@article{pierce_scansen_rao_2023, title={Radiation dose during interventional cardiology procedures: portable C-arm vs. a new generation fluoroscopy system}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2023.03.005}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2023.03.005}, abstractNote={Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation poses health risks for veterinary interventionalists. There are limited veterinary studies evaluating radiation dose in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The purpose of this study was to report direct radiation dose exposure to patients during common interventional cardiology procedures and compare these doses between two fluoroscopy units. One hundred and fifty-four client-owned dogs. Patient dose during procedures using a portable C-arm were retrospectively analyzed and compared to those performed in a contemporary interventional suite. Fluoroscopy equipment, procedure type, operator, patient weight, fluoroscopy time, dose area product, and air kerma were recorded and statistically modeled using univariable and multivariable linear regression to evaluate the effect of each factor. Patient dose population (154 dogs), comprised 61 patent ductus arteriosus occlusions, 60 balloon pulmonary valvuloplasties, and 33 pacemaker implantations. Patient dose was significantly lower in the group utilizing a newer generation fluoroscopy unit vs. the group utilizing an older portable C-arm, positively correlated with patient weight, and highest during balloon pulmonary valvuloplasties compared to patent ductus arteriosus occlusions or pacemaker implantations (all P<0.010). Newer fluoroscopy systems can be equipped with technologies that improve image quality while reducing patient dose and radiation exposure to interventional personnel. We documented a significant reduction in patient radiation dose using a newer fluoroscopy system as compared to an older portable C-arm for interventional cardiology procedures in animals. Improved knowledge of patient radiation dose factors may promote better radiation safety protocols in veterinary interventional cardiology.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, author={Pierce, K.V. and Scansen, B.A. and Rao, S.}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @article{hammond_pierce_2023, title={Treatment of high-output cardiac failure secondary to anemia in three cats}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2055-1169"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/20551169231154178}, DOI={10.1177/20551169231154178}, abstractNote={Case series summary Three cats presented for clinical signs of respiratory distress and varying etiologies of anemia. Echocardiograms revealed evidence of cardiac dilation without other significant structural or functional heart disease. Thoracic imaging via point-of-care ultrasound and/or radiographs confirmed evidence of volume overload by pleural effusion. Each cat was diagnosed with presumed high-output cardiac failure secondary to anemia. Mainstays of treatment included controlling congestion and correcting the anemia with transfusions in the short-term while addressing the underlying etiology of the anemia in the long-term. }, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY OPEN REPORTS}, author={Hammond, Hillary and Pierce, Kursten V}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{lyons_simpson_spraker_pierce_2022, title={Ante-mortem diagnosis of a doubly committed juxta-arterial ventricular septal defect resulting in bacterial endocarditis and septic arthritis in a Holstein heifer}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2052-6121"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/vrc2.306}, DOI={10.1002/vrc2.306}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS}, author={Lyons, Rachael Ann H. and Simpson, Katharine M. and Spraker, Terry R. and Pierce, Kursten V}, year={2022}, month={Feb} }
 @article{williams_hammond_pierce_2022, title={High-output cardiac failure in a dog secondary to hepatic vascular malformation}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2052-6121"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/vrc2.371}, DOI={10.1002/vrc2.371}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS}, author={Williams, Kristina and Hammond, Hillary and Pierce, Kursten V}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{karn_potter_pierce_scansen_2022, title={Medial insertion of the patent ductus arteriosus characterized by computed tomography angiography in a cat and dog}, volume={2}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2022.02.003}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2022.02.003}, abstractNote={Surgical ligation of a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus was attempted in two animals. In both cases, a young cat and dog, ligation was complicated by poor visualization of the ductus resulting in unsuccessful ligation. Post-operatively, both the cat and dog underwent computed tomography angiography to characterize the location and morphology of the patent ductus arteriosus. In both cases, computed tomography angiography revealed a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus with an insertion location medial to the left pulmonary artery branch compared to the typical location. We hypothesize that this atypical location resulted in a difficult surgical visualization from the left thoracotomy approach. Transvenous coil embolization of the duct from the external jugular vein was performed in both cases and resulted in successful occlusion. Variations in the medial-lateral insertion of the ductus arteriosus may have consequences for surgical intervention. If an atypical location of a patent ductus arteriosus is suspected on transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography angiography prior to ligation may be useful to further define ductal location and help guide the surgical approach.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Karn, Marta and Potter, Brianna M. and Pierce, Kursten V. and Scansen, Brian A.}, year={2022}, month={Feb} }
 @article{chi_scansen_potter_pierce_gagnon_sloan_2022, title={Transcatheter closure of aneurysmal perimembranous ventricular septal defect with the canine duct occluder in two dogs}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2022.07.003}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2022.07.003}, abstractNote={Congenital membranous ventricular septal aneurysm has been reported in dogs and can be associated with a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD). The windsock-like ventricular septal aneurysm is formed by tissue of the membranous ventricular septum and portions of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. We report two dogs that underwent transcatheter closure of perimembranous VSD associated with membranous ventricular septal aneurysm using a commercial device marketed for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus, the canine duct occluder. Partial closure was achieved in the first dog with reduction in left heart dimensions documented on echocardiography both at one day and nine months after procedure. In the second dog, three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, and a three-dimensionally printed whole heart model were used to evaluate feasibility for transcatheter device closure. Complete closure of the VSD was subsequently achieved. Both cases had good short- to medium-term outcomes, no perioperative complications were observed, and both dogs are apparently healthy and receiving no cardiac medications at 34 months and 17 months after procedure. Transcatheter attenuation of perimembranous VSD with membranous ventricular septal aneurysm is clinically feasible using the canine duct occluder, and multimodal cardiac imaging allows accurate assessment and planning prior to transcatheter intervention for structural heart disease in dogs.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, author={Chi, I.-J.B. and Scansen, B.A. and Potter, B.M. and Pierce, K.V. and Gagnon, A.L. and Sloan, C.Q.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{abbott-johnson_pierce_roof_rio_hamlin_2021, title={Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study}, volume={8}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2021.646437}, abstractNote={Background: Pimobendan provides a significant survival benefit in dogs with cardiac disease, including degenerative mitral valve disease and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Its positive inotropic effect is well-known, however, it has complex effects and the mechanisms behind the survival benefit are not fully characterized. Secondary hemodynamic effects may decrease mitral regurgitation (MR) in DCM, and the benefits of pimobendan may extend to improved cardiac relaxation and improved atrial function.}, journal={Frontiers in Veterinary Science}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Abbott-Johnson, Kaitlin and Pierce, Kursten V. and Roof, Steve and Rio, Carlos L. and Hamlin, Robert}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{freitas_koehncke_waldner_scansen_belotta_pierce_randall_carr_aoki_mayer_2021, title={Self-reported radiation safety behaviors among veterinary specialists and residents performing fluoroscopic procedures on small animals}, volume={259}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.259.5.518}, DOI={10.2460/javma.259.5.518}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Freitas, Fernando P. and Koehncke, Niels K. and Waldner, Cheryl L. and Scansen, Brian A. and Belotta, Alexandra F. and Pierce, Kursten and Randall, Elissa and Carr, Anthony and Aoki, Koji and Mayer, Monique N.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={518–527} }
 @article{sutherland_pierce_heffner_scansen_miller_grey_orton_2021, title={Surgical repair for canine tricuspid valve dysplasia: Technique and case report}, volume={33}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2020.11.001}, abstractNote={Tricuspid valve dysplasia (TVD) is a congenital malformation of the right atrioventricular valve characterized by restricted leaflet motion, annular dilation, and tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Severe cases typically exhibit progressive right-sided congestive heart failure, affecting the quality of life and survival. This article describes a technique for surgical repair of TVD and a case report with long-term follow-up. A 1.5-year-old intact male Labrador retriever with severe TR underwent surgical repair for TVD. Valve repair was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass and consisted of neochord mobilization of the valve leaflets and partial band annuloplasty. Transthoracic echocardiogram performed 5 days after surgery showed mild TR, a 93% decrease in anatomic regurgitant orifice area, and decreased right chamber dimensions. Forty-eight months after repair, the patient was free of clinical signs, did not have a heart murmur, and was receiving no cardiac medications. Based on this case, surgical repair of TVD is feasible with long-term durability, and the outcome suggests that the described technique may be a viable treatment option for patients with severe TVD.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Sutherland, Brian J. and Pierce, Kursten V. and Heffner, Geoff G. and Scansen, Brian A. and Miller, Mathew W. and Grey, Peter and Orton, E. Christopher}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={34–42} }
 @article{dvornicky-raymond_scansen_pierce_mama_hammond_johnston_2021, title={Transvenous occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in a domestic chicken (Gallus gallus)}, volume={37}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2021.08.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2021.08.001}, abstractNote={A 2.5-year-old intact female Marans domestic chicken was presented for lethargy, open beak breathing, and hyporexia. Echocardiography noted left atrial and left ventricular enlargement and computed tomography angiography revealed a type III left-sided patent ductus arteriosus. Retrograde catheterization of the ductus was performed via percutaneous access of the right external jugular vein, and transvenous ductal occlusion was achieved using an 8-mm Amplatzer™ Vascular Plug 4. Transient bradycardia and hypotension occurred during right heart catheterization, which were successfully treated with atropine and epinephrine. A two-week follow-up postoperative cardiac computed tomography scan confirmed appropriate placement of the occluder within the ductus, and echocardiography demonstrated reduced left heart size. The chicken showed an improvement in clinical signs and remains apparently well six months after the intervention. This report describes the computed tomographic findings of a patent ductus arteriosus in an avian species, minimally invasive transvenous closure of this congenital anomaly with a low-profile occlusion device, and the associated challenges and considerations specific to cardiac intervention in an avian patient.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Dvornicky-Raymond, Z.T. and Scansen, B.A. and Pierce, K.V. and Mama, K.R. and Hammond, H.K. and Johnston, M.S.}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={18–25} }
 @article{sutherland_pierce_gagnon_scansen_orton_2019, title={Dilatable pulmonary artery banding for ventricular septal defect: surgical technique and case report of three cats}, volume={25}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2019.08.001}, abstractNote={Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) is a viable but underreported palliative option for hemodynamically significant ventricular septal defect in small animals. A significant challenge associated with PAB is judging the degree of band tightening, which can be further complicated when animals are immature and still growing at the time of PAB. If a pulmonary artery band is overtightened or becomes progressively too tight after surgery, the result can be reversal of shunt flow with potentially devastating consequences. Placement of a band that could be percutaneously dilated using a balloon catheter affords a minimally invasive option for partially or completely relieving the band should it become too tight after PAB. This report describes a surgical technique for placement of a dilatable pulmonary artery band, reviews guidelines for tightening the band, and reports the outcome of three cats undergoing the procedure. All three cats showed evidence of reduced hemodynamic load after PAB for a period of up to three years after PAB.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Sutherland, B.J. and Pierce, K.V. and Gagnon, A.L. and Scansen, B.A. and Orton, E.C.}, year={2019}, month={Oct}, pages={32–40} }
 @article{kochie_pierce_robinson_karlin_rush_2019, title={Pathology in Practice}, volume={255}, DOI={10.2460/javma.255.9.1023}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Kochie, Samantha L. and Pierce, Kursten V. and Robinson, Nicholas and Karlin, Emily and Rush, John E.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={1023–1026} }
 @article{cunningham_pierce_2018, title={Dilated Cardiomyopathy}, DOI={10.1002/9781119028994.ch55}, abstractNote={Hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) may be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked manner, depending on the gene involved. DCM is characterized by left ventricular enlargement and reduced myocardial contraction force. Typically, DCM presents with one of three features: heart failure, thromboembolic disease, or arrhythmias and/or conduction system disease. Approximately 20-50% of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (those cases not due to acquired causes) are thought to have a genetic cause.}, journal={Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine}, publisher={John Wiley & Sons, Inc.}, author={Cunningham, Suzanne M. and Pierce, Kursten V.}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={341–348} }
 @article{pierce_rush_2018, title={Pericardiocentesis}, DOI={10.1002/9781119028994.ch185}, abstractNote={Pericardiocentesis can be a live-saving procedure for animals with cardiac tamponade or cardiogenic shock secondary to pericardial effusion. Cardiac tamponade occurs when the intrapericardial pressure exceeds the right atrial or right ventricular pressure in diastole, leading to decreased right heart filling and attendant decreased cardiac output and, with time, signs of right-sided congestive heart failure. Indications, complications, procedural techniques, and monitoring for pericardiocentesis are presented within this chapter.}, journal={Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine}, publisher={John Wiley & Sons, Inc.}, author={Pierce, Kursten V. and Rush, John E.}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={1202–1205} }
 @article{pierce_rush_freeman_cunningham_yang_2017, title={Association between Survival Time and Changes in NT-proBNP in Cats Treated for Congestive Heart Failure}, volume={31}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.14690}, abstractNote={BackgroundReductions in N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) concentrations after treatment have been associated with improved survival in people with congestive heart failure (CHF), but have not been reported in cats with CHF.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Pierce, K.V. and Rush, J.E. and Freeman, L.M. and Cunningham, S.M. and Yang, V.K.}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={678–684} }
 @article{roderick_abelson_nielsen_price_quinn_2016, title={Evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic indicator in cats with acquired heart disease, with and without congestive heart failure}, volume={19}, DOI={10.1177/1098612x16649988}, abstractNote={Objectives Congestive heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathy is a common manifestation of cardiac disease in cats, carrying a variable prognosis. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and survival time in feline patients with acquired heart disease with and without congestive heart failure (CHF). }, number={6}, journal={Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Roderick, Kursten V and Abelson, Amanda L and Nielsen, Lindsey and Price, Lori Lyn and Quinn, Rebecca}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={648–656} }
 @article{rush_roderick_freeman_cunningham_yang_bulmer_antoon_2015, title={Assessment of the responsiveness of the Cats' Assessment Tool for Cardiac Health (CATCH) questionnaire}, volume={17}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2015.03.006}, abstractNote={To evaluate the responsiveness and optimal timing of a validated health-related quality of life questionnaire, and to assess the relationship between quality of life, severity of disease, and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in cats with acute congestive heart failure (CHF).Thirty client-owned cats with acute CHF.Echocardiography, International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council (ISACHC) stage, and NT-proBNP were assessed in cats within 36 h of admission. The Cats' Assessment Tool for Cardiac Health (CATCH) Questionnaire (range of 0-80, with 80 being the worst possible score) was completed by cat owners and ISACHC stage was assessed at the time of hospital discharge, 3 days after discharge, and 7-14 days after discharge. NT-proBNP concentration was reassessed 7-14 days after discharge.The ISACHC stage at time of admission improved significantly by reevaluation 7-14 days after discharge (P < 0.001). The decrease in median NT-proBNP concentration from time of admission (655 pmol/L; range, 188 to >1500 pmol/L) to reevaluation (583 pmol/L; range, 41 to >1500 pmol/L) was not significant (P = 0.59). Median CATCH score was 26 (range, 0-70) at baseline, 19 (range, 0 to 61) at discharge, and 19 (range, 2-49) 7-14 days after discharge (P = 0.89). CATCH scores did not correlate with NT-proBNP concentrations or ISACHC stage.These results suggest that the CATCH questionnaire requires further refinement for uses requiring a responsive instrument in cats with acute CHF.}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Cardiology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rush, John E. and Roderick, Kursten V. and Freeman, Lisa M. and Cunningham, Suzanne M. and Yang, Vicky K. and Bulmer, Barret J. and Antoon, Kristen N.}, year={2015}, pages={S341–S348} }
 @article{buur_diniz_roderick_kukanich_tegzes_2013, title={Pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine after oral and intravenous administration to healthy cats}, volume={74}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.74.2.290}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Buur, Jennifer L. and Diniz, Pedro P. V. P. and Roderick, Kursten V. and KuKanich, Butch and Tegzes, John H.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={290–293} }