@article{skolrood_wang_zhang_wei_2022, title={Single-molecule and particle detection on true portable microscopy platforms}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2666-0539"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.snr.2021.100063}, abstractNote={Point-of-care technologies (POCT) that enable early disease detection and therapeutic monitoring are crucial for the next generation of diagnostics and personalized medicine. Meanwhile, there is a global need for low-cost POCT that makes advanced diagnostic tools accessible to resource-limited settings. Recently, several mobile imaging platforms for single-molecule and particle detection have been developed, which greatly improve the detection sensitivity of molecular assays. This review highlights emerging technologies that achieve single-molecule and particle optical detection on true portable platforms. Miniature, high-sensitivity imaging devices based on smartphones, single-board computers (i.e., Raspberry Pi systems), lab-on-a-chip systems, and 3D-printed microscopy platforms are discussed.}, journal={SENSORS AND ACTUATORS REPORTS}, author={Skolrood, Lydia and Wang, Yan and Zhang, Shengwei and Wei, Qingshan}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{fisher_warmack_yu_skolrood_li_joshi_saito_aytug_2021, title={All-aerosol-jet-printed highly sensitive and selective polyaniline-based ammonia sensors: a route toward low-cost, low-power gas detection}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1573-4803"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10853-021-06080-0}, abstractNote={We report the design and scalable fabrication of a low-cost and low-power polyaniline-based (PANI) ammonia (NH3) gas sensor on polyimide (PI) substrates using additive manufacturing techniques. The silver interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays and conducting polymer films are printed onto PI using a direct-write technology of aerosol-jet printing. Morphological characteristics are examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis which reveal homogeneously printed PANI film on the IDE platform. The gas sensing performance is evaluated in the analytical early leak detection range of 5–1000 ppm NH3 in air as a function of both thermal (23 °C, 50 °C, 80 °C) and relative humidity (RH = 0%, 30%, 50%) exposures. The sensor exhibits sensitivity down to 5 ppm NH3 with a sub-ppm detection limit and good repeatability. We observe rapid NH3 detection at 0% RH with very extended times for equilibration and recovery. However, at both 30 and 50% RH, the room temperature response and recovery times are reduced to only about 1 min and 5 min, respectively. Experiments also reveal good sensitivity toward the analyte even at higher operating temperatures. Present results merit the practical application of aerosol-jet-printed, low-power sensors for industrial applications where low-level hazardous gas detection is essential.}, number={22}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE}, author={Fisher, Christine and Warmack, Bruce J. and Yu, Yongchao and Skolrood, Lydia N. and Li, Kai and Joshi, Pooran C. and Saito, Tomonori and Aytug, Tolga}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={12596–12606} }