@article{dicarlo_berglund_kaza_grieshop_shealy_behr_2023, title={Customer complaint management and smart technology adoption by community water systems}, volume={80}, ISSN={["1878-4356"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jup.2022.101465}, abstractNote={Community water systems (CWSs) supply safe drinking water through pipes and other conveyances to the same population year-round. Complaint management is an important activity for CWSs and can assist efforts to monitor water quality and improve public perceptions. This research explores how CWSs receive, store, and use customer complaints. A new dataset is constructed through the distribution of an online survey. Respondents represent more than 500 CWSs across the U.S. and vary in characteristics, including the population size served. This research gives new insight about the tools that CWSs need and are willing to adopt for analyzing and reporting water quality issues.}, journal={UTILITIES POLICY}, author={DiCarlo, Morgan and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Kaza, Nikhil and Grieshop, Andrew and Shealy, Luke and Behr, Adam}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{dicarlo_berglund_2022, title={Using advanced metering infrastructure data to evaluate consumer compliance with water advisories during a water service interruption}, volume={221}, ISSN={["1879-2448"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.watres.2022.118802}, abstractNote={Water main breaks disrupt services provided by utilities and result in Water Service Interruptions (WSIs). Water utilities can manage WSIs through water advisories, which request that consumers limit their water use. The performance of water advisories depends on consumer compliance and decisions to conserve water. This research explores customer compliance with water advisories using water consumption data collected through Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). AMI provides high temporal and spatial resolution of water consumption data, which is analyzed to identify changes in water use behaviors. This research explores water use changes during a major water main break in Orange County, North Carolina, that caused a significant WSI, limiting water supply for more than 80,000 people. Customers were asked to reduce water use to essential purposes only and to boil water over the course of two days in November 2018. This research analyzes hourly consumption data to evaluate water consumption trends during the WSI and in response to water advisories. Statistical analysis is used to estimate the number of consumers who complied with utility notifications and to evaluate the volume of water saved. Regression analysis is applied to explore compliance across different user segments. Results provide insight about the level and variation of water conservation that can be expected during a WSI.}, journal={WATER RESEARCH}, author={DiCarlo, Morgan Faye and Berglund, Emily Zechman}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{dicarlo_berglund_2021, title={Connected communities improve hazard response: An agent-based model of social media behaviors during hurricanes}, volume={69}, ISSN={["2210-6715"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.scs.2021.102836}, abstractNote={Social media platforms have a developing role in how people respond to hazards, providing a network to seek help and respond to help requests. Understanding the dynamics of behavior on social media networks can improve community-level hazard response efforts. People who experience damages may use social media to seek immediate help for debris removal, supplies delivery or emergency rescue, and peers connected on social media may respond by reposting the help request or providing help in person. This research develops an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate a community of individuals that use social media to seek help and respond to requests for help during a hurricane. Agents represent individuals that are in a community affected by a hurricane and share a social media network. Behavioral rules for seeking help and providing help are developed using the Theory of Planned Behavior and parametrized through analysis of a survey of social media use conducted in communities that were affected by 2018 Hurricanes Florence and Michael. The ABM simulates agents that post help requests, repost help requests, provide help in person, and receive help. A Design of Experiments approach is applied to assess how ABM parameters, including community size, connectivity of a network, damage rate, and propensity for using social media, influence the number of requests for help that are met through the social media network. Results demonstrate that high connectivity leads to rapid reposting and results in cascading responses to meet requests for help.}, journal={SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY}, author={DiCarlo, Morgan Faye and Berglund, Emily Zechman}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{shortridge_dicarlo_2020, title={Characterizing Trends, Variability, and Statistical Drivers of Multisectoral Water Withdrawals for Statewide Planning}, volume={146}, ISSN={["1943-5452"]}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001175}, abstractNote={AbstractSustainable water management requires understanding the factors that influence water use across multiple time scales, spatial scales, and types of use. However, existing empirical research ...}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT}, author={Shortridge, Julie and DiCarlo, Morgan Faye}, year={2020}, month={Mar} }
 @article{dicarlo_berglund_2020, title={Use of Social Media to Seek and Provide Help in Hurricanes Florence and Michael}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2624-6511"]}, DOI={10.3390/smartcities3040059}, abstractNote={During hazardous events, communities can use existing social media networks to share information in real time and initiate a local disaster response. This research conducted a web-based survey to explore two behaviors around the use of social media during hurricanes: seeking help and responding to help requests. Through the survey, we sampled 434 individuals across several counties affected by 2018 hurricanes Florence and Michael, which were both designated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as billion-dollar weather disasters. The survey questions collected data about demographics, social media use habits, perceptions towards social media, hurricane damages, and actions taken during a hurricane to seek and provide help. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used to conceptualize and frame parameters that affect intentions and behaviors regarding the use of social media during hurricanes to seek and provide help. Survey responses are analyzed using statistical regression to evaluate hypotheses about the influence of factors on seeking help and responding to help requests. Regression analyses indicate that attitude and perceived behavioral control predict intention to access social media during a hurricane, partially supporting the TPB. Intention and experiencing urgent damages predict help-seeking behaviors using social media. Posting frequency to social media under normal conditions and the number of help requests seen during the event predict help-responding behaviors. Linear regression equations governing intention and behavior were parameterized using survey results. The factors underlying social media behavior during hurricanes as identified in this research provide insight for understanding how smart information technologies, such as personal devices and social media networks, support community self-sufficiency and hazard resilience.}, number={4}, journal={SMART CITIES}, author={DiCarlo, Morgan Faye and Berglund, Emily Zechman}, year={2020}, month={Dec}, pages={1187–1218} }