@article{campbell_hall_obenour_2020, title={Application of packed bed reactor theory and Bayesian inference to upweller culture of juvenile oysters}, volume={90}, ISSN={["1873-5614"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.aquaeng.2020.102098}, abstractNote={The use of upweller culture units in bivalve nurseries is widely practiced as a technique that enhances the ability to rear large quantities in a semi-controlled environment. However, guidance has varied for optimal flow rates, and thus there is a need to develop a more mechanistic assessment. The application of packed bed reactor theory, including axial diffusion models, would improve optimization of these culture methods. The following paper presents a series of controlled experiments to determine the hydrodynamic properties of a packed bed of oysters. The data gained from these experiments was used to develop mechanistic models calibrated through Bayesian inference. Specifically, the Ergun equation and the axial diffusion model were used to predict the experimental data. The Ergun equation was able to predict the hydrodynamic equivalent diameter distribution of oyster shells (μ = 3.18 mm, σ = 0.74 mm). This oyster shell diameter and void ratio distribution gained through the Ergun equation were used in the relationship of axial diffusion and superficial velocity. The mean axial diffusion coefficient in the oyster bed was estimated 1.65 × 104 m2/s at 0.01 m/s and 7.26 × 104 m2/s at 0.08 m/s. The use of Bayesian inference allows for greater understanding of the credibility of individual parameter distributions (i.e., rates and physical attributes) within these mechanistic formulations. This work establishes a baseline methodology to systematically evaluate and optimize bivalve upweller culture systems.}, journal={AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING}, author={Campbell, Matthew D. and Hall, Steven G. and Obenour, Daniel R.}, year={2020}, month={Aug} }
 @misc{campbell_hall_2019, title={Hydrodynamic effects on oyster aquaculture systems: a review}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1753-5131"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85050378575&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/raq.12271}, abstractNote={AbstractHydrodynamics (i.e. interactions of fluid motion with solid bodies) affect oyster aquaculture within every phase of farming. Although it has many direct and indirect implications to the success of any particular aquaculture endeavour, hydrodynamics is the least understood of environmental factors affecting oyster growth. As the industry continues to mature, it is imperative that the influence of hydrodynamics on oyster aquaculture is thoroughly understood. Hydrodynamics also interacts with other environmental factors, such as salinity, temperature, turbidity, food supply and oxygen, which affect the health and growth of oysters through mixing and transport. Proper siting and management of aquaculture requires a comprehensive understanding of the hydrodynamics involved and its impact on the culture of oysters. Unfortunately, literature is inconsistent on oyster feeding and growth response to the influence of hydrodynamics. Feeding and growth limiting velocities are reported that range from 1 to above 22 cm s−1. This is in contrast with thriving oyster reefs in a natural setting that exist and thrive above 15 cm s−1. Upweller systems have reported bulk velocities that range from 0.5 to 7.1 cm s−1. In practice, higher current velocities are desirable because they increase delivery of food to the oysters, improve water quality, and enhance dispersal of biodeposits. This paper summarizes the findings of those studies in regard to hydrodynamics and provides suggestions for future work.}, number={3}, journal={REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE}, author={Campbell, Matthew D. and Hall, Steven G.}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={896–906} }