Michael Lewek

Works (19)

Updated: October 28th, 2025 21:05

2025 article

Evaluating Cognitive Workload With the Auditory Stroop Task While Using a Lower Limb Prosthesis: a Feasibility Study

Bai, X., Tacca, J. R., Liu, M., Buxton, E. D., Lewek, M. D., Feng, J., & Huang, H. H. (2025, May 12). 2025 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REHABILITATION ROBOTICS, ICORR, pp. 1227–1232.

By: X. Bai n, J. Tacca n, M. Liu n , E. Buxton*, M. Lewek*, J. Feng n, H. Huang n 

author keywords: cognitive workload; dual-task paradigm; evaluation methods
MeSH headings : Humans; Feasibility Studies; Cognition / physiology; Male; Stroop Test; Female; Adult; Artificial Limbs; Young Adult; Lower Extremity / physiology; Workload
topics (OpenAlex): Human-Automation Interaction and Safety; Motor Control and Adaptation; Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 29, 2025

2025 article

Guided Training with Visual Feedback can Improve Direct Electromyography Control of Prosthetic Ankles and Sit-to-Stand Performance: A Case Study

Tacca, J. R., Mituniewicz, A. L., Driscoll, B., Buxton, E. D., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. H. (2025, May 12). 2025 International Conference On Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), pp. 1524–1529.

By: J. Tacca*, A. Mituniewicz*, B. Driscoll n, E. Buxton*, M. Lewek* & H. Huang* 

MeSH headings : Humans; Electromyography / methods; Feedback, Sensory / physiology; Artificial Limbs; Male; Ankle / physiology; Adult; Amputees / rehabilitation; Female; Middle Aged
topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 1, 2025

2024 article

Continuous Gait Phase Estimation from Translational Kinematics: Towards Implementation in Powered Ankle Prostheses

Mituniewicz, A. L., Hong, W., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. H. (2024, September 1). 2024 10th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference for Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob), pp. 1843–1848.

By: A. Mituniewicz*, W. Hong *, M. Lewek* & H. Huang* 

topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 29, 2025

2024 article

Toward Task-Independent Optimal Adaptive Control of a Hip Exoskeleton for Locomotion Assistance in Neurorehabilitation

Zhang, Q., Si, J., Tu, X., Li, M., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. (2024, September 18). IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems, Vol. 9.

By: Q. Zhang *, J. Si*, X. Tu *, M. Li, M. Lewek* & H. Huang n 

author keywords: Exoskeletons; Legged locomotion; Hip; Impedance; Motors; Robots; Tuning; Assistance personalization; impedance control; optimal adaptive control; rehabilitation exoskeletons; rehabilitation robotics; reinforcement learning (RL)
topics (OpenAlex): Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery; Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 30, 2024

2023 article

A Robotic Assistance Personalization Control Approach of Hip Exoskeletons for Gait Symmetry Improvement

Zhang, Q., Tu, X., Si, J., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. (2023, October 1). 2023 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS), pp. 6125–6132.

By: Q. Zhang  n, X. Tu *, J. Si *, M. Lewek* & H. Huang n 

topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty; Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
TL;DR: A hierarchical control framework for a bilateral hip exoskeleton to provide the adaptive optimal hip joint assistance with a control objective of imposing the desired gait symmetry during walking is proposed. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: March 4, 2024

2023 article

Evidence of Implicit and Explicit Motor Learning during Gait Training with Distorted Rhythmic Auditory Cues

Duppen, C. P., Wrona, H., Dayan, E., & Lewek, M. D. (2023, July 2). Journal of Motor Behavior.

By: C. Duppen *, H. Wrona n, E. Dayan * & M. Lewek*

author keywords: motor learning; gait training; error-based learning; implicit learning
topics (OpenAlex): Motor Control and Adaptation; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention; Action Observation and Synchronization
TL;DR: Despite evidence of both implicit and explicit processes involved with each metronome, there were no between-condition differences in implicit or explicit retention for cadence, step length, or gait speed, and thus no increased implicit learning advantage with the addition of error-based recalibration for young, unimpaired adults. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: July 10, 2023

2023 article

The influence of induced gait asymmetry on joint reaction forces

McCain, E. M., Dalman, M. J., Berno, M. E., Libera, T. L., Lewek, M. D., Sawicki, G. S., & Saul, K. R. (2023, April 17). Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 153.

By: E. McCain*, M. Dalman n, M. Berno n, T. Libera  n, M. Lewek*, G. Sawicki*, K. Saul n 

author keywords: Musculoskeletal modeling; Simulation; Joint restriction; Joint reaction force
MeSH headings : Humans; Gait / physiology; Knee Joint / physiology; Lower Extremity / physiology; Knee; Walking / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena
topics (OpenAlex): Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation; Sports injuries and prevention
TL;DR: While joint restriction results in increased limb loading, reductions in muscle forces counteract changes in limb loading such that JRFs were relatively unchanged, similar to other JRFs investigated. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: June 12, 2023

2022 article

A simplified model for whole-body angular momentum calculation

Liu, M., Naseri, A., Lee, I.-C., Hu, X., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. (2022, December 19). Medical Engineering & Physics, Vol. 111.

By: M. Liu n , A. Naseri n, I. Lee n, X. Hu n, M. Lewek n & H. Huang n 

Contributors: M. Liu n , A. Naseri n, I. Lee n, X. Hu n, M. Lewek n & H. Huang n 

author keywords: Angular momentum; Gait stability; Wearable system; Rigid body model
MeSH headings : Humans; Biomechanical Phenomena; Gait; Lower Extremity; Amputation, Surgical; Motion
topics (OpenAlex): Spaceflight effects on biology; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention; Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
TL;DR: This study developed a simplified rigid body model by merging connected body segments to reduce the number of body segments, which need to be monitored, and demonstrated that the Lbody could be estimated by a seven-segment model accurately for both people with and without lower extremity amputation. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 27, 2023

2022 article

Human-prosthesis cooperation: combining adaptive prosthesis control with visual feedback guided gait

Fylstra, B. L., Lee, I.-C., Li, M., Lewek, M. D., & Huang, H. (2022, December 14). Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, Vol. 19.

By: B. Fylstra  n, I. Lee n, M. Li  n, M. Lewek* & H. Huang* 

Contributors: B. Fylstra  n, I. Lee n, M. Li  n, M. Lewek* & H. Huang* 

author keywords: Human-in-the-loop optimization; Transfemoral amputee; Powered prosthesis tuning; Visual feedback; Gait
MeSH headings : Humans; Feedback, Sensory; Gait; Artificial Limbs; Walking; Biomechanical Phenomena; Prosthesis Design; Amputees
topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Robot Manipulation and Learning
TL;DR: Novel insights are provided on human-prosthesis interaction when cooperating in walking which may guide the future successful adoption of this paradigm in prosthesis control personalization or human-in-the-loop optimization to improve the prosthesis user’s gait performance. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: January 3, 2023

2022 article

Quantifying mechanical and metabolic interdependence between speed and propulsive force during walking

Pimentel, R. E., Feldman, J. N., Lewek, M. D., & Franz, J. R. (2022, September 9). Frontiers in Sports and Active Living.

By: R. Pimentel*, J. Feldman*, M. Lewek* & J. Franz*

author keywords: gait; locomotion; treadmill; walking economy; energy expenditure; push-off
topics (OpenAlex): Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention; Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Muscle activation and electromyography studies
TL;DR: Empirical data is provided in support of an interdependent relation between propulsive force (FP) and walking speed, building confidence that interventions designed to increase FP will translate to improved walking speed. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: October 3, 2022

2022 article

Toward Safe Wearer-Prosthesis Interaction: Evaluation of Gait Stability and Human Compensation Strategy Under Faults in Robotic Transfemoral Prostheses

Lee, I.-C., Liu, M., Lewek, M. D., Hu, X., Filer, W. G., & Huang, H. (2022, January 1). IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, Vol. 30, pp. 2773–2782.

By: I. Lee n, M. Liu n , M. Lewek*, X. Hu n, W. Filer * & H. Huang n 

Contributors: I. Lee n, M. Liu n , M. Lewek*, X. Hu n, W. Filer * & H. Huang n 

author keywords: Prosthetics; Robots; Knee; Legged locomotion; IP networks; Impedance; Training; Gait stability; machine fault; powered knee prosthesis; transfemoral amputee; user-prosthesis interaction
MeSH headings : Amputees; Artificial Limbs; Biomechanical Phenomena; Gait; Humans; Prosthesis Design; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Robotics; Walking
topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
TL;DR: The results showed that the error tolerable bound is dependent on the gait phase and the direction of torque change, and may assist the future design of an auto-tuning algorithm, volitionally-controlled powered prosthetic legs, and training of gait stability. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: October 31, 2022

2021 article

Isolating the energetic and mechanical consequences of imposed reductions in ankle and knee flexion during gait

McCain, E. M., Libera, T. L., Berno, M. E., Sawicki, G. S., Saul, K. R., & Lewek, M. D. (2021, February 1). Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, Vol. 18.

By: E. McCain n, T. Libera  n, M. Berno n, G. Sawicki*, K. Saul n  & M. Lewek*

Contributors: E. McCain n, T. Libera  n, M. Berno n, G. Sawicki*, K. Saul n  & M. Lewek*

author keywords: Biomechanics; Gait; Ankle; Knee; Metabolic cost
MeSH headings : Adaptation, Physiological / physiology; Adult; Ankle; Ankle Joint / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Gait / physiology; Humans; Knee Joint / physiology; Male; Range of Motion, Articular / physiology; Walking; Young Adult
topics (OpenAlex): Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
TL;DR: As expected, reduced ankle motion, either without ( restricted-ank) or in addition to knee restriction (restricted-a + k) yielded significant increase in net metabolic rate when compared with the braced condition, and the relative increase in metabolic cost was significantly larger with restricted-a'+’k when compared to restricted-knee condition. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: March 15, 2021

2021 article

Reduced joint motion supersedes asymmetry in explaining increased metabolic demand during walking with mechanical restriction

McCain, E. M., Berno, M. E., Libera, T. L., Lewek, M. D., Sawicki, G. S., & Saul, K. R. (2021, July 9). Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 126.

By: E. McCain n, M. Berno n, T. Libera  n, M. Lewek*, G. Sawicki* & K. Saul n 

Contributors: E. McCain n, M. Berno n, T. Libera  n, M. Lewek*, G. Sawicki* & K. Saul n 

author keywords: Gait; Asymmetry; Metabolic cost; Degrees of freedom; Joint restriction
MeSH headings : Ankle Joint; Biomechanical Phenomena; Gait; Humans; Knee Joint; Walking
topics (OpenAlex): Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
TL;DR: The results emphasize symmetry is not by definition metabolically optimal, indicate that the mechanics underlying symmetry are meaningful, and suggest that available degrees of freedom should be considered in designing future interventions. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 12, 2021

2020 article

Effects of Horizontal Impeding Force Gait Training on Older Adult Push-Off Intensity

CONWAY, K. A. T. I. E. A., CRUDUP, K. E. Y. A. I. R. A. L., LEWEK, M. I. C. H. A. E. L. D., & FRANZ, J. A. S. O. N. R. (2020, August 21). Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.

By: K. Conway n, K. Crudup n, M. Lewek* & J. Franz n

author keywords: FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE; GAIT BIOMECHANICS; REHABILITATION; EXERCISE
MeSH headings : Aged; Aging / physiology; Ankle; Ankle Joint / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena / physiology; Energy Transfer; Equipment Design; Female; Gait / physiology; Heart Rate / physiology; Humans; Male; Muscle Strength / physiology; Preliminary Data; Resistance Training / instrumentation; Resistance Training / methods; Tendons / physiology; Treatment Outcome; Walking / physiology; Walking Speed / physiology
topics (OpenAlex): Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention; Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Muscle activation and electromyography studies
TL;DR: It is concluded that the use of horizontal impeding forces in older adults improves their maximum muscular and walking capacities while encouraging access to newfound strength gains, thereby improving habitual push-off intensity during walking. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: March 15, 2021

2020 article

Gradually learning to increase gait propulsion in young unimpaired adults

Herrero, L., Franz, J. R., & Lewek, M. D. (2020, December 18). Human Movement Science.

By: L. Herrero n, J. Franz n & M. Lewek*

author keywords: Gait; Propulsion; Motor learning; Implicit; Explicit
MeSH headings : Adolescent; Adult; Ankle / physiology; Ankle Joint / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena; Extremities; Feedback, Sensory / physiology; Female; Gait / physiology; Gait Disorders, Neurologic / physiopathology; Humans; Learning / physiology; Male; Stress, Mechanical; Walking; Young Adult
topics (OpenAlex): Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Motor Control and Adaptation
TL;DR: Test the effect of DVF of gait propulsion on the capacity to alter propulsive forces, and to determine the biomechanical determinants of propulsion to offer promise of translation to clinical populations with propulsion deficits. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: March 15, 2021

2020 article

These legs were made for propulsion: advancing the diagnosis and treatment of post-stroke propulsion deficits

Awad, L. N., Lewek, M. D., Kesar, T. M., Franz, J. R., & Bowden, M. G. (2020, October 21). Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.

By: L. Awad *, M. Lewek*, T. Kesar *, J. Franz n & M. Bowden *

author keywords: Propulsion; Locomotion; Walking; Rehabilitation; Diagnosis; Intervention; Sensors; Robotics
MeSH headings : Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Gait Disorders, Neurologic / physiopathology; Gait Disorders, Neurologic / rehabilitation; Humans; Leg / physiopathology; Locomotion / physiology; Male; Middle Aged; Paresis / etiology; Paresis / physiopathology; Paresis / rehabilitation; Stroke / complications; Stroke / physiopathology; Stroke Rehabilitation; Walking / physiology
topics (OpenAlex): Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
TL;DR: It is proposed that post-stroke rehabilitation should aim to promote independent walking, in part, through the acquisition of enhanced propulsion, and emerging diagnostic and treatment approaches that have the potential to facilitate new rehabilitation paradigms targeting propulsion restoration are discussed. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: November 16, 2020

2019 article

Can shank acceleration provide a clinically feasible surrogate for individual limb propulsion during walking?

Pieper, N. L., Lewek, M. D., & Franz, J. R. (2019, October 23). Journal of Biomechanics.

By: N. Pieper  n, M. Lewek* & J. Franz n

author keywords: Biomechanics; Ankle Power; Wearables; Accelerometers; Push-off
MeSH headings : Acceleration; Adult; Aging / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena; Extremities / physiology; Feasibility Studies; Female; Gait / physiology; Humans; Male; Mechanical Phenomena; Walking / physiology; Young Adult
topics (OpenAlex): Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention; Muscle activation and electromyography studies
TL;DR: The findings in young adults provide an early benchmark for the development of affordable and clinically feasible alternatives for assessing and monitoring trailing limb propulsion during walking. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: February 10, 2020

2019 article

Effects of extended powered knee prosthesis stance time via visual feedback on gait symmetry of individuals with unilateral amputation: a preliminary study

Brandt, A., Riddick, W., Stallrich, J., Lewek, M., & Huang, H. H. (2019, September 11). Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, Vol. 16.

By: A. Brandt n, W. Riddick, J. Stallrich n , M. Lewek* & H. Huang n 

Contributors: A. Brandt n, W. Riddick, J. Stallrich n , M. Lewek* & H. Huang n 

author keywords: Gait; Amputation; Visual Feedback; Rehabilitation; Knee Prosthesis
MeSH headings : Adult; Amputation, Surgical / rehabilitation; Amputees / rehabilitation; Biomechanical Phenomena; Feedback, Sensory; Female; Gait; Humans; Knee Prosthesis; Male; Middle Aged; Walking; Young Adult
topics (OpenAlex): Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
TL;DR: Increasing the amputated-limb stance time via visual feedback significantly improved the stance time symmetry and peak propulsion symmetry of individuals walking with both prostheses, and favorably improved individuals’ temporal and propulsive symmetry. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: September 30, 2019

2019 article

Mechanics and energetics of post-stroke walking aided by a powered ankle exoskeleton with speed-adaptive myoelectric control

McCain, E. M., Dick, T. J. M., Giest, T. N., Nuckols, R. W., Lewek, M. D., Saul, K. R., & Sawicki, G. S. (2019, May 15). Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, Vol. 16.

By: E. McCain n, T. Dick *, T. Giest n, R. Nuckols *, M. Lewek*, K. Saul n , G. Sawicki*

Contributors: E. McCain n, T. Dick *, T. Giest n, R. Nuckols *, M. Lewek*, K. Saul n , G. Sawicki*

author keywords: Ankle mechanics; Exoskeleton; Trailing limb angle; Propulsion; Myoelectric control; Electromyography; Metabolic cost; Hemiparesis; Stroke rehabilitation; Walking
MeSH headings : Adult; Ankle Joint / physiology; Biomechanical Phenomena / physiology; Electromyography / methods; Exoskeleton Device; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stroke Rehabilitation / instrumentation; Walking / physiology; Walking Speed / physiology
topics (OpenAlex): Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery; Muscle activation and electromyography studies; Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
TL;DR: The results suggest that despite appropriate scaling of ankle assistance by the exoskeleton controller, suboptimal limb posture limited the conversion of exoskeletons assistance into forward propulsion. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: June 4, 2019

Citation Index includes data from a number of different sources. If you have questions about the sources of data in the Citation Index or need a set of data which is free to re-distribute, please contact us.

Certain data included herein are derived from the Web of Science© and InCites© (2026) of Clarivate Analytics. All rights reserved. You may not copy or re-distribute this material in whole or in part without the prior written consent of Clarivate Analytics.