@article{thompson-spain_bunds_larson_cutts_hipp_2024, title={Patient capital and no net loss: Applying institutional theory to understand publicly-owned mitigation banking in an urban context at a United States port}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1467-9299"]}, DOI={10.1111/padm.13010}, abstractNote={Abstract As urban areas grow, ecosystem extent and condition continue to decline. Some countries have adopted “no net loss” policies that require compensatory actions for unavoidable ecosystem losses. In the US, mitigation banking has emerged as a means of offsetting losses, but the system remains dominated by private commercial banks and mitigation outside of an urban context. With this in mind, we seek to understand the institutional drivers of innovative finance for urban mitigation projects at the public agency level. Applying institutional logics and institutional isomorphisms as theoretical foundations, we conducted a qualitative case study of innovative finance for habitat restoration at the Port of Seattle, a public port in Seattle, Washington (USA). Findings from interviews, focus groups, and document analysis suggest that hybrid institutional logics, unique organizational characteristics, and coercive and normative isomorphisms drive organizational change in this context, but significant barriers exist to establishing similar systems in the US.}, journal={PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION}, author={Thompson-Spain, Austin and Bunds, Kyle S. and Larson, Lincoln and Cutts, Bethany and Hipp, J. Aaron}, year={2024}, month={Jul} }
 @article{bunds_tang_koenigstorfer_2023, title={Community building in virtual participation charity sport events}, ISSN={["1472-1376"]}, DOI={10.1080/0267257X.2023.2253449}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The study aims to explore the drivers of community building in virtual participation charity sport events. The authors conducted a case study of virtual charity events governed by Team World Vision, the sports arm of a global not-for-profit service organisation. They conducted semi-structured interviews with World Vision marketing managers and virtual running race participants, analysed survey and podcast interview data, and performed a document analysis. Four overarching themes were revealed as drivers of community building: community engagement, social networking, impression management, and fitness philanthropy practicing. The study uncovers the peculiarities of the virtual format that helped build virtual communities and create excitement around the cause, such as digitised communication plans, social media- and technology-facilitated opportunities to connect both locally and globally, and the adapted fundraising strategies in the virtual format.}, journal={JOURNAL OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT}, author={Bunds, Kyle and Tang, Yihui and Koenigstorfer, Joerg}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{thompson_hackett_bunds_2022, title={Evaluating Water Delinquency Fees and Financial Assistance Programs Through an Equity Lens}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1551-8833"]}, DOI={10.1002/awwa.1977}, abstractNote={Key Takeaways}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL AWWA}, author={Thompson, Austin and Hackett, Heidi and Bunds, Kyle}, year={2022}, month={Oct}, pages={26–35} }
 @article{brittain_bunds_bocarro_2022, title={The Contribution of Sport in the Rehabilitation Process of Disabled Military Veterans: A Case Study of the 2016 Invictus Games}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2470-4075"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/24704067.2022.2031249}, DOI={10.1080/24704067.2022.2031249}, abstractNote={A growing body of research highlights the positive impacts of sport and physical activity upon the physical and mental well-being of traumatically injured military personnel. This study, conducted at the 2016 Invictus Games in Orlando, Florida, sought to understand the role of sport in the rehabilitation process of military personnel who have undergone traumatic injury or have experienced chronic illness. Data were derived from in-depth focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questions with competitors, team managers, and family members. Findings indicated that the use of sport and physical activity has been an effective rehabilitation tool for those who competed. Tactics such as goal setting and team mentality, often critical components of both sport and military training, are helpful in allowing these competitors to reconnect with their military identity, without the negative implications of self-comparison.}, journal={JOURNAL OF GLOBAL SPORT MANAGEMENT}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Brittain, Ian and Bunds, Kyle and Bocarro, Jason}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{bunds_2021, title={"Please Let It Stop": Fear, Anxiety, and Uncertainty on the Neoliberal Tenure Track}, ISSN={["1552-7565"]}, DOI={10.1177/10778004211029838}, abstractNote={ I have anxiety and I am not alone, although I have felt that way. Anxiety and depression are mental health issues that impact millions of individuals in our society. While discussions about mental health are improving, insofar as conversations are more frequent particularly during the 2020 to 2021 Coronavirus pandemic, more voices are needed to tell their stories of mental health and actions need to be taken to address systemic issues in a multitude of contexts. My context is that of a tenure-track middle-class white privileged male who began an intense battle with anxiety while undertaking a guest professorship in a foreign country. The autoethnographic narrative presented here is a composition of vignettes from my struggle with anxiety in the 4th and 5th tenure track years. Throughout, I attempt to openly present my struggles and conclude by proposing ways in higher education can aid faculty, staff, and students in creating a better structure. }, journal={QUALITATIVE INQUIRY}, author={Bunds, Kyle S.}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{lim_cho_bunds_lee_2021, title={Cancer family caregivers' quality of life and the meaning of leisure}, volume={42}, ISSN={["1096-4665"]}, DOI={10.1080/07399332.2020.1752214}, abstractNote={Abstract In this study, the authors examined cancer family caregivers' life experience and the meaning of leisure, focusing on their difficulties and the role of leisure. We found four main themes related to cancer family caregivers' life and leisure experiences: stressors, adapting, the need of leisure, and leisure experiences. Our results showed that the caregivers experienced high levels of psychological and physical stress and conflicts while caring for cancer patients, resulting in a poor quality of life. They believed that leisure activity is necessary and can improve their quality of life; however, they felt a sense of guilt while engaging in personal activities.}, number={7-9}, journal={HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL}, author={Lim, Jinsun and Cho, Heetae and Bunds, Kyle S. and Lee, Chul-Won}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={1144–1164} }
 @article{edwards_bocarro_bunds_bush_casper_dorsch_chalip_kanters_kanters_2021, title={Parental perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 and returning to play based on level of sport}, volume={25}, ISSN={1743-0437 1743-0445}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2021.2016703}, DOI={10.1080/17430437.2021.2016703}, abstractNote={Abstract This study examined the impact of COVID-19 on youth sport parents based on competition level to understand how the pandemic affected youth sport and factors associated with youth returning to sport. Survey data were collected from samples of US sport parents in two waves - early in the pandemic (N = 751) and as programs began to resume (N = 707). Data showed elite sport parents were more willing to return. Although most participants returned to play, significant numbers had not resumed participation. Parent comfort was the most important factor associated with resuming. However, parents allowed children to resume play due to perceived external pressure, potentially creating stress among parents regarding sport participation decisions. Attending school in person and household income were associated with the ability to resume sport suggesting the need to provide school sport environments and consider the financial impacts of COVID-19 on sport families.}, number={7}, journal={Sport in Society}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Edwards, Michael B. and Bocarro, Jason N. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Bush, Kimberly A. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Dorsch, Travis E. and Chalip, Laurence and Kanters, David and Kanters, Michael A.}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={1273–1290} }
 @article{barrett_jones_bunds_casper_edwards_2021, title={Teamwork makes the <i>net-work</i>: participant-governed networks and athletics sustainability collaboration}, volume={23}, ISSN={1467-6370 1467-6370}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-05-2021-0188}, DOI={10.1108/IJSHE-05-2021-0188}, abstractNote={
Purpose
Athletic departments play an important role in sustainability-based collaborative processes due to their boundary spanning connections with both internal and external university stakeholders. As a result, athletic department representatives have become prominent members of university participant-governed network structures. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of dedicated “athletics green teams” as a unique form of control and coordination by considering how green team interactions support and augment the collaborative network of actors who are responsible for executing athletics sustainability practices on university campuses.
}, number={5}, journal={International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education}, publisher={Emerald}, author={Barrett, Martin and Jones, Gareth J. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Edwards, Michael B.}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={1090–1106} }
 @article{barrett_bunds_casper_edwards_showalter_jones_2019, title={'A Nut We Have Officially yet to Crack': Forcing the Attention of Athletic Departments Toward Sustainability Through Shared Governance}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2071-1050"]}, DOI={10.3390/su11195198}, abstractNote={In many ways, intercollegiate athletics represents the ‘sustainable’ front porch of higher education. The high-visibility, high-impact nature of elite-level college athletics make athletic departments a central player in the sustainable development journey. However, not all athletic departments respond to this responsibility, nor are all responses uniformly successful. According to national reporting frameworks, an increasing number of universities in the United States are choosing to involve their athletic departments in university-level sustainability governance structures, but the benefits and limitations of this remain unclear. Using the theory of loosely coupled systems, and more specifically, the voice of compensations (which views loose coupling as an unsatisfactory state), the purpose of this paper is to explore perceptions of athletic department engagement in shared sustainability governance, and, thus, a whole-of-institution approach. Semi-structured interviews with sustainability office personnel were conducted and analyzed, and the findings imply that shared sustainability governance has the potential to focus the attention of athletic departments toward sustainability, as well as to reaffirm shared values. Yet, to maximize the impact of athletic departments toward the sustainable development goals of a university, sustainability office personnel suggest the deployment of additional change levers, in a multi-dimensional fashion, as supplementary coupling mechanisms. These would include more rigorous sustainability goals (top-down), continued collaboration on ‘low-hanging fruit’ initiatives (lateral), student-athlete engagement (bottom-up), and the development of an internal sustainability framework (inside-out).}, number={19}, journal={SUSTAINABILITY}, author={Barrett, Martin and Bunds, Kyle S. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Edwards, Michael B. and Showalter, D. Scott and Jones, Gareth J.}, year={2019}, month={Oct} }
 @article{barrett_bunds_casper_edwards_2019, title={A Descriptive Analysis of Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Major League Professional Sport}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2327-0187"]}, DOI={10.18666/JASM-2019-V11-I3-9509}, abstractNote={This article explores corporate environmentalism across North American major league professional sport through a webpage content analysis of disclosed business practices and programs. The results of the content analysis reify previous academic work, which suggests corporate environmental responsibility in professional sport is varied. Yet, the results also point to an increasingly standardized approach to integrated/operational business practices focusing on materials and resources, and energy and atmosphere, as well as campaign-based programs focusing on corporate social marketing. The findings identify an opportunity for professional team sport organizations to innovate new cause-related marketing and cause promotion programs, and point to a key role for senior leaders in leveraging advanced capabilities to catalyze knowledge development in other business practices and programs. Additionally, by establishing common areas of success, the findings present an opportunity for professional team sport organizations to communicate their environmental successes collectively. Subscribe to JASM}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPORT MANAGEMENT}, author={Barrett, Martin and Bunds, Kyle S. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Edwards, Michael B.}, year={2019}, pages={35–46} }
 @article{bunds_casper_hipp_koenigstorfer_2019, title={Recreational walking decisions in urban away-from-home environments: The relevance of air quality, noise, traffic, and the natural environment}, volume={65}, ISSN={1369-8478}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2019.08.006}, DOI={10.1016/j.trf.2019.08.006}, abstractNote={Walking is one mode of active transportation that cities around the world promote not only to increase public health, but also to fight climate change. The goal of the present study is to assess the relevance of air quality, noise, green environment, and traffic as well as time and distance considerations on individuals stated walking preferences. In total, 501 US residents participated in an adaptive choice based conjoint study. The following seven attributes were considered (with three levels each): air pollution level, air pollution source, noise level, noise source, natural environment, traffic, as well as walking time and distance. Part-worth utility and relative importance scores were estimated using hierarchical Bayes analyses. Air pollution level was the most important attribute, followed by traffic, noise level, and the natural environment. The findings help identify burdens for walking in urban areas, particularly with regard to air pollution levels and traffic condition (which have a combined relative importance of 41%). Pro-environmentalists select their routes based on both air pollution and noise levels, thus they might be particularly interested in informing themselves about, and monitoring, these attributes. City planners should create opportunities for active routes that offer clean air, some greenery, natural sound, and low traffic, and inform city residents better about these attributes.}, journal={Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Hipp, James A. and Koenigstorfer, Joerg}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={363–375} }
 @article{nazariadli_morais_bunds_baran_supak_2019, title={Rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representation through photography: a counter-hegemonic approach}, volume={28}, ISSN={1037-1656 2204-0536}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371656.2019.1576294}, DOI={10.1080/10371656.2019.1576294}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT American rural social geography has been subjected to simplified and standardised projections and stereotyping by hegemonic tourism media. Urban-centred advertising of rural tourism destinations is a powerful medium in creating hegemony and hierarchy between urban and rural communities. The act of representing rural social geographies through tourism creates discourse which dialectically creates and reinforces the modified social status quo of rural societies. Hence, aiming for social change and to magnify the rural subaltern voice, this article adopted auto-photography as an ethnographic participatory method. Fourteen rural tourism microentrepreneurs from the Piedmont region of North Carolina, United States, participated in self-representational photography of the aspects of life they wished to share with urbanites. Interviews were conducted using participants’ favourite photos as prompts. Critical discourse analysis was employed to identify rural tourism microentrepreneurs’ self-representations that counter urban-normativity. Findings show microentrepreneurs resisted and complied with an urban-normative tourism-based ideological hegemony.}, number={1}, journal={Rural Society}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Nazariadli, Shahab and Morais, Duarte B. and Bunds, Kyle and Baran, Perver and Supak, Stacy}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={29–51} }
 @article{bunds_mcleod_barrett_newman_koenigstorfer_2019, title={The Object-Oriented Politics of Stadium Sustainability: A Case Study of SC Freiburg}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2071-1050"]}, DOI={10.3390/su11236712}, abstractNote={Sport stadia are political objects that carry an environmental cost. The purpose of this research is to add to previous literature by theorizing the political process of stadium construction in a way that accounts for how environmental issues are introduced into the political process and, therefore, offers a more accurate lens through which to interpret how sustainable stadia are constructed. We conducted a case study of SC Freiburg’s carbon-neutral stadium construction process to theorize the object-oriented politics of sport facility construction. SC Freiburg is a German football club, playing in the Bundesliga. To examine the case, we employed a key informant interview and document analysis using Nexis Uni searches, local newspaper articles, official city documents, and social media websites. The case study of SC Freiburg’s carbon neutral stadium construction process showed that environmental concerns were included through a political process that incorporated the interests of a diverse public of human and nonhuman actors (while excluding some actors whose interests could not be reconciled) to produce a sustainable matter of fact. Additionally, we propose a pragmatic definition of stadium sustainability and suggest that environmental activists should make sure that both human and nonhuman actors with sustainability concerns are included in the stadium’s material public.}, number={23}, journal={SUSTAINABILITY}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and McLeod, Christopher M. and Barrett, Martin and Newman, Joshua I. and Koenigstorfer, Joerg}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{ferreira_morais_pollack_bunds_2018, title={DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE TOURISM E-MICROENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY SCALE}, volume={23}, ISSN={["1943-3999"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85048099384&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3727/108354218x15210313504616}, abstractNote={With the emergence of tourism sharing economy platforms like People-First Tourism, Vayable, Airbnb, and Uber, there are now a much greater number of microentrepreneurs engaged in selling products and services directly to tourists. The limited existing literature examining these individuals
 suggests that they are often inspired by noneconomic motives such as freedom, passion, or lifestyle, rather than the desire to rapidly grow a venture and maximize revenue. Accordingly, given that tourism microentrepreneurs have different goals and business models relative to typical entrepreneurs,
 this study adapted extant entrepreneurial self-efficacy measures to the context of tourism e-microentrepreneurship to develop the tourism e-microentrepreneurial self-efficacy (TeMSE) scale. Our new 13-item scale provides insights into a unique and burgeoning group of tourism actors, namely
 measuring their beliefs in their ability to successfully perform the various roles and tasks of microentrepreneurship in the tourism sharing economy.}, number={2}, journal={TOURISM ANALYSIS}, author={Ferreira, Bruno S. and Morais, Duarte B. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Bunds, Kyle S.}, year={2018}, pages={275–282} }
 @article{jones_wegner_bunds_edwards_bocarro_2018, title={Examining the Environmental Characteristics of Shared Leadership in a Sport-for-Development Organization}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1543-270X"]}, DOI={10.1123/jsm.2017-0274}, abstractNote={To promote community development, sport-for-development (SFD) organizations strive to build local leadership that fosters long-term sustainability. Although shared leadership (SL) structures are particularly effective in these settings, there has been limited attention to SL within the SFD context, especially from a multilevel perspective. While previous studies of leadership in sport have primarily focused on the individual traits of leaders, multilevel analysis is required to understand how environmental characteristics relate to leadership development. This qualitative case study analyzes the development and deployment of SL in an American SFD organization. Interviews, observations, and document analysis are used to generate data, and theoretical thematic analysis is used to identify key themes related to the environmental characteristics of SL. Results highlight how environmental characteristics are related to SL, as well as group and task characteristics. The discussion integrates these findings with SL theory to discuss implications for the management of SFD projects in this context, and recommends integrated forms of leadership that combine shared and servant leadership approaches.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SPORT MANAGEMENT}, author={Jones, Gareth J. and Wegner, Christine E. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Edwards, Michael B. and Bocarro, Jason N.}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={82–95} }
 @article{jones_edwards_bocarro_bunds_smith_2018, title={Leveraging community sport organizations to promote community capacity: Strategic outcomes, challenges, and theoretical considerations}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1441-3523"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.smr.2017.07.006}, abstractNote={Highlights• Provides an empirical investigation of community capacity building through sport.• Strategies were effective at building local skills, knowledge, and social relations.• Redundant social ties hindered several community capacity building strategies.• Limited organizational capacity influenced ability to promote community capacity.}, number={3}, journal={SPORT MANAGEMENT REVIEW}, author={Jones, Gareth J. and Edwards, Michael B. and Bocarro, Jason N. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Smith, Jordan W.}, year={2018}, month={Jun}, pages={279–292} }
 @article{bunds_kanters_venditti_rajagopalan_casper_carlton_2018, title={Organized youth sports and commuting behavior: The environmental impact of decentralized community sport facilities}, volume={65}, ISSN={1361-9209}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.08.017}, DOI={10.1016/j.trd.2018.08.017}, abstractNote={• Previous research has not quantified the extent of travel required for participation in organized sport. • Participants spent an average of 106 min/week in car transport accounting for 28% of the participant’s average driving time per week. • The environmental impact of this youth sport program annually is about 400 tonnes of CO2eq. • Assigning children to practice at the closest facility to their homes could reduce emissions from this travel by 12% whereas upgrading vehicle gas mileage efficiency could reduce emissions by 40%.}, journal={Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and Kanters, Michael A. and Venditti, Richard A. and Rajagopalan, Neethi and Casper, Jonathan M. and Carlton, Troy A.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={387–395} }
 @article{bunds_casper_2018, title={Special Issue: Sport, Physical culture, and the Environment}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1543-2785"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2018-0007}, DOI={10.1123/ssj.2018-0007}, abstractNote={We were excited that day in December of 2015 when world leaders in Paris announced that representatives of 196 countries— all living in very different circumstances, constraints, politics, and economic dis/advantages—had committed to reducing their respective country’s environmental footprint. As Domonoske (2017) explains, it was the call of 2 degrees that catalyzed negotiations and moved the proverbial needle toward an accord. In technical terms, 2 degrees Celsius represents the need put forth by climate scientists to limit the global average temperature increase to under 2 degrees if we as a planet are to stave off irreversible global warming and climate catastrophe. Despite objections from some quarters of those in attendance—such as from small island nations whose representatives fought for a more stringent 1.5-degree Celsius limit—the developed world promised USD$100 billion toward greener energy sources as part of radically addressing climate change, and the outline of what became known as The Paris Agreement was formally adopted as part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Domonoske, 2017). The world was moving toward saving itself—or so we thought. As scholars whose work, both collectively and individually, is focused on environmental concerns germane to sport and physical culture (see, e.g., Bunds, 2017; Bunds, Casper, Frey, & Barrett, in press; Bunds, Brandon-Lai, & Armstrong, 2016; Casper & Bunds, 2017; Casper & Pfahl, 2015; Casper, Pfahl, & McCullough, 2014), we were well aware that the guidelines put in place would be difficult for every signatory to achieve (e.g., renewable energy sources). However, we believed the Paris Agreement to be a watershed moment in the climate change process, and were heartened to see 196 countries come together to agree on a framework to move forward. Not only that, the science and the process in which that science was rendered had undergone exhaustive review. To provide a sense of what we are talking about, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) developed three working groups to explicitly examine what could be done to understand the physical scientific aspects of climate change, the socio-economic and natural systems to climate change, and the options for mitigating climate change (see, e.g., www.ipcc.ch). The thoroughness of these reports cannot be understated: for example, in the Fifth Assessment Report, which was produced by the first working group (AR5; Stocker, 2014), there were more than 1,000 scientists nominated to participate from 63 countries, ultimately resulting in 600 contributing authors from 32 countries, 209 lead authors, 50 review editors from 39 countries, 2 million gigabytes of physical science numerical data on research related to climate change simulation models, and 9,200 scientific publications cited reviews finding systematic trends indicating that the climate is changing. For AR5, they selected scientists in May of 2010, produced two drafts of the report reviewed first by 659 expert reviewers from 47 countries who filed 21,400 comments, leading to a second draft that was reviewed by experts and government officials leading to 800 expert reviews from 46 countries and 26 governments leaving a total of 31,422 comments. After all of that, the working group distributed the final distribution to 32 governments for review and comments. Finally, the working group review was approved in September of 2013 by members of 195 governments (For more on the process see: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/ wg1/docs/WG1AR5_FactSheet.pdf). The final 1,552-page report “shows with 95 percent certainty that human activity is the dominant cause of observed warming since the mid-20th century” and “Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth’s surface than any preceding decade since 1850” (Stocker, 2014, p. v). Our point in relaying the processes above is that climate change science has not been done flippantly or with political bias. Climate change is an existential threat to the survival of humanity, and exhaustive scholarly attention has yielded concrete responses to this threat. Hope is fleeting, however, and a little over two and a half years after we celebrated the victory for the environment, the following headline struck us like a lightning bolt: “I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris.” These now-famous words were spoken by U.S. President Donald Trump in a speech detailing how the United States would be withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. His speech, auspiciously given in the White House rose garden on June 1, 2017, does little in the way of impacting real change given the voluntary nature of the agreement in the first place, but Trump’s words do hold power over decisions at the federal government level, with respect to domestic manufacturing, and in global relationships. And, problematic for a democratic society, such a decision runs counter to prevailing public opinion in the U.S. over this very issue. A survey done by Marlon, Howe, Mildenberger, and Leiserowitz (2017) at Yale University indicates that 70% of U.S. citizens believe global warming is happening, yet only a simple majority (53%) believe it is caused mostly by human activities. Perhaps most importantly, 82% of people believe there should be policies in place to fund research into renewable energy, 75% believe CO2 should be regulated as a pollutant, and 66% believe they policy should require utilities to produce 20% electricity from renewable sources (Marlon et al., 2017). More generally, opinion polls find that people in the U.S. are concerned about}, number={1}, journal={Sociology of Sport Journal}, author={Bunds, K.S. and Casper, J.M.}, year={2018}, pages={1–7} }
 @article{jones_edwards_bocarro_bunds_smith_2017, title={A structural perspective of cross-sector partnerships involving youth sport nonprofit organizations}, volume={18}, ISSN={1618-4742 1746-031X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2017.1322625}, DOI={10.1080/16184742.2017.1322625}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Research question: Reductions in public funding for sport and recreation programs have created a vacuum in services that has increasingly been filled by nonprofit organizations. However, nonprofits often lack the organizational capacity to efficiently and sustainably deliver sport and recreation programs to the public. Cross-sector partnerships have been highlighted as an effective strategy to build organizational capacity, yet are currently underutilized by youth sport nonprofit organizations. While previous research has focused on functional characteristics of these partnerships, very few studies have examined their broader structural characteristics. Research methods: This study utilized structured interviews to collect quantitative network data from youth sport nonprofits registered in a large Southeastern US city (n = 32) to understand how cross-sector partnerships have been used to build organizational capacity. Using social network analysis, the study uncovers the size and composition of the network, identifies key external actors and industry sectors, and examines the network’s underlying balance and stability. Results and findings: Results indicate wide variation in the utilization and composition of partnerships, and an unbalanced structure that may influence their functional characteristics. Implications: The discussion provides empirically grounded recommendations to improve these structural characteristics and help youth sport managers effectively utilize cross-sector partnerships.}, number={2}, journal={European Sport Management Quarterly}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Jones, Gareth J. and Edwards, Michael B. and Bocarro, Jason N. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Smith, Jordan W.}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={133–155} }
 @article{jones_edwards_bocarro_bunds_smith_2017, title={An integrative review of sport-based youth development literature}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1743-0445"]}, DOI={10.1080/17430437.2015.1124569}, abstractNote={Abstract Sport is frequently regarded as an effectual mechanism for promoting positive youth development (PYD). However, this connection is not inherent, and depends upon a variety of programmatic and contextual factors. To help elucidate these linkages, scholars have called for more process-based approaches to programme evaluation and research. This paper contributes to that agenda by presenting the results of a systematic integrative review of the empirical sport-based PYD literature. Using a theory of change to guide coding and analysis, these findings demonstrate how various aspects of the change process (i.e. resources/inputs, outcomes, impacts) have been integrated into empirical research. In addition to identifying trends and gaps in the literature, the authors use this information to provide informed recommendations for future research in the area of sport-based PYD.}, number={1}, journal={SPORT IN SOCIETY}, author={Jones, Gareth J. and Edwards, Michael B. and Bocarro, Jason N. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Smith, Jordan W.}, year={2017}, month={Jan}, pages={161–179} }
 @article{jones_edwards_bocarro_bunds_smith_2017, title={Collaborative Advantages: The Role of Interorganizational Partnerships for Youth Sport Nonprofit Organizations}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1543-270X"]}, DOI={10.1123/jsm.2016-0118}, abstractNote={Interorganizational partnerships have been used by nonprofits in a variety of industries to build organizational capacity, yet they are currently underutilized by many youth sport nonprofit organizations. While previous research has highlighted key features of dyadic relationships that inhibit the development and maintenance of partnerships, there has been less attention to the influence of broader or complete networks. This study examined key structural properties of a youth sport nonprofit network in one municipality to determine how interorganizational partnerships were used to build organizational capacity. Whole network analysis was used to study partnerships between youth sport nonprofits and analyze the configuration and structural features of the network. Results indicated a fragmented network of youth sport nonprofit organizations, with the majority of organizations operating independently of one another, and the network itself characterized by unbalanced ties. The discussion highlights how this network structure influences organizational action and contributes to relational issues often observed at the dyadic level. The introduction of a third-party brokerage organization is discussed as a potentially useful strategy for improving this network structure.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SPORT MANAGEMENT}, author={Jones, Gareth J. and Edwards, Mike and Bocarro, Jason N. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Smith, Jordan W.}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={148–160} }
 @article{kellison_newman_bunds_2017, title={Framing democracy: stadium financing and civic paternalism in Test Market, USA}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1743-0445"]}, DOI={10.1080/17430437.2017.1284805}, abstractNote={Abstract The vast majority of North America’s professional sport arenas, ballparks and stadiums are publicly subsidized without direct approval from voters. In this article, we examine the discursive constitution of ‘no-vote subsidies’ within the public sphere, and in particular problematize the twinned production(s) of citizenship and democratic process in framing public subsidization of these sites of private accumulation. To do this, we examine the recent no-vote subsidy occurring in Columbus, Ohio – thereby providing a context-specific interrogation of the mediations of participatory citizenship, political decision-making and the institution of democracy as related to sport stadium funding. As part of this analysis, we discuss the public production of civic paternalism – a political ideology focused on urban growth and unconcerned with future electoral consequences – in the Columbus arena financing case. We conclude the article with a call for increasing scholarly engagement in, and intervention into, the political processes that result in the public subsidization of professional sport venues.}, number={11}, journal={SPORT IN SOCIETY}, author={Kellison, Timothy B. and Newman, Joshua I. and Bunds, Kyle S.}, year={2017}, pages={1548–1564} }
 @article{bunds_giardina_2017, title={Navigating the Corporate University: Reflections on the Politics of Research in Neoliberal Times}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1552-356X"]}, DOI={10.1177/1532708616669523}, abstractNote={ In this article, the authors highlight numerous encounters with and critiques of academic life in the corporate university. From disagreements with colleagues and anxiousness over the job market to internal compromises over epistemological and ontological moorings and the overall messiness of the research act, they highlight the increasing market demands and orientations governing academic performance if not survival. They also self-reflexively engage in critique of their own location to and position within their current field(s) of inquiry, and how to chart a way forward toward a more egalitarian end. }, number={3}, journal={CULTURAL STUDIES-CRITICAL METHODOLOGIES}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and Giardina, Michael D.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={227–235} }
 @article{kellison_bunds_casper_newman_2017, title={Public parks usage near hydraulic fracturing operations}, volume={18}, ISSN={["2213-0799"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jort.2017.02.006}, abstractNote={Following the advent of hydraulic fracturing to effectively collect natural gas and oil, there has been growing interest in placing exploration and extraction wells in or adjacent to public park and forest systems across North America and Europe. At the heart of the debate about leasing public parkland is the concern that park acreage and accessibility will be lost to fracking operations, thereby decreasing park attendance. In this study, we apply value-belief-norm theory to evaluate park users’ general attitudes toward fracking and public policy and their perceptions of fracking's impact on their recreational activity. A survey of 255 park users in the Appalachian Basin of the United States indicated that individuals holding strong pro-environmental attitudes in general would likely avoid parklands that are affected by fracking operations. Additionally, a majority of respondents reported concern that fracking would disrupt park access and thusly supported legislative bans of fracking in public parklands. This study provides initial insight into park users’ attitudes toward hydraulic fracturing, especially how it relates to their recreational usage. Specially, the results indicate: Park users are concerned that fracking operations near local, state, or national parks would disrupt the accessibility and usage of those parks. Knowledge of fracking and the technological processes behind it is mixed among park users, suggesting that educational outreach efforts may contribute to greater support of or opposition to fracking projects. Local, state, or federal land managers considering leasing public land for oil or gas exploration must work with policymakers and energy operators to mitigate both the actual and perceived impacts on park usage and recreational pursuits. Additional research is necessary to evaluate the degree to which park usage has been impacted by park-proximate fracking operations.}, journal={JOURNAL OF OUTDOOR RECREATION AND TOURISM-RESEARCH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT}, author={Kellison, Timothy B. and Bunds, Kyle S. and Casper, Jonathan M. and Newman, Joshua I.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={75–80} }
 @article{bunds_brandon-lai_armstrong_2016, title={An inductive investigation of participants' attachment to charity sports events: the case of team water charity}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1746-031X"]}, DOI={10.1080/16184742.2016.1164212}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Research question: Charities have begun utilizing sport events as a vehicle for obtaining contributions toward a designated cause and to differentiate themselves in the charity market. Although scholarship has focused on how people attach to a charitable organization, there is a lack of research investigating religiously based international charities. Therefore, this paper examines the attachment of participants in a running event fundraiser for a North American based Christian water charity implementing clean water systems in the developing world. Research methods: Part of a larger ethnography, this study focuses upon semi-structured interviews conducted with charity fundraisers, race participants and charity organizers, before, during, and after the Miami Marathon. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded both individually and communally by the authors. Results and Findings: Three distinct themes emerged: (1) embodied philanthropy; (2) embodied internalization of the cause; and (3) religiosity and international philanthropy. Theme three was divided into two sub-themes concerning (3a) religious systems of consumer ethics and global citizenship and (3b) participants as conduits for their religion. These themes developed as distinct responses for how individuals connect to an international cause unrelated to their everyday lives and show how a Christian water charity connects water poverty with the values of current and potential fundraisers. Implications: Findings of this study show the important role of embodied action and religiosity in philanthropy. Results contribute to the existing literature on psychological attachment within the sport management literature, while extending the field to include religiously based international charities.}, number={3}, journal={EUROPEAN SPORT MANAGEMENT QUARTERLY}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and Brandon-Lai, Simon and Armstrong, Cole}, year={2016}, month={Jun}, pages={364–383} }
 @article{giardina_king-white_bunds_2016, title={Boston Strong Sport, terror/ism, and the spectacle pedagogy of citizenship}, volume={51}, journal={Endurance running: a socio-cultural examination}, author={Giardina, M. D. and King-White, R. and Bunds, K. S.}, year={2016}, pages={111–126} }
 @article{bunds_2016, title={On the messiness of activism from the inside: Global water charities, organizational ethnography, and the politics of change}, volume={38}, ISSN={["1556-3022"]}, DOI={10.1080/10714413.2016.1178541}, abstractNote={Proem London, England. June. 2013. I’m walking home through Green Park after a frustrating day working at the London Water Charity.1 I need to decompress after what I had just gone through. I’m con...}, number={3}, journal={REVIEW OF EDUCATION PEDAGOGY AND CULTURAL STUDIES}, author={Bunds, Kyle}, year={2016}, pages={236–259} }
 @article{bunds_newman_giardina_2015, title={The Spectacle of Disposability: Bumfights, Commodity Abjection, and the Politics of Homelessness}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1479-5809"]}, DOI={10.1080/15295036.2014.944928}, abstractNote={This article offers a critical analysis of the mediation and commercialization of “bum fighting” (videotaping two or more poverty stricken individuals engaged in low-dollar bloodsport). In recent years, the production of pugilism has emerged in the US as popular—and indeed highly lucrative—features of the media-sport landscape. This paper looks into what we can learn from these 1) deeply corporeal mediations and 2) radically political public pedagogies. Regarding the corporeal dimension, we deconstruct the ways in which bodies—and particularly bodies of the street—are framed within these popular discursive formations. We also explore the ways in which these media representations valorize, and are articulated within, broader political mediations on the underprivileged and “living welfarism”—which largely portray individuals living with homelessness as social welfare “parasites,” drug addicts, or nuisances to a nation's economic growth. We consider how these popular media constructs locate certain bodies as abject and thereby disposable. We conclude by discussing what these public pedagogies tell us not only about public space but most importantly about bodies that inhabit them.}, number={4}, journal={CRITICAL STUDIES IN MEDIA COMMUNICATION}, author={Bunds, Kyle S. and Newman, Joshua I. and Giardina, Michael D.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={272–286} }
 @article{bass_schaeperkoetter_bunds_2015, title={The “Front Porch”: Examining the Increasing Interconnection of University and Athletic Department Funding}, volume={41}, ISSN={1551-6970}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/AEHE.20023}, DOI={10.1002/AEHE.20023}, abstractNote={ASHE Higher Education ReportVolume 41, Issue 5 p. 1-103 Research Article The "Front Porch": Examining the Increasing Interconnection of University and Athletic Department Funding Jordan R. Bass, Jordan R. BassSearch for more papers by this authorClaire C. Schaeperkoetter, Claire C. SchaeperkoetterSearch for more papers by this authorKyle S. Bunds, Kyle S. BundsSearch for more papers by this author Jordan R. Bass, Jordan R. BassSearch for more papers by this authorClaire C. Schaeperkoetter, Claire C. SchaeperkoetterSearch for more papers by this authorKyle S. Bunds, Kyle S. BundsSearch for more papers by this author First published: 13 August 2015 https://doi.org/10.1002/aehe.20023Citations: 8Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References Abraham, Z. (2011, February 10). "Save Cal Sports?" Does the University of California care? The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved from http://blog.sfgate.com/abraham/2011/02/10/save-cal-sports-does-the-university-of-california-care/ Google Scholar Anderson, P. M. (2012). Title IX at forty: An introduction and historical review of forty legal developments that shaped gender equity law. Marquette Sports Law Review, 22(325), 1–55. Google Scholar Associated Press. (2012a, June 30). Texas A&M officially joins SEC on Sunday, but move already paying off for Aggies. Retrieved from http://www.al.com/sports/index.ssf/2012/06/texas_am_officially_joins_sec.html Google Scholar Associated Press. (2012b, June 29). A&M QB Johnny Manziel arrested. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/8112673/texas-aggies-freshman-qb-johnny-manziel-arrested Google Scholar Bachman, R. (2012, April). Cal's Football-Stadium Gamble. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304432704577350214257041598 Google Scholar Barrabi, T. (2014, December 10). UAB football cancellation could become trend amid concern over NCAA student-athlete compensation suit. International Business Times. Retrieved from http://www.ibtimes.com/uab-football-cancellation-could-become-trend-amid-concern-over-ncaa-student-athlete-1734323 Google Scholar Bass, J. R., & Newman, J. I. (2013). Too big to fail: The Penn State scandal and the crisis of the corporate university [Special issue]. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 22–40. Web of Science®Google Scholar Benedict, J., & Keteyian, A. (2013). The system: The glory and scandal of big-time college football. New York, NY: Doubleday. Google Scholar Benford, R. (2007). The college sports reform movement: Reframing the "edutainment" industry. The Sociological Quarterly, 48(1), 1–28. 10.1111/j.1533-8525.2007.00068.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Bennett, B. (2012, June 14). Arms race proves recession-proof. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/8047787/college-football-facilities-arms-race-proves-recession-proof Google Scholar Berkowitz, S., Schnaars, C., Upton, J., Moran, M., Angell, J., Mangum, E.,…Taylor, R. (2014). College finances. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/schools/finances/ Google Scholar Berkowitz, S., Upton, J., McCarthy, M., & Gillum, J. (2010, October). How student fees boost college sports amid rising budgets. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/2010-09-21-student-fees-boost-college-sports_N.htm Google Scholar Blackford, L. (2012, April 1). College sports come at a cost to Kentucky taxpayers. The Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved from http://www.kentucky.com/2012/04/01/2134910/college-sports-come-at-a-cost.html Google Scholar Bok, D. (2003). Universities in the marketplace. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Google Scholar Brady, E., Axon, R., & Berkowitz, S. (2015, January 16). With Penn State wins restored, Joe Paterno the winningest coach again. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaaf/bigten/2015/01/16/ncaa-joe-paterno-wins-restored-penn-state-settlement/21867685/ Google Scholar Branch, T. (2011, October). The shame of college athletics. The Atlantic. Retrieved from http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2011/10/the-shame-of-college-sports/8643 Google Scholar Bromberg, N. (2014, May 30). SEC network could be worth over $35 million for each conference school. Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved from http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/ncaaf-dr-saturday/sec-network-could-be-worth-over--35-million-for-each-conference-school-152409523.html?pt=Array2012-08-04.html Google Scholar BTN: Big Ten Network. (2014). About us. Retrieved from http://btn.com/about/ Google Scholar Byers, W., & Hammer, C. (1995). Unsportsmanlike conduct: Exploiting college athletes. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar Carlton, C. (2010, June 12). Pac-10 commish flying to Texas, Oklahoma to invite. Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sports/college-sports/texas-longhorns/20100611-Pac-10-commish-flying-to-Texas-584.ece Google Scholar Christian, C. (2014, May 13). Manziel enters NFL with an end to legal fight over "Johnny Football" name. The Chronicle. Retrieved from http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/texas/article/Manziel-enters-NFL-with-an-end-to-legal-fight-5474259.php Google Scholar Clotfelter, C. T. (2011). Big-time sports in American universities. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511976902 Google Scholar Coon, L. (2011, November 28). Breaking down changes in new CBA. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/nba/story/_/page/CBA-111128/how-new-nba-deal-compares-last-one Google Scholar Copeland, J. (2007, August 27). Moratorium lets Division 1 pause to ponder growth. The NCAA News. Retrieved from http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/NCAANewsArchive/2007/Division+I/moratorium%2Blets%2Bdivision%2Bi%2Bpause%2Bto%2Bponder%2Bgrowth%2B-%2B08-27-07%2B-%2Bncaa%2Bnews.html Google Scholar Crosby, F. J. (1982). Relative deprivation and working women. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar Cummings, S. (1988). Business elites and urban development: Case studies and critical perspectives. Albany: State University of New York Press. Google Scholar Curry, C. (2014, April 25). What unionizing athletes would mean for college sports. ABC News. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/US/unionizing-athletes-college-sports/story?id=23469250 Google Scholar Davis, B. (2015, February 2). Bell: UAB, Birmingham would benefit from separate board. Birmingham Business Journal. Retrieved from http://www.bizjournals.com/birmingham/news/2015/02/02/bell-uab-birmingham-would-benefit-from-separate.html Google Scholar Denhart, M., & Vedder, R. (2010). Intercollegiate athletics subsidies. Washington, DC: Center for College Affordability and Productivity. Retrieved from http://www.centerforcollegeaffordability.org/uploads/ICA_Subsidies_RegressiveTax.pdf Google Scholar Dent, M. (2012, August 26). Television is the ruling body of college sports. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved from http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/sports/college-national/television-is-the-ruling-body-of-college-sports-650506/ Google Scholar Drape, J. (2010, September 28). Cal-Berkeley cuts 5 athletic programs. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/29/sports/29cal.html Google Scholar Duderstadt, J. J. (2009). Intercollegiate athletics and the American university: A university president's perspective. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar Duffy, T. (2013a, February 25). Johnny Manziel trademarked "Johnny Football," can profit from T-shirt lawsuit. The Big Lead. Retrieved from http://thebiglead.com/2013/02/25/250743/ Google Scholar Duffy, T. (2013b, January 18). Johnny Manziel Heisman run generated $37 million in media exposure for Texas A&M. The Big Lead. Retrieved from http://thebiglead.com/2013/01/18/johnny-manziel-heisman-run-generated-37-million-in-media-exposure-for-texas-am/ Google Scholar Dufresne, C. (2014, June 3). College sports' billion-dollar issue: Who pays freight on pay-to-play? Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://www.latimes.com/sports/la-sp-ncaa-problems-dufresne-20140604-column.html#page=1 Google Scholar Eder, S., & Strauss, B. (2014, June 9). Understanding Ed O'Bannon's suit against the N.C.A.A. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/10/sports/ncaabasketball/understanding-ed-obannons-suit-against-the-ncaa.html?_r=1 Google Scholar Eichelberger, C., & Young, E. (2012, May). Rutgers football fails profit test as students pay $1,000. Bloomberg Business. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-05-03/rutgers-football-fails-profit-test-as-students-pay-1-000.html Google Scholar Ejiochi, I. (2014, September 4). How the NFL makes the most money of any pro sport. CNBC. Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/id/101884818# Google Scholar Evans, T. (2014, November 30). Alabama-Birmingham to fire athletic director, shut down football program. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved from http://www.si.com/college-football/2014/11/30/alabama-birmingham-shuts-down-football-program-fires-athletic-director Google Scholar Femia, W. (2014, March 31). NCAA prez: Unionizing student athletes is wrong. MSNBC. Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/ncaa-prez-mark-emmert-unionizing-student-athletes-wrong Google Scholar Fornelli, T. (2014, April 26). Big Ten schools projected to make $45 million with new TV deal. CBS Sports. Retrieved from http://www.cbssports.com/collegefootball/eye-on-college-football/24540002/big-ten-schools-projected-to-get-45-million-with-new-tv-deal Google Scholar Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. (2012). A brief history of mandatory student fees. Retrieved from http://thefire.org/public/pdfs/student-fees-2.pdf?direct Google Scholar Fowler, J. (2014, April 21). Players as employees? High costs of college football union is in millions. CBS Sports. Retrieved from http://www.cbssports.com/collegefootball/eye-on-college-football/24534813/players-as-employees-looking-at-the-real-costs-of-a-college-football-union Google Scholar Frank, T. (2011, December). Athletics—Why and at what cost? Retrieved from http://www.president.colostate.edu/speeches/athletics-december-2011.aspx Google Scholar Freedberg, L. (2011, February 7). UC Berkeley asked to absorb $80M of Brown's $500m cut. California Watch. Retrieved from http://californiawatch.org/dailyreport/uc-berkeley-asked-absorb-80m-browns-500m-cut-8507 Google Scholar Frommer, F. J. (2009, July 8). Utah senator wants probe of BCS. Southeast Missourian. Retrieved from http://www.semissourian.com/story/1552991.html Google Scholar Frontline. (2011, October 4). The NCAA lawsuit. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/money-and-march-madness/ncaa-lawsuit/ Google Scholar Gavora, J. (2002). Tilting the playing field: Schools, sports, sex, and Title IX. San Francisco, CA: Encounter Books. Google Scholar Gerdy, J. R. (2006). Air ball: American education's failed experiment with elite athletes. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi. Google Scholar Gillum, J., Upton, J., & Berkowitz, S. (2010, January 15). Amid funding crisis, college athletics soak up subsidies, fees. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/2010-01-13-ncaa-athletics-funding-analysis_N.htm Google Scholar Giroux, H. A. (2007). The university in chains: Confronting the military-industrial-academic complex. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers. Google Scholar Giroux, H. A. (2009). Democracy's nemesis: The rise of the corporate university. Cultural Studies ó Critical Methodologies, 9, 669–695. 10.1177/1532708609341169 Google Scholar Giroux, H. A. (2010). Bare pedagogy and the scourge of neoliberalism: Rethinking higher education as a democratic public sphere. The Educational Forum, 74(3), 184–196. 10.1080/00131725.2010.483897 Google Scholar Giroux, H. A., & Searls Giroux, S. (2012). Universities gone wild: Big money, big sports, and scandalous abuse at Penn State. Cultural Studies ó Critical Methodologies, 12(4), 267–273. 10.1177/1532708612446419 Google Scholar Harris, P. L. (2015, April 6). SJSU budget update. SJSU Today: San José State University News. Retrieved from https://blogs.sjsu.edu/today/2015/sjsu-budget-update-2/ Google Scholar Harvey, D. (2006). Limits to capital. London, England: Verso. Google Scholar Hruby, P. (2013, March 19). The gold-plating of college sports. Sports on Earth. Retrieved from http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/42924176 Google Scholar Hums, M. A., & MacLean, J. C. (2004). Governance and policy in sport organizations. Scottsdale, AZ: Holcomb Hathaway Publishers. Google Scholar Jones, R. (2015, January 18). Penn State still doesn't get it. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/18/opinion/jones-penn-state-still-doesnt-get-it/ Google Scholar Judge, J., O'Brien, D., & O'Brien, T. (1995). Gender equity in the 1990s: An athletic administrator's survival guide to Title IX and gender equity compliance. Seton Hall Journal of Sport Law, 5, 313–338. Google Scholar Jurewitz, R. (2000). Playing at an even strength: Reforming Title IX enforcement in intercollegiate athletics. American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy and the Law, 8(2), 283–351. Google Scholar Katz, A. (2010, June 15). Source: Influential group saved Big 12. ESPN. Retrieved from http://sports.espn.go.com/ncaa/news/story?id=5286816 Google Scholar Kerkhoff, B. (2010, November 26). Big 12 problems trace to league's roots. Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sports/college-sports/headlines/20100605-Big-12-problems-trace-to-league-5863.ece Google Scholar Khan, S. (2012, August 9). Inside A&M's new training facility. ESPN. Retrieved from http://insider.espn.go.com/blog/colleges/tamu/post/_/id/485/inside-ams-new-training-facility Google Scholar Khurshudyan, I. (2015, April 6). Dave Bliss gets a new college basketball coaching gig 12 years after Baylor scandal. The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/early-lead/wp/2015/04/06/dave-bliss-gets-a-new-college-basketball-coaching-gig-12-years-after-baylor-scandal/ Google Scholar Kirp, D. (2003). Shakespeare, Einstein, and the bottom line. London, England: Harvard University Press. Google Scholar LeRoy, M. H. (2015). How a "labor dispute" would help the NCAA. University of Chicago Law Review, 81, 44–66. Google Scholar Loveridge, S., & Nizalov, D. (2007). Increasing the equity and efficiency of tax abatement programs. The Journal of Regional Analysis & Policy, 37(1), 10–14. Google Scholar Low, C. (2012, June 14). Ranking the SEC's football facilities. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/blog/ncfnation/tag/_/name/2012-facilities-rank Google Scholar Lyall, S. (2014, October 22). UNC investigation reveals athletes took fake classes. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/23/sports/university-of-north-carolina-investigation-reveals-shadow-curriculum-to-help-athletes.html Google Scholar Maisel, I. (2014, August 8). Autonomy set to benefit athletes. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/11321434/autonomy-grants-power-5-more-control Google Scholar Mandel, S. (2014, August 9). O'Bannon ruling deals crushing end to amateurism in NCAA athletics. FOX Sports. Retrieved from http://www.foxsports.com/college-football/story/o-bannon-decision-deals-decisive-end-to-amateurism-in-ncaa-athletics-080814 Google Scholar Marx, K. (1976). Capital (Vol. 1). A critique of political economy. London, England: Penguin. Google Scholar Masterson, K. (2011, February). Donations to colleges rose, if only slightly, in 2010. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Donations-to-Colleges-Barely/126178/ Google Scholar McIntire, M., & Bogdanich, W. (2014, October 10). At Florida State, football clouds justice. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/12/us/florida-state-football-casts-shadow-over-tallahassee-justice.html Google Scholar Moore, D. L. (2005, June 8). Murder, scandal forced changes at Baylor. USA Today. Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/college/mensbasketball/big12/2005-06-08-baylor-changes_x.htm Google Scholar Mosco, V. (2009). The political economy of communication ( 2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 10.4135/9781446279946 Google Scholar Mushnick, P. (2014, November 1). Media already quick to forget UNC academic scandal. The New York Post. Retrieved from http://nypost.com/2014/11/01/media-already-quick-to-forget-unc-academic-scandal/ Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014a). About NCAA Division II. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/about?division=d2 Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014b). Division II partial-scholarship model. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/about/division-ii-partial-scholarship-model?division=d2 Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014c). Division III philosophy statement. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/governance/division-iii-philosophy-statement Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014d). NCAA Division I. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/about?division=d1 Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014e). NCAA Division III. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/about?division=d3 Google Scholar National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). (2014f). 2014–2015 NCAA Division 1 manual. Indianapolis, IN: Author. Google Scholar O'Toole, T. (2010, April 22). NCAA reaches 14-year deal with CBS/Turner for men's basketball tournament, which expands to 68 teams for now. USA Today. Retrieved from http://content.usatoday.com/communities/campusrivalry/post/2010/04/ncaa-reaches-14-year-deal-with-cbsturner/1 Google Scholar Phillips, B. (2014, April 1). The Northwestern decision: An explainer. Grantland. Retrieved from http://grantland.com/features/northwestern-ncaa-college-athletics-union/ Google Scholar Pielke, R. (2011, November 24). Competing for TV contracts. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/11/24/how-should-college-athletic-conferences-be-organized/college-football-is-a-competition-for-tv-contracts Google Scholar Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the twenty-first century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 10.4159/9780674369542 Google Scholar Porto, B. L. (1996). Suits by female college athletes against colleges and universities claiming that decisions to discontinue particular sports or to deny varsity status to particular sports deprive plaintiffs of equal educational opportunities required by Title IX. American Law Reports, 129(571), 1–14. Google Scholar Prisbell, E., & Yanda, S. (2010, April 23). NCAA tournament to expand to 68 teams after deal is reached with CBS, Turner. The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/22/AR2010042203916.html Google Scholar Public Affairs. (2010, September 28). Chancellor announces new plan for Cal Athletics' future. UC Berkeley News Center. Retrieved from http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/28/athletics/ Google Scholar Rauch, I. (2013, January 6). Here are a couple pictures of Johnny Manziel having a nice time at a nightclub after his Cotton Bowl win. Deadspin. Retrieved from http://deadspin.com/5973499/here-are-a-couple-pictures-of-johnny-manziel-having-a-nice-time-at-a-nightclub-after-his-cotton-bowl-win-updated Google Scholar Redevelopment of Kyle Field. (2014). Retrieved from http://kylefield.com Google Scholar Reich, J. B. (2003). All the [athletes] are equal, but some are more equal than others: An objective evaluation of Title IX's past, present, and recommendations for its future. Penn State Law Review, 108, 525–572. Google Scholar Resnikoff, N. (2014, March 26). College athletes have the right to a union, labor board rules. MSNBC. Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/college-athletes-have-the-right-union Google Scholar Ritzer, G. (2011). Globalization: The essentials. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Google Scholar Rovell, D. (2012, December 7). Will Johnny Manziel ever cash in? ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/blog/playbook/dollars/post/_/id/2547/will-johnny-manziel-ever-cash-in#more Google Scholar Rovell, D., & Gubar, J. (2013, August 6). Sources: NCAA investigating Manziel. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/espn/otl/story/_/id/9537999/otl-ncaa-investigating-johnny-manziel-profiting-autographs Google Scholar Sablich, J., Fessenden, F., & McLean, A. (2012, July 23). Timeline: The Penn State scandal. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/11/11/sports/ncaafootball/sandusky.html?_r=0 Google Scholar Salter, D. (1996). Crashing the old boys' network: The tragedies and triumphs of girls and women in sports. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. Google Scholar San Antonio Express-News. (2014, December 29). Johnny Manziel's astounding family history. Retrieved from http://www.mysanantonio.com/sports/college_sports/aggies/item/Timeline-Johnny-Manziel-s-astounding-family-23035.php Google Scholar Sander, L. (2011, October). NCAA approves scholarship increases and multiyear grants for athletes. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/blogs/players/ncaa-approves-scholarship-increases-and-multiyear-grants-for-athletes/29162 Google Scholar Schwartz, N. (2014, May 12). Texas A&M regent wants Kyle Field to be named "the house that Johnny built." USA Today. Retrieved from http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/05/texas-am-kyle-field-house-that-johnny-built Google Scholar Schwartz, N. (2015, January 17). ESPN's Keith Olbermann eviscerates Penn State. USA Today. Retrieved from http://ftw.usatoday.com/2015/01/keith-olbermann-penn-state-paterno-wins Google Scholar Sen, A. (1983). Poor, relatively speaking. Oxford Economic Papers, 35(2), 153–169. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041587 Web of Science®Google Scholar Shaw, P. L. (1995). Achieving Title IX gender equity in college athletics in an era of fiscal austerity. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 19(6), 6–27. 10.1177/019372395019001002 Google Scholar Shulman, J. L., & Bowen, W. G. (2001). The game of life: College sports and educational values. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Google Scholar Sigelman, L., & Wahlbeck, P. (1999). Gender proportionality in intercollegiate athletics: The mathematics of Title IX compliance. Social Science Quarterly, 80(3), 518–538. Web of Science®Google Scholar Simon, R. (2005). Sporting equality: Title IX thirty years later. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. Google Scholar Slaughter, S., & Rhoades, G. (2000). The neo-liberal university. New Labor Forum, 6, 73–79. Google Scholar Smith, E. (2011, July 1). Will Lyles says Oregon paid him for "access and influence with recruits." USA Today. Retrieved from http://content.usatoday.com/communities/campusrivalry/post/2011/07/oregon-will-lyles-ncaa-investigation-yahoo-sports/1#.UMi09IM70WI Google Scholar Smith, R. D. (2012). College sports' corporate arena. Contexts, 11(4), 68–69. 10.1177/1536504212466341 Google Scholar Solomon, J. (2014, December 23). Death of UAB football: Anger remains, but study banks on healing. CBS Sports. Retrieved from http://www.cbssports.com/collegefootball/writer/jon-solomon/24913760/death-of-uab-football-anger-remains-but-study-banks-on-healing Google Scholar Sperber, M. (1990). College sports inc.: The athletic department vs. the university. New York, NY: Henry Holt Books. Google Scholar Sperber, M. (2000). Beer and circus: How big-time college sports is crippling undergraduate education. New York, NY: Henry Holt Books. Google Scholar Stafford, S. L. (2004). Progress toward Title IX compliance: The effect of formal and informal enforcement mechanisms. Social Science Quarterly, 85(5), 1469–1486. 10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00286.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Stephenson, L. (2013, February 28). Texas A&M VP Cook named "International Brand Master" by Educational Marketing Group. Texas A&M Today. Retrieved from http://today.tamu.edu/2013/02/28/texas-am-vp-cook-named-international-brand-master-by-educational-marketing-group/ Google Scholar Taylor, J. (2012, May 21). Big Ten's per-member payout this year? Nearly $25 million. NBC Sports. Retrieved from http://collegefootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2012/05/21/big-tens-per-member-payout-this-year-nearly-25-million/ Google Scholar Texas A&M Athletics. (2012, June 1). Countdown to the SEC: Why is Texas A&M joining the SEC? Retrieved from http://www.12thman.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=205430546 Google Scholar Texas A&M Athletics. (2013a). Johnny Manziel bio. Retrieved from http://www.12thman.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=205236136 Google Scholar Texas A&M Athletics. (2013b). Kyle Field redevelopment timeline. Retrieved from http://www.12thman.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=208765870 Google Scholar Thelin, J. R. (1996). Games colleges play: Scandal and reform in intercollegiate athletics. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Google Scholar Thelin, J. R. (2000). Good sports? Historical perspective on the political economy of intercollegiate athletics in the era of Title IX. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 391–410. 10.2307/2649145 Web of Science®Google Scholar Tougas, F., & Beaton, A. (2002). Personal and group relative deprivation: Connecting the "I" with the "we." In I. Walker & H. Smith (Eds.), Relative deprivation: Specification, development, and integration (pp. 119–135). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar Tsitsos, W., & Nixon, H. (2012). The Star Wars arms race in college athletics: Coaches' pay and athletic program status. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 36(1), 68–88. 10.1177/0193723511433867 Web of Science®Google Scholar Twitchell, J. (2004). Branded nation. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. Google Scholar Ubben, D. (2011, September 22). David Boren: Presidents agree to deal. ESPN. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/college-sports/story/_/id/7006610/big-12-presidents-pledge-grant-television-rights-revenue-conference-according-oklahoma-president-david-boren Google Scholar Upton, J., & Berkowitz, S. (2012, May 5). Budget disparity growing among NCAA Division I schools. USA Today. Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/college/story/2012-05-15/budget-disparity-increase-college-athletics/54960698/1 Google Scholar Upton, J., Berkowitz, S., & Gillum, J. (2010). Big-time college athletics: Are they worth the big-time costs? USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/2010-01-13-ncaa-athletics-subsidies_N.htm Google Scholar USA Today. (2012, May). USA Today Sports' college athletics finances. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/story/2012-05-14/ncaa-college-athletics-finances-database/54955804/1 Google Scholar Veblen, T. (1899/2007). The theory of the leisure class. New York, NY: Macmillan. Google Scholar Veblen, T. (1901/2007). Theory of the leisure class. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar Veblen, T. (1904/2005). The theory of business enterprise. New York, NY: Cosimo, Inc. Google Scholar Vecsey, L. (2005, June 17). In Baylor tragedy, corrupt program should share in the guilt. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved from http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2005-06-17/sports/0506170245_1_dotson-dennehy-baylor Google Scholar Vint, P. (2014, March 27). Explaining what the Northwestern college football union decision means. SB Nation. Retrieved from http://www.sbnation.com/college-football/2014/3/27/5551014/college-football-players-union-northwestern-nlrb Google Scholar Walker, I., & Smith, H. J. (2002). Relative deprivation: Specification, development, and integration. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar Walker, S. (1994). The athletic department and the institutional development office: A systems approach to athletic fund-raising (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (Accession Order No. AAI9434546). http://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9434546/ Google Scholar Weather Channel. (2009, August). Katrina's statistics tell story of its wrath. Retrieved from http://xoap.weather.com/newscenter/topstories/060829katrinastats.html Google Scholar Weaver, K. (2011). A game change: Paying for big-time college sports. Change, 43(1), 14–21. 10.1080/00091383.2011.533099 Google Scholar Weight, E. A., & Zullo, R. H. (2015). Administration of intercollegiate athletics. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Google Scholar Wieberg, S. (2010, August). University of New Orleans athletics adjust to downsizing. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/2010-08-26-hurricane-katrina-university-of-new-orleans-division-III_N.htm Google Scholar Wiggins, D. K. (1995). Sport in America: From wicked amusement to national obsession. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Google Scholar Williams, J. J. (2001). Franchising the university. In H. A. Giroux & K. Myrsiades (Eds.), Beyond the corporate university: Culture and pedagogy in the new millennium (pp. 15–28). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Google Scholar Wilson, J. (2015, January 30). UConn will offer enhanced athletic scholarships in fall. Hartford Courant. Retrieved from http://www.courant.com/sports/uconn-huskies/hc-uconn-full-cost-attendance-0131-20150130-story.html Google Scholar Wise, M. (2003, August 28). College basketball; death and deception. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/28/sports/college-basketball-death-and-deception.html Google Scholar Yost, M. (2010). Varsity green: A behind the scenes look at culture and corruption in college athletics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Google Scholar Zimbalist, A. (1999). Unpaid professionals: Commercialism and conflict in big-time college sports. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 10.1515/9781400823079 Web of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume41, Issue5Special Issue:The "Front Porch": Examining the Increasing Interconnection of University and Athletic Department Funding2015Pages 1-103 ReferencesRelatedInformation}, number={5}, journal={ASHE Higher Education Report}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Bass, Jordan R. and Schaeperkoetter, Claire C. and Bunds, Kyle S.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={1–103} }
 @article{brimecombe_magnusen_bunds_2014, title={Navigating the storm: A counterproductive work behavior and leadership case study in a Division I FBS School}, volume={17}, ISSN={1441-3523}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.SMR.2013.03.001}, DOI={10.1016/J.SMR.2013.03.001}, abstractNote={The "Navigating the storm" case study is positioned in the context of a North American, National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I FBS marketing department. The case study scenario revolves around Steve, an ambitious graduate assistant (GA) who was recently promoted to the Marketing and Promotions Game Day Director, as he interacts with his team of employees and prepares for the first home football game of the season. This personnel management case study is centered on the interaction of six important areas: transformational leadership and implementing a leadership vision, counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), organizational justice perceptions, equity theory, leader–member exchange (LMX) theory, and hiring processes. In reading this case study, answering the provided questions, and engaging in the suggested teaching activities, sport management students should develop an applied understanding of how these six areas come together to impact human performance in a sport industry job setting.}, number={2}, journal={Sport Management Review}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Brimecombe, Michelle and Magnusen, Marshall J. and Bunds, Kyle}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={219–237} }
 @article{lee_shin_bunds_kim_cho_2014, title={Rediscovering the Positive Psychology of Sport Participation: Happiness in a Ski Resort Context}, volume={9}, ISSN={1871-2584 1871-2576}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/S11482-013-9255-5}, DOI={10.1007/S11482-013-9255-5}, number={3}, journal={Applied Research in Quality of Life}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Lee, Hyun-Woo and Shin, Sunyun and Bunds, Kyle S. and Kim, Minjung and Cho, Kwang Min}, year={2014}, month={Sep}, pages={575–590} }
 @article{bunds_kim_2012, title={Book review}, volume={15}, ISSN={1441-3523}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2011.08.010}, DOI={10.1016/j.smr.2011.08.010}, abstractNote={"Reading Baseball: Books, Biographies, and the Business of the Game." Sport Management Review, 15(2), pp. 257–258}, number={2}, journal={Sport Management Review}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Bunds, Kyle and Kim, Yu Kyoum}, year={2012}, month={May}, pages={257–258} }