@article{lynch_kelliher_anderson_japit_spencer_rizvi_sarac_augustyn_tracy_2021, title={Sulfidation and selenidation of nickel nanoparticles}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2637-9368"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.83}, DOI={10.1002/cey2.83}, abstractNote={Abstract Transition metal chalcogenide nanoparticles (NPs) are of interest for energy applications, including batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalysis. Many methods have been established for synthesizing Ni NPs, and conversion chemistry to form Ni oxide and phosphides from template Ni NPs is well‐understood. Sulfidation and selenidation of Ni NPs have been much less explored, however. We report a method for the conversion of Ni template NPs into sulfide and selenide product NPs using elemental sulfur, 1‐hexadecanthiol, thiourea, trioctylphosphine sulfide, elemental selenium, and selenourea. While maintaining mole ratios of 2 mmol sulfur/selenium precursor: mmol Ni, products with phases of Ni 3 S 2 , Ni 9 S 8 , NiS, NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O, Ni 3 S 4 , Ni 3 Se 2 , and NiSe have been obtained. The products have voids that form through the Kirkendall effect during interdiffusion. Trends relating the chemical properties of the precursors to the phases of the products have been identified. While some precursors contained phosphorus, there was no significant incorporation of phosphorus in any of the products. An increase of the NP size during sulfidation and selenidation is consistent with ripening. The application of Ni sulfide and selenide NPs as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction is also demonstrated.}, number={4}, journal={CARBON ENERGY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lynch, Brian B. and Kelliher, Andrew P. and Anderson, Bryan D. and Japit, Alexander and Spencer, Michael A. and Rizvi, Mehedi H. and Sarac, Mehmet F. and Augustyn, Veronica and Tracy, Joseph B.}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={582–589} }
 @article{sarac_wu_tracy_2014, title={Control of Branching in Ni3C1-x Nanoparticles and Their Conversion into Ni12P5 Nanoparticles}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1520-5002"]}, url={http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000336637000006&KeyUID=WOS:000336637000006}, DOI={10.1021/cm4034353}, abstractNote={Dendritic Ni3C1–x nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled branching have been synthesized through the thermolysis (230 °C) of nickel acetylacetonate using oleylamine as a reducing agent and 1-octadecene (ODE) as the solvent. Addition of trioctylphosphine (TOP) as a ligand inhibits formation of dendritic shapes and prevents incorporation of C, resulting in spherical Ni NPs. In comparison, when using octadecane (ODA) or trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as the solvent, Ni NPs are obtained at 230 °C that have fewer, larger branches than when using ODE. Higher temperatures are required for incorporation of C from ODA or TOPO into Ni NPs, resulting in Ni3C1–x NPs. Therefore, the allyl group in ODE facilitates formation of Ni3C1–x NPs at lower temperatures. Conversion of dendritic Ni3C1–x NPs into Ni12P5 NPs after adding TOP and heating to 300 °C results in the formation of multiple voids in the branches, rather than yolk-in-shell structures or unfilled single voids observed for spherical NPs.}, number={10}, journal={CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS}, author={Sarac, Mehmet F. and Wu, Wei-Chen and Tracy, Joseph B.}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={3057–3064} }
 @article{sarac_anderson_pearce_railsback_oni_white_hensley_lebeau_melechko_tracy_2013, title={Airbrushed Nickel Nanoparticles for Large-Area Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers on Metal (Al, Cu, Ti) Surfaces}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1944-8244"]}, url={http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000330016500022&KeyUID=WOS:000330016500022}, DOI={10.1021/am401889t}, abstractNote={Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) were grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using Ni nanoparticle (NP) catalysts that were deposited by airbrushing onto Si, Al, Cu, and Ti substrates. Airbrushing is a simple method for depositing catalyst NPs over large areas that is compatible with roll-to-roll processing. The distribution and morphology of VACNFs are affected by the airbrushing parameters and the composition of the metal foil. Highly concentrated Ni NPs in heptane give more uniform distributions than pentane and hexanes, resulting in more uniform coverage of VACNFs. For VACNF growth on metal foils, Si micropowder was added as a precursor for Si-enriched coatings formed in situ on the VACNFs that impart mechanical rigidity. Interactions between the catalyst NPs and the metal substrates impart control over the VACNF morphology. Growth of carbon nanostructures on Cu is particularly noteworthy because the miscibility of Ni with Cu poses challenges for VACNF growth, and carbon nanostructures anchored to Cu substrates are desired as anode materials for Li-ion batteries and for thermal interface materials.}, number={18}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Sarac, Mehmet F. and Anderson, Bryan D. and Pearce, Ryan C. and Railsback, Justin G. and Oni, Adedapo A. and White, Ryan M. and Hensley, Dale K. and LeBeau, James M. and Melechko, Anatoli V. and Tracy, Joseph B.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={8955–8960} }
 @article{pearce_railsback_anderson_sarac_mcknight_tracy_melechko_2013, title={Transfer of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers to Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) While Maintaining their Alignment and Impalefection Functionality}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1944-8252"]}, url={http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000315079700055&KeyUID=WOS:000315079700055}, DOI={10.1021/am302501z}, abstractNote={Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) are synthesized on Al 3003 alloy substrates by direct current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Chemically synthesized Ni nanoparticles were used as the catalyst for growth. The Si-containing coating (SiN(x)) typically created when VACNFs are grown on silicon was produced by adding Si microparticles prior to growth. The fiber arrays were transferred to PDMS by spin coating a layer on the grown substrates, curing the PDMS, and etching away the Al in KOH. The fiber arrays contain many fibers over 15 μm (long enough to protrude from the PDMS film and penetrate cell membranes) and SiN(x) coatings as observed by SEM, EDX, and fluorescence microscopy. The free-standing array in PDMS was loaded with pVENUS-C1 plasmid and human brain microcapillary endothelial (HBMEC) cells and was successfully impalefected.}, number={3}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Pearce, Ryan C. and Railsback, Justin G. and Anderson, Bryan D. and Sarac, Mehmet F. and McKnight, Timothy E. and Tracy, Joseph B. and Melechko, Anatoli V.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={878–882} }