@article{zhang_xu_liu_zhang_odle_lin_zhu_wang_liu_2019, title={EPA and DHA Inhibit Myogenesis and Downregulate the Expression of Muscle-related Genes in C2C12 Myoblasts}, volume={10}, ISSN={2073-4425}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10010064}, DOI={10.3390/genes10010064}, abstractNote={This study was conducted to elucidate the biological effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cell proliferation, differentiation and gene expression in C2C12 myoblasts. C2C12 were treated with various concentrations of EPA or DHA under proliferation and differentiation conditions. Cell viability was analyzed using cell counting kit-8 assays (CCK-8). The Edu assays were performed to analyze cell proliferation. To analyze cell differentiation, the expressions of myogenic marker genes were determined at the transcriptional and translational levels by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Global gene expression patterns were characterized using RNA-sequencing. Phosphorylation levels of ERK and Akt were examined by immunoblotting. Cell viability and proliferation was significantly inhibited after incubation with EPA (50 and 100 μM) or DHA (100 μM). Both EPA and DHA suppressed C2C12 myoblasts differentiation. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that some muscle-related genes were significantly downregulated following EPA or DHA (50 μM) treatment, including insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), troponin T3 (Tnnt3), myoglobin (Mb), myosin light chain phosphorylatable fast skeletal muscle (Mylpf) and myosin heavy polypeptide 3 (Myh3). IGF-2 was crucial for the growth and differentiation of skeletal muscle and could activate the PI3K/Akt and the MAPK/ERK cascade. We found that EPA and DHA (50 μM) decreased the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt in C2C12 myoblasts. Thus, this study suggested that EPA and DHA exerted an inhibitory effect on myoblast proliferation and differentiation and downregulated muscle-related genes expression.}, number={1}, journal={Genes}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Zhang, Jing and Xu, Xin and Liu, Yan and Zhang, Lin and Odle, Jack and Lin, Xi and Zhu, Huiling and Wang, Xiuying and Liu, Yulan}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={64} }
 @article{qiu_jiang_guo_zhang_burkey_zobel_reberg-horton_shew_hui_2019, title={Shifts in the Composition and Activities of Denitrifiers Dominate CO2 Stimulation of N2O Emissions}, volume={53}, ISSN={["1520-5851"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.est.9b02983}, number={19}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}, author={Qiu, Yunpeng and Jiang, Yu and Guo, Lijin and Zhang, Lin and Burkey, Kent O. and Zobel, Richard W. and Reberg-Horton, S. Chris and Shew, H. David and Hui, Shuijin}, year={2019}, month={Oct}, pages={11204–11213} }
 @article{kajikawa_nordone_zhang_stoeker_lavoy_klaenhammer_dean_2011, title={Dissimilar Properties of Two Recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus Strains Displaying Salmonella FliC with Different Anchoring Motifs}, volume={77}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.05153-11}, number={18}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Kajikawa, Akinobu and Nordone, Shila K. and Zhang, Lin and Stoeker, Laura L. and LaVoy, Alora S. and Klaenhammer, Todd R. and Dean, Gregg A.}, year={2011}, month={Sep}, pages={6587–6596} }
 @article{mikkelsen_long_zhang_galemore_vandewoude_dean_2011, title={Partial Regulatory T Cell Depletion Prior to Acute Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Does Not Alter Disease Pathogenesis}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0017183}, number={2}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Mikkelsen, S. Rochelle and Long, Julie M. and Zhang, Lin and Galemore, Erin R. and VandeWoude, Sue and Dean, Gregg A.}, year={2011}, month={Feb} }
 @article{ho_zhang_wei_seah_2009, title={Mycobacterium chelonae sensitisation induces CD4(+)-mediated cytotoxicity against BCG}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1521-4141"]}, DOI={10.1002/eji.200838933}, number={7}, journal={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY}, author={Ho, Peiying and Zhang, Lin and Wei, Xing and Seah, Geok Teng}, year={2009}, month={Jul}, pages={1841–1849} }