@article{andersen_clark_hopper_hodson_schilling_daniels_woods_kovach_berlinsky_kenter_et al._2021, title={Methods of domestic striped bass (Morone saxatilis) spawning that do not require the use of any hormone induction}, volume={533}, ISSN={["1873-5622"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736025}, abstractNote={Nineteen batch spawning trials were conducted using 5th and 6th generation domestic striped bass (Morone saxatilis) to demonstrate the ability of these fish to volitionally spawn in large tanks to produce larvae using only photothermal and salinity conditioning. The findings described are the first report of multiple striped bass successfully batch spawning in captivity without exogenous hormone administration. The results of these trials indicate that an approximately 1:1 ratio of female to male striped bass in a single batch spawning unit is more favorable for production, that a minimum of at least 10 fish of each sex is required to elicit this particular spawning behavior, and that using 25 fish of each sex will yield commercially scalable larval production. This batch spawning method has been employed to effectively and consistently spawn over half of the female striped bass in the National Program for Genetic Improvement and Selective Breeding for the Hybrid Striped Bass Industry (N = 202 of 334 female fish over five years) to produce 44,608,181 swim-up larvae (26.6% hatching rate). Microsatellite genotyping and parentage assignment demonstrates that females will reproduce with between 2 and 18 males and that males will reproduce with between 1 and 6 females. Moreover, the effective broodstock size (Nb) of these batch spawning units is 33 and when accounting for multiple partners and unequal family sizes (Nbv) is 28. Lastly, the reported results include the successful spawning of female striped bass staged at and beyond 15 Bayless hours, or those that would have previously been considered ineligible for spawning even with the use of exogenous hormone treatment.}, journal={AQUACULTURE}, author={Andersen, L. K. and Clark, R. W. and Hopper, M. S. and Hodson, R. G. and Schilling, J. and Daniels, H. V. and Woods, L. C., III and Kovach, A. I. and Berlinsky, D. L. and Kenter, L. W. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{andersen_abernathy_berlinsky_bolton_booker_borski_brown_cerino_ciaramella_clark_et al._2021, title={The status of striped bass, <scp><i>Morone saxatilis</i>,</scp> as a commercially ready species for U.S. marine aquaculture}, volume={52}, ISSN={0893-8849 1749-7345}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12812}, DOI={10.1111/jwas.12812}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the World Aquaculture Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Andersen, Linnea K. and Abernathy, Jason and Berlinsky, David L. and Bolton, Greg and Booker, Matthew M. and Borski, Russell J. and Brown, Travis and Cerino, David and Ciaramella, Michael and Clark, Robert W. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={710–730} }
 @article{andersen_clark_mcginty_hopper_kenter_salger_schilling_hodson_kovach_berlinsky_et al._2021, title={Volitional tank spawning of domestic striped bass (Morone saxatilis) using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa)- induced 'pace-setting' females}, volume={532}, ISSN={["1873-5622"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735967}, abstractNote={Seventy-one tank spawning trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of exogenous hormone compounds and a novel “pace-set” strategy for inducing volitional tank spawning behavior in 5th generation domestic striped bass. Female fish (4.74 ± 0.73 kg; mean ± standard deviation) were treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 29 trials), gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (GnRHa; 39 trials) or received no hormone treatment (control; 3 trials). Spawning trials were conducted using single females placed in spawning tanks with two (12 trials) or three (38 trials) males or with paired females placed in spawning tanks with three (4 trials) males. Significant differences in egg production, fry production, hatching rate, and fry/kg female body weight were generally not observed between exogenous hormone treatment groups (alpha = 0.05), with the exception of egg production differing between paired females spawning with three males (Student's t-test, p = 0.0255). However, a trend suggesting that increasing the number of males or females within the tanks improves yield of larvae (fry/kg female body weight) was observed. The untreated control females failed to spawn within 7 days. The pace-set spawning was conducted whereby one female treated with either hCG (7 trials) or GnRHa (7 trials) was placed in a spawning tank with one untreated female and multiple males. The results of these trials show for the first time that a hormone-induced female striped bass can be used to stimulate successful volitional spawning of an untreated female in the same tank with fry/kg female body weight production similar to that of hormone-treated fish. Microsatellite-based parentage of select tank spawns and four additional trials conducted with an increased number of males (19 trials total) showed that female striped bass typically spawn with at least two males; a single pair mating was only observed for one spawning trial. These data allowed for the determination of effective broodstock size (Nb) of each tank spawning trial at between 2.00 and 5.60 when considering all male contributions. The Nb generally increased as the number of males and female fish in the tank increased (from 2.53 for one female and two males to 5.52 for two females and six males). These results indicate that domestic striped bass are promiscuous and will generally reproduce in captivity using tank spawning procedures that allow for a high level of genetic diversity to be retained among the offspring. The pace-set method reduces hormone use and may be applied to commercial striped bass production as well as captive spawning of other fish species.}, journal={AQUACULTURE}, author={Andersen, L. K. and Clark, R. W. and McGinty, A. S. and Hopper, M. S. and Kenter, L. W. and Salger, S. A. and Schilling, J. and Hodson, R. G. and Kovach, A. I. and Berlinsky, D. L. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{picha_biga_galt_mcginty_gross_hedgpeth_siopes_borski_2014, title={Overcompensation of circulating and local insulin-like growth factor-1 during catch-up growth in hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops Chi Morone saxatilis) following temperature and feeding manipulations}, volume={428}, ISSN={["1873-5622"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.02.028}, abstractNote={Teleosts and other aquatic ectotherms have the ability to withstand prolonged periods of low water temperatures (cold-acclimation) and fasting, and can often respond with phases of accelerated (compensatory) growth when favorable conditions are restored. We assessed whether complete feed restriction prior to (24 °C, days 0–23) and/or during (14 °C, days 24–114) a simulated period of cold-acclimation could elicit episodes of compensatory growth (CG) and catch-up growth upon warm-up to 24 °C and satiation feeding (days 115–148). Control hybrid striped bass (HSB: Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) were fed to satiation throughout the entire experiment under these temperature fluctuations. Compensatory growth and ultimately catch-up growth were achieved in groups of HSB that were deprived of feed during either the initial period at 24 °C (days 0–23), during the cold-acclimation period (14 °C, days 24–114), or during both of these periods (days 0–114). Further, it appears that HSB are better able to compensate for weight loss when skeletal length is not significantly compromised during the treatment period, which occurred in HSB feed restricted during cold-acclimation only. The most dramatic CG responses were defined by specific growth rates (SGRs) up to 4.2 times that of controls and were accompanied by hyperphagia and improvements in temporal and overall feed conversion. Levels of plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and muscle IGF-1 mRNA were significantly correlated to growth rate for all groups throughout the experiment (R2 = 0.40, 0.23, respectively), with an overcompensation of both observed in HSB with the most elevated SGRs during the CG response. Interestingly, opposing trends were observed between muscle mRNA expression of growth hormone receptor (GHR)-1 and -2, with fasting at 24 °C and 14 °C resulting in depressed levels of GHR-1 and elevated levels of GHR-2 relative to controls. Levels of muscle myostatin (MSTN)-1 mRNA were significantly depressed in HSB fasted at 24 °C and/or 14 °C while MSTN-2 mRNA was lower following initial feed restriction at 24 °C. Likewise, levels of unprocessed pro-MSTN (precursor) and mature MSTN protein were both depressed in fasted fish at 24 °C. This study demonstrates that a previous period of feed restriction and cold-acclimation followed by realimentation at more favorable water temperatures produces a strong CG response and catch-up growth in fish. These studies also suggest that an overcompensation of circulating and local IGF-1 along with changes in MSTN mRNA and protein expression may contribute to accelerated growth rates characteristic of CG. Furthermore, our studies indicate that overall feed conversion can improve by as much as 30% with CG induced through temperature and feeding manipulations with no adverse effects on growth of HSB. This raises the possibility that CG protocols can improve production efficiency of HSB and other temperate teleosts in pond or tank culture.}, journal={AQUACULTURE}, author={Picha, Matthew E. and Biga, Peggy R. and Galt, Nicholas and McGinty, Andy S. and Gross, Kevin and Hedgpeth, Vickie S. and Siopes, Thomas D. and Borski, Russell J.}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={174–183} }
 @article{clarke_harms_law_flowers_williams_ring_mcginty_hopper_sullivan_2012, title={Clinical and Pathological Effects of the Polyopisthocotylean Monogenean, Gamacallum macroura in White Bass}, volume={24}, ISSN={["0899-7659"]}, DOI={10.1080/08997659.2012.713889}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH}, author={Clarke, Elsburgh O., III and Harms, Craig A. and Law, J. McHugh and Flowers, James R. and Williams, Valerie N. and Ring, Brad D. and McGinty, Andrew S. and Hopper, Michael and Sullivan, Craig V.}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={251–257} }