@article{knight_royal_robertson_2023, title={Hurdles of Cataract Surgery: Veterinary Ophthalmology Resident's Perspective (Part B)}, volume={3}, ISSN={["1943-7218"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2022-0082}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2022-0082}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to describe veterinary ophthalmology residents' perceived preparedness for performing cataract surgery who are currently enrolled in, or recently graduated from, veterinary academic or private practice institutions. A descriptive survey was distributed online to 127 residents at academic and private practice training programs in the United States. The survey included items about educational resources available for residents and techniques commonly taught during cataract surgery. Residents were asked to describe their perceived preparedness in performing various surgical steps or techniques, difficulty of each surgical step, and the available educational resources. Thirty-five (27.5%) residents completed the survey and were included in this study. Residents who had access to wet labs gained surgical competency in creating a clear corneal incision, capsulorhexis, and wound closure. They reported sculpting with the phacoemulsification handpiece, quadrant or cortical removal, and capsulorhexis as most difficult and were not as prepared or a little prepared in performing capsulorhexis and sculpting during active phacoemulsification. When comparing residents' perceived competency before and after their first surgical experience, there was a significant change in their ability to perform all surgical steps except hydrodissection (p < .05). Cataract surgery is one of the more advanced surgical skills obtained during residency training. Supervised wet lab time improves a resident's preparedness for executing certain surgical steps. However, further research is needed to determine whether educational resources such as structured curriculum or virtual simulation may improve residents' preparedness for executing surgical steps not easily replicated in a wet lab.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION}, author={Knight, LaTisha N. and Royal, Kenneth D. and Robertson, James B.}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
 @article{knight_royal_2023, title={Training Veterinary Ophthalmology Residents on Cataract Surgery (Part A: Diplomate's Survey)}, volume={3}, ISSN={["1943-7218"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2022-0081}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2022-0081}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to explore the teaching methods used to train residents in cataract surgery at academic and private practice institutions. A descriptive survey was distributed online to 186 active supervising diplomates of the American Board of Veterinary Ophthalmologists (ABVO) listserve. The survey included items about various educational resources and techniques available to ophthalmology residents when performing cataract surgery. Thirty-seven (19.9%) supervising diplomates completed the survey. Most supervising diplomates (29, 78.4%) required supervised practice in the wet lab. Fourteen supervising diplomates (37.8%) provided mandatory cataract surgery lectures. Nine diplomates (24.3%) required their residents to attend a formal phacoemulsification wet lab course. There was no difference in the number of diplomates who allowed their residents to perform cataract surgery as the primary surgeon during their second year compared to any other year. Thirty-three surveyed diplomates supported the idea of creating an assessment tool to improve surgical competency. This article describes the current trends in veterinary ophthalmology residency education and provides support for the creation of an assessment tool to improve surgical competency. The goal is to stimulate future research on how educators can effectively train veterinary ophthalmology residents to improve surgical proficiency.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION}, author={Knight, LaTisha N. and Royal, Kenneth}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
 @article{knight_ben-shlomo_2020, title={Electrolyte composition of tears in normal dogs and its comparison to serum and plasma}, volume={201}, ISSN={["1096-0007"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.exer.2020.108265}, abstractNote={The dog is an important animal model for tear dysfunction diseases, however to-date the electrolyte composition of the dog's tears is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the electrolyte content of canine tears and compare it to serum and plasma. Tear samples were collected from 18 eyes of 9 dogs. Blood for serum was collected in tubes with no anticoagulants; plasma was obtained by using two different anticoagulants: Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose (CPD) and heparin. The electrolytes were measured in all samples, analyzed, and compared. Most of the electrolyte values in tears were statistically different (P < 0.05) from electrolyte values in serum and plasma. Potassium and chloride values were significantly higher in tears compared to serum and plasma, while calcium and phosphate values were significantly lower. Sodium values in tears were higher than in serum and heparinized-plasma, but lower than CPD-plasma. Bicarbonate values were lower in tears compared to serum and heparinized plasma, but was not statistically different than CPD-plasma. While magnesium values were lower in tears compared to serum and heparinized-plasma, the difference was not statistically different. Herein, we report for the first time the electrolyte composition of the canine tears and its comparison to serum and plasma.}, journal={EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH}, author={Knight, LaTisha N. and Ben-Shlomo, Gil}, year={2020}, month={Dec} }