@article{minas_reighard_black_cline_chavez_coneva_lang_parker_robinson_schupp_et al._2022, title={Establishment performance of the 2017 NC-140 vigor-limiting peach rootstock trial across ten sites in North America}, volume={1346}, ISSN={["2406-6168"]}, DOI={10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1346.84}, journal={XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS}, author={Minas, I. S. and Reighard, G. L. and Black, B. and Cline, J. A. and Chavez, D. J. and Coneva, E. and Lang, G. A. and Parker, M. and Robinson, T. L. and Schupp, J. and et al.}, year={2022}, pages={669–675} }
 @article{frene_frazier_liu_clark_parker_gardner_2021, title={Early Effect of Pine Biochar on Peach-Tree Planting on Microbial Community Composition and Enzymatic Activity}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2076-3417"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041473}, DOI={10.3390/app11041473}, abstractNote={Biochar offers several benefits as a soil amendment, including increased soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and water-holding capacity in nutrient-poor soils. In this study, soil samples with and without biochar additives were collected for two consecutive years from an experimental field plot to examine its effect on the microbial community structure and functions in sandy soils under peach-trees (Prunus persica). The four treatments evaluated consisted of two different rates of biochar incorporated into the soil (5%, and 10%, v/v), one “dynamic” surface application of biochar, and a 0% biochar control. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis was used to assess the microbial community structure, and enzyme activities involved in C, N, P, and S nutrient cycling were used as a means of assessing soil functionality. Total FAME and bacterial indicators increased by 18% and 12%, respectively, in the 10% incorporated and 5% surface applied treatments. Biochar applications increased β-glucosaminidase and arylsulfatase activities, 5–30% and 12–46%, respectively. β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities decreased by approximately 18–35% and 5–22% in the 0–15 cm soils. The overall results suggest that biochar’s addition to the sandy soils stimulated microbial activity, contributing to the increased mean weight diameter (MWD), C sequestration, and consequential soil health. The changes in microbial community structure and functions may be useful predictors of modifications in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics due to the long-term application of pine biochar in these systems.}, number={4}, journal={APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL}, author={Frene, Juan Pablo and Frazier, Mattie and Liu, Shuang and Clark, Bernadette and Parker, Michael and Gardner, Terrence}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{fisk_parker_mitchem_2015, title={Vegetation-free width and irrigation impact peach tree growth, fruit yield, fruit size, and incidence of hemipteran insect damage}, volume={50}, number={5}, journal={HortScience}, author={Fisk, C. L. and Parker, M. L. and Mitchem, W.}, year={2015}, pages={699–704} }
 @inproceedings{parker_hoyt_clark_2014, title={Evaluating apple replant strategies in the Southeastern United States}, volume={1058}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1058.84}, booktitle={X international symposium on integrating canopy, rootstock and environmental physiology in orchard systems}, author={Parker, M. L. and Hoyt, T. and Clark, B.}, year={2014}, pages={645–650} }
 @article{brown_yousef_guzman_chebrolu_werner_parker_gasic_perkins-veazie_2014, title={Variation of carotenoids and polyphenolics in peach and implications on breeding for modified phytochemical profiles}, volume={139}, number={6}, journal={Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science}, author={Brown, A. F. and Yousef, G. G. and Guzman, I. and Chebrolu, K. K. and Werner, D. J. and Parker, M. and Gasic, K. and Perkins-Veazie, P.}, year={2014}, pages={676–686} }
 @article{parker_clark_campbell_2012, title={Abscisic Acid Applications in Peach}, volume={962}, ISSN={["0567-7572"]}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2012.962.55}, journal={VII INTERNATIONAL PEACH SYMPOSIUM}, author={Parker, M. L. and Clark, M. B. and Campbell, C.}, year={2012}, pages={403–409} }
 @inproceedings{parker_blankenship_2012, title={Postharvest response of peach and nectarine cultivars to 1-methylcyclopropene treatment}, volume={962}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2012.962.74}, abstractNote={With the registration of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) in the USA and large scale use on apples, the question was posed of how effective the product would be in maintaining the flesh firmness of tree ripened peaches. In NC where peaches are sold primarily through retail outlets immediately after harvest, high quality tree-ripened peaches are expected. However, to meet this expectation peaches are picked at a more advanced stage of maturity and they are softer with a reduced shelf life. Six peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) cultivars and one nectarine cultivar were harvested at tree-ripe maturity. The cultivars were selected to represent a range of maturity from early to late season. The cultivars included in this study were: 'Candor', 'Goldprince', 'Carolina Red', 'Redhaven', 'Contender', 'China Pearl', and 'Big Red'. After harvest the fruit were cooled overnight to remove field heat and then treated with 1-MCP for 24 h at 5°C. After treatment with one µL/L 1-MCP the fruit were held at 21°C for up to 8 days to simulate retail and consumer conditions after purchase. Treatment with 1-MCP resulted in fruit with higher flesh firmness, particularly during the first 5 days at 21°C, compared to untreated fruit. Treated fruit were significantly firmer than the untreated fruit after approximately seven days, but this was somewhat dependent on harvest maturity. On fruit harvested at a later stage of maturity that had significantly softened, 1-MCP had little effect. One µl/L reduced the respiration rate of the fruit. Effect on soluble solid concentration was not consistent. It was concluded that use of 1-MCP would allow a tree-ripened peach to maintain slightly greater flesh firmness for a longer period of time when held under room temperature conditions. However, the commercial economics of this treatment need to be determined.}, booktitle={Vii international peach symposium}, author={Parker, M. L. and Blankenship, S. M.}, year={2012}, pages={549–555} }
 @article{hoover_marini_tepe_autio_biggs_clements_crassweller_foster_foster_hirst_et al._2012, title={eApples: A case study in using eXtension to increase access to research-based information}, volume={22}, number={5}, journal={HortTechnology}, author={Hoover, E. E. and Marini, R. P. and Tepe, E. and Autio, W. R. and Biggs, A. R. and Clements, J. M. and Crassweller, R. M. and Foster, D. D. and Foster, M. J. and Hirst, P. M. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={576–579} }
 @article{mcartney_parker_obermiller_hoyt_2011, title={Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene on firmness loss and the development of rots in apple fruit kept in farm markets or at elevated temperatures}, volume={21}, number={4}, journal={HortTechnology}, author={McArtney, S. and Parker, M. and Obermiller, J. and Hoyt, T.}, year={2011}, pages={494–499} }
 @article{mcartney_obermiller_hoyt_parker_2009, title={'Law Rome' and 'Golden Delicious' apples differ in their response to preharvest and postharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene treatment combinations}, volume={44}, number={6}, journal={HortScience}, author={McArtney, S. J. and Obermiller, J. D. and Hoyt, T. and Parker, M. L.}, year={2009}, pages={1632–1636} }
 @article{mcartney_obermiller_schupp_parker_edgington_2008, title={Preharvest 1-methyl cyclopropene delays fruit maturity and reduces softening and superficial scald of apples during long-term storage}, volume={43}, number={2}, journal={HortScience}, author={McArtney, S. J. and Obermiller, J. D. and Schupp, J. R. and Parker, M. L. and Edgington, T. B.}, year={2008}, pages={366–371} }
 @article{macrae_mitchem_monks_parker_galloway_2007, title={Tree growth, fruit size, and yield response of mature peach to weed-free intervals}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1550-2740"]}, DOI={10.1614/WT-06-002.1}, abstractNote={An experiment was conducted at one location in 1999 and two locations in 2000 to determine the critical weed-free period for peach in North Carolina. The cultivars for the three locations were ‘Contender’, ‘Norman’, and ‘Summerprince’. Weed-free intervals of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wk after peach tree bloom were established. Paraquat at 1.1 kg ai/ha plus nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v was applied every 10 d, after treatments were initiated at peach bloom, to maintain weed-free plots. Large crabgrass, hairy vetch, and smooth crabgrass were the primary weeds in Contender. Horseweed, smooth crabgrass, and large crabgrass were the primary weeds in Norman. Bermudagrass, smooth pigweed, and common lambsquarters were the primary weeds in Summerprince. No differences in trunk cross-sectional area were observed between the weed-free periods. Maintaining the orchard floor weed-free for 12 wk after peach tree bloom resulted in the greatest fruit size (individual fruit weight and diameter), total yield, and fruit number.}, number={1}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={MacRae, Andrew W. and Mitchem, Wayne E. and Monks, David W. and Parker, Michael L. and Galloway, Roger K.}, year={2007}, pages={102–105} }
 @article{macrae_mitchem_monks_parker_2005, title={White clover (Trifolium repens) control and flower head suppression in apple orchards}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1550-2740"]}, DOI={10.1614/WT-02-024}, abstractNote={White clover is a weed in apple orchards that competes with the crop; also, flowers of this weed are unwanted attractants of honey bees at times when insecticides, which are harmful to these pollinators, are being applied. In 1997 and 1998, white clover flower head and plant control by clopyralid alone and with 2,4-D and apple tolerance to these herbicides were determined. Treatments consisted of clopyralid at 0.10 and 0.21 kg ae/ha, 2,4-D at 1.1 kg ae/ha, and 2,4-D at 1.1 kg ae/ha plus 0.03 or 0.05 kg ae/ha clopyralid, which were applied 2 wk before full apple bloom and 2 wk after full apple bloom, and a nontreated check. No crop injury occurred with any treatment. All herbicide treatments provided some white clover control and flower head suppression. No differences in white clover bloom reduction were observed through May among treatments containing clopyralid. As summer progressed, the effect of clopyralid rate became more apparent. Clopyralid at 0.21, regardless of application time, provided 99% vegetative control and 100% flower head reduction through July. Clopyralid plus 2,4-D controlled white clover better than 2,4-D alone. However, vegetative control and flower head reduction with clopyralid at reduced rates (0.03 or 0.05 kg ae/ha) plus 2,4-D were not acceptable (76% or less and 78% or less, respectively). Thus, clopyralid at 0.10 and 0.21 kg ae/ha will be necessary for acceptable white clover vegetation control and flower head reduction.}, number={2}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={MacRae, AW and Mitchem, WE and Monks, DW and Parker, ML}, year={2005}, pages={219–223} }
 @article{marini_parker_barden_unrath_2003, title={The effect of eight dwarf rootstocks on burrknot development on 'gala' apple trees at two locations}, volume={57}, number={2}, journal={Journal American Pomological Society}, author={Marini, R. P. and Parker, M. L. and Barden, J. A. and Unrath, C. R.}, year={2003}, pages={93–96} }
 @article{barden_cline_kushad_parker_2002, title={Various measures of tree vigor, yield, and yield efficiency of apple trees in the 1990 NC-140 systems trial as influenced by location, cultivar, and orchard system}, volume={56}, number={4}, journal={Journal American Pomological Society}, author={Barden, J. A. and Cline, J. A. and Kushad, M. M. and Parker, M. L.}, year={2002}, pages={208–214} }
 @article{reighard_parker_krewer_beckman_wood_smith_whiddon_2001, title={Impact of hurricanes on peach and pecan orchards in the southeastern United States}, volume={36}, number={2}, journal={HortScience}, author={Reighard, G. L. and Parker, M. L. and Krewer, G. W. and Beckman, T. G. and Wood, B. W. and Smith, J. E. and Whiddon, J.}, year={2001}, pages={250–252} }
 @article{nyczepir_bertrand_parker_meyer_zehr_1998, title={Interplanting Wheat Is Not an Effective Postplant Management Tactic for Criconemella xenoplaxin Peach Production}, volume={82}, ISSN={0191-2917}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.5.573}, DOI={10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.5.573}, abstractNote={ In two orchard experiments, interplanting wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Stacy) around either newly planted or 4-year-old well-established peach trees did not suppress (P ≤ 0.05) the population density of the ring nematode, Criconemella xenoplax, after 3 years. Furthermore, inter-planting wheat around newly planted trees reduced tree growth, perhaps the result of competition for water and (or) nutrients. Wheat root exudate was not as attractive to C. xenoplax as peach root exudate, but wheat root exudate did not repel the nematode either. Stacy wheat appeared to be more beneficial as a preplant rather than as a postplant ground cover management tool for suppressing the population density of C. xenoplax. }, number={5}, journal={Plant Disease}, publisher={Scientific Societies}, author={Nyczepir, A. P. and Bertrand, P. F. and Parker, M. L. and Meyer, J. R. and Zehr, E. I.}, year={1998}, month={May}, pages={573–577} }
 @article{parker_1997, title={Apple high density management techniques}, volume={30}, journal={Compact Fruit Tree}, author={Parker, M. L.}, year={1997}, pages={48} }
 @article{blankenship_parker_unrath_1997, title={Use of maturity indices for predicting poststorage firmness of 'Fuji' apples}, volume={32}, number={5}, journal={HortScience}, author={Blankenship, S. M. and Parker, M. L. and Unrath, C. R.}, year={1997}, pages={909–910} }
 @article{parker_meyer_1996, title={Peach tree vegetative and root growth respond to orchard floor management}, volume={31}, number={3}, journal={HortScience}, author={Parker, M. L. and Meyer, J. R.}, year={1996}, pages={330} }
 @article{parker_young_1995, title={Evaluation of apple tree training techniques for higher density orchards}, volume={28}, journal={Compact Fruit Tree}, author={Parker, M. L. and Young, E.}, year={1995}, pages={31} }
 @article{parker_young_1995, title={Leader management and soil fumigation affect branching and precocity of young apple trees}, volume={30}, number={6}, journal={HortScience}, author={Parker, M. L. and Young, E.}, year={1995}, pages={1193} }
 @article{parker_1995, title={The North Carolina apple industry}, volume={28}, journal={Compact Fruit Tree}, author={Parker, M. L.}, year={1995}, pages={154} }
 @article{parker_hull_1993, title={Orchard floor management affects cherry tree growth and moisture utilization}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.1993.347.23}, number={347}, journal={Acta Horticulturae}, author={Parker, M. L. and Hull, J.}, year={1993}, pages={201} }