@article{chen_steer_2017, title={Abstracted Random Mediums for Electromagnetic Hotspot Observation in Finite-Difference Time-Domain Simulation}, volume={65}, ISSN={["1557-9670"]}, DOI={10.1109/tmtt.2016.2640951}, abstractNote={Microwave excitation of energetic materials can remotely incite ignition and deflagration. While this has been experimentally observed, the underlying principles are not well understood due to the complexity of analytical solutions. Further complicating understanding is the sensitivity of the effect to geometry and the difficulty of creating simulation environments representative of realistic materials. Manageable analysis requires abstractions, and here abstractions ranging from regularly arranged spheres and cubes to randomly arranged spheres, cubes, and arbitrarily shaped crystals are examined. The randomly arranged cube model provides acceptable prediction of thermal and peak electric field hotspots while having manageable computational complexity. The hotspots resulting from multiple subwavelength scattering occur inside the body of the energetic material and are localized in time and space having spans that are a few percent or less of the period and wavelength of pulsed electromagnetic excitation.}, number={5}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES}, author={Chen, Michael and Steer, Michael B.}, year={2017}, month={May}, pages={1873–1879} }
 @inproceedings{chen_steer_zikry_2017, title={Significance of randomness in establishing hotspots in crystals}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85019680119&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/secon.2017.7925394}, abstractNote={Microwave scattering in random mediums is known to result in localized energy concentrations known as hotspots. However, the mechanics behind this effect are not well understood. Abstractions are needed to manage the complexity required to develop understanding through simulation and lead to the establishment of the parameters for a microwave system to neutralize energetic materials. Here, two random contributions of rotation and translation are separately simulated. It is observed that the individual effects both contribute to localization, and the combined effect is greater than the sum of the individuals.}, booktitle={Southeastcon 2017}, author={Chen, M. and Steer, M. B. and Zikry, Mohammed}, year={2017} }