@article{hutchins_messenger_vaden_2013, title={Suspected carprofen toxicosis caused by coprophagia in a dog}, volume={243}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.243.5.709}, abstractNote={Abstract Case Description —A 1-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was evaluated because of urinary incontinence, polyuria, polydipsia, and minimally concentrated urine. Clinical Findings —Markedly high circulating alanine transaminase activity, mildly high circulating alkaline phosphatase activity, and low urine specific gravity were detected for the dog. Results of ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen and cytologic examination of liver samples were unremarkable. Carprofen was detected in serum and plasma samples obtained from the dog. Exposure to carprofen was attributed to ingestion of feces of another dog in the household that was receiving the drug daily. Treatment and Outcome —Access to feces of other dogs in the household was prevented; no other treatment was initiated. Urinary incontinence, polyuria, and polydipsia resolved, and urine specific gravity increased within 7 days following discontinuation of consumption of feces. Alanine transaminase activity was substantially lower than the value determined during the initial examination, and alkaline phosphatase activity was within the reference range 5 weeks after discontinuation of consumption of feces by the dog. Clinical Relevance —Findings for the dog of this report suggested that carprofen toxicosis can be caused by consumption of feces of another dog receiving the drug. This cause of adverse effects should be a differential diagnosis for dogs with clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities consistent with carprofen toxicosis.}, number={5}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Hutchins, Rae G. and Messenger, Kristen M. and Vaden, Shelly L.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={709–711} }
 @article{hutchins_bailey_jacob_harris_wood_saker_vaden_2013, title={The Effect of an Oral Probiotic Containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus Species on the Vaginal Microbiota of Spayed Female Dogs}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12174}, abstractNote={Background Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often difficult to treat. Vaginal colonization with lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB) is associated with reduced frequency of recurrent UTIs in women. Oral probiotics might help increase the prevalence of vaginal LAB and decrease the frequency of recurrent UTIs in dogs. Hypothesis Administration of an oral probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus species will increase the prevalence of LAB in the vagina of dogs. Animals Thirty-five healthy, spayed female dogs without history of recurrent UTIs. Methods Prospective, controlled study. Enrolled dogs received an oral probiotic supplement for 14 or 28 days. A vaginal tract culture was obtained from each dog before and after oral probiotic administration. Twenty-three dogs received the oral probiotic supplement daily for a period of 14 days and 12 dogs received the oral probiotic supplement daily for a period of 28 days. Results Lactic acid-producing bacteria were isolated from 7 of 35 dogs prior to probiotic administration. After the treatment course, 6 of 35 dogs had LAB isolated. Only one of these dogs had LAB (Enterococcus canintestini) isolated for the first time. Enterococcus canintestini was the most common LAB isolated from all dogs in this study, although it was not included in the probiotic supplement. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Lactic acid-producing bacteria are not a common isolate from the vaginal vault of dogs. Administration of this oral probiotic supplement for a 2- or 4-week period did not increase the prevalence of vaginal LAB in dogs.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Hutchins, R. G. and Bailey, C. S. and Jacob, M. E. and Harris, T. L. and Wood, M. W. and Saker, K. E. and Vaden, S. L.}, year={2013}, month={Nov}, pages={1368–1371} }
 @article{hutchins_breitschwerdt_cullen_bissett_gookin_2012, title={Limited yield of diagnoses of intrahepatic infectious causes of canine granulomatous hepatitis from archival liver tissue}, volume={24}, ISSN={1040-6387 1943-4936}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638712453583}, DOI={10.1177/1040638712453583}, abstractNote={Canine granulomatous hepatitis is an uncommon morphologic diagnosis that has been associated with a variety of diseases, including a number of systemic infectious etiologies. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are typically the only source of liver tissue remaining for additional testing for the presence of infectious disease within granulomas. It is unclear if the more common infectious culprits of granulomatous hepatitis can be identified from such specimens. The aim of the current study was to retrospectively investigate archival FFPE liver tissue from dogs with granulomatous hepatitis for the presence of infectious agents. Semiquantitative analysis of copper accumulation in liver specimens was also performed. Medical records were examined for recorded evidence of systemic infectious disease diagnosis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver was prospectively evaluated for infectious agents via differential staining techniques ( n = 13), eubacterial fluorescent in situ hybridization ( n = 11), and Bartonella polymerase chain reaction assays ( n = 15). An infectious cause of granulomatous hepatitis was not identified within liver tissue from any dog using these diagnostic methodologies. Six out of 25 (24%) dogs were diagnosed with concurrent systemic or localized bacterial infections at the time of presentation. Nine out of 17 (53%) dogs had excessive hepatic copper accumulation when evaluated by a semiquantitative histologic grading scheme or quantitative copper analysis. As definitive infectious causes of granulomatous hepatitis were not identified within archival liver biopsy samples, it was concluded that investigation of infectious etiologies within FFPE liver specimens using these diagnostic approaches may be of low yield.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Hutchins, Rae G. and Breitschwerdt, Edward B. and Cullen, John M. and Bissett, Sally A. and Gookin, Jody L.}, year={2012}, month={Aug}, pages={888–894} }