of elephant health. A method of blood collection that requires only a few drops of whole blood, dried on filter paper (DBS) and can be used for analyzing full fatty acid profiles offers advantages in clinical application.
}, journal={PeerJ}, publisher={PeerJ}, author={Wood, Jordan and Minter, Larry J. and Bibus, Doug and Stoskopf, Michael K. and Fellner, Vivek and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={e12650} }
@inproceedings{burnham_minter_ange-van heugten_trivedi_2021, title={Comparison of three microbiome preservation methods within managed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)}, author={Burnham, C. and Minter, L.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Trivedi, S.}, year={2021} }
@inproceedings{burnham_trivedi_ange-van heugten_minter_2021, title={Effect of preservation method on gut microbiome diversity in Southern White Rhinoceros (Certaotherium simum simum)}, author={Burnham, C. and Trivedi, S. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Minter, L.J.}, year={2021} }
@article{eschweiler_clayton_moresco_mckenney_minter_suhr van haute_gasper_hayer_zhu_cooper_et al._2021, title={Host Identity and Geographic Location Significantly Affect Gastrointestinal Microbial Richness and Diversity in Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) under Human Care}, volume={11}, ISSN={2076-2615}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11123399}, DOI={10.3390/ani11123399}, abstractNote={The last few decades have seen an outpouring of gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome studies across diverse host species. Studies have ranged from assessments of GI microbial richness and diversity to classification of novel microbial lineages. Assessments of the “normal” state of the GI microbiome composition across multiple host species has gained increasing importance for distinguishing healthy versus diseased states. This study aimed to determine baselines and trends over time to establish “typical” patterns of GI microbial richness and diversity, as well as inter-individual variation, in three populations of western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) under human care at three zoological institutions in North America. Fecal samples were collected from 19 western lowland gorillas every two weeks for seven months (n = 248). Host identity and host institution significantly affected GI microbiome community composition (p < 0.05), although host identity had the most consistent and significant effect on richness (p = 0.03) and Shannon diversity (p = 0.004) across institutions. Significant changes in microbial abundance over time were observed only at Denver Zoo (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that individuality contributes to most of the observed GI microbiome variation in the study populations. Our results also showed no significant changes in any individual’s microbial richness or Shannon diversity during the 7-month study period. While some microbial taxa (Prevotella, Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae) were detected in all gorillas at varying levels, determining individual baselines for microbial composition comparisons may be the most useful diagnostic tool for optimizing non-human primate health under human care.}, number={12}, journal={Animals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Eschweiler, Katrina and Clayton, Jonathan B. and Moresco, Anneke and McKenney, Erin A. and Minter, Larry J. and Suhr Van Haute, Mallory J. and Gasper, William and Hayer, Shivdeep Singh and Zhu, Lifeng and Cooper, Kathryn and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Nov}, pages={3399} }
@article{wood_minter_tollefson_bissell_bibus_ange-van heugten_2021, title={Implications of Nutritional Management on Fatty Acid Profiles of Southern White Rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) Housed at Two Zoological Institutions}, volume={11}, ISSN={2076-2615}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113063}, DOI={10.3390/ani11113063}, abstractNote={Southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) are African megaherbivores that are considered near threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. The fatty acid circulating values of these animals have not been thoroughly investigated. Fatty acids are critical for immune, heart, skin, and reproductive health, and may have a significant impact on the management and conservation of this species. Published data on fatty acids in this species is limited to incomplete profiles with very few animals in managed environments. The objectives of this research were to provide novel fatty acid percentage profiles for managed healthy southern white rhinoceroses, as well as to provide comparisons between two zoological institutions with differences in diet and climate during two distinct pasture growth periods. Whole blood samples were collected as dried blood spots from six rhinoceroses at the North Carolina Zoo (NC Zoo) and five rhinoceroses at Busch Gardens Tampa (BGT) in the low growth period (February to April) of 2019 and during the high growth period (July to September) of 2020. Fatty acid results indicated numerous differences when comparing the institutions within the same growth period and when comparing the same institution between its two growth periods. Most noteworthy were the higher levels of α-linolenic acid (18:3w3) and total omega-3 fatty acids and the lower linoleic acid (18:2w6), total omega-6 fatty acids, and omega-6 to omega-3 ratio found in the BGT population in both growth periods. This study provides novel percentages of fatty acids in managed southern white rhinoceroses and data on how fatty acid profiles may be altered between two housing locations via dietary differences in hay type and quantity, pasture availability via season, and pellet inclusion levels.}, number={11}, journal={Animals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Wood, Jordan and Minter, Larry and Tollefson, Troy Neil and Bissell, Heidi and Bibus, Doug and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={3063} }
@article{wood_minter_stoskopf_bibus_ange_tollefson_fellner_ange-van heugten_2021, title={Investigation of Dried Blood Spot Cards for Fatty Acid Analysis Using Porcine Blood}, volume={2021}, ISSN={2042-0048 2090-8113}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6624751}, DOI={10.1155/2021/6624751}, abstractNote={Fatty acids, especially omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, are important for reproductive and cardiovascular health in animals. While monitoring fatty acids is traditionally conducted using frozen blood fractions such as serum and plasma, advancements in analytical technology have developed a method of collecting microsamples of dried whole blood on Ahlstrom 226 grade filter paper that can provide information on long-term fatty acid status of animals. Blood samples were collected from five male pigs in both the traditional frozen method and on dried blood spot cards (DBS). The DBS samples were collected with untreated syringes and tubes, and approximately 320 μL of blood was placed on each card with approximately 80 μL per spot (4 spots). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the two sample groups to each other using the Mann–Whitney U-test and determine if DBS samples were similar to traditional whole blood samples. Of the 30 fatty acids and fatty acid groups with measurable concentrations, only four individual fatty acids, behenic acid, omega-3 docosapentaenoic acid, nervonic acid, and adrenic acid, had statistical differences. Most of these differences were minor and could be due to analytical errors or contamination. Comparisons between sample types found similar concentrations of key omega fatty acids and PUFAs and support the use of DBS collection as a less invasive method of blood collection and fatty acid analysis.}, journal={Veterinary Medicine International}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Wood, Jordan and Minter, Larry J. and Stoskopf, Michael K. and Bibus, Doug and Ange, Dempsy and Tollefson, Troy N. and Fellner, Vivek and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, editor={Hikasa, YoshiakiEditor}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={1–4} }
@article{cabot_troan_ange-van heugten_schnellbacher_smith_ridgley_minter_2021, title={Migration and Histologic Effects of Visible Implant Elastomer (VIE) and Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags in the Marine Toad (Rhinella marina)}, volume={11}, ISSN={2076-2615}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113255}, DOI={10.3390/ani11113255}, abstractNote={Passive integrated transponder (PIT) and visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags are commonly used to identify reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Despite reports of good retention rates and little to no negative effect on survival time, migration remains a concern and histologic changes have not been widely evaluated. Fifty-six wild-caught marine toads (Rhinella marina) were marked with a PIT tag in the left caudal thigh and a VIE tag over the right gastrocnemius muscle prior to transport to the North Carolina Zoo. Fourteen toads were then humanely euthanized on day 9, 15, 32, and 62 for postmortem examination and histopathology which were compared to 10 control toads with no tags. All PIT tags were functional and 95% remained at the insertion site with minimal to no histologic changes. Externally, 48% of VIE tags were visible through the skin at the original site of injection under fluorescent or UV light. Upon gross examination of the tissues, VIE tags had an overall retention rate of 62% at the injection site, with similar retention rates across time points. Migrated VIE material was visible grossly and histologically in the kidneys of 98% of toads and along the right leg, proximally and distally, in 25% of toads. VIE material was also found sporadically in mesentery, colon, and free in the coelomic cavity. Histologically, VIE material in the skin was surrounded by minimal to mild granulomatous inflammation while in the kidney it was associated with dilation of the small vessels, edema, and granulomatous nephritis that progressed in severity over time. Based on these findings, the authors recommend the use of PIT tags over VIE tags for identification of adult anurans, when feasible.}, number={11}, journal={Animals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Cabot, Megan L. and Troan, Brigid V. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Schnellbacher, Rodney W. and Smith, Dustin and Ridgley, Frank and Minter, Larry J.}, year={2021}, month={Nov}, pages={3255} }
@inproceedings{cabot_troan_ange-van heugten_schnellbacher_smith_ridgley_minter_2021, title={Migration and histological effects of visible implant elastomer (VIE) and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in marine toads (Rhinella marina)}, author={Cabot, M.L. and Troan, B.V. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Schnellbacher, R.W. and Smith, D. and Ridgley, F. and Minter, L.J.}, year={2021} }
@article{freel_koutsos_minter_tollefson_ridgley_brown_smith_scott_ange-van heugten_2021, title={URINARY CORTICOSTERONE CONCENTRATIONS IN FREE-RANGING AND MANAGED CANE TOADS (RHINELLA MARINA)}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2020-0221}, abstractNote={Abstract: Approximately 40% of amphibian species are threatened with extinction. The welfare of amphibians maintained under managed care as assurance populations is of vital importance to guard against extinction and provide a viable source population for future reintroduction. To manage amphibian species properly ex situ, it is important to understand how stress levels change over time when animals are removed from the wild and placed into managed environments. Corticosterone was analyzed in urine samples from free-ranging cane toads (Rhinella marina, n = 55) in Miami, FL, and under managed care for 22 (n = 48), 50 (n = 11), 81 (n = 25), or 119 (n = 10) days. Concentrations of corticosterone in free-ranging toad urine averaged 1.74 ± 0.195 ng/ml urine specific gravity (sp. gr.), which was greater (P < 0.05) than other time points (day 22: 0.77 ± 0.114 L; day 81: 0.85 ± 0.191 ng/ml sp. gr.; day 119: 0.58 ± 0.093 ng/ml sp. gr.), except day 50 (0.91 ± 0.274 ng/ml sp. gr.), which was not different from free-ranging or managed care values. Thus, corticosterone was lower in cane toads under managed care compared with those sampled in the wild, suggesting that managed care is not a stressor for this species.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Freel, Tarra and Koutsos, Elizabeth and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ridgley, Frank and Brown, Janine L. and Smith, Dustin and Scott, Heather and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={1234–1240} }
@article{wood_koutsos_kendall_minter_tollefson_ange‐van heugten_2020, title={Analyses of African elephant (
Loxodonta africana
) diet with various browse and pellet inclusion levels}, volume={39}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21522}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.21522}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Wood, Jordan and Koutsos, Elizabeth and Kendall, Corinne J. and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy N. and Ange‐van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={37–50} }
@article{dass_koutsos_minter_ange-van heugten_2020, title={Analysis of Fatty Acid Profiles in Eastern Box (Terrapene Carolina Carolina) and Common Snapping (Chelydra Serpentine) Turtles for Wild and Managed Care Environments}, volume={51}, ISSN={1042-7260}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2019-0146}, DOI={10.1638/2019-0146}, abstractNote={Abstract: The housing of wild animals in managed care facilities requires attention to all aspects of husbandry. Diets of wild animals often differ in composition, consistency, and quantity when compared with those in managed care settings including zoos, rehabilitation facilities, and aquaria. It was hypothesized that dietary differences from wild versus managed care would be reflected in data of circulating fatty acids based on previous studies. The current study examined the effect of species and environment on fatty acid concentrations in two omnivorous species of chelonians: Eastern box turtles, Terrapene carolina carolina, and common snapping turtles, Chelydra serpentina, located in the wild and managed care. Whole blood was collected and placed on spot cards for analysis of 26 fatty acids in a total lipid fatty acid profile. The present research indicated that Eastern box turtles have significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentages of linoleic acid (18:2n6), eicosadienoic acid (20:2n6), and mead acid (20:3n9). Common snapping turtles have significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentages of myristic acid (14:0), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3n6), erucic acid (22:1n9), and n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n6). Environmental effects also were noted; wild turtles had higher percentages of α-linolenic acid (18:3n3), arachidic acid (20:0), eicosadienoic acid (20:2n6), and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3n3) (P < 0.05), whereas n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n6) was higher for the managed care group. Eicosadienoic acid (20:2n6), behenic acid; 22:0), adrenic acid (22:4n6), n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n6), and nervonic acid (24:1) were significantly different (P < 0.05) in species–environment interactions without any noted species or environment patterns. Fatty acids are useful for many important biological functions including proper immune system regulation, and therefore, the present research provides medically relevant data for reptile diagnostics. This research may help further improve diets of all chelonians kept in managed care, regardless of species.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine}, publisher={American Association of Zoo Veterinarians}, author={Dass, Khushboo and Koutsos, Elizabeth and Minter, Larry J. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={478–484} }
@article{wood_koutsos_kendall_minter_tollefson_ivory_ange‐van heugten_2020, title={Circulating nutrients and hematological parameters in managed African elephants (
Loxodonta Africana
) over a 1‐year period}, volume={39}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21556}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.21556}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Wood, Jordan and Koutsos, Elizabeth and Kendall, Corinne J. and Minter, Larry J. and Tollefson, Troy and Ivory, Erin and Ange‐van Heugten, Kimberly}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={345–354} }
@inproceedings{pettiglio_minter_bissell_trivedi_tollefson_boshoff_ange-van heugten_2020, title={Comparison of fatty acid profiles of free ranging and managed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum): Implications for health and nutrition of animals under human care}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Comparative Nutrition Society}, author={Pettiglio, J.W. and Minter, L.J. and Bissell, H. and Trivedi, S. and Tollefson, T. and Boshoff, C. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2020} }
@inproceedings{eschweiler_moresco_clayton_mckenney_minter_ange-van heugten_2020, title={Considerations for sampling protocols for gastrointestinal microbiome research for human managed western-lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)}, author={Eschweiler, K. and Moresco, A. and Clayton, J. and McKenney, E. and Minter, L.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2020} }
@article{minter_ange-van heugten_harms_stoskopf_2020, title={Digestible Energy Intake and Digestive Efficiency of Human-Managed North American River Otters (Lontra canadensis)}, volume={2020}, ISSN={2090-8113 2042-0048}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4307456}, DOI={10.1155/2020/4307456}, abstractNote={Diets currently provided to captive North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) are highly variable with different institutions providing various whole foods, commercial complete prepared diets, or combinations of both. This study investigated the digestible energy intake, gastrointestinal transit time, and digestive efficiency of three different diets being fed at three North Carolina institutions. Otters housed at Institution A (n = 3) were fed strictly fish. Otters housed at Institutions B (n = 3) and C (n = 2) were fed a majority fish based diet (58.5 and 74.1%, respectively), supplemented with fruits, vegetables, and supplemental protein sources as enrichment. There was an apparent trend between increased percentage of fish in the diet and faster transit time and higher digestive efficiency. As less fish was included in the diets, the GI transit time was longer (Institution A, 106 minutes; Institution B, 145 minutes; Institution C, 208 minutes). Median digestive efficiency was high for all three groups (A, 91.4%; B, 87.8%; C, 89.8%) but was higher for the institutions feeding fish. Additionally, the overall median gross energy intake for the eight animals in this study was 163.1 kcal/kgBM0.75/day (range: 92.2 to 260.7 kcal/kgBM0.75/day). While all three institutions had healthy otter populations, it appears that a higher fish diet should be further studied as the model North American river otter diet.}, journal={Veterinary Medicine International}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Minter, Larry J. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Harms, Craig A. and Stoskopf, Michael K.}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={1–7} }
@inproceedings{burnham_capobianco_jensen_zheng_pettiglio_boshoff_minter_bissell_ange-van heugten_trivedi_2020, place={Burnham, C.M., Capobianco, C.M}, title={Establishing blood ionized calcium and anion gap reference intervals in southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Comparative Nutrition Society}, author={Burnham, C.M. and Capobianco, C.M. and Jensen, M.A. and Zheng, Y. and Pettiglio, J.W. and Boshoff, C.R. and Minter, L.J. and Bissell, H. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Trivedi, S.}, year={2020} }
@article{eertink_wood_pellikaan_minter_ange-van heugten_bosch_2020, title={In-vitro fermentation of commonly fed forage using African elephant Loxodonta africana faecal inoculum}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2214-7594"]}, DOI={10.19227/jzar.v8i4.513}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND AQUARIUM RESEARCH}, author={Eertink, Lianne G. and Wood, Jordan and Pellikaan, Wilbert F. and Minter, Larry J. and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Bosch, Guido}, year={2020}, pages={259–267} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_wood_tollefson_brown_minter_2019, title={African elephant (Loxodonta africana) serum glucose, serum insulin and fecal glucocorticoid concentration fluctuations over a 14-month period with differences between two laboratories for serum glucose}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K. and Wood, J. and Tollefson, T. and Brown, J. and Minter, L.J.}, year={2019} }
@inproceedings{freel_minter_smith_koutsos_tollefson_ridgley_ange-van heugten_2019, title={Cane toad (Rhinella marina) vitamin A, vitamin E, and carotenoid kinetics}, author={Freel, T.A. and Minter, L.J. and Smith, D. and Koutsos, E.A. and Tollefson, T.N. and Ridgley, F.N. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2019} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_freel_smith_koutsos_tollefson_ridgeley_minter_2019, title={Comparisons of serum and liver vitamin A, vitamin E and carotenoid values within wild-caught Cuban tree frogs (Osteopilus septenrionalis) and cane toads (Rhinella marina)}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Freel, T. and Smith, D. and Koutsos, E.A. and Tollefson, T.N. and Ridgeley, F. and Minter, L.J.}, year={2019} }
@article{brown_bray_carlstead_dickey_farin_ange-van heugten_2019, title={Environmental, social, management and health factors associated with within- and between-individual variability in fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in zoo-housed Asian and African elephants}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85094415117&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1101/634691}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={bioRxiv}, author={Brown, J.L. and Bray, J.D. and Carlstead, K. and Dickey, D. and Farin, C. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2019} }
@inproceedings{eschweiler_moresco_clayton_mckenney_minter_ange-van heugten_2019, title={Factors affecting the longitudinal stability of the GI microbiome in gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) under managed care}, author={Eschweiler, K. and Moresco, A. and Clayton, J. and McKenney, E. and Minter, L.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2019} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_wood_minter_tollefson_2019, title={Inconsistency with forage vitamin A and vitamin E analytics concerning for diet formulation}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K. and Wood, J. and Minter, L.J. and Tollefson, T.}, year={2019} }
@article{brown_bray_carlstead_dickey_farin_ange-van heugten_2019, title={Individual and environmental risk factors associated with fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in zoo-housed Asian and African elephants}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0217326}, abstractNote={A recent large-scale welfare study in North America involving 106 Asian (Elephas maximus) and 131 African (Loxodonta africana) elephants at 64 accredited facilities identified links (i.e., risk factors) between zoo environmental factors and a number of welfare outcomes (stereotypic behavior, ovarian acyclicity, hyperprolactinemia, walking and recumbence, body condition, health status, serum cortisol). For this population of elephants, we used the same epidemiological methods to examine associations between those risk factors and two additional welfare outcomes, mean concentration and individual variability (CV) of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations (FGM) as indicators of stress. Results indicate that African elephants are more responsive to social stressors than Asians, and that poor joint health is a stress-related welfare problem for Asian, but not African elephants in the North American population. For both species, higher FGM concentrations were associated with zoos located at more northern latitudes, whereas lower FGM concentrations were associated with having free access to indoor/outdoor spaces, and spending more time in managed interactions with staff. Also important for captive management, elephants having diverse enrichment options and belonging to compatible social groups exhibited reduced intra-individual variability in FGM concentrations. Our findings show that aspects of the zoo environment can be potential sources of stress for captive elephants, and that there are management activities that may facilitate coping with zoo conditions. Given species differences in factors that affected FGM, targeted, species-specific management approaches likely are needed to ensure good welfare for all elephants.}, number={9}, journal={PLOS One}, publisher={Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory}, author={Brown, Janine L. and Bray, Jessica D. and Carlstead, Kathy and Dickey, David and Farin, Charlotte and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly}, editor={Hillmann, EdnaEditor}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={e0217326} }
@book{ange-van heugten_2019, place={Dubuque, IA}, edition={2nd}, title={Introduction to Companion Animals Learning Manual for ANS 105}, ISBN={978–1–5249–91012}, publisher={Kendall Hunt Publishing Co}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2019} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2019, title={Towards a Better Plant Symposium}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2019} }
@inproceedings{chandler_ange-van heugten_thompson_peterson_2018, title={Analysis of barriers to trap, neuter, vaccinate, and return (TNVR) of free-roaming, unowned cats in and around Wake County, NC}, author={Chandler, W. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Thompson, D.M. and Peterson, N.}, year={2018} }
@inproceedings{wood_koutsos_kendall_minter_mccomb_tollefson_ange-van heugten_2018, title={Analysis of the Novel NC Zoo African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Diet and Circulating Vitamin and Carotenoid Concentrations}, booktitle={Proceedings Comparative Nutrition Society}, author={Wood, J. and Koutsos, E. and Kendall, C. and Minter, L. and McComb, A. and Tollefson, T. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2018} }
@inproceedings{freel_archibald_minter_smith_koutsos_tollefson_ange-van heugten_2018, title={Free-Ranging Cane Toad (Rhinella Marina) Vitamin A, E, and Carotenoid Concentration as Transitioned to the NC Zoo Amphibian Diet}, booktitle={Proceedings Comparative Nutrition Society}, author={Freel, T. and Archibald, K. and Minter, L.J. and Smith, D. and Koutsos, E. and Tollefson, T. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2018} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_loomis_2018, title={Mineral Concentrations of Browse Species Consumed by Free-ranging African Elephants in Cameroon Between 2004 – 2005}, booktitle={Proceedings Comparative Nutrition Society}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Loomis, M.}, year={2018} }
@inproceedings{condreay_wood_ange-van heugten._2018, title={Perceptions of Canine Breed Behavior Before and After DNA Breed Identification}, author={Condreay, C. and Wood, J. and Ange-van Heugten., K.D.}, year={2018} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2018, title={WISE (Women in Science Education)}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2018}, month={Apr} }
@inproceedings{wood_koutsos_kendall_minter_mccomb_tollefson_ange-van heugten_2017, title={Analyses of Diet and Serum Mineral Concentrations in African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) Housed at the NC Zoo}, publisher={September}, author={Wood, J. and Koutsos, E.A. and Kendall, C. and Minter, L. and McComb, A. and Tollefson, T. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2017} }
@inproceedings{dass_ange-van heugten_koutsos_minter_2017, title={Analyses of Fatty Acid Profiles in Eastern Box (Terrapene Carolina Carolina) and Common Snapping (Chelydra Serpentine) turtles for Wild and In Human Care Environments}, publisher={September}, author={Dass, K. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Koutsos, E.A. and Minter, L.}, year={2017} }
@inproceedings{bray_ange-van heugten_dickey_farin_carlstead_brown_2017, title={Analysis of Fecal Glucocorticoid Concentration in African (Loxodonta Africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) Elephants in Relation to Management and Nutritional Factors}, publisher={September}, author={Bray, J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Dickey, D. and Farin, C. and Carlstead, K. and Brown, J.}, year={2017} }
@inproceedings{koutsos_minter_ange-van heugten_mejia-fava_harmes_2017, title={Blood fatty acid profiles of juvenile wild green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and Kemp’s ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii}, publisher={September}, author={Koutsos, E.A. and Minter, L. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Mejia-Fava, J. and Harmes, C.}, year={2017} }
@inproceedings{wood_koutsos_kendall_minter_mccomb_ange-van heugten_2017, title={Preliminary Analysis of the New NC Zoo African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Diet and Circulating Nutritional Concentrations}, author={Wood, J. and Koutsos, E.A. and Kendall, C.J. and Minter, J.B. and McComb, A. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2017} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_wood_stone_2017, title={Student Perceptions of Canine Behavior Before and After DNA Shelter Dog Breed Identification}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Wood, J. and Stone, M.}, year={2017} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2016, title={Comparative Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2016} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_2016, title={Impact of Course Delivery Method (Online vs Traditional) and Semester (Fall vs Spring) on Final Grades in a Freshman Animal Science Course Over a Six Year Period}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2016} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_2016, title={Impacts of Mediasite Classroom Capture on Attendance and Final Grades in the Freshmen Course Introduction to Companion Animals}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2016} }
@inproceedings{wood_koutsos_kendall_ange-van heugten_2016, title={Preliminary Analysis of the New North Carolina Zoo African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Diet (with Increased Browse Quantity and Variety & Hay Enhancer™)}, booktitle={Proceedings Comparative Nutrition Society}, publisher={Puerto Rico}, author={Wood, J. and Koutsos, E.A. and Kendall, C.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2016} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2016, title={Stress Hormones and Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2016} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2015, title={Comparative Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2015}, month={Feb} }
@book{ange-van heugten_2015, place={Dubuque, IA}, edition={2nd}, title={Introduction to Companion Animals Learning Manual for ANS 105}, ISBN={978146527579}, publisher={Kendall Hunt Publishing Co}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2015} }
@inbook{heugten_2014, title={Recent advances in woolly monkey nutrition}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85028583885&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/978-1-4939-0697-0_6}, booktitle={The Woolly Monkey: Behavior, Ecology, Systematics, and Captive Research}, publisher={Springer New York}, author={Heugten, Kimberly D. Ange-van}, year={2014}, pages={83–92} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2013, title={Comparative Nutrition: From the Field to the Zoo to the Classroom}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2013} }
@inproceedings{ellis_whisnant_fellner_koutsos_devoe_ange-van heugten_2013, title={Cortisol in the captive southern rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum}, author={Ellis, K.B. and Whisnant, S. and Fellner, V. and Koutsos, E. and DeVoe, R. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2013} }
@inproceedings{minter_ange-van heugten_harms_stoskopf_2012, title={Digestible energy intake and digestive efficiency of captive North American river otters (Lontra Canadensis}, author={Minter, L.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Harms, C.A. and Stoskopf, M.K.}, year={2012} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_pratt-phillips_koutsos_2012, title={Educator Perspectives on Mentoring Exotic Animal Nutrition Research for University Students}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Pratt-Phillips, S. and Koutsos, E.}, year={2012} }
@article{sullivan_freeman_van heugten_ange-van heugten_wolfe_poore_2012, title={Impact of two types of complete pelleted, wild ungulate feeds and two pelleted feed to hay ratios on the development of urolithogenic compounds in meat goats as a model for giraffes}, volume={97}, ISSN={0931-2439}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01297.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01297.x}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Sullivan, K. and Freeman, S. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Wolfe, B. and Poore, M. H.}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={566–576} }
@book{ange-van heugten_2012, place={Dubuque, IA.}, edition={Revised First Edition}, title={Introduction to Companion Animals Learning manual for ANS 105}, ISBN={978075757692}, publisher={Kendall Hunt Publishing Co}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2012} }
@inproceedings{mccomb-renjifo_ange-van heugten_2012, title={Testing carotenoid conversion in bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) at multiple lifestages}, author={McComb-Renjifo, A. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2012} }
@inproceedings{ellis_whisnant_fellner_koutsos_devoe_ange-van heugten_2012, title={The potential effects of diet and environmental stressors on cortisol response in the captive southern rhinoceros (Ceratotheriumimum simum) at the North Carolina Asheboro zoo}, author={Ellis, K.B. and Whisnant, S. and Fellner, V. and Koutsos, E. and DeVoe, R. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2012} }
@inproceedings{mccomb- renijifo_ange-van heugten_valdes_luginbuhl_2011, title={Evaluation of beta-carotene 15,15'-monoozygenase conversion in two anura species}, author={McComb- Renijifo, A. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Valdes, E.V. and Luginbuhl, J.M.}, year={2011} }
@article{ange-van heugten_mccomb-renjifo_2011, title={Impact of duration of an online animal science nutrition course on student learning assessments}, volume={89}, number={E-Suppl.}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and McComb-Renjifo, A.}, year={2011}, pages={410} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_mccomb-renjifo_2011, title={Impact of duration of an online animal science nutrition course on student learning assessments}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and McComb-Renjifo, A.}, year={2011} }
@article{ange-van heugten_2011, title={Wants and needs: what students want may not be what the current comparative companion animal industry needs}, volume={89}, number={E Suppl.}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2011}, pages={425} }
@inproceedings{minter_ange-van heugten_harms_stoskopf_2010, title={Digestible Energy Intake and Digestive Efficiency of Captive North American River Otters (Lontra canadensis)}, author={Minter, L.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Harms, C.A. and Stoskopf, M.K.}, year={2010} }
@inproceedings{giesen_ange-van heugten_bergl_webb_2010, title={Effect of miracle fruit (Synsepalum dulcificum) on the consumption of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and gorilla (gorilla gorilla sp) dietary supplements at NC Zoo}, author={Giesen, M. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Bergl, R. and Webb, T.}, year={2010} }
@inproceedings{mccomb- renjifo_devoe_luginbuhl_ange-van heugten_2010, title={Evaluation of Three Vitamin A Supplementation Methods in a Captive Toad Population}, author={McComb- Renjifo, A. and DeVoe, R. and Luginbuhl, J.M. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2010} }
@article{seabolt_van heugten_kim_ange-van heugten_roura_2010, title={Feed preferences and performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing various inclusion amounts and qualities of distillers coproducts and flavor1}, volume={88}, ISSN={0021-8812 1525-3163}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2640}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2009-2640}, abstractNote={We evaluated the preferences of nursery pigs for diets containing increasing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), varying in color, or high-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) and the effects of flavor supplementation on pig preference and growth performance. In Exp. 1 through 5, diet preference was determined in weanling pigs adjusted to a commercial diet for at least 10 d, and then housed individually for a 2-d double-choice preference test. In Exp. 1, a total of 60 pigs (11.6 ± 0.3 kg of BW) were given a choice between a reference diet (0% DDGS) and test diets containing 0, 10, 20, or 30% DDGS. In Exp. 2, a total of 80 pigs (10.8 ± 0.1 kg of BW) were given a choice between a reference diet (0% HP-DDG) and diets containing 0, 10, 20, or 30% HP-DDG. In Exp. 3, a total of 80 pigs (10.3 ± 0.2 kg of BW) were given a choice between a reference diet (0% DDGS) and a diet containing 0%, 30% light, or 30% dark DDGS. In Exp. 4, a total of 80 pigs (11.2 ± 0.2 kg of BW) were given a choice between a reference diet without DDGS and a diet containing either 0% DDGS, 10 or 20% light DDGS, or 10 or 20% dark DDGS. In Exp. 5, a total of 108 pigs (9.0 ± 0.2 kg of BW) were given a choice between a reference diet (0% DDGS and no flavor) and a diet without or with flavor and containing 0, 10, or 20% DDGS. In Exp. 1 and 2, DDGS and HP-DDG, respectively, linearly decreased (P < 0.01) pig preference. In Exp. 3, dark DDGS were preferred (P < 0.05) compared with light DDGS. In Exp. 4, preferences were linearly reduced (P < 0.01) with DDGS inclusion, and dark DDGS tended (P = 0.06) to be preferred compared with light DDGS. In Exp. 5, DDGS reduced preference (P < 0.01) and flavor reduced preference (P < 0.01) regardless of DDGS level. In Exp. 6, a total of 192 pigs (6.7 ± 0.1 kg of BW) were fed starter 1 diets without or with flavor for 1 wk. Subsequently, pigs were fed starter 2 and 3 diets (2 wk each) containing 0, 10, or 20% DDGS while continuing to receive their respective flavor treatment. Flavor addition during the starter 1 phase increased ADFI (P = 0.02), and DDGS inclusion tended to decrease ADG (P = 0.06) and decreased ADFI (P = 0.03) during the starter 2 phase. Volatile components in DDGS and HP-DDG varied greatly depending on the source. Nursery pigs preferred a diet without DDGS or HP-DDG, and this appeared to be unrelated to color differences between sources. Knowledge of volatile compounds that enhance or suppress the palatability of feed may lead to further development of feed additives for masking relatively unpalatable, albeit cost-effective, ingredients.}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Seabolt, B. S. and van Heugten, E. and Kim, S. W. and Ange-van Heugten, K. D. and Roura, E.}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={3725–3738} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_mccomb_2010, title={Impact of online course duration on student performance in animal science nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and McComb, A.R.}, year={2010} }
@book{ange-van heugten_2010, place={Dubuque, IA.}, title={Introduction to Companion Animals Learning manual for ANS 105}, ISBN={978075757692}, publisher={Kendall Hunt Publishing Co}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2010} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_dombrowski_bradley_2010, title={Mineral Concentrations and Dart Frog Consumption Rates of Cultivated Fruit Flies}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Dombrowski, D. and Bradley, P.}, year={2010} }
@article{heugten_heugten_verstegen_2010, title={Sixteen-year review of the population trends and mortality causes for captive Woolly monkey Lagothrix spp}, volume={44}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952683148&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1748-1090.2009.00106.x}, abstractNote={Woolly monkeys Lagothrix spp are difficult to maintain and breed successfully. These species are threatened in the wild and conservationists need to be aware of their plight in captivity if attempts to sustain the species are ultimately required. Written survey reports, International Species Information System record analysis and Woolly monkey studbook record analysis were completed to gather data on the survivability of the Woolly monkey population in captivity from 1990 to 2005. The Woolly monkey population decreased by 11% and the number of institutions holding these species also decreased. In addition, the birth to death ratio is negatively inverted (0·65:1·00). This is most pronounced in ♀♀ (0·47:1·00). The primary causes of death were infant mortality and complications during pregnancy, heart and hypertension disease, and bacterial and protozoan disease. The primary known causes of death in Woolly monkeys and both the genetic and nutritional relationship to reproductive success need further examination to conserve these species in both captivity and the wild.}, number={1}, journal={International Zoo Yearbook}, publisher={Wiley}, author={HEUGTEN, K. ANGE-VAN and HEUGTEN, E. VAN and VERSTEGEN, M. W. A.}, year={2010}, month={Feb}, pages={212–217} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2010, title={Woolly Monkey Nutritional Concerns (Fact & Fiction)}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2010} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2009, title={ANS 225 – Principles of Animal Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2009} }
@article{sullivan_van heugten_ange-van heugten_poore_dierenfeld_wolfe_2009, title={Analysis of nutrient concentrations in the diet, serum, and urine of giraffe from surveyed North American zoological institutions}, volume={29}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.20278}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.20278}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Sullivan, Kathleen and van Heugten, Eric and Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Poore, Matthew H. and Dierenfeld, Ellen S. and Wolfe, Barbara}, year={2009}, pages={n/a-n/a} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2009, title={Exotic Nutrition for Veterinary Students}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2009} }
@article{ange-van heugten_van heugten_timmer_bosch_elias_whisnant_swarts_ferket_verstegen_2009, title={Fecal and Salivary Cortisol Concentrations in Woolly (Lagothrix ssp.) and Spider Monkeys (Ateles spp.)}, volume={2009}, ISSN={1687-8477 1687-8485}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/127852}, DOI={10.1155/2009/127852}, abstractNote={Detrimental physiological effects due to stressors can contribute to the low captive success of primates. The objective of this research was to investigate the potential impact of diet composition on cortisol concentrations in feces and saliva in woolly (n=27) and spider monkeys (n=61). The research was conducted in three studies: the first investigated spider monkeys in the United States, the second investigated spider monkeys within Europe, and the third investigated woolly monkeys within Europe. Fecal cortisol in spider monkeys in US zoos varied (P=.07) from 30 to 66 ng/g. The zoo with the highest fecal cortisol also had the highest salivary cortisol (P≤.05). For European zoos, fecal cortisol differed between zoos for both spider and woolly monkeys (P≤.05). Spider monkeys had higher fecal cortisol than woolly monkeys (P≤.05). Zoos with the highest dietary carbohydrates, sugars, glucose, and fruit had the highest cortisol. Cortisol was highest for zoos that did not meet crude protein requirements and fed the lowest percentage of complete feeds and crude fiber. Differences among zoos in housing and diets may increase animal stress. The lifespan and reproductive success of captive primates could improve if stressors are reduced and dietary nutrients optimized.}, journal={International Journal of Zoology}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly D. and van Heugten, Eric and Timmer, Saskia and Bosch, Guido and Elias, Abahor and Whisnant, Scott and Swarts, Hans J. M. and Ferket, Peter and Verstegen, Martin W. A.}, year={2009}, pages={1–9} }
@inproceedings{nomina_ange-van heugten_2009, title={Pet Relinquishments at Second Chance Pet Adoptions}, author={Nomina, J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2009} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2008, title={ANS 105: Introduction to Companion Animals}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@inproceedings{baker_cope_ange-van heugten_2008, title={Canine “Biggest Loser” weight management program}, author={Baker, C. and Cope, R.D. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2008, title={Captive Nutrition Management in Callitrichidae. What do we know and how do we know it?}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@inproceedings{baker_ange-van heugten_devoe_2008, title={Dietary Evaluation of Four Exotic Species at North Carolina Zoological Park}, author={Baker, C. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Devoe, R.}, year={2008} }
@inproceedings{seabolt_heugten_ange-van heugten_2008, title={Evaluating diet preferences in pigs with potential application in zoo species}, author={Seabolt, B.S. and Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@article{seabolt_van heugten_ange-van heugten_roura_2008, title={Feed preferences in nursery pigs fed diets containing varying fractions and qualities of dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS)}, volume={86}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Seabolt, B.S. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Roura, E.}, year={2008}, pages={447} }
@phdthesis{ange-van heugten_2008, place={The Netherlands}, title={Nutritional Analyses and Intervention in the Captive Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha)}, ISBN={9789085049012}, school={Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@article{ange-van heugten_timmer_jansen_verstegen_2008, title={Nutritional and health status of woolly monkeys}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1573-8604"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40549098990&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s10764-008-9233-1}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Timmer, Saskia and Jansen, Walter L. and Verstegen, Martin W. A.}, year={2008}, month={Feb}, pages={183–194} }
@inproceedings{baker_ange-van heugten_cope_2008, title={Obesity in Canis familiaris}, author={Baker, C. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Cope, R.D.}, year={2008} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2008, title={Recent Research in Callitrichids}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2008} }
@article{ange-van heugten_verstegen_ferket_stoskopf_van heugten_2008, title={Serum chemistry concentrations of captive woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha)}, volume={27}, ISSN={0733-3188 1098-2361}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.20176}, DOI={10.1002/zoo.20176}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Zoo Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Ange-van Heugten, Kimberly and Verstegen, Martin and Ferket, Peter R. and Stoskopf, Michael and van Heugten, Eric}, year={2008}, pages={188–199} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2007, title={ANS 225: Principles of Animal Nutrition. A Delta Idea Grant Success Story}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2007}, month={May} }
@inproceedings{horton_ange-van heugten_2007, title={Analysis of Prevalent Canine Ailments from Greenville, North Carolina}, author={Horton, D. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2007} }
@article{ange-van heugten_burns_verstegen_jansen_ferket_heugten_2007, title={Evaluation of diabetes determinants in woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha)}, volume={91}, ISSN={["1439-0396"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35948977775&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00679.x}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={11-12}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K. D. and Burns, R. and Verstegen, M. W. A. and Jansen, W. L. and Ferket, P. R. and Heugten, E.}, year={2007}, month={Dec}, pages={481–491} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_verstegen_swarts_bosch_ferket_ruijs_van heugten_2007, title={Fecal cortisol in two new world primate species supplemented with inulin type fructans}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Verstegen, M.W.A. and Swarts, H. and Bosch, G. and Ferket, P. and Ruijs, J. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2007} }
@article{sullivan_freeman_poore_van heugten_ange-van heugten_wolf_2007, title={Impact of types of pelleted feed and two pellet to hay ratios on the development of urolithogenic compounds in meat goats}, volume={85}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Sullivan, K. and Freeman, S. and Poore, M. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Wolf, B.}, year={2007}, pages={506} }
@book{ange-van heugten_seabolt_farris_ange_2007, title={Nutritional Requirements for Working Dogs}, number={AG-670}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K. and Seabolt, B. and Farris, B. and Ange, D.}, year={2007}, pages={1–4} }
@inproceedings{sullivan_van heugten_ange-van heugten_poore_freeman_wolfe_2007, title={The Impact of Nutritional Factors on the Development of Phosphatic Uroliths Using Meat Goats as a Model for Captive Giraffe}, author={Sullivan, K. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Poore, M.H. and Freeman, S. and Wolfe, B.}, year={2007} }
@inproceedings{carter_ange-van heugten_2007, title={The body condition scoring of exotic felids}, author={Carter, R.S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2007} }
@inproceedings{sullivan_van heugten_ange-van heugten_poore_dierenfeld_wolfe_2006, title={An evaluation of nutrient concentrations in the diet, serum, and urine of giraffe from a survey of North American zoological institutions and their possible relation to urolithiasis in giraffes}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium}, author={Sullivan, K. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Poore, M. and Dierenfeld, E. and Wolfe, B.}, year={2006}, pages={181–186} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2006, title={Comparative Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2006} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_hockett_2006, title={Cortisol measures indicate exam date is significant stressor for students}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D. and Hockett, M.E.}, year={2006} }
@article{van heugten_ange-van heugten_zhang_roura_2006, title={Development of a model to determine preferences for feed ingredients in young pigs}, volume={84}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Zhang, W. and Roura, E.}, year={2006}, pages={45} }
@book{seabolt_ange-van heugten_2006, title={How to Handle Cat Behaviors}, number={AG-669}, author={Seabolt, B. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2006}, pages={1–4} }
@inproceedings{seabolt_ange-van heugten_2006, title={Implications of Apartment Companion Animal Restrictions within Wake County}, author={Seabolt, B.S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2006} }
@inproceedings{ange_crissey_2006, place={Fürth, Germany}, title={Nutritional Databank Overview}, booktitle={Zoo animal nutrition III}, publisher={Filander Verlag}, author={Ange, K.D. and Crissey, S.D.}, editor={Fidgett, A. and Clauss, M. and Eulenberger, K. and Hatt, J.-M. and Hume, I. and Janssens, G. and Nijboer, J.Editors}, year={2006} }
@inproceedings{hockett_ange-van heugten_2006, title={Previous exposure to instructor techniques impacts performance}, author={Hockett, M.E. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2006} }
@inproceedings{rush_ange-van heugten_2006, title={Survey of spider and woolly monkey diets and health histories at thirteen institutions}, author={Rush, C.M. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2006} }
@book{seabolt_ange-van heugten_2006, title={The Best Pet for You}, number={AG-668}, author={Seabolt, B. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2006}, pages={1–8} }
@inproceedings{timmer_ange-van heugten_2006, title={The influence of nutrition on the health status of captive woolly monkeys}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium}, author={Timmer, S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2006}, pages={187–190} }
@inproceedings{strother_ange-van heugten_2005, title={American Kennel Club Parent Club Survey}, author={Strother, K.M. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{balance_ange-van heugten_poore_wolfe_2005, title={Endophyte Infested Tall Fescue and its Relationship to Mandible Lesions and Lowered Reproductive Performance in Thompson’s Gazelles and Impalas}, author={Balance, C. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Poore, M. and Wolfe, B.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{rush_ange-van heugten_2005, title={Non-profit organizations and their impact on companion animal management}, author={Rush, C.M. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{sullivan_van heugten_ange-van heugten_dierenfeld_wolfe_2005, title={Survey of nutrient concentrations in the diet, serum, and urine of giraffe maintained in North American zoos}, author={Sullivan, K. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Dierenfeld, E. and Wolfe, B.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{timmer_ange-van heugten_jansen_verstegen_rush_van heugten_2005, title={Survey of spider and woolly monkey diets and health histories at thirteen institutions}, author={Timmer, S. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Jansen, W. and Verstegen, M. and Rush, C. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{seabolt_ange-van heugten_2005, title={Textbook versus applied canine breed genetic health issues as a teaching aid for ANS 400}, author={Seabolt, B.S. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{burdo_ange-van heugten_2005, title={The Effectiveness of Voluntary Practice Quizzes and Review Sessions on Student Quiz, Exam, and Overall Class Grades}, author={Burdo, E.J. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2005} }
@inproceedings{seate_ange-van heugten_2005, title={Wildlife: Diseases and care}, author={Seate, J.L. and Ange-van Heugten, K.}, year={2005} }
@book{kerr_lemaster_veristain_david_ange_brady_clowser_conway_kimberling_nold_et al._2004, title={All Systems Go}, publisher={National 4-H Cooperative Curriculum System, Inc.}, author={Kerr, S. and Lemaster, W. and Veristain, K. and David, E. and Ange, K. and Brady, C. and Clowser, S. and Conway, A. and Kimberling, C. and Nold, R. and et al.}, year={2004} }
@book{ange_2004, title={Choosing the right dog}, number={AG-649}, author={Ange, K.}, year={2004}, pages={1–4} }
@inproceedings{ange-van heugten_jansen_verstegen_burns_van heugten_2004, title={Diabetes Parameters of Woolly Monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha) as Indicators of Health Status}, booktitle={The 2nd Crissey Zoological Symposium}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K. and Jansen, W. and Verstegen, M. and Burns, R. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2004}, pages={81–84} }
@book{kerr_lemaster_veristain_david_ange_brady_clowser_conway_kimberling_nold_et al._2004, title={From Airedales to Zebras}, publisher={National 4-H Cooperative Curriculum System, Inc}, author={Kerr, S. and Lemaster, W. and Veristain, K. and David, E. and Ange, K. and Brady, C. and Clowser, S. and Conway, A. and Kimberling, C. and Nold, R. and et al.}, year={2004} }
@misc{ange-van heugten_2004, title={Nutrition}, author={Ange-van Heugten, K.D.}, year={2004} }
@book{kerr_lemaster_veristain_david_ange_brady_clowser_conway_kimberling_nold_et al._2004, title={On The Cutting Edge}, publisher={National 4-H Cooperative Curriculum System, Inc.}, author={Kerr, S. and Lemaster, W. and Veristain, K. and David, E. and Ange, K. and Brady, C. and Clowser, S. and Conway, A. and Kimberling, C. and Nold, R. and et al.}, year={2004} }
@book{ange_2004, title={Pets and babies}, number={AG-652}, author={Ange, K.}, year={2004}, pages={1–4} }
@article{crissey_ange_slifka_sadler_kahn_ward_2004, title={Serum lipid concentrations in six canid and four ursid species in four zoos}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1042-7260"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2942562363&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1638/00-091}, abstractNote={Abstract Serum lipid levels were measured in healthy captive wild canids and ursids, and the values were compared with previously published data. Serum lipid levels were evaluated in blood samples collected from eight African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), three arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), nine gray wolves (Canis lupus), four maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus), two Mexican wolves (Canis lupus baleiyi), nine red wolves (Canis rufus), two brown bears (Ursus arctos), six polar bears (Ursus maritimus), six spectacled bears (Tremarctos ornatus), and five sun bears (Ursus malayanus). Samples were analyzed for total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol. Although the results showed a great variation among species, circulating lipids appeared especially high, sometimes extremely so, in the spectacled bears, polar bears, sun bears, and maned wolves compared with all other species sampled. The study provides a substantial basis for comparing lipid levels in presumed healthy animals and indicates a need for controlled study of the effects of diet on circulating lipid levels.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Crissey, SD and Ange, KD and Slifka, KA and Sadler, W and Kahn, S and Ward, AM}, year={2004}, month={Mar}, pages={34–39} }
@inproceedings{sullivan_van heugten_ange-van heugten_wolfe_2004, title={Survey of giraffe diet and health histories among North American Zoos}, booktitle={The 2nd Crissey Zoological Symposium}, author={Sullivan, K. and van Heugten, E. and Ange-van Heugten, K. and Wolfe, B.}, year={2004}, pages={79–80} }
@book{kerr_lemaster_veristain_david_ange_brady_clowser_conway_kimberling_nold_et al._2004, title={Veterinary Science Helper’s Guide}, publisher={National 4-H Cooperative Curriculum System, Inc.}, author={Kerr, S. and Lemaster, W. and Veristain, K. and David, E. and Ange, K. and Brady, C. and Clowser, S. and Conway, A. and Kimberling, C. and Nold, R. and et al.}, year={2004} }
@inproceedings{ange_jansen_verstegen_burns_van heugten_2004, title={Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) serum chemistry measurements as an indicator of health status}, author={Ange, K. and Jansen, W. and Verstegen, M. and Burns, R. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2004} }
@inproceedings{james_ange_2003, title={Educators Aid in Eliminating Student Misconceptions}, author={James, M. and Ange, K.D.}, year={2003} }
@inproceedings{ange_slifka_van heugten_crissey_2003, title={Nutritional concentrations in captive baboons (Papio hamydryas papio) at the Brookfield Zoo; serum chemistry, lipoprotein profile}, booktitle={First Annual Crissey Zoological Symposium}, author={Ange, K.D. and Slifka, K.A. and van Heugten, E. and Crissey, S.D.}, year={2003}, pages={15–16} }
@inproceedings{ange_crissey_2003, title={Nutritional databank overview}, number={Special Issue on Zoo Nutrition 3}, booktitle={European Association of Zoos and Aquariums News}, author={Ange, K.D. and Crissey, S.D.}, year={2003}, month={Sep}, pages={12–13} }
@article{crissey_ange_jacobsen_slifka_bowen_stacewicz-sapuntzakis_langman_sadler_kahn_ward_2003, title={Serum concentrations of lipids, vitamin D metabolites, retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids in twelve captive wild felid species at four zoos}, volume={133}, ISSN={["0022-3166"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037224646&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/jn/133.1.160}, abstractNote={Serum concentrations of several nutrients were measured in 12 captive wild felid species including caracal (Felis caracal), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), cougar (Felis concolor), fishing cat (Felis viverrinus), leopard (Panthera pardus), lion (Panthera leo), ocelot (Felis pardalis), pallas cat (Felis manul), sand cat (Felis margarita), serval (Felis serval), snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and tiger (Panthera tigris). Diet information was collected for these animals from each participating zoo (Brookfield Zoo, Fort Worth Zoo, Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens and North Carolina Zoological Park). The nutritional composition of the diets at each institution met the probable dietary requirements for each species except for the pallas cat. Blood samples were collected from each animal (n = 69) and analyzed for lipids (total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), vitamin D metabolites [25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)(2)D)], vitamin A (retinol, retinyl stearate and retinyl palmitate), vitamin E (alpha- and gamma-tocopherol) and selected carotenoids. Species differences were found for all except triacylglycerides and 1,25(OH)(2)D. Genus differences were found for retinol, retinyl palmitate, retinyl stearate, gamma-tocopherol and beta-carotene. Circulating nutrient concentrations for many of the species in this study have not been reported previously and most have not been compared with the animals' dietary intakes. The large number of animals analyzed provides a substantial base for comparing the serum nutrient concentrations of healthy animals, for both wild and captive exotic species.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF NUTRITION}, author={Crissey, SD and Ange, KD and Jacobsen, KL and Slifka, KA and Bowen, PE and Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M and Langman, CB and Sadler, W and Kahn, S and Ward, A}, year={2003}, month={Jan}, pages={160–166} }
@inproceedings{ange_rhodes_crissey_2002, title={Browse Consumption and Preference in the Rodriguez Fruit Bat}, author={Ange, K. and Rhodes, S. and Crissey, S}, year={2002} }
@inproceedings{ange_crissey_2002, title={Nutritional Status Databank Overview}, booktitle={Joint Nutrition Symposium}, author={Ange, K. and Crissey, S.}, year={2002}, pages={137} }
@book{ange_van heugten_2002, title={Obesity Part 1: The Reasons Why Obesity in Companion Animals is Not a Laughing Matter}, number={ANS 02-1002C}, journal={Animal Science Facts}, author={Ange, K.D. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2002}, pages={1–4} }
@book{ange_van heugten_2002, title={Obesity Part 2: Treating Obesity in Companion Animals}, number={ANS 02-1003C}, journal={Animal Science Facts}, author={Ange, K.D. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2002}, pages={1–4} }
@article{ange_2002, title={Practical student experiences aid in education on controversial animal topics}, volume={80}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ange, K.}, year={2002}, pages={656} }
@book{ange_van heugten_2002, title={Understanding cat and dog food labels}, journal={Animal Science Facts}, author={Ange, K.D. and van Heugten, E.}, year={2002}, pages={1–7} }
@inproceedings{ange_crissey_doyle_lance_hintz_2001, title={A survey of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephant diets and measured body dimensions compared to their estimated nutrient requirements}, author={Ange, K. and Crissey, S.D. and Doyle, C. and Lance, K. and Hintz, H.}, year={2001} }
@article{ange_rhodes_crissey_2001, title={Browse Consumption and Preference in the Rodriguez Fruit Bat (Pteropus rodricensis}, volume={28}, number={12}, journal={Journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers}, author={Ange, K. and Rhodes, S. and Crissey, S}, year={2001}, pages={475–482} }
@article{crissey_ange_slifka_bowen_stacewicz-sapuntzakis_langman_sadler_ward_2001, title={Serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites, vitamins A and E, and carotenoids in six canid and four ursid species at four zoos}, volume={128}, ISSN={1095-6433}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(00)00289-0}, DOI={10.1016/s1095-6433(00)00289-0}, abstractNote={Nutritional status for six captive canid species (n=34) and four captive ursid species (n=18) were analyzed. The species analyzed included: African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), gray wolf (Canis lupus), maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baleiyi), red wolf (Canis rufus), brown bear (Ursus arctos), polar bear (Ursus maritimus), spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), and sun bear (Ursus malayanus). Diet information was collected for these animals from each participating zoo (Brookfield Zoo, Fort Worth Zoo, Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, and North Carolina Zoological Park). The nutritional composition of the diet for each species at each institution met probable dietary requirements. Blood samples were collected from each animal and analyzed for vitamin D metabolites 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D, vitamin A (retinol, retinyl stearate, retinyl palmitate), vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) and selected carotenoids. Family differences were found for 25(OH)D, retinol, retinyl stearate, retinyl palmitate and γ-tocopherol. Species differences were found for all detectable measurements. Carotenoids were not detected in any species. The large number of animals contributing to these data, provides a substantial base for comparing the nutritional status of healthy animals and the differences among them.}, number={1}, journal={Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Crissey, Susan and Ange, Kimberly and Slifka, Kerri and Bowen, Phyllis and Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, Maria and Langman, Craig and Sadler, William and Ward, Ann}, year={2001}, month={Jan}, pages={155–165} }
@inproceedings{crissey_slifka_barr_bowen_stacewicz-sapuntzakis_langman_ward_meerdink_ange_2000, title={Blood nutritional parameters of captive apes at 4 zoos}, author={Crissey, S. and Slifka, K. and Barr, J. and Bowen, P. and Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M. and Langman, C. and Ward, A. and Meerdink, G. and Ange, K.}, year={2000} }
@article{ange_eisemann_argenzio_almond_blikslager_2000, title={Effects of feed physical form and buffering solutes on water disappearance and proximal stomach pH in swine.}, volume={78}, ISSN={0021-8812}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2000.7892344x}, DOI={10.2527/2000.7892344x}, abstractNote={The effects of the physical form of feed on water disappearance and the effects of buffered water on proximal stomach pH in swine were determined in two experiments. In Exp. 1, 32 barrows were used to evaluate the water disappearance in pigs fed a finely ground and pelleted diet vs those fed a coarsely ground and mashed diet for ad libitum consumption over a 2-wk interval. There were four replicates with eight pigs per replicate. Average daily water and feed disappearance did not differ (P = 0.06 and P = 0.10, respectively). However, average daily water to feed ratio was higher for pigs on the pelleted diet (4.21+/-0.31 L/kg vs 3.04+/-0.33 L/kg; P = 0.02). The higher ratio for the pelleted diet indicated that this may be the cause of a more fluid digesta allowing reflux of irritants from the distal stomach to damage the pars esophageal region of the proximal stomach. In Exp. 2, four barrows (25+/-2 kg) had gastric cannulas surgically implanted into the proximal region of the stomach. Pigs were given ad libitum access to a finely ground and pelleted diet. The experimental design was a Latin square. Water treatments included water (control), 200 mOsm NaHCO3, 250 mOsm NaHCO3, and 250 mOsm mono-dibasic sodium phosphate. Pigs were given a 4-d adjustment period, and pH measurements began on the morning of the 5th d and continued for 24 h under normal feeding conditions. Feed was removed and measurements were continued for 16 h. Buffered water raised the pH of the proximal region of the stomach compared to the control (P < 0.001). Average pH while consuming the water treatments was 3.65+/-0.11 (n = 4) for water control, 4.86+/-0.11 (n = 4) for the 200 mOsm NaHCO3, 4.63+/-0.11 (n = 4) for the 250 mOsm NaHCO3, and 4.59+/-0.14 (n = 3) for the 250 mOsm mono-dibasic sodium phosphate. Buffers also raised the pH of the proximal region of the stomach for the fed (P < 0.001) and the feed restriction (P < 0.01) phases of the trial. Water disappearance rates in pigs given NaHCO3 were higher than in the control (P < 0.01). Average daily water disappearance for the treatments was 9.13+/-0.74 L for the control, 13.56+/-0.74 L for 200 mOsm NaHCO3, 13.77+/-0.74 L for the 250 mOsm NaHCO3, and 10.33+/-0.95 L for the phosphate buffer. The proximal pH of the stomach was increased by adding buffers to the water supply. Addition of NaHCO3 buffers also caused increased water disappearance.}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Ange, K D and Eisemann, J H and Argenzio, R A and Almond, G W and Blikslager, A T}, year={2000}, pages={2344} }
@inproceedings{crissey_ange_slifka_sadler_kahn_ward_2000, title={Serum concentrations of lipids in four ursid and six canid species at four zoos}, author={Crissey, S. and Ange, K. and Slifka, K. and Sadler, W. and Kahn, S. and Ward, A}, year={2000} }
@inproceedings{slifka_crissey_bowen_stacewicz-sapuntzakis_ange_2000, title={Serum retinol, retinyl palmitate, alpha and gamma tocopherol and carotenoids in captive baboons (Papio cynocephalus papio)}, author={Slifka, K. and Crissey, S. and Bowen, P. and Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M. and Ange, K.}, year={2000} }
@article{ange_eisemann_argenzio_almond_1999, title={Proximal pH changes in the porcine stomach in response to buffers in the water supply}, volume={77}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Ange, K. and Eisemann, J. and Argenzio, A. and Almond, G.}, year={1999}, pages={199} }
@article{crissey_barr_slifka_bowen_stacewicz-sapuntzakis_langman_ward_ange_1999, title={Serum concentrations of lipids, vitamins A and E, vitamin D metabolites, and carotenoids in nine primate species at four zoos}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033274037&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1098-2361(1999)18:6<551::AID-ZOO9>3.0.CO;2-S}, abstractNote={The purpose of this work was to measure important nutritional status parameters for captive primates, compare those with published data, and look for a link with diet. The nutritional status of nine captive primate species was examined using biochemical analysis. The species were spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza), sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus), Schmidt's monkeys (Cercopithecus ascanius), mandrills (Papio sphinx), baboons (Papio cynocephalus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla). Diet information was collected by survey and the estimated nutritional composition of the diet for each species at each institution was compared with non-human primate nutrient requirements. On the average, the captive primates received diets that met or exceeded recommended dietary guidelines for vitamins A, D, and E for non-human primates. Blood samples were collected from 94 primates held at Brookfield Zoo, Fort Worth Zoo, Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, and North Carolina Zoological Park and analyzed for lipids, vitamins A and E, D metabolites, and carotenoids. Several species showed differences among zoos for some nutrients, but values from any one zoo were not consistently lower. When monkeys were compared with great apes, monkeys had lower serum total cholesterol, triacylglyceride, and measured LDL cholesterol levels, but significantly higher vitamin D metabolite levels. Species differences were found for serum A, E, and carotenoid levels (with the exception of lycopene). Some differences were seen in serum retinol, retinyl palmitate and γ-tocopherol. The relatively large number of animals contributing to this database and the fact that the data were collected from four zoos provide a substantial base for comparing nutritional status. Comparisons of these serum levels with previously published values for selected primates and humans revealed some differences. Zoo Biol 18:551–564, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, number={6}, journal={Zoo Biology}, author={Crissey, S.D. and Barr, J.E. and Slifka, K.A. and Bowen, P.E. and Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M. and Langman, C. and Ward, A. and Ange, K.}, year={1999}, pages={551–564} }
@book{5th crissey zoological nutrition symposium, publisher={Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine} }
@book{6th crissey zoological nutrition symposium, publisher={Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine} }
@book{first annual crissey zoological nutrition symposium, publisher={Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine} }
@book{second annual crissey zoological nutrition symposium, publisher={Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine} }
@book{third annual crissey zoological nutrition symposium, publisher={Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine} }