@article{kasoji_chang_mullin_chong_rathmell_dayton_2017, title={A Pilot Clinical Study in Characterization of Malignant Renal-cell Carcinoma Subtype with Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1096-0910"]}, DOI={10.1177/0161734616666383}, abstractNote={ Malignant renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a diverse set of diseases, which are independently difficult to characterize using conventional MRI and CT protocols due to low temporal resolution to study perfusion characteristics. Because different disease subtypes have different prognoses and involve varying treatment regimens, the ability to determine RCC subtype non-invasively is a clinical need. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been assessed as a tool to characterize kidney lesions based on qualitative and quantitative assessment of perfusion patterns, and we hypothesize that this technique might help differentiate disease subtypes. Twelve patients with RCC confirmed pathologically were imaged using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Time intensity curves were generated and analyzed quantitatively using 10 characteristic metrics. Results showed that peak intensity ( p = 0.001) and time-to-80% on wash-out ( p = 0.004) provided significant differences between clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe RCC subtypes. These results suggest that CEUS may be a feasible test for characterizing RCC subtypes. }, number={2}, journal={ULTRASONIC IMAGING}, author={Kasoji, Sandeep K. and Chang, Emily H. and Mullin, Lee B. and Chong, Wui K. and Rathmell, W. Kimryn and Dayton, Paul A.}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={126–136} }
 @article{mullin_phillips_dayton_2013, title={Nanoparticle Delivery Enhancement With Acoustically Activated Microbubbles}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1525-8955"]}, DOI={10.1109/tuffc.2013.2538}, abstractNote={The application of microbubbles and ultrasound to deliver nanoparticle carriers for drug and gene delivery is an area that has expanded greatly in recent years. Under ultrasound exposure, microbubbles can enhance nanoparticle delivery by increasing cellular and vascular permeability. In this review, the underlying mechanisms of enhanced nanoparticle delivery with ultrasound and microbubbles and various proposed delivery techniques are discussed. Additionally, types of nanoparticles currently being investigated in preclinical studies, as well as the general limitations and benefits of a microbubble- based approach to nanoparticle delivery, are reviewed.}, number={1}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL}, author={Mullin, Lee B. and Phillips, Linsey C. and Dayton, Paul A.}, year={2013}, month={Jan}, pages={65–77} }
 @article{sheeran_streeter_mullin_matsunaga_dayton_2013, title={TOWARD ULTRASOUND MOLECULAR IMAGING WITH PHASE-CHANGE CONTRAST AGENTS: AN IN VITRO PROOF OF PRINCIPLE}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1879-291X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.11.017}, abstractNote={<h2>Abstract</h2> Phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs), which normally consist of nanoscale or microscale droplets of liquid perfluorocarbons in an encapsulating shell, can be triggered to undergo a phase transition to the highly echogenic gaseous state upon the input of sufficient acoustic energy. As a result of the subsequent volumetric expansion, a number of unique applications have emerged that are not possible with traditional ultrasound microbubble contrast agents. Although many studies have explored the therapeutic aspects of the PCCA platform, few have examined the potential of PCCAs for molecular imaging purposes. In this study, we demonstrate a PCCA-based platform for molecular imaging using α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>-targeted nanoscale PCCAs composed of low-boiling-point perfluorocarbons. <i>In vitro</i>, nanoscale PCCAs adhered to target cells, could be activated and imaged with a clinical ultrasound system and produced a six-fold increase in image contrast compared with non-targeted control PCCAs and a greater than fifty-fold increase over baseline. Data suggest that low-boiling-point nanoscale PCCAs could enable future ultrasound-based molecular imaging techniques in both the vascular and extravascular spaces.}, number={5}, journal={ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY}, author={Sheeran, Paul S. and Streeter, Jason E. and Mullin, Lee B. and Matsunaga, Terry O. and Dayton, Paul A.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={893–902} }