@article{gentzel_park_bellizzi_xiao_gadhave_murphree_yang_lamantia_redinbaugh_balint-kurti_et al._2020, title={A CRISPR/dCas9 toolkit for functional analysis of maize genes}, volume={16}, ISSN={1746-4811}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-020-00675-5}, DOI={10.1186/s13007-020-00675-5}, abstractNote={The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system has become a powerful tool for functional genomics in plants. The RNA-guided nuclease can be used to not only generate precise genomic mutations, but also to manipulate gene expression when present as a deactivated protein (dCas9).In this study, we describe a vector toolkit for analyzing dCas9-mediated activation (CRISPRa) or inactivation (CRISPRi) of gene expression in maize protoplasts. An improved maize protoplast isolation and transfection method is presented, as well as a description of dCas9 vectors to enhance or repress maize gene expression.We anticipate that this maize protoplast toolkit will streamline the analysis of gRNA candidates and facilitate genetic studies of important trait genes in this transformation-recalcitrant plant.}, number={1}, journal={Plant Methods}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Gentzel, Irene N. and Park, Chan Ho and Bellizzi, Maria and Xiao, Guiqing and Gadhave, Kiran R. and Murphree, Colin and Yang, Qin and LaMantia, Jonathan and Redinbaugh, Margaret G. and Balint-Kurti, Peter and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{gadhave_gautam_rasmussen_srinivasan_2020, title={Aphid Transmission ofPotyvirus: The Largest Plant-Infecting RNA Virus Genus}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1999-4915"]}, DOI={10.3390/v12070773}, abstractNote={Potyviruses are the largest group of plant infecting RNA viruses that cause significant losses in a wide range of crops across the globe. The majority of viruses in the genus Potyvirus are transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent, non-circulative manner and have been extensively studied vis-à-vis their structure, taxonomy, evolution, diagnosis, transmission, and molecular interactions with hosts. This comprehensive review exclusively discusses potyviruses and their transmission by aphid vectors, specifically in the light of several virus, aphid and plant factors, and how their interplay influences potyviral binding in aphids, aphid behavior and fitness, host plant biochemistry, virus epidemics, and transmission bottlenecks. We present the heatmap of the global distribution of potyvirus species, variation in the potyviral coat protein gene, and top aphid vectors of potyviruses. Lastly, we examine how the fundamental understanding of these multi-partite interactions through multi-omics approaches is already contributing to, and can have future implications for, devising effective and sustainable management strategies against aphid-transmitted potyviruses to global agriculture.}, number={7}, journal={VIRUSES-BASEL}, author={Gadhave, Kiran R. and Gautam, Saurabh and Rasmussen, David A. and Srinivasan, Rajagopalbabu}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{gautam_gadhave_buck_dutta_coolong_adkins_srinivasan_2020, title={Virus-virus interactions in a plant host and in a hemipteran vector: Implications for vector fitness and virus epidemics}, volume={286}, ISSN={["1872-7492"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198069}, abstractNote={Mixed virus infection in host plants can differentially alter the plant phenotype, influence vector fitness, and affect virus acquisition and inoculation by vectors than single-virus infection. Vector acquisition of multiple viruses from multiple host plants could also differentially affect vector fitness and virus inoculation than acquisition of one virus. Whitefly-virus pathosystems in the southern United States include both the above-stated facets. For the first facet, this study examined the effects of single and mixed infection of cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV, a begomovirus) and cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV, a crinivirus) infecting squash on whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius MEAM1) host preference and fitness. Mixed infection of CuLCrV and CYSDV in squash plants severely altered their phenotype than single infection. The CYSDV load was reduced in mixed-infected squash plants than in singly-infected plants. Consequently, whiteflies acquired reduced amounts of CYSDV from mixed-infected plants than singly-infected plants. No differences in CuLCrV load were found between singly- and mixed-infected squash plants, and acquisition of CuLCrV by whiteflies did not vary between singly- and mixed-infected squash plants. Both singly- and mixed-infected plants similarly affected whitefly preference, wherein non-viruliferous and viruliferous (CuLCrV and/or CYSDV) whiteflies preferred non-infected plants over infected plants. The fitness study involving viruliferous and non-viruliferous whiteflies revealed no differences in developmental time and fecundity. For the second facet, this study evaluated the effects of individual or combined acquisition of tomato-infecting tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, a begomovirus) and squash-infecting CuLCrV on whitefly host preference and fitness. Whiteflies that acquired both CuLCrV and TYLCV had significantly lower CuLCrV load than whiteflies that acquired CuLCrV alone, whereas TYLCV load remained unaltered when acquired individually or in conjunction with CuLCrV. Whitefly preference was not affected following individual or combined virus acquisition. Viruliferous (CuLCrV and/or TYLCV) whiteflies preferred to settle on non-infected tomato and squash plants. The mere presence of CuLCrV and/or TYLCV in whiteflies did not affect their fitness. Taken together, these results indicate that mixed infection of viruses in host plants and acquisition of multiple viruses by the vector could have implications for virus accumulation, virus acquisition, vector preference, and epidemics that sometimes are different from single-virus infection or acquisition.}, journal={VIRUS RESEARCH}, author={Gautam, Saurabh and Gadhave, Kiran R. and Buck, James W. and Dutta, Bhabesh and Coolong, Tim and Adkins, Scott and Srinivasan, Rajagopalbabu}, year={2020}, month={Sep} }
 @article{gadhave_dutta_coolong_srinivasan_2019, title={A non-persistent aphid-transmitted Potyvirus differentially alters the vector and non-vector biology through host plant quality manipulation}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-019-39256-5}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Gadhave, Kiran R. and Dutta, Bhabesh and Coolong, Timothy and Srinivasan, Rajagopalbabu}, year={2019}, month={Feb} }
 @article{gadhave_dutta_coolong_sparks_adkins_srinivasan_2018, title={First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Cucurbits in Georgia, United States}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1535-1025"]}, DOI={10.1094/PHP-03-17-0016-BR}, abstractNote={This study for the first time provides evidence for the presence of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) in Georgia. Thus, three whitefly-transmitted cucurbit-infecting viruses are now known in the state. Future research is required to evaluate the host range of CYSDV and its economic impact on cucurbit production in Georgia.}, number={1}, journal={PLANT HEALTH PROGRESS}, author={Gadhave, Kiran R. and Dutta, Bhabesh and Coolong, Timothy and Sparks, Alton N. and Adkins, Scott and Srinivasan, Rajagopalbabu}, year={2018}, pages={9–10} }
 @article{gange_gadhave_2018, title={Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria promote plant size inequality}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-018-32111-z}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Gange, Alan C. and Gadhave, Kiran R.}, year={2018}, month={Sep} }
 @article{gadhave_devlin_ebertz_ross_gange_2018, title={Soil Inoculation with Bacillus spp. Modifies Root Endophytic Bacterial Diversity, Evenness, and Community Composition in a Context-Specific Manner}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1432-184X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00248-018-1160-x}, abstractNote={The use of microbial inoculants containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as a promoter of plant fitness and health is becoming increasingly popular in agriculture. However, whether and how these bacteria affect indigenous bacterial communities in field conditions is sparsely explored. We studied the effects of seed inoculation and field soil application of ubiquitous soil bacteria, B. cereus, B. subtilis, and B. amyloliquefaciens, on the diversity, evenness, and richness of endophytic bacterial communities in sprouting broccoli roots using high-throughput metagenome sequencing. The multiple operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to different bacterial taxa clearly showed changes in ecological measures and relative abundances of certain taxa between control and treatment groups. The Bacillus inocula, themselves, failed to flourish as endophytes; however, the effects they extended on the endophytic bacterial community were both generic as well as species specific. In each case, Pseudomonadales, Rhizobiales, Xanthomonadales, and Burkholderiales were the most abundant orders in the endosphere. B. amyloliquefaciens drastically reduced the most abundant genus, Pseudomonas, while increasing the relative abundance of a range of minor taxa. The Shannon-Weiner diversity and Buzas and Gibson's evenness indices showed that the diversity and evenness were increased in both B. amyloliquefaciens and mixed treated plants. The UniFrac measurement of beta diversity showed that all treatments affected the specific composition of the endophytic bacterial community, with an apparent interspecies competition in the mixed treatment. Taken together, Bacillus species influenced the diversity, evenness, and composition of the endophytic bacterial community. However, these effects varied between different Bacillus spp. in a context-specific manner.}, number={3}, journal={MICROBIAL ECOLOGY}, author={Gadhave, Kiran R. and Devlin, Paul F. and Ebertz, Andreas and Ross, Arabella and Gange, Alan C.}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={741–750} }