@article{harlow_griesgraber_seman_shuping_sommer_griffith_hileman_nestor_2022, title={The impact of undernutrition on KNDy (kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin) neurons in female lambs}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1365-2826"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13135}, DOI={10.1111/jne.13135}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Harlow, KaLynn and Griesgraber, Max J. and Seman, Andrew D. and Shuping, Sydney L. and Sommer, Jeffrey R. and Griffith, Emily H. and Hileman, Stanley M. and Nestor, Casey C.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{harlow_renwick_shuping_sommer_lents_knauer_nestor_2021, title={Evidence that pubertal status impacts kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin neurons in the gilt(dagger)}, volume={105}, ISSN={["1529-7268"]}, DOI={10.1093/biolre/ioab189}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION}, author={Harlow, KaLynn and Renwick, Allison N. and Shuping, Sydney L. and Sommer, Jeffrey R. and Lents, Clay A. and Knauer, Mark T. and Nestor, Casey C.}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={1533–1544} }
 @article{aerts_harlow_griesgraber_bowdridge_hardy_nestor_hileman_2021, title={Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B, and Dynorphin Expression during Pubertal Development in Female Sheep}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2079-7737"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10100988}, DOI={10.3390/biology10100988}, abstractNote={The neural mechanisms underlying increases in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion that drive puberty onset are unknown. Neurons coexpressing kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin, i.e., KNDy neurons, are important as kisspeptin and NKB are stimulatory, and dynorphin inhibitory, to GnRH secretion. Given this, we hypothesized that kisspeptin and NKB expression would increase, but that dynorphin expression would decrease, with puberty. We collected blood and hypothalamic tissue from ovariectomized lambs implanted with estradiol at five, six, seven, eight (puberty), and ten months of age. Mean LH values and LH pulse frequency were the lowest at five to seven months, intermediate at eight months, and highest at ten months. Kisspeptin and NKB immunopositive cell numbers did not change with age. Numbers of cells expressing mRNA for kisspeptin, NKB, or dynorphin were similar at five, eight, and ten months of age. Age did not affect mRNA expression per cell for kisspeptin or NKB, but dynorphin mRNA expression per cell was elevated at ten months versus five months. Thus, neither KNDy protein nor mRNA expression changed in a predictable manner during pubertal development. These data raise the possibility that KNDy neurons, while critical, may await other inputs for the initiation of puberty.}, number={10}, journal={BIOLOGY-BASEL}, author={Aerts, Eliana G. and Harlow, KaLynn and Griesgraber, Max J. and Bowdridge, Elizabeth C. and Hardy, Steven L. and Nestor, Casey C. and Hileman, Stanley M.}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @article{harlow_renwick_shuping_sommer_knauer_nestor_2020, title={Effects of genetic selection for early puberty on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in gilts}, volume={98}, ISSN={["1525-3163"]}, DOI={10.1093/jas/skaa054.368}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE}, author={Harlow, KaLynn and Renwick, Allison and Shuping, Sydney and Sommer, Jeff and Knauer, Mark and Nestor, Casey}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={212–212} }
 @article{harlow_ferreira_sobreira_casey_stewart_2019, title={Lipidome profiles of postnatal day 2 vaginal swabs reflect fat composition of gilt’s postnatal diet}, volume={3}, url={https://doi.org/10.1101/593392}, DOI={10.1101/593392}, abstractNote={Abstract}, publisher={Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory}, author={Harlow, KaLynn and Ferreira, Christina R. and Sobreira, Tiago J.P. and Casey, Theresa and Stewart, Kara}, year={2019}, month={Mar} }
 @article{harlow_ferreira_sobreira_casey_stewart_2019, title={Lipidome profiles of postnatal day 2 vaginal swabs reflect fat composition of gilt’s postnatal diet}, url={https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215186}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0215186}, abstractNote={We hypothesized that postnatal development of the vagina is impacted by early nutritional environment. Our objective was to determine if lipid profiles of vaginal swabs were different between gilts suckled by sow or fed milk replacer the first 48 h postpartum, with and without a lard-based fat supplement. Gilts (>1.3 kg) were selected at birth across 8 litters and assigned to treatments: colostrum suckled (S, n=8); S plus fat supplement (SF, n=5); bottle-fed milk replacer (B, n=8); or B plus fat supplement (BF, n=7). At 48 h postnatal, vaginal swabs were taken with a cytology brush, immersed in ultrapure water to burst cells, and lipids extracted for analysis using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-profiling. Lipids extracted from serum collected at 48 h from gilts and milk collected from sows at 24 h were also analyzed with MRM-profiling. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis found 18 lipids highly distinguished [area-under-the-curve (AUC) > 0.9] between S and B gilts, including phosphatidylethanolamine with 34 carbon and four unsaturations in the fatty acyl residues [PE(34:4)]. Twelve lipids from vaginal swabs highly correlated (r > 0.6; p < 0.01) with nutrition source. Lipids more abundant in milk replacer drove association. For example, mean intensity of PE (34:4) was 149-fold higher in milk replacer than colostrum, with 1.6- and 2.12-fold higher levels in serum and vaginal swab samples (p < 0.001), respectively, of B versus S gilts. Findings support that vaginal swabs can be used to noninvasively study effects of perinatal nutrition on tissue composition. Summary sentence Vaginal swab lipidome profiles at 48 h reflect the fat composition of neonatal diet during first two days postnatal.}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Harlow, KaLynn and Ferreira, Christina R. and Sobreira, Tiago J. P. and Casey, Theresa and Stewart, Kara}, editor={Loor, Juan J.Editor}, year={2019}, month={Sep} }
 @article{temporal analysis of vaginal proteome reveals developmental changes in lower reproductive tract of gilts across the first two weeks postnatal_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49597-w}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-019-49597-w}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Scientific Reports}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{diet impacts pre-implantation histotroph proteomes in beef cattle_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00077}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00077}, abstractNote={In ruminants, the period from fertilization to implantation is relatively prolonged, and the survival of embryos depends on uterine secretions known as histotroph. Our objective was to determine if the pre-breeding diet affected histotroph proteomes in beef cattle. Cows were assigned to one of four diets: a control diet (CON), a high-protein diet (PROT), a high-fat diet (OIL), or a high-protein and high-fat diet (PROT + OIL). After 185 days on these diets, an intravaginal progesterone implant (CIDR) was inserted for 7 days. At 9 days after CIDR removal, animals with a corpus luteum were selected ( n = 16; 4 per treatment). Proteins were isolated from the histotroph collected by uterine lavage and analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Over 2000 proteins were expressed ( n ≥ 3 cows per treatment), with 1239 proteins being common among all of the groups. There were 20, 37, 85, and 123 proteins unique to CON, PROT + OIL, PROT, and OIL, respectively. Relative to CON, 23, 14, and 51 proteins were differentially expressed in PROT + OIL, PROT, and OIL, respectively. Functional analysis found that 53% of histotroph proteins were categorized as extracellular exosome, 3.28% as cell-cell adhesion, and 17.4% in KEGG metabolic pathways. Differences in proteomes among treatments support the idea that pre-breeding diet affects histotroph. Understanding the impact of diet on histotroph proteins may help improve conception rates.}, journal={Journal of Proteome Research}, year={2018}, month={Jun} }
 @article{the potential of identifying replacement gilts by screening for lipid biomarkers in reproductive tract swabs taken at weaning_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2017.1384733}, DOI={10.1080/09712119.2017.1384733}, abstractNote={Sow longevity affects economic returns to pork producers. The cost of gilt replacements is substantial and sows with greater than three litters have lower costs per pig produced. An early marker of reproductive potential would facilitate early identification of superior females, and likely increase sow longevity. Gilts raised in small litters have greater reproductive competence, but mechanisms associated with increased reproductive responses are not fully understood. Here, early postnatal development of the gilt's reproductive tract is described, and a brief review of literature is presented to support that factors in colostrum regulate the developmental trajectory of the gilt's uterine tissues. We propose that, similar to the uterus, nutritional environment likely affects the postnatal developmental programme of the vagina. A metabolomics approach, multiple reaction monitoring -profiling, for biomarker discovery is described, along with evidence that lipids present in vaginal samples are differentially expressed in gilts exposed to colostrum versus milk replacer fed. These exploratory studies indicate that the vaginal cell lipidome may reflect the postnatal nutritional environment, which defines to a large extent the gilt's reproductive potential. Together findings support further investigations to identify biomarkers predictive of fertility outcomes in the metabolome of gilt reproductive tracts.}, journal={Journal of Applied Animal Research}, year={2018}, month={Jan} }