@article{dong_zhu_yin_lei_gundogdu_so_2023, title={High-Efficiency Linearly Polarized Organic Light-Emitting Diodes}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2330-4022"]}, DOI={10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00812}, abstractNote={Thin-film light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with linearly polarized emission enable advanced photonic applications. Here, we demonstrate a linearly polarized light emission organic LED by utilizing the intrinsic polarization nature of the transverse electric (TE) waveguide mode present in the device and extracting it using a linear grating. With a device having 67.6% of the light trapped in the TE waveguide mode, we demonstrated a linearly polarized organic LED with a high current efficiency (CE) of 136 cd/A and a large polarization ratio above 30. Our analysis indicates that the CE can further be increased at least by 2-fold to 280 cd/A. Our device architecture can easily be adopted for other thin-film LED platforms for photonic applications.}, number={9}, journal={ACS PHOTONICS}, author={Dong, Qi and Zhu, Liping and Yin, Shichen and Lei, Lei and Gundogdu, Kenan and So, Franky}, year={2023}, month={Sep}, pages={3342–3349} }
 @article{yin_ho_ding_fu_zhu_gullett_dong_so_2022, title={Enhanced Surface Passivation of Lead Sulfide Quantum Dots for Short-Wavelength Photodetectors}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1520-5002"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00293}, abstractNote={Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots are promising solution-processed materials for short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors due to their tunable band gap and solution processability. Phase-transfer ligand exchange is a common method to prepare quantum dot (QD) inks used in device fabrication. For large-sized PbS QDs used for SWIR detection, the conventional phase-transfer ligand exchange has been problematic due to the densely packed organic ligands and charge-neutral (100) facets. Here, we report a new strategy to carry out the efficient phase-transfer ligand exchange in large-sized QDs. Specifically, using lead acetate trihydrate (PbAc2·3H2O) as a precursor and methylammonium acetate (MAAc) as an additive in the ligand solution, we can facilitate the efficient phase-transfer ligand exchange and epitaxial growth of perovskite intermediate (MAPbI3–xAcx) on the (100) facets, resulting in a significant improvement in film quality suitable for device fabrication. The resulting photodiodes show a 2.5× enhancement in external quantum efficiency (EQE) compared to devices using QD inks obtained using the conventional method. Considering the low transmittance of the ITO electrode in the SWIR regime, our devices exhibit an internal quantum efficiency of over 90%.}, number={12}, journal={CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS}, author={Yin, Shichen and Ho, Carr Hoi Yi and Ding, Shuo and Fu, Xiangyu and Zhu, Liping and Gullett, Julian and Dong, Chen and So, Franky}, year={2022}, month={Jun}, pages={5433–5442} }
 @article{fu_mehta_chen_lei_zhu_barange_dong_yin_mendes_he_et al._2021, title={Directional Polarized Light Emission from Thin‐Film Light‐Emitting Diodes}, volume={33}, ISSN={0935-9648 1521-4095}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202006801}, DOI={10.1002/adma.202006801}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={9}, journal={Advanced Materials}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Fu, Xiangyu and Mehta, Yash and Chen, Yi‐An and Lei, Lei and Zhu, Liping and Barange, Nilesh and Dong, Qi and Yin, Shichen and Mendes, Juliana and He, Siliang and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={2006801} }
 @article{fu_yin_chen_zhu_dong_chang_so_2021, title={Light extraction in tandem organic light emitting diodes}, volume={119}, ISSN={["1077-3118"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0057325}, DOI={10.1063/5.0057325}, abstractNote={Since the invention of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), great research efforts have been dedicated to improving their efficiency and lifetime. For high-brightness applications, tandem OLED structures have advantages because of the lower current densities required to achieve high brightness. With the successful development of highly efficient charge generation layers, high brightness tandem OLEDs are used in displays and lighting. However, the major challenge for tandem OLEDs is the low light extraction efficiency, because about 50% of the light is trapped inside the device as waveguide modes. In this Perspective, we first review the recent works done on light extraction, analyze different waveguide mode extraction structures, and then identify the key factors determining the extraction efficiencies in tandem OLEDs.}, number={6}, journal={APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS}, author={Fu, Xiangyu and Yin, Shichen and Chen, Yi-An and Zhu, Liping and Dong, Qi and Chang, Chih-Hao and So, Franky}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @article{lei_seyitliyev_stuard_mendes_dong_fu_chen_he_yi_zhu_et al._2020, title={Efficient Energy Funneling in Quasi-2D Perovskites: From Light Emission to Lasing}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1521-4095"]}, DOI={10.1002/adma.201906571}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={16}, journal={ADVANCED MATERIALS}, author={Lei, Lei and Seyitliyev, Dovletgeldi and Stuard, Samuel and Mendes, Juliana and Dong, Qi and Fu, Xiangyu and Chen, Yi-An and He, Siliang and Yi, Xueping and Zhu, Liping and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{fu_chen_shin_mehta_chen_barange_zhu_amoah_chang_so_2020, title={Recovering cavity effects in corrugated organic light emitting diodes}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1094-4087"]}, DOI={10.1364/OE.404412}, abstractNote={Cavity effects play an important role in determining the out-coupling efficiency of an OLED. By fabricating OLEDs on corrugated substrates, the waveguide and SPP modes can be extracted by diffraction. However, corrugation does not always lead to an enhancement in out-coupling efficiency due to the reduction of the electrode reflectance and hence the cavity effects. Based on the results of our rigorous couple-wave analysis (RCWA) simulation, we found that the cavity effects can be partially recovered using a low index Teflon layer inserted between the ITO anode and the substrate due to the enhancement of the reflectance of the corrugated electrodes. To verify the simulation results, we fabricated corrugated OLEDs having a low-index Teflon interlayer with an EQE of 36%, which is 29% higher than an optimized planar OLED. By experimentally measuring the OLED air mode dispersion, we confirm the cavity emission of a corrugated OLED is enhanced by the low index layer.}, number={21}, journal={OPTICS EXPRESS}, author={Fu, Xiangyu and Chen, Yi-An and Shin, Dong-Hun and Mehta, Yash and Chen, I-Te and Barange, Nilesh and Zhu, Liping and Amoah, Stephen and Chang, Chih-Hao and So, Franky}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={32214–32225} }
 @article{dong_mendes_lei_seyitliyev_zhu_he_gundogdu_so_2020, title={Understanding the Role of Ion Migration in the Operation of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes by Transient Measurements}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1944-8252"]}, DOI={10.1021/acsami.0c14269}, abstractNote={Perovskite light-emitting diodes have been gaining attention in recent years due to their high efficiencies. Despite of the recent progress made in device efficiency, the operation mechanisms of these devices are still not well understood, especially the effects of ion migration. In this work, the role of ion migration is investigated by measuring the transient electroluminescence and current responses, with both the current and efficiency showing a slow response in a time scale of tens of milliseconds. The results of the charge injection dynamics show that the slow response of the current is attributed to the migration and accumulation of halide ions at the anode interface, facilitating hole injection and leading to a strong charge imbalance. Further, the results of the charge recombination dynamics show that the slow response of the efficiency is attributed to enhanced charge injection facilitated by ion migration, which leads to an increased carrier density favoring bimolecular radiative recombination. Through a combined analysis of both charge injection and recombination dynamics, we finally present a comprehensive picture of the role of ion migration in device operation.}, number={43}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Dong, Qi and Mendes, Juliana and Lei, Lei and Seyitliyev, Dovletgeldi and Zhu, Liping and He, Siliang and Gundogdu, Kenan and So, Franky}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={48845–48853} }
 @article{salehi_dong_shin_zhu_papa_thy bui_castellano_so_2019, title={Realization of high-efficiency fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes with low driving voltage}, volume={10}, ISSN={2041-1723}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10260-7}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-019-10260-7}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Nature Communications}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Salehi, Amin and Dong, Chen and Shin, Dong-Hun and Zhu, Liping and Papa, Christopher and Thy Bui, Anh and Castellano, Felix N. and So, Franky}, year={2019}, month={May} }
 @article{zhang_li_zhu_liu_song_li_sun_fang_2017, title={A PTB7-based narrow band-gap conjugated polyelectrolyte as an efficient cathode interlayer in PTB7-based polymer solar cells}, volume={53}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CC09274H}, DOI={10.1039/C6CC09274H}, abstractNote={Polymer solar cells with a cationic PTB7 derivative as a cathode interlayer and neutral PTB7 derivatives as donor polymers were fabricated, and a high PCE of 9.24% was obtained.}, journal={Chem. Commun.}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Zhang, Wenjun and Li, Yaru and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Xiaohui and Song, Changjian and Li, Xiaodong and Sun, Xiaohua and Fang, Junfeng}, year={2017}, pages={2005–2008} }
 @article{liu_zhu_gong_zhong_xie_mao_fang_ma_yang_2017, title={A Red Fluorescent Emitter with a Simultaneous Hybrid Local and Charge Transfer Excited State and Aggregation-Induced Emission for High-Efficiency, Low Efficiency Roll-Off OLEDs}, volume={5}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adom.201700145}, DOI={10.1002/adom.201700145}, abstractNote={Most red/deep‐red fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) suffer from a low exciton utilization efficiency (ηγ) and a drastic efficiency roll‐off at high brightness. This work reports a new red fluorescent emitter with a D–π–A–π–D architecture, namely, 4,9‐bis(4‐(9,9‐dimethylacridin‐10(9H)‐yl)phenyl)naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (NZ2AC). The new emitter shows a hybrid local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state, which can utilize the triplet excitons by the reverse intersystem cross process via the high‐lying triplet channel. A red OLED with an emission peak at 612 nm achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.2% at a doping concentration of 8 wt% NZ2AC in a 4,4′‐bis(9‐carbazolyl)‐2,2′‐biphenyl host. Moreover, the new emitter reveals a typical aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) property, and consequently, the nondoped OLEDs exhibit a deep‐red emission at 663 nm with a maximum EQE of 2.8%, corresponding to a maximum exciton utilization ratio of 93%. Attributed to the simultaneous HLCT and AIE features, both the doped and nondoped devices exhibit low efficiency roll‐off at high brightness, with their EQEs remaining at high values of 3.0% and 2.3% at the high luminance of 5000 cd m−2, respectively, which are among the highest efficiencies at such high luminance for red/deep‐red OLEDs.}, note={1700145}, number={13}, journal={Advanced Optical Materials}, author={Liu, Tengxiao and Zhu, Liping and Gong, Shaolong and Zhong, Cheng and Xie, Guohua and Mao, Erqian and Fang, Junfeng and Ma, Dongge and Yang, Chuluo}, year={2017}, pages={1700145-n/a} }
 @article{zhu_song_li_wang_zhang_sun_zhang_fang_2017, title={A benzobis(thiadiazole)-based small molecule as a solution-processing electron extraction material in planar perovskite solar cells}, volume={5}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TC03368K}, DOI={10.1039/C7TC03368K}, abstractNote={A novel small-molecule, B2F, based on benzobis(thiadiazole) was synthesized as an efficient electron extraction material for perovskite solar cells.}, number={41}, journal={Journal of Materials Chemistry C}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Zhu, Liping and Song, Changjian and Li, Xiaodong and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Zhang, Wenxiao and Sun, Xiaohua and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, year={2017}, pages={10777–10784} }
 @article{zhu_li_song_liu_wang_zhang_fang_2017, title={Cathode modification in planar hetero-junction perovskite solar cells through a small-molecule zwitterionic carboxylate}, volume={48}, url={http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156611991730263X}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.06.006}, abstractNote={A new carboxylate functionalized small molecule non-conjugated zwitterion, HDAC was proposed for its feasible one-step synthetic procedure. It can be used as an efficient interlayer to improve the fullerene/cathode interface of inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. A HDAC modified device could increase the power conversion efficiency from 15% to 17%. The main increase of the performance parameter lies on the increase of fill factor from around 72% to 80%, which could be attributed to the formation of interface dipole and elimination of potential barrier at the interface of electron transporting layer and cathode. This work brings up a simple design principle for efficient interfacial materials in perovskite solar cells.}, journal={Organic Electronics}, author={Zhu, Liping and Li, Xiaodong and Song, Changjian and Liu, Xiaohui and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, year={2017}, pages={204–210} }
 @article{liu_zhu_zhong_xie_gong_fang_ma_yang_2017, title={Naphthothiadiazole-Based Near-Infrared Emitter with a Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of 60% in Neat Film and External Quantum Efficiencies of up to 3.9% in Nondoped OLEDs}, volume={27}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201606384}, DOI={10.1002/adfm.201606384}, abstractNote={Fluorescent emitters have regained intensive attention in organic light emitting diode (OLED) community owing to the breakthrough of the device efficiency and/or new emitting mechanism. This provides a good chance to develop new near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent emitter and high‐efficiency device. In this work, a D‐π‐A‐π‐D type compound with naphthothiadiazole as acceptor, namely, 4,4′‐(naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐4,9‐diyl)bis(N,N‐diphenylaniline) (NZ2TPA), is designed and synthesized. The photophysical study and density functional theory analysis reveal that the emission of the compound has obvious hybridized local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) state feature. In addition, the compound shows aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic. Attributed to its HLCT mechanism and AIE characteristic, NZ2TPA acquires an unprecedentedly high photoluminescent quantum yield of 60% in the neat film, which is the highest among the reported organic small‐molecule NIR emitters and even exceeds most phosphorescent NIR materials. The nondoped devices based on NZ2TPA exhibit excellent performance, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.9% with the emission peak at 696 nm and a high luminance of 6330 cd m−2, which are among the highest in the reported nondoped NIR fluorescent OLEDs. Moreover, the device remains a high EQE of 2.8% at high brightness of 1000 cd m−2, with very low efficiency roll‐off.}, note={1606384}, number={12}, journal={Advanced Functional Materials}, author={Liu, Tengxiao and Zhu, Liping and Zhong, Cheng and Xie, Guohua and Gong, Shaolong and Fang, Junfeng and Ma, Dongge and Yang, Chuluo}, year={2017}, pages={1606384-n/a} }
 @article{wu_luo_sun_zhu_sun_yu_yang_qiao_chen_yang_et al._2016, title={High-Performance Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Superior Efficiency/Color Rendering Index/Color Stability and Low Efficiency Roll-Off Based on a Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitter}, volume={26}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201505602}, DOI={10.1002/adfm.201505602}, abstractNote={Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)‐based white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are highly attractive because the TADF emitters provide a promising alternative route to harvest triplet excitons. One of the major challenges is to achieve superior efficiency/color rendering index/color stability and low efficiency roll‐off simultaneously. In this paper, high‐performance hybrid WOLEDs are demonstrated by employing an efficient blue TADF emitter combined with red and green phosphorescent emitters. The resulting WOLED shows the maximum external quantum efficiency, current efficiency, and power efficiency of 23.0%, 51.0 cd A−1, and 51.7 lm W−1, respectively. Moreover, the device exhibits extremely stable electroluminescence spectra with a high color rendering index of 89 and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.438, 0.438) at the practical brightness of 1000 cd m−2. The achievement of these excellent performances is systematically investigated by versatile experimental and theoretical evidences, from which it is concluded that the utilization of a blue‐green‐red cascade energy transfer structure and the precise manipulation of charges and excitons are the key points. It can be anticipated that this work might be a starting point for further research towards high‐performance hybrid WOLEDs.}, number={19}, journal={Advanced Functional Materials}, author={Wu, Zhongbin and Luo, Jiajia and Sun, Ning and Zhu, Liping and Sun, Hengda and Yu, Ling and Yang, Dezhi and Qiao, Xianfeng and Chen, Jiangshan and Yang, Chuluo and et al.}, year={2016}, pages={3306–3313} }
 @article{liu_li_li_song_zhu_zhang_wang_fang_2016, title={High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells with PCE of 10.42% via Al-Doped ZnO Cathode Interlayer}, volume={28}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201601814}, DOI={10.1002/adma.201601814}, abstractNote={High-performance polymer solar cells incorporating a low-temperature-processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) cathode interlayer are constructed with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.42% based on PTB7-Th:PC71 BM blends (insensitive to the AZO thickness). Moreover, flexible devices on poly(ethylene terephthalate)/indium tin oxide substrates with PCE of 8.93% are also obtained, and welldistributed efficiency and good device stability are demonstrated as well.}, number={34}, journal={Advanced Materials}, author={Liu, Xiaohui and Li, Xiaodong and Li, Yaru and Song, Changjian and Zhu, Liping and Zhang, Wenjun and Wang, Hai-Qiao and Fang, Junfeng}, year={2016}, pages={7405–7412} }
 @article{li_li_liu_zhu_zhang_fang_2016, title={Realizing High Performance Inverted Organic Solar Cells via a Nonconjugated Electrolyte Cathode Interlayer}, volume={120}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10558}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10558}, abstractNote={Organic electrolyte interlayer has been widely used in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, previous reports mainly focused on conventional OSCs despite with poor stability. In more stable inverted OSCs, the application of organic electrolyte interlayer is rarely reported and the device efficiency is low. Here, a simple nonconjugated small molecule electrolyte (SME), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium (EDTA-4Na), is successfully introduced into inverted OSCs as a cathode interlayer, leading to a high efficiency of 9.69%. Besides efficiency, the device stability is also improved and almost 85% of the efficiency can be maintained even after storage of 46 days. More importantly, EDTA-4Na tremendously alleviates the hysteresis phenomenon happening in organic optoelectronic devices based on ionized interlayer. As a result, stabilized power output of ∼9.5% is obtained in OSCs with EDTA-4Na. These inspiring results prove that electrolytes with simple structure can also achieve excellent performance an...}, number={46}, journal={The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, author={Li, Yaru and Li, Xiaodong and Liu, Xiaohui and Zhu, Liping and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, year={2016}, pages={26244–26248} }
 @article{gu_zhu_li_yu_wu_chen_huang_wang_gong_ma_et al._2015, title={Adamantane-Based Wide-Bandgap Host Material: Blue Electrophosphorescence with High Efficiency and Very High Brightness}, volume={21}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201500517}, DOI={10.1002/chem.201500517}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={22}, journal={Chemistry – A European Journal}, publisher={WILEY-VCH Verlag}, author={Gu, Yu and Zhu, Liping and Li, Yifan and Yu, Ling and Wu, Kailong and Chen, Tianheng and Huang, Manli and Wang, Feng and Gong, Shaolong and Ma, Dongge and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={8250–8256} }
 @article{wang_pan_zhu_wang_wang_liu_jin_chen_ma_2015, title={Construction of thermally stable 3,6-disubstituted spiro-fluorene derivatives as host materials for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes}, volume={114}, url={http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143720814004434}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.11.011}, abstractNote={Four novel thermally stable host materials, 9,9'-(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluorene-3,6-diyl)bis(9H-carbazole) (BBDC), 3-(3,6-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)-9,9-diphenylfluorene (BBDP), 3,6-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-9,9'-spirobi[fluorene] (BSBDC), 3,6-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-9,9'-spirobi[fluorene] (BSBDP) were designed and synthesized by linking phosphine oxide or carbazole moieties to the 3,6-position of a spirofluorene core. In comparison to the conventional 2,7-disubstituted homologues, 3,6-disubstituted spiro-fluorene can offer more versatile and advanced properties in terms of higher triplet energy (>2.8 eV) and higher glass-transition temperatures (ca. 215 °C). Accordingly, doped blue-emitting devices were fabricated and the device with BSBDP as host exhibited a very low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V and maximum current efficiency of 34.2 cd A−1, external quantum efficiency of 18.7% and power efficiency of 34.4 lm W−1. These results demonstrate that 3,6-disubstituted spiro-fluorene derivatives are promising host materials for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (PhOLEDs).}, journal={Dyes and Pigments}, author={Wang, Lei and Pan, Biao and Zhu, Liping and Wang, Bo and Wang, Yixing and Liu, Yakun and Jin, Jiangjiang and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2015}, pages={222–230} }
 @article{zhu_chen_ma_2015, title={Dopant effects on charge transport to enhance performance of phosphorescent white organic light emitting diodes}, volume={118}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4935162}, DOI={10.1063/1.4935162}, abstractNote={We compared the performance of phosphorescent white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with red-blue-green and green-blue-red sequent emissive layers. It was found that the influence of red and green dopants on electron and hole transport in emissive layers leads to the large difference in the efficiency of fabricated WOLEDs. This improvement mechanism is well investigated by the current density-voltage characteristics of single-carrier devices based on dopant doped emissive layers and the comparison of electroluminescent and photoluminescence spectra, and attributed to the different change of charge carrier transport by the dopants. The optimized device achieves a maximum power efficiency, current efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 37.0 lm/W, 38.7 cd/A, and 17.7%, respectively, which are only reduced to 32.8 lm/W, 38.5 cd/A, and 17.3% at 1000 cd/m2 luminance. The critical current density is as high as 210 mA/cm2. It can be seen that the efficiency roll-off in phosphorescent WOLEDs can be well improved by effectively designing the structure of emissive layers.}, number={17}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, author={Zhu, Liping and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2015}, pages={175503} }
 @article{kan_zhu_wei_ma_sun_wu_huang_xu_2015, title={Phosphine oxide-jointed electron transporters for the reduction of interfacial quenching in highly efficient blue PHOLEDs}, volume={3}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TC00643K}, DOI={10.1039/C5TC00643K}, abstractNote={Highly efficient electron-transporting benzimidazole derivatives of xPBIPO with phosphine oxide joints were constructed to investigate the determinants for efficiency reduction.}, journal={J. Mater. Chem. C}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Kan, Wenjing and Zhu, Liping and Wei, Ying and Ma, Dongge and Sun, Mingzhi and Wu, Zhongbin and Huang, Wei and Xu, Hui}, year={2015}, pages={5430–5439} }
 @article{sun_chen_zhu_guo_yang_chen_ma_2015, title={Realization of Optimal Interconnector for Tandem Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Record Efficiency}, volume={1}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500176}, DOI={10.1002/aelm.201500176}, abstractNote={Dr. H. Sun, Dr. L. P. Zhu, Dr. Q. X. Guo, Dr. D. Z. Yang, Prof. J. S. Chen, Prof. D. G. Ma State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 , P. R. China E-mail: mdg1014@ciac.ac.cn Dr. Y. H. Chen Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon) Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , OH 44106 , USA}, note={1500176}, number={11}, journal={Advanced Electronic Materials}, author={Sun, Hengda and Chen, Yonghua and Zhu, Liping and Guo, Qingxun and Yang, Dezhi and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2015}, pages={1500176-n/a} }
 @article{zhu_wu_chen_ma_2015, title={Reduced efficiency roll-off in all-phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes with an external quantum efficiency of over 20%}, volume={3}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TC00205B}, DOI={10.1039/C5TC00205B}, abstractNote={A rational design of the emission layers to achieve a high efficiency WOLED with reduced roll-off.}, journal={J. Mater. Chem. C}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Zhu, Liping and Wu, Zhongbin and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2015}, pages={3304–3310} }
 @article{sun_zhu_kan_wei_ma_fan_huang_xu_2015, title={Ternary donor-acceptor phosphine oxide hosts with peculiar high energy gap for efficient blue electroluminescence}, volume={3}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TC02029H}, DOI={10.1039/C5TC02029H}, abstractNote={A triangle-shaped D–A–A molecule PCImbPO with unusually high triplet energy of 3.0 eV, enhanced D–A electronic coupling and separated FMO and triplet locations is described.}, journal={J. Mater. Chem. C}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Sun, Mingzhi and Zhu, Liping and Kan, Wenjing and Wei, Ying and Ma, Dongge and Fan, Xuefeng and Huang, Wei and Xu, Hui}, year={2015}, pages={9469–9478} }
 @article{jia_zhu_wei_wu_xu_ding_chen_ma_huang_2015, title={Triazine-phosphine oxide electron transporter for ultralow-voltage-driven sky blue PHOLEDs}, volume={3}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4TC02993C}, DOI={10.1039/C4TC02993C}, abstractNote={Triazine and triphenylphosphine oxide hybrids xTPOTZ were constructed as electron-transporting materials with triplet energy beyond 2.95 eV and high electron mobility for highly efficient blue phosphorescent light-emitting diodes.}, journal={J. Mater. Chem. C}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Jia, Jilin and Zhu, Liping and Wei, Ying and Wu, Zhongbin and Xu, Hui and Ding, Dongxue and Chen, Runfeng and Ma, Dongge and Huang, Wei}, year={2015}, pages={4890–4902} }
 @article{han_zhu_li_zhao_zhang_xu_deng_ma_yan_2014, title={Highly Efficient Multifluorenyl Host Materials with Unsymmetrical Molecular Configurations and Localized Triplet States for Green and Red Phosphorescent Devices}, volume={26}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201400710}, DOI={10.1002/adma.201400710}, abstractNote={Highly efficient green and red electro-phosphorescence is achieved in devices with the host material DPESPODEF3. The multiple fluorenyl moieties of the host material are arranged such that it has an unsymmetrical molecular configuration, and its triplet-state location is tuned such that it has independent energy (ET) and charge transfer (CT) channels. As a result, DPESPODEF3 can suppress triplet-triplet annihilation and triplet-polaron quenching. In the resulting green and red phosphorescent devices, impressive external quantum efficiencies of ca. 20% and 16% and power efficiencies of ca. 75 and 20 lm W(-1) , respectively, are observed.}, number={41}, journal={Advanced Materials}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhu, Liping and Li, Jing and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Xu, Hui and Deng, Zhaopeng and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, year={2014}, pages={7070–7077} }
 @article{han_zhu_zhao_zhang_wang_deng_xu_li_ma_yan_2014, title={Suppressing triplet state extension for highly efficient ambipolar phosphine oxide host materials in blue PHOLEDs}, volume={50}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3CC49020C}, DOI={10.1039/C3CC49020C}, abstractNote={A series of aryl phosphine oxide hosts named DPExPOPhCzn were constructed to rationally investigate the significant correlation between T1 excited state locations and EL performance of their PHOLEDs.}, journal={Chem. Commun.}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhu, Liping and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Wang, Jianzhe and Deng, Zhaopeng and Xu, Hui and Li, Jing and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, year={2014}, pages={2670–2672} }
 @article{fan_zhu_liu_jiang_ma_qin_yang_2014, title={Using an Organic Molecule with Low Triplet Energy as a Host in a Highly Efficient Blue Electrophosphorescent Device}, volume={53}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201308046}, DOI={10.1002/anie.201308046}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={Angewandte Chemie International Edition}, publisher={WILEY-VCH Verlag}, author={Fan, Cong and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Tengxiao and Jiang, Bei and Ma, Dongge and Qin, Jingui and Yang, Chuluo}, year={2014}, pages={2147–2151} }
 @article{zhu_zhao_zhang_chen_ma_2014, title={Using an ultra-thin non-doped orange emission layer to realize high efficiency white organic light-emitting diodes with low efficiency roll-off}, volume={115}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4886179}, DOI={10.1063/1.4886179}, abstractNote={By adopting an ultra-thin non-doped orange emission layer sandwiched between two blue emission layers, high efficiency white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with reduced efficiency roll-off were fabricated. The optimized devices show a balanced white emission with Internationale de L'Eclairage of (0.41, 0.44) at the luminance of 1000 cd/m2, and the maximum power efficiency, current efficiency (CE), and external quantum efficiency reach 63.2 lm/W, 59.3 cd/A, and 23.1%, which slightly shift to 53.4 lm/W, 57.1 cd/A, and 22.2% at 1000 cd/m2, respectively, showing low efficiency roll-off. Detailed investigations on the recombination zone and the transient electroluminescence (EL) clearly reveal the EL processes of the ultra-thin non-doped orange emission layer in WOLEDs.}, number={24}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, author={Zhu, Liping and Zhao, Yongbiao and Zhang, Hongmei and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2014}, pages={244512} }
 @article{han_zhao_zhang_zhu_xu_li_ma_yan_2013, title={Constructing Low-Triplet-Energy Hosts for Highly Efficient Blue PHOLEDs: Controlling Charge and Exciton Capture in Doping Systems}, volume={25}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm403160p}, DOI={10.1021/cm403160p}, abstractNote={With the aim to rationally figure out the significance of charge and exciton capture in the electrophosphorescent processes in low-triplet-energy hosts involved doping systems, the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energy levels of a series low-triplet-energy hosts with diphenylphosphine oxide (DPPO) and triphenylamine (TPA), collectively named DPE(x)POTPA(n), were successfully and gradually tuned on the basis of their constant triplet energy levels (T-1) of 2.63 eV to get rid of interference from host-dopant energy transfer. It was showed that device efficiencies were directly proportional to the depths of carrier traps formed on the dopants and inversely proportional to the exciton capture ability of the hosts, which were evidenced by the highest external quantum efficiency of similar to 15% from FIrpic-based PHOLED of DPESPOTPA with the deepest hole and electron traps and the weakest exciton capture ability among DPE(x)POTPA(n). This work not only demonstrated the great advantages and potential of this kind of host materials for low-driving-voltage application but also clarified the determinants of highly efficient low-triplet-energy hosts for blue PHOLEDs, which are consequentially referable for purposeful molecular design.}, number={24}, journal={Chemistry of Materials}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Zhu, Liping and Xu, Hui and Li, Jing and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, year={2013}, pages={4966–4976} }
 @article{fan_zhu_jiang_zhong_ma_qin_yang_2013, title={Efficient blue and bluish-green iridium phosphors: Fine-tuning emissions of FIrpic by halogen substitution on pyridine-containing ligands}, volume={14}, url={http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566119913004163}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2013.09.026}, abstractNote={Three new iridium compounds, 4-F-FIrpic, 4-Cl-FIrpic and 4-Br-FIrpic, were designed and synthesized by introducing the F, Cl and Br atoms to the 4-position of pyridine ring in the frame of sky-blue emitter, FIrpic. Adding F atom stabilizes the HOMO level of FIrpic but keeps the LUMO level of FIrpic almost unchanged, which consequently broadens the HOMO-LUMO gap of FIrpic and finely tunes the emission to 465 nm of 4-F-FIrpic from 470 nm of FIrpic. In contrast, introducing of Cl and Br atoms simultaneously lowers the HOMO and LUMO levels of FIrpic, which brings about the squeeze of HOMO-LUMO gap in FIrpic and makes the emissions of 4-Cl-FIrpic and 4-Br-FIrpic red-shift to 475 and 479 nm, respectively. The phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using the three iridium compounds as dopants were fabricated with the following configuration: ITO/MoO3/TAPC/TCTA: dopants/Tm/LiF/Al. The device based on 4-F-FIrpic showed a blue emission with the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinate of (0.15, 0.28), and revealed rather high efficiencies, with maximum current efficiency of 29 cd A(-1), power efficiency of 29 lm W-1 and external quantum efficiency of 14.6%. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, number={12}, journal={Organic Electronics}, author={Fan, Cong and Zhu, Liping and Jiang, Bei and Zhong, Cheng and Ma, Dongge and Qin, Jingui and Yang, Chuluo}, year={2013}, pages={3163–3171} }
 @article{zhao_zhu_chen_ma_2012, title={Improving color stability of blue/orange complementary white OLEDs by using single-host double-emissive layer structure: Comprehensive experimental investigation into the device working mechanism}, volume={13}, url={http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566119912001668}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2012.04.015}, abstractNote={In this paper, we successfully improved the spectral stability in blue/orange complementary white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by utilizing hole-type single host double emissive layer structure. The demonstrated double emissive layer structure effectively suppresses the direct recombination of electron–hole pairs on the hole-trapping orange phosphor and thus reduces the deteriorated effect of charge trapping on electroluminescence spectrum stability by controlling exciton recombination zone. It is shown that the white light emission is a cascade energy transfer process from host to blue phosphor and then to orange phosphor, which seems to be less affected by the driving conditions. Thus, the change in Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage coordinates (CIE) in the white OLEDs is less than (±0.010, ±0.007) as the voltage increases from 4 V to 9 V, which correspond to the luminance increasing from 200 cd m−2 to about 20,000 cd m−2. This is superior to that of co-doped single emissive layer devices, which show much larger CIEs variation of (±0.05, ±0.02) in the same driving voltage range. We gave detailed analysis on the exciton recombination processes and well elucidated the working mechanism of the fabricated double emissive layer structure white OLEDs.}, number={8}, journal={Organic Electronics}, author={Zhao, Yongbiao and Zhu, Liping and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, year={2012}, pages={1340–1348} }
 @article{zhang_li_zhu_liu_song_li_sun_fang, title={A PTB7-based narrow band-gap conjugated polyelectrolyte as an efficient
   cathode interlayer in PTB7-based polymer solar cells}, volume={53}, DOI={{10.1039/c6cc09274h}}, abstractNote={A PTB7-based cationic narrow band-gap polyelectrolyte, named PTB7-NBr, has been designed and synthesized as a cathode interfacial material for polymer solar cells. PTB7-NBr exhibits excellent cathode interfacial modification in solar cells with PTB7 and PTB7-Th as donor polymer and a high PCE of 9.24% was achieved.}, number={12}, journal={CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Zhang, Wenjun and Li, Yaru and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Xiaohui and Song, Changjian and Li, Xiaodong and Sun, Xiaohua and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{2005–2008}} }
 @article{liu_zhu_gong_zhong_xie_mao_fang_ma_yang, title={A Red Fluorescent Emitter with a Simultaneous Hybrid Local and Charge
   Transfer Excited State and Aggregation-Induced Emission for
   High-Efficiency, Low Efficiency Roll-Off OLEDs}, volume={5}, DOI={{10.1002/adom.201700145}}, number={13}, journal={ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS}, author={Liu, Tengxiao and Zhu, Liping and Gong, Shaolong and Zhong, Cheng and Xie, Guohua and Mao, Erqian and Fang, Junfeng and Ma, Dongge and Yang, Chuluo} }
 @article{zhu_song_li_wang_zhang_sun_zhang_fang, title={A benzobis(thiadiazole)-based small molecule as a solution-processing
   electron extraction material in planar perovskite solar cells}, volume={5}, DOI={{10.1039/c7tc03368k}}, number={41}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Zhu, Liping and Song, Changjian and Li, Xiaodong and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Zhang, Wenxiao and Sun, Xiaohua and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{10777–10784}} }
 @article{wu_sun_zhu_sun_wang_yang_qiao_chen_alshehri_ahamad_et al., title={Achieving Extreme Utilization of Excitons by an Efficient Sandwich-Type
   Emissive Layer Architecture for Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off and Improved
   Operational Stability in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes}, volume={8}, DOI={{10.1021/acsami.5b10532}}, abstractNote={It has been demonstrated that the efficiency roll-off is generally caused by the accumulation of excitons or charge carriers, which is intimately related to the emissive layer (EML) architecture in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this article, an efficient sandwich-type EML structure with a mixed-host EML sandwiched between two single-host EMLs was designed to eliminate this accumulation, thus simultaneously achieving high efficiency, low efficiency roll-off and good operational stability in the resulting OLEDs. The devices show excellent electroluminescence performances, realizing a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.6% with a maximum power efficiency of 105.6 lm W(-1) and a maximum current efficiency of 93.5 cd A(-1). At the high brightness of 5,000 cd m(-2), they still remain as high as 23.3%, 71.1 lm W(-1), and 88.3 cd A(-1), respectively. And, the device lifetime is up to 2000 h at initial luminance of 1000 cd m(-2), which is significantly higher than that of compared devices with conventional EML structures. The improvement mechanism is systematically studied by the dependence of the exciton distribution in EML and the exciton quenching processes. It can be seen that the utilization of the efficient sandwich-type EML broadens the recombination zone width, thus greatly reducing the exciton quenching and increasing the probability of the exciton recombination. It is believed that the design concept provides a new avenue for us to achieve high-performance OLEDs.}, number={5}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Wu, Zhongbin and Sun, Ning and Zhu, Liping and Sun, Hengda and Wang, Jiaxiu and Yang, Dezhi and Qiao, Xianfeng and Chen, Jiangshan and Alshehri, Saad M. and Ahamad, Tansir and et al.}, pages={{3150–3159}} }
 @article{gu_zhu_li_yu_wu_chen_huang_wang_gong_ma_et al., title={Adamantane-Based Wide-Bandgap Host Material: Blue Electrophosphorescence
   with High Efficiency and Very High Brightness}, volume={21}, DOI={{10.1002/chem.201500517}}, abstractNote={An adamantane-based host material, namely, 4-{3-[4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]adamantan-1-yl}benzonitrile (CzCN-Ad), was prepared by linking an electron-donating carbazole unit and an electron-accepting benzonitrile moiety through an adamantane bridge. In this approach, two functional groups were attached to tetrahedral points of adamantane to construct an "sp(3)" topological configuration. This design strategy endows the host material with a high triplet energy of 3.03 eV due to the disruption of intramolecular charge transfer. Although CzCN-Ad has a low molecular weight, the rigid nonconjugated adamantane bridge results in a glass transition temperature of 89 °C. These features make CzCN-Ad suitable for fabricating blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). The devices based on sky-blue phosphor bis[(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C(2')](picolinato)iridium(III) (FIrpic) achieved a high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.1%, which is among the best results for blue PhOLEDs ever reported. Furthermore, blue PhOLEDs with bis(2,4-difluorophenylpyridinato)-tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl)borate iridium(III) (FIr6) as dopant exhibited a maximum EQE of 14.2% and a maximum luminance of 34 262 cd m(-2). To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest luminance ever reported for FIr6-based PhOLEDs.}, number={22}, journal={CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL}, author={Gu, Yu and Zhu, Liping and Li, Yifan and Yu, Ling and Wu, Kailong and Chen, Tianheng and Huang, Manli and Wang, Feng and Gong, Shaolong and Ma, Dongge and et al.}, pages={{8250–8256}} }
 @article{chang_wang_song_zhu_guo_fang, title={Carboxylic ester-terminated fulleropyrrolidine as an efficient electron
   transport material for inverted perovskite solar cells}, volume={6}, DOI={{10.1039/c8tc01955j}}, number={26}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Chang, Junwei and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Song, Changjian and Zhu, Liping and Guo, Qiang and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{6982–6987}} }
 @article{zhu_li_song_liu_wang_zhang_fang, title={Cathode modification in planar hetero-junction perovskite solar cells
   through a small-molecule zwitterionic carboxylate}, volume={48}, DOI={{10.1016/j.orgel.2017.06.006}}, journal={ORGANIC ELECTRONICS}, author={Zhu, Liping and Li, Xiaodong and Song, Changjian and Liu, Xiaohui and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{204–210}} }
 @article{han_zhao_zhang_zhu_xu_li_ma_yan, title={Constructing Low-Triplet-Energy Hosts for Highly Efficient Blue PHOLEDs:
   Controlling Charge and Exciton Capture in Doping Systems}, volume={25}, DOI={{10.1021/cm403160p}}, number={24}, journal={CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Zhu, Liping and Xu, Hui and Li, Jing and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, pages={{4966–4976}} }
 @article{wang_pan_zhu_wang_wang_liu_jin_chen_ma, title={Construction of thermally stable 3,6-disubstituted spiro-fluorene
   derivatives as host materials for blue phosphorescent organic
   light-emitting diodes}, volume={114}, DOI={{10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.11.011}}, journal={DYES AND PIGMENTS}, author={Wang, Lei and Pan, Biao and Zhu, Liping and Wang, Bo and Wang, Yixing and Liu, Yakun and Jin, Jiangjiang and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, pages={{222–230}} }
 @article{zhu_chen_ma, title={Dopant effects on charge transport to enhance performance of
   phosphorescent white organic light emitting diodes}, volume={118}, DOI={{10.1063/1.4935162}}, number={17}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS}, author={Zhu, Liping and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge} }
 @article{zhao_zhu_liu_wang_ma, title={Doping-free hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with fluorescent
   blue, phosphorescent green and red emission layers}, volume={27}, DOI={{10.1016/j.orgel.2015.09.025}}, journal={ORGANIC ELECTRONICS}, author={Zhao, Fangchao and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Yipeng and Wang, Yue and Ma, Dongge}, pages={{207–211}} }
 @article{wang_li_zhu_liu_zhang_fang, title={Efficient and Hysteresis-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Based on a Solution
   Processable Polar Fullerene Electron Transport Layer}, volume={7}, DOI={{10.1002/aenm.201701144}}, number={21}, journal={ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS}, author={Wang, Ying-Chiao and Li, Xiaodong and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Xiaohui and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng} }
 @article{fan_zhu_jiang_zhong_ma_qin_yang, title={Efficient blue and bluish-green iridium phosphors: Fine-tuning emissions
   of FIrpic by halogen substitution on pyridine-containing ligands}, volume={14}, DOI={{10.1016/j.orgel.2013.09.026}}, number={12}, journal={ORGANIC ELECTRONICS}, author={Fan, Cong and Zhu, Liping and Jiang, Bei and Zhong, Cheng and Ma, Dongge and Qin, Jingui and Yang, Chuluo}, pages={{3163–3171}} }
 @article{wang_chang_zhu_li_song_fang, title={Electron-Transport-Layer-Assisted Crystallization of Perovskite Films
   for High-Efficiency Planar Heterojunction Solar Cells}, volume={28}, DOI={{10.1002/adfm.201706317}}, number={9}, journal={ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Wang, Ying-Chiao and Chang, Junwei and Zhu, Liping and Li, Xiaodong and Song, Changjian and Fang, Junfeng} }
 @article{fan_zhu_jiang_li_zhao_ma_qin_yang, title={High Power Efficiency Yellow Phosphorescent OLEDs by Using New Iridium
   Complexes with Halogen-Substituted 2-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazole Ligands}, volume={117}, DOI={{10.1021/jp406220c}}, number={37}, journal={JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C}, author={Fan, Cong and Zhu, Liping and Jiang, Bei and Li, Yifan and Zhao, Fangchao and Ma, Dongge and Qin, Jingui and Yang, Chuluo}, pages={{19134–19141}} }
 @article{zhu_xu_wang_chen_ma, title={High efficiency yellow fluorescent organic light emitting diodes based
   on m-MTDATA/BPhen exciplex}, volume={8}, DOI={{10.1007/s12200-015-0492-0}}, number={4}, journal={FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS}, author={Zhu, Liping and Xu, Kai and Wang, Yanping and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, pages={{439–444}} }
 @article{wu_luo_sun_zhu_sun_yu_yang_qiao_chen_yang_et al., title={High-Performance Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with
   Superior Efficiency/Color Rendering Index/Color Stability and Low
   Efficiency Roll-Off Based on a Blue Thermally Activated Delayed
   Fluorescent Emitter}, volume={26}, DOI={{10.1002/adfm.201505602}}, number={19}, journal={ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Wu, Zhongbin and Luo, Jiajia and Sun, Ning and Zhu, Liping and Sun, Hengda and Yu, Ling and Yang, Dezhi and Qiao, Xianfeng and Chen, Jiangshan and Yang, Chuluo and et al.}, pages={{3306–3313}} }
 @article{liu_li_li_song_zhu_zhang_wang_fang, title={High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells with PCE of 10.42% via Al-Doped
   ZnO Cathode Interlayer}, volume={28}, DOI={{10.1002/adma.201601814}}, abstractNote={High-performance polymer solar cells incorporating a low-temperature-processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) cathode interlayer are constructed with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.42% based on PTB7-Th:PC71 BM blends (insensitive to the AZO thickness). Moreover, flexible devices on poly(ethylene terephthalate)/indium tin oxide substrates with PCE of 8.93% are also obtained, and welldistributed efficiency and good device stability are demonstrated as well.}, number={34}, journal={ADVANCED MATERIALS}, author={Liu, Xiaohui and Li, Xiaodong and Li, Yaru and Song, Changjian and Zhu, Liping and Zhang, Wenjun and Wang, Hai-Qiao and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{7405–7412}} }
 @article{han_zhu_li_zhao_zhang_xu_deng_ma_yan, title={Highly Efficient Multifluorenyl Host Materials with Unsymmetrical
   Molecular Configurations and Localized Triplet States for Green and Red
   Phosphorescent Devices}, volume={26}, DOI={{10.1002/adma.201400710}}, abstractNote={Highly efficient green and red electro-phosphorescence is achieved in devices with the host material DPESPODEF3. The multiple fluorenyl moieties of the host material are arranged such that it has an unsymmetrical molecular configuration, and its triplet-state location is tuned such that it has independent energy (ET) and charge transfer (CT) channels. As a result, DPESPODEF3 can suppress triplet-triplet annihilation and triplet-polaron quenching. In the resulting green and red phosphorescent devices, impressive external quantum efficiencies of ca. 20% and 16% and power efficiencies of ca. 75 and 20 lm W(-1) , respectively, are observed.}, number={41}, journal={ADVANCED MATERIALS}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhu, Liping and Li, Jing and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Xu, Hui and Deng, Zhaopeng and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, pages={{7070+}} }
 @article{li_wang_zhu_zhang_wang_fang, title={Improving Efficiency and Reproducibility of Perovskite Solar Cells
   through Aggregation Control in Polyelectrolytes Hole Transport Layer}, volume={9}, DOI={{10.1021/acsami.7b11977}}, abstractNote={Here, we report that the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be improved by aggregation control in polyelectrolytes interlayer. Through counterions tailoring and solvent optimization, the strong aggregation of polyelectrolytes P3CT-Na can be broken up by P3CT-CH 3 NH 2 . When using P3CT-CH 3 NH 2  to replace P3CT-Na as hole transport layer, the average efficiency is greatly improved from 16.9 to 18.9% (highest 19.6%). Importantly, efficiency over 15% is obtained in 1 cm 2  devices with P3CT-CH 3 NH 2 , ∼50% higher than that with P3CT-Na (10.3%). Our work demonstrates the important role of aggregation control in polyelectrolytes interlayer, providing new opportunities to promote its application in PSCs.}, number={37}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Li, Xiaodong and Wang, Ying-Chiao and Zhu, Liping and Zhang, Wenjun and Wang, Hai-Qiao and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{31357–31361}} }
 @article{zhao_zhu_chen_ma, title={Improving color stability of blue/orange complementary white OLEDs by
   using single-host double-emissive layer structure: Comprehensive
   experimental investigation into the device working mechanism}, volume={13}, DOI={{10.1016/j.orgel.2012.04.015}}, number={8}, journal={ORGANIC ELECTRONICS}, author={Zhao, Yongbiao and Zhu, Liping and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, pages={{1340–1348}} }
 @article{liu_zhu_zhong_xie_gong_fang_ma_yang, title={Naphthothiadiazole-Based Near-Infrared Emitter with a Photoluminescence
   Quantum Yield of 60% in Neat Film and External Quantum Efficiencies of
   up to 3.9% in Nondoped OLEDs}, volume={27}, DOI={{10.1002/adfm.201606384}}, number={12}, journal={ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Liu, Tengxiao and Zhu, Liping and Zhong, Cheng and Xie, Guohua and Gong, Shaolong and Fang, Junfeng and Ma, Dongge and Yang, Chuluo} }
 @article{kan_zhu_wei_ma_sun_wu_huang_xu, title={Phosphine oxide-jointed electron transporters for the reduction of
   interfacial quenching in highly efficient blue PHOLEDs}, volume={3}, DOI={{10.1039/c5tc00643k}}, number={21}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Kan, Wenjing and Zhu, Liping and Wei, Ying and Ma, Dongge and Sun, Mingzhi and Wu, Zhongbin and Huang, Wei and Xu, Hui}, pages={{5430–5439}} }
 @article{han_zhu_li_zhao_xu_ma_yan, title={Rationally Investigating the Influence of T-1 Location on
   Electroluminescence Performance of Aryl Amine Modified Phosphine Oxide
   Materials}, volume={20}, DOI={{10.1002/chem.201404615}}, abstractNote={The correspondence between triplet location effect and host-localized triplet-triplet annihilation and triplet-polaron quenching effects was performed on the basis of a series of naphthyldiphenylamine (DPNA)-modified phosphine oxide hosts. The number and ratio of DPNA and diphenylphosphine oxide was adjusted to afford symmetrical and unsymmetrical molecular structures and different electronic environments. As designed, the first triplet (T1 ) states were successfully localized on the specific DPNA chromophores. Owing to the meso- and multi-insulating linkages, identical optical properties and comparable electrical performance was observed, including the same first singlet (S1 ) and T1 energy levels to support the similar singlet and triplet energy transfer and the close frontier molecular orbital energy levels. This established the basis of rational investigation on T1 location effect without interference from other optoelectronic factors.}, number={49}, journal={CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhu, Liping and Li, Jing and Zhao, Fangchao and Xu, Hui and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, pages={{16350–16359}} }
 @article{sun_chen_zhu_guo_yang_chen_ma, title={Realization of Optimal Interconnector for Tandem Organic Light-Emitting
   Diodes with Record Efficiency}, volume={1}, DOI={{10.1002/aelm.201500176}}, number={11}, journal={ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS}, author={Sun, Hengda and Chen, Yonghua and Zhu, Liping and Guo, Qingxun and Yang, Dezhi and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge} }
 @article{li_li_liu_zhu_zhang_fang, title={Realizing High Performance Inverted Organic Solar Cells via a
   Nonconjugated Electrolyte Cathode Interlayer}, volume={120}, DOI={{10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10558}}, number={46}, journal={JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C}, author={Li, Yaru and Li, Xiaodong and Liu, Xiaohui and Zhu, Liping and Zhang, Wenjun and Fang, Junfeng}, pages={{26244–26248}} }
 @article{zhu_wu_chen_ma, title={Reduced efficiency roll-off in all-phosphorescent white organic
   light-emitting diodes with an external quantum efficiency of over 20%}, volume={3}, DOI={{10.1039/c5tc00205b}}, number={14}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Zhu, Liping and Wu, Zhongbin and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge}, pages={{3304–3310}} }
 @article{han_zhu_zhao_zhang_wang_deng_xu_li_ma_yan, title={Suppressing triplet state extension for highly efficient ambipolar
   phosphine oxide host materials in blue PHOLEDs}, volume={50}, DOI={{10.1039/c3cc49020c}}, abstractNote={A series of phosphine oxide hosts were constructed to investigate the influence of the triplet state extension in hosts on electrophosphorescence, in which DPESPOPhCz with the carbazolyl-localized triplet state endowed its blue-emitting PHOLEDs with favourable performance, including an external quantum efficiency more than 13%.}, number={20}, journal={CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Han, Chunmiao and Zhu, Liping and Zhao, Fangchao and Zhang, Zhen and Wang, Jianzhe and Deng, Zhaopeng and Xu, Hui and Li, Jing and Ma, Dongge and Yan, Pengfei}, pages={{2670–2672}} }
 @article{sun_zhu_kan_wei_ma_fan_huang_xu, title={Ternary donor-acceptor phosphine oxide hosts with peculiar high energy
   gap for efficient blue electroluminescence}, volume={3}, DOI={{10.1039/c5tc02029h}}, number={36}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Sun, Mingzhi and Zhu, Liping and Kan, Wenjing and Wei, Ying and Ma, Dongge and Fan, Xuefeng and Huang, Wei and Xu, Hui}, pages={{9469–9478}} }
 @article{sun_zhu_kan_wei_ma_fan_huang_xu, title={Ternary donor-acceptor phosphine oxide hosts with peculiar high energy
   gap for efficient blue electroluminescence (vol 3, pg 9469, 2015)}, volume={3}, DOI={{10.1039/c5tc90156a}}, number={36}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Sun, Mingzhi and Zhu, Liping and Kan, Wenjing and Wei, Ying and Ma, Dongge and Fan, Xuefeng and Huang, Wei and Xu, Hui}, pages={{9479}} }
 @article{jia_zhu_wei_wu_xu_ding_chen_ma_huang, title={Triazine-phosphine oxide electron transporter for
   ultralow-voltage-driven sky blue PHOLEDs}, volume={3}, DOI={{10.1039/c4tc02993c}}, number={19}, journal={JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C}, author={Jia, Jilin and Zhu, Liping and Wei, Ying and Wu, Zhongbin and Xu, Hui and Ding, Dongxue and Chen, Runfeng and Ma, Dongge and Huang, Wei}, pages={{4890–4902}} }
 @article{fan_zhu_liu_jiang_ma_qin_yang, title={Using an Organic Molecule with Low Triplet Energy as a Host in a Highly
   Efficient Blue Electrophosphorescent Device}, volume={53}, DOI={{10.1002/anie.201308046}}, abstractNote={To achieve high efficiencies in blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs), the triplet energies (T1) of host materials are generally supposed to be higher than the blue phosphors. A small organic molecule with low singlet energy (S1) of 2.80 eV and triplet energy of 2.71 eV can be used as the host material for the blue phosphor, [bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N,C(2'))iridium(III)] tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl)borate (FIr6; T1=2.73 eV). In both the photo- and electro-excited processes, the energy transfer from the host material to FIr6 was found to be efficient. In a three organic-layer device, the maximum current efficiency of 37 cd A(-1) and power efficiency of 40 Lm W(-1) were achieved for the FIr6-based blue PhOLEDs.}, number={8}, journal={ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION}, author={Fan, Cong and Zhu, Liping and Liu, Tengxiao and Jiang, Bei and Ma, Dongge and Qin, Jingui and Yang, Chuluo}, pages={{2147–2151}} }
 @article{zhu_zhao_zhang_chen_ma, title={Using an ultra-thin non-doped orange emission layer to realize high
   efficiency white organic light-emitting diodes with low efficiency
   roll-off}, volume={115}, DOI={{10.1063/1.4886179}}, number={24}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS}, author={Zhu, Liping and Zhao, Yongbiao and Zhang, Hongmei and Chen, Jiangshan and Ma, Dongge} }