@article{solebello_tschirhart_leiter_2016, title={The paradox of inclusion and exclusion in membership associations}, volume={69}, ISSN={["1741-282X"]}, DOI={10.1177/0018726715590166}, abstractNote={ We use interviews and a focus group with leaders of a sample of nonprofit professional and trade membership associations based in the United States to understand what the leaders recognize to be their membership association’s diversity challenges and initiatives. We identify incentives, identity and power challenges as fundamental influences on the diversity of potential and existing members. Our analysis reveals a paradox in which attempts to increase the association’s inclusiveness are met with countervailing desires to maintain the membership association’s exclusiveness. We find that leaders may attempt to manage the paradox through strategies that legitimize diversity initiatives, change the membership association’s identity to reflect the valuing of diversity, and take advantage of organizational structures to embed diversity-related practices and accountability. These strategies have been discussed in the diversity management literature but without our paradox perspective. Additionally, paradox literature emphasizes the importance of ambidextrous (‘both/and’) approaches to paradox management, but these strategies may reflect an ‘either/or’ approach as leaders push their agenda forward, potentially in direct conflict with the desires of some current members. }, number={2}, journal={HUMAN RELATIONS}, author={Solebello, Nicholas and Tschirhart, Mary and Leiter, Jeffrey}, year={2016}, month={Feb}, pages={439–460} }
 @article{choi_leiter_tomaskovic-devey_2008, title={Contingent Autonomy Technology, Bureaucracy, and Relative Power in the Labor Process}, volume={35}, ISSN={["0730-8884"]}, DOI={10.1177/0730888408326766}, abstractNote={The authors argue that autonomy in the labor process results from the contingent interaction of worker power and organizational practices. Focusing on the “core jobs” (i.e., most central to the production process) in 618 randomly sampled workplaces in Australia, the authors find that the influences of technology and bureaucratization on autonomy are conditioned by the relative power (skill and unionization) of employees. As the relative power of workers increases, both the technical organization of work and bureaucratization are less likely to undermine job autonomy. The findings underline the importance of local power relations for understanding the impact of organizational structures on workers and help resolve deep ambiguities in the literature on autonomy and the labor process.}, number={4}, journal={WORK AND OCCUPATIONS}, author={Choi, Seunghee and Leiter, Jeffrey and Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald}, year={2008}, month={Nov}, pages={422–455} }
 @article{leiter_2007, title={School performance trajectories after the advent of reported maltreatment}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1873-7765"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.childyouth.2006.09.002}, abstractNote={Recent research has concluded that maltreatment is associated with poor school performance but has inadequately investigated the relationship over time. This study used a fixed-effects method to model the trajectories of grade point average and absenteeism for 715 school-age children, who were part of a random sample of children reported as maltreated. Trajectories are characterized by the direction and rate of change and whether the rate is constant, increasing, or decreasing. The analysis demonstrated a worse maltreatment effect on absenteeism than on grades, especially immediately after the first report. For both outcomes, the adverse impact cumulated with time. Child Protective Services’ response after substantiating the report appears to have blunted the impact of maltreatment on grades, though not on absenteeism.}, number={3}, journal={CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW}, author={Leiter, Jeffrey}, year={2007}, month={Mar}, pages={363–382} }
 @article{leiter_2005, title={Grounds for agreement: The political economy of the coffee commodity chain}, volume={34}, ISSN={["0094-3061"]}, DOI={10.1177/009430610503400624}, number={6}, journal={CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF REVIEWS}, author={Leiter, J}, year={2005}, month={Nov}, pages={639–640} }
 @article{leiter_harding_2004, title={Trinidad, Brazil, and Ghana: three melting moments in the history of cocoa}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1016/S0743-0167(03)00034-2}, abstractNote={This paper examines decline in cocoa production at three historical moments: Trinidad in the early 18th century, Brazil in the first half of the 20th century, and Ghana in the recent transition from colonialism to independence. In each, decline followed promising expansion. Conventional explanations have been based on biological, agronomic, and market factors. Following a commodity systems approach, we use the extant literature to focus in addition on labor control dilemmas and the consequences of state action and inaction. Throughout, use of the cocoa commodity system as the unit of analysis exposes important commonalities related to power, constraint, and motivation.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Rural Studies}, author={Leiter, J. and Harding, S.}, year={2004}, pages={113–130} }
 @article{leiter_2001, title={Hiring the black worker: The racial integration of the southern textile industry, 1960-1980}, volume={30}, ISSN={["0094-3061"]}, DOI={10.2307/2655375}, abstractNote={In the 1960s and 1970s, the textile industry's workforce underwent a dramatic transformation, as African Americans entered the South's largest industry in growing numbers. Only 3.3 percent of textile workers were black in 1960; by 1978, this number had risen to 25 percent. Using previously untapped legal records and oral history interviews, Timothy Minchin crafts a compelling account of the integration of the mills. Minchin argues that the role of a labor shortage in spurring black hiring has been overemphasized, pointing instead to the federal government's influence in pressing the textile industry to integrate. He also highlights the critical part played by African American activists. Encouraged by passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, black workers filed antidiscrimination lawsuits against nearly all of the major textile companies. Still, Minchin notes, even after the integration of the mills, African American workers encountered considerable resistance: black women faced continued hiring discrimination, while black men found themselves shunted into low-paying jobs with little hope of promotion. |Based on oral history interviews and never-before-used legal records, this book reveals how African American men and women fought to integrate the South's largest industry.}, number={2}, journal={CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF REVIEWS}, author={Leiter, J}, year={2001}, month={Mar}, pages={124–124} }
 @article{davis_bissler_leiter_2001, title={Leveling the playing field: An orientation to graduate study in sociology}, volume={29}, ISSN={["0092-055X"]}, DOI={10.2307/1318946}, number={4}, journal={TEACHING SOCIOLOGY}, author={Davis, SN and Bissler, DL and Leiter, J}, year={2001}, month={Oct}, pages={454–462} }
 @misc{leiter_1998, title={Like night and day: Unionization in a southern mill town, by D. J. Clark}, volume={27}, number={2}, journal={Contemporary Sociology}, author={Leiter, J.}, year={1998}, pages={182–183} }
 @article{levin_berry_leiter_1998, title={Management of pain in terminally ill patients: Physician reports of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1873-6513"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0885-3924(97)00258-3}, abstractNote={Physician knowledge, attitudes, and reported prescribing behaviors toward pain management in terminally ill patients was surveyed among primary care physicians (PCPs) and oncologists in a southern urban county. Response rates were 64% for PCPs and 100% for oncologists. The effects of knowledge and attitudes on reported behavior were analyzed after accounting for physician demographics, training, and experiences. Oncologists' knowledge and attitudes were close to ideal and behaviors less so. PCPs' knowledge was worse than oncologists, and attitudes and behaviors were even less optimal. Reported behaviors among PCPs correlated somewhat with attitudes, less with background factors, and rarely with knowledge. In multivariate analysis, demographic and experimental factors explained more of selected behaviors than attitudes or knowledge. However, all variables combined left the majority of variation in behaviors unexplained. Physician continuing education will not effect significant behavioral changes in the care of terminally ill patients solely by the traditional approach of attempting to modify knowledge and attitudes.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT}, author={Levin, ML and Berry, JI and Leiter, J}, year={1998}, month={Jan}, pages={27–40} }
 @misc{leiter_1998, title={New views of Southern unionization: Reviews (Like Night and Day by Daniel J. Clark; What Do We Need a Union For? By Timothy J. Minchin)}, volume={27}, DOI={10.2307/2654804}, number={1998}, journal={Contemporary Sociology}, author={Leiter, J.}, year={1998}, pages={182–183} }
 @misc{leiter_1998, title={What do we need a union for? The TWUA in the south, 1945-1955, by T. J. Minchin}, volume={27}, number={2}, journal={Contemporary Sociology}, author={Leiter, J.}, year={1998}, pages={182–183} }
 @article{leiter_johnsen_1997, title={Child maltreatment and school performance declines: An event-history analysis}, volume={34}, ISSN={["0002-8312"]}, DOI={10.3102/00028312034003563}, abstractNote={This article presents a longitudinal analysis of school performance declines among abused and neglected children. The analysis is based on the maltreatment and school histories of a large random sample of maltreated children from one North Carolina county. The analysis finds a significant relationship between maltreatment and declines in a diverse set of school outcomes, including falling grades, increasing absenteeism, worsening elementary school deportment, retention in grade, and involvement in special education programs. Early onset and recent maltreatment each are related to these school performance declines. Differences in the relationships of abuse and neglect to school performance declines and the importance of accumulated maltreatment are unclear.}, number={3}, journal={AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={Leiter, J and Johnsen, MC}, year={1997}, pages={563–589} }
 @book{jeffrey leiter_rhonda zingraff_1991, title={Hanging by a thread social change in southern textiles}, publisher={Ithaca, NY: ILR Press}, author={Jeffrey Leiter, Michael D. Schulman and Rhonda Zingraff, editors}, year={1991} }