@article{romanet_cupo_yoder_2022, title={Knockdown of Transmembrane Protein 150A (TMEM150A) Results in Increased Production of Multiple Cytokines}, volume={42}, ISSN={["1557-7465"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1089/jir.2022.0063}, DOI={10.1089/jir.2022.0063}, abstractNote={Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signaling through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is mediated by the plasma membrane lipid, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and its derivatives diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate. Levels of PI(4,5)P2 are controlled enzymatically and fluctuate in LPS-stimulated cells. Recently, transmembrane protein 150A (TMEM150A/TM6P1/damage-regulated autophagy modulator 5) has been shown to regulate PI(4,5)P2 production at the plasma membrane by modifying the composition of the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase enzyme complex. To determine if TMEM150A function impacts TLR4 signaling, TMEM150A was knocked down in TLR4-expressing epithelial cells and cytokine expression quantified after LPS stimulation. In general, decreased expression of TMEM150A led to increased levels of LPS-induced cytokine secretion and transcript levels. Unexpectedly, knockdown of TMEM150A in a lung epithelial cell line (H292) also led to increased cytokine levels in the unstimulated conditions suggesting TMEM150A plays an important role in cellular homeostasis. Future studies will investigate if TMEM150A plays a similar role for other TLR agonists and in other cell lineages.}, number={7}, journal={JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH}, author={Romanet, Jessica L. and Cupo, Katherine L. and Yoder, Jeffrey A.}, year={2022}, month={Jul}, pages={336–342} }
 @article{cupo_beckstead_2019, title={An In Vitro Assay of Disinfectants on the Viability of Heterakis gallinarum Eggs}, volume={63}, ISSN={0005-2086}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/11952-081418-resnote.1}, DOI={10.1637/11952-081418-resnote.1}, abstractNote={SUMMARY. Nematodes are widespread and common in poultry. Disinfectants are used to reduce infection rates in poultry houses, but there is little documentation of their effectiveness. An in vitro assay was developed to test the efficacy of products to damage Heterakis gallinarum eggs, and nine disinfectants and chemicals commonly used in the poultry industry were tested. Embryonated eggs of H. gallinarum were pipetted into wells of plastic cell culture plates (250–300 eggs/well in water). Measured amounts of test articles were added to the suspensions for 2, 4, 6, or 24 hr. After exposure, eggs were washed with water and treated with trypan blue (1 ml of 0.4% solution, added to each well) at room temperature for 2 min. Eggshell integrity was determined microscopically by counting the number of eggs that were clear (intact) or that contained blue dye (compromised). As a test of embryo viability, five eggs per well from treatments containing compromised eggs were transferred to a Petri dish and hatched manually, using forceps to open the eggshell. Released larvae were then observed for signs of controlled movement. In a test of Clorox bleach (NaOCl), Green Klean, Decon7, Kem San, PLT, Virkon S, NaCl, dry limestone (CaCO3), and diesel fuel, only NaOCl (bleach) and Green Klean damaged the eggshell, and only 20,625 ppm of NaOCl rendered the larvae nonviable.}, number={3}, journal={Avian Diseases}, publisher={American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP)}, author={Cupo, Katherine Lynn and Beckstead, Robert Byron}, year={2019}, month={Apr}, pages={511} }
 @article{cupo_beckstead_2019, title={Heterakis gallinarum, the Cecal Nematode of Gallinaceous Birds: A Critical Review}, volume={63}, ISSN={0005-2086}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/0005-2086-63.3.381}, DOI={10.1637/0005-2086-63.3.381}, abstractNote={SUMMARY. Heterakis gallinarum is a heavily prevalent poultry parasite that thrives in the ceca of various species of gallinaceous birds. It is a small roundworm, measuring between 4 and 15 mm long, in the family Heterakidae. Heterakis gallinarum has a direct life cycle not requiring an intermediate host to complete development, and it is generally believed that poultry raised at high density on litter are at greatest risk for accumulating large numbers of the nematode. This species typically only causes mild pathology that does not significantly affect bird performance. However, H. gallinarum is recognized as an economically important parasite by the poultry industry because its ovum serves as the vector for the protozoal parasite Histomonas meleagridis, the cause of histomonosis in poultry. Diagnosis of the nematode typically relies on fecal egg counts, which are prone to false negative diagnoses. Molecular tools are available for studying the nematode and diagnosing infected flocks. Treating and preventing H. gallinarum infection is made difficult due to the low efficacy of anthelmintics for eradicating H. gallinarum from infected birds and of disinfectants for destroying H. gallinarum ova on contaminated farms.}, number={3}, journal={Avian Diseases}, publisher={American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP)}, author={Cupo, Katherine Lynn and Beckstead, Robert Byron}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={381} }
 @article{cupo_beckstead_2019, title={PCR detection of Heterakis gallinarum in environmental samples}, volume={271}, ISSN={["1873-2550"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.05.011}, abstractNote={Heterakis gallinarum is a widely distributed cecal nematode that parasitizes gallinaceous birds including chickens and turkeys. H. gallinarum infection poses a problem for the poultry industry as the nematode egg serves as a vector for the protozoan parasite, Histomonas meleagridis, the causative agent of histomonosis. The only means of detecting H. gallinarum in the environment is microscopic identification of the eggs in soil or feces; however, H. gallinarum eggs are often mistaken for those of Ascaridia galli. Three primer sets were designed from sequences cloned from the H. gallinarum genome to develop a diagnostic PCR. Each of these primer sets amplified a single product from H. gallinarum, but were unable to amplify DNA from H. meleagridis, Ascaridia galli, or Cestode sp. H. gallinarum DNA was amplified from Lumbricus sp. (earthworms) and Alphitobius diaperinus (darkling beetles), confirming that the earthworm acts as a paratenic host for H. gallinarum and suggesting that the darkling beetle may be a carrier for this nematode.}, journal={VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY}, author={Cupo, Katherine L. and Beckstead, Robert B.}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={1–6} }