@article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2024, title={Exotic Dark Matter Search with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={132}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.041001}, abstractNote={With excellent energy resolution and ultralow-level radiogenic backgrounds, the high-purity germanium detectors in the Majorana Demonstrator enable searches for several classes of exotic dark matter (DM) models. In this work, we report new experimental limits on keV-scale sterile neutrino DM via the transition magnetic moment from conversion to active neutrinos νs→νa. We report new limits on fermionic dark matter absorption (χ+A→ν+A) and sub-GeV DM-nucleus 3→2 scattering (χ+χ+A→ϕ+A), and new exclusion limits for bosonic dark matter (axionlike particles and dark photons). These searches utilize the (1–100)-keV low-energy region of a 37.5-kg y exposure collected by the Demonstrator between May 2016 and November 2019 using a set of Ge76-enriched detectors whose surface exposure time was carefully controlled, resulting in extremely low levels of cosmogenic activation.Received 23 June 2022Revised 8 September 2023Accepted 9 November 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.041001Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasMagnetic momentParticle dark matterPhysical SystemsSolid-state detectorsSterile neutrinosWeakly interacting massive particlesTechniquesDark matter detectorsRadiation detectorsNuclear PhysicsParticles & Fields}, number={4}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2023, title={Charge trapping correction and energy performance of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={107}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.107.045503}, abstractNote={P-type point contact (PPC) high-purity germanium detectors are an important technology in astroparticle and nuclear physics due to their superb energy resolution, low noise, and pulse shape discrimination capabilities. Analysis of data from the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, a neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment deploying PPC detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge, has led to several novel improvements in the analysis of PPC signals. In this work we discuss charge trapping in PPC detectors and its effect on energy resolution. Small dislocations or impurities in the crystal lattice result in trapping of charge carriers from an ionization event of interest, attenuating the signal and degrading the measured energy. We present a modified digital pole-zero correction to the signal energy estimation that counters the effects of charge trapping and improves the energy resolution of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR by approximately 30% to around 2.4 keV FWHM at 2039 keV, the $^{76}$Ge $Q$-value. An alternative approach achieving similar resolution enhancement is also presented.}, number={4}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2023, title={Constraints on the Decay of <SUP>180m</SUP>Ta}, volume={131}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.152501}, abstractNote={^{180m}Ta is a rare nuclear isomer whose decay has never been observed. Its remarkably long lifetime surpasses the half-lives of all other known β and electron capture decays due to the large K-spin differences and small energy differences between the isomeric and lower-energy states. Detecting its decay presents a significant experimental challenge but could shed light on neutrino-induced nucleosynthesis mechanisms, the nature of dark matter, and K-spin violation. For this study, we repurposed the Majorana Demonstrator, an experimental search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of ^{76}Ge using an array of high-purity germanium detectors, to search for the decay of ^{180m}Ta. More than 17 kg, the largest amount of tantalum metal ever used for such a search, was installed within the ultralow-background detector array. In this Letter, we present results from the first year of Ta data taking and provide an updated limit for the ^{180m}Ta half-life on the different decay channels. With new limits up to 1.5×10^{19}  yr, we improved existing limits by 1-2 orders of magnitude which are the most sensitive searches for a single β and electron capture decay ever achieved. Over all channels, the decay can be excluded for T_{1/2}<0.29×10^{18}  yr.}, number={15}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2023, title={Energy calibration of germanium detectors for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1748-0221"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/18/09/P09023}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_bock_bolozdynya_et al._2023, title={First Probe of Sub-GeV Dark Matter beyond the Cosmological Expectation with the COHERENT CsI Detector at the SNS}, volume={130}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.051803}, abstractNote={The COHERENT Collaboration searched for scalar dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source with masses between 1 and 220  MeV/c^{2} using a CsI[Na] scintillation detector sensitive to nuclear recoils above 9  keV_{nr}. No evidence for dark matter is found and we thus place limits on allowed parameter space. With this low-threshold detector, we are sensitive to coherent elastic scattering between dark matter and nuclei. The cross section for this process is orders of magnitude higher than for other processes historically used for accelerator-based direct-detection searches so that our small, 14.6 kg detector significantly improves on past constraints. At peak sensitivity, we reject the flux consistent with the cosmologically observed dark-matter concentration for all coupling constants α_{D}<0.64, assuming a scalar dark-matter particle. We also calculate the sensitivity of future COHERENT detectors to dark-matter signals which will ambitiously test multiple dark-matter spin scenarios.}, number={5}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bernardi, I. and Blackston, M. A. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone iii_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2023, title={Interpretable boosted-decision-tree analysis for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={107}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.107.014321}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is a leading experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay with high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors. Machine learning provides a new way to maximize the amount of information provided by these detectors, but the data-driven nature makes it less interpretable compared to traditional analysis. An interpretability study reveals the machine's decision-making logic, allowing us to learn from the machine to feed back to the traditional analysis. In this work, we present the first machine learning analysis of the data from the Majorana Demonstrator; this is also the first interpretable machine learning analysis of any germanium detector experiment. Two gradient boosted decision tree models are trained to learn from the data, and a game-theory-based model interpretability study is conducted to understand the origin of the classification power. By learning from data, this analysis recognizes the correlations among reconstruction parameters to further enhance the background rejection performance. By learning from the machine, this analysis reveals the importance of new background categories to reciprocally benefit the standard Majorana analysis. This model is highly compatible with next-generation germanium detector experiments like LEGEND since it can be simultaneously trained on a large number of detectors.}, number={1}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone III, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_bock_bolozdynya_bouabid_brown_et al._2023, title={Measurement of Electron-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on <SUP>127</SUP>I with the COHERENT NaIνE Detector}, volume={131}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.221801}, abstractNote={Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ^{127}I with pion decay-at-rest neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy (≤50  MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos of 9.2_{-1.8}^{+2.1}×10^{-40}  cm^{2}. This corresponds to a value that is ∼41% lower than predicted using the MARLEY event generator with a measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution. In addition, the observed visible spectrum from charged-current scattering on ^{127}I has been measured between 10 and 55 MeV, and the exclusive zero-neutron and one-or-more-neutron emission cross sections are measured to be 5.2_{-3.1}^{+3.4}×10^{-40} and 2.2_{-0.5}^{+0.4}×10^{-40}  cm^{2}, respectively.}, number={22}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bernardi, I. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and Bouabid, R. and Brown, A. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_bock_bolozdynya_et al._2022, title={COHERENT constraint on leptophobic dark matter using CsI data}, volume={106}, ISSN={["2470-0029"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevD.106.052004}, abstractNote={We use data from the COHERENT CsI[Na] scintillation detector to constrain sub-GeV leptophobic dark matter models. This detector was built to observe low-energy nuclear recoils from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. These capabilities enable searches for dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source mediated by a vector portal particle with masses between 2 and 400 MeV/c 2 . No evidence for dark matter is observed and a limit on the mediator coupling to quarks is placed. This constraint improves upon previous results by two orders of magnitude. This newly explored parameter space probes the region where the dark matter relic abundance is explained by leptophobic dark matter when the mediator mass is roughly twice the dark matter mass. COHERENT sets the best constraint on leptophobic dark matter at these masses.}, number={5}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW D}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bernardi, I. and Blackston, M. A. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2022, title={Experimental study of C-13(?, n)O-16 reactions in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration data}, volume={105}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.105.064610}, abstractNote={Neutron captures and delayed decays of reaction products are common sources of backgrounds in ultra-rare event searches. In this work, we studied 13 C( α, n ) 16 O reactions induced by α -particles emitted within the calibration sources of the Majorana Demonstrator . These sources are thorium-based calibration standards enclosed in carbon-rich materials. The reaction rate was estimated by using the 6129-keV γ -rays emitted from the excited 16 O states that are populated when the incoming α -particles exceed the reaction Q-value. Thanks to the excellent energy performance of the Demonstrator ’s germanium detectors, these characteristic photons can be clearly observed in the calibration data. Facilitated by Geant4 simulations, a comparison between the observed 6129-keV photon rates and predictions by a TALYS-based software was performed. The measurements and predictions were found to be consistent, albeit with large statistical uncertainties. This agreement provides support for background projections from ( α, n )-reactions in future double-beta decay search efforts.}, number={6}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_bock_bolozdynya_et al._2022, title={Measurement of the Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering Cross Section on CsI by COHERENT}, volume={129}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.081801}, abstractNote={We measured the cross section of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) using a CsI[Na] scintillating crystal in a high flux of neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. New data collected before detector decommissioning have more than doubled the dataset since the first observation of CEvNS, achieved with this detector. Systematic uncertainties have also been reduced with an updated quenching model, allowing for improved precision. With these analysis improvements, the COHERENT Collaboration determined the cross section to be (165_{-25}^{+30})×10^{-40}  cm^{2}, consistent with the standard model, giving the most precise measurement of CEvNS yet. The timing structure of the neutrino beam has been exploited to compare the CEvNS cross section from scattering of different neutrino flavors. This result places leading constraints on neutrino nonstandard interactions while testing lepton flavor universality and measures the weak mixing angle as sin^{2}θ_{W}=0.220_{-0.026}^{+0.028} at Q^{2}≈(50  MeV)^{2}.}, number={8}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bernardi, I. and Blackston, M. A. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_bock_bolozdynya_et al._2022, title={Monitoring the SNS basement neutron background with the MARS detector}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1748-0221"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/17/03/P03021}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Bernardi, I and Blackston, M. A. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2022, title={Search for Solar Axions via Axion-Photon Coupling with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={129}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.081803}, abstractNote={Axions were originally proposed to explain the strong-CP problem in QCD. Through axion-photon coupling, the Sun could be a major source of axions, which could be measured in solid state detection experiments with enhancements due to coherent Primakoff-Bragg scattering. The Majorana Demonstrator experiment has searched for solar axions with a set of ^{76}Ge-enriched high purity germanium detectors using a 33 kg-yr exposure collected between January, 2017 and November, 2019. A temporal-energy analysis gives a new limit on the axion-photon coupling as g_{aγ}<1.45×10^{-9}  GeV^{-1} (95% confidence level) for axions with mass up to 100  eV/c^{2}. This improves laboratory-based limits between about 1  eV/c^{2} and 100  eV/c^{2}.}, number={8}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bhimani_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2022, title={Search for Spontaneous Radiation from Wave Function Collapse in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={129}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.080401}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment comprises a 44 kg (30 kg enriched in 76Ge) array of p-type, point-contact germanium detectors. With its unprecedented energy resolution and ultralow backgrounds, Majorana also searches for rare event signatures from beyond standard model physics in the low energy region below 100 keV. In this Letter, we test the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) model, one of the mathematically well-motivated wave function collapse models aimed at solving the long-standing unresolved quantum mechanical measurement problem. While the CSL predicts the existence of a detectable radiation signature in the x-ray domain, we find no evidence of such radiation in the 19–100 keV range in a 37.5 kg-y enriched germanium exposure collected between December 31, 2015, and November 27, 2019, with the Demonstrator. We explored both the non-mass-proportional (n-m-p) and the mass-proportional (m-p) versions of the CSL with two different assumptions: that only the quasifree electrons can emit the x-ray radiation and that the nucleus can coherently emit an amplified radiation. In all cases, we set the most stringent upper limit to date for the white CSL model on the collapse rate, λ, providing a factor of 40–100 improvement in sensitivity over comparable searches. Our limit is the most stringent for large parts of the allowed parameter space. If the result is interpreted in terms of the Diòsi-Penrose gravitational wave function collapse model, the lower bound with a 95% confidence level is almost an order of magnitude improvement over the previous best limit.Received 2 February 2022Revised 14 June 2022Accepted 15 July 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.080401Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum foundationsQuantum measurementsQuantum-to-classical transitionTechniquesX-ray techniquesGeneral PhysicsParticles & Fields}, number={8}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bhimani, K. H. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2022, title={Signatures of muonic activation in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={105}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.105.014617}, abstractNote={I.J. Arnquist, F.T. Avignone III, 3 A.S. Barabash, C.J. Barton, F.E. Bertrand, E. Blalock, 7 B. Bos, 7 M. Busch, 7 M. Buuck, ∗ T.S. Caldwell, 7 Y-D. Chan, C.D. Christofferson, P.-H. Chu, M.L. Clark, 7 C. Cuesta, J.A. Detwiler, T.R. Edwards, 5 Yu. Efremenko, 3 H. Ejiri, S.R. Elliott, G.K. Giovanetti, M.P. Green, 7, 3 J. Gruszko, 7 I.S. Guinn, 7 V.E. Guiseppe, C.R. Haufe, 7 R. Henning, 7 D. Hervas Aguilar, 7 E.W. Hoppe, A. Hostiuc, M.F. Kidd, I. Kim, R.T. Kouzes, T.E. Lannen V, A.M. Lopez, J.M. López-Castaño, E.L. Martin, 7 R.D. Martin, R. Massarczyk, S.J. Meijer, S. Mertens, 21 T.K. Oli, G. Othman, 7 L.S. Paudel, W. Pettus, 23 A.W.P. Poon, D.C. Radford, A.L. Reine, 7 K. Rielage, N.W. Ruof, D. Tedeschi, R.L. Varner, S. Vasilyev, J.F. Wilkerson, 7, 3 C. Wiseman, W. Xu, C.-H. Yu, and B.X. Zhu †}, number={1}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_bock_bolozdynya_et al._2022, title={Simulating the neutrino flux from the Spallation Neutron Source for the COHERENT experiment}, volume={106}, ISSN={["2470-0029"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevD.106.032003}, abstractNote={The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Ridge National Laboratory is a pulsed source of neutrons and, as a byproduct of this operation, an intense source of pulsed neutrinos via stopped-pion decay. The COHERENT collaboration uses this source to investigate coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and other physics with a suite of detectors. This work includes a description of our Geant4 simulation of neutrino production at the SNS and the flux calculation which informs the COHERENT studies. We estimate the uncertainty of this calculation at ∼ 10% based on validation against available low-energy π + production data.}, number={3}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW D}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Bernardi, I and Blackston, M. A. and Bock, C. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{abgrall_amman_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_barton_bertrand_bhimani_bos_et al._2022, title={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR readout electronics system}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1748-0221"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/T05003}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION}, author={Abgrall, N. and Amman, M. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Barton, P. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bhimani, K. H. and Bos, B. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2022, title={alpha-event characterization and rejection in point-contact HPGe detectors}, volume={82}, ISSN={["1434-6052"]}, DOI={10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10161-y}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @article{abgrall_allmond_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bos_busch_buuck_et al._2021, title={ADC Nonlinearity Correction for the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={68}, ISSN={["1558-1578"]}, DOI={10.1109/TNS.2020.3043671}, abstractNote={Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the Majorana Demonstrator 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay search. Enabling the experiment’s high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearities. A simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data-taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearities by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay $Q$ value.}, number={3}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE}, author={Abgrall, N. and Allmond, J. M. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={359–367} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_blokland_bolozdynya_et al._2021, title={Development of a Kr-83m source for the calibration of the CENNS-10 liquid argon detector}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1748-0221"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/P04002}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Bernardi, I and Blackston, M. A. and Blokland, L. and Bolozdynya, A. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Apr} }
 @article{akimov_albert_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bernardi_blackston_blokland_et al._2021, title={First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon}, volume={126}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, url={https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.012002}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.012002}, abstractNote={We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer CEvNS over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than 3σ significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino flux, is (2.2±0.7)×10^{-39}  cm^{2}-consistent with the standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result, together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence of the CEvNS process and provides improved constraints on nonstandard neutrino interactions.}, number={1}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, publisher={American Physical Society}, author={Akimov, D. and Albert, J. B. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Bernardi, I and Blackston, M. A. and Blokland, L. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_blalock_bos_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2021, title={Search for double-beta decay of Ge-76 to excited states of Se-76 with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={103}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.103.015501}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is a neutrinoless double-beta decay search consisting of a low-background modular array of high-purity germanium detectors, $\sim2/3$ of which are enriched to 88\% in $^{76}$Ge. The experiment is also searching for double-beta decay of $^{76}$Ge to excited states (e.s.) in $^{76}$Se. $^{76}$Ge can decay into three daughter states of $^{76}$Se, with clear event signatures consisting of a $\beta\beta$-decay followed by the prompt emission of one or two $\gamma$-rays. This results with high probability in multi-detector coincidences. The granularity of the Demonstrator detector array enables powerful discrimination of this event signature from backgrounds. Using 41.9~kg-y of isotopic exposure, the Demonstrator has set world leading limits for each e.s.\ decay of $^{76}$Ge, with 90\% CL lower half-life limits in the range of $(0.75-4.0)\times10^{24}$~y. In particular, for the $2\nu$ transition to the first $0^+$ e.s.\ of $^{76}$Se, a lower half-life limit of $7.5\times10^{23}$~y at 90\% CL was achieved.}, number={1}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, author={Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Blalock, E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{edzards_willers_alborini_bombelli_fink_green_laubenstein_mertens_othman_radford_et al._2020, title={Investigation of ASIC-based signal readout electronics for LEGEND-1000}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1748-0221"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/15/09/P09022}, abstractNote={LEGEND, the Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless ββ Decay, is a ton-scale experimental program to search for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay in the isotope 76Ge with an unprecedented sensitivity. Building on the success of the low-background 76Ge-based GERDA and \textsc{Majorana Demonstrator} experiments, the LEGEND collaboration is targeting a signal discovery sensitivity beyond 1028 yr on the decay half-life with approximately 10 t⋅yr of exposure. Signal readout electronics in close proximity to the detectors plays a major role in maximizing the experiment's discovery sensitivity by reducing electronic noise and improving pulse shape analysis capabilities for the rejection of backgrounds. However, the proximity also poses unique challenges for the radiopurity of the electronics. Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology allows the implementation of the entire charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) into a single low-mass chip while improving the electronic noise and reducing the power consumption. In this work, we investigated the properties and electronic performance of a commercially available ASIC CSA, the XGLab CUBE preamplifier, together with a p-type point contact high-purity germanium detector. We show that low noise levels and excellent energy resolutions can be obtained with this readout. Moreover, we demonstrate the viability of pulse shape discrimination techniques for reducing background events.}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION}, author={Edzards, F. and Willers, M. and Alborini, A. and Bombelli, L. and Fink, D. and Green, M. P. and Laubenstein, M. and Mertens, S. and Othman, G. and Radford, D. C. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Sep} }
 @article{akimov_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_blackston_bolozdynya_cabrera-palmer_chen_et al._2020, title={Sensitivity of the COHERENT experiment to accelerator-produced dark matter}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1550-2368"]}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevD.102.052007}, abstractNote={The COHERENT experiment is well poised to test sub-GeV dark matter models using low-energy recoil detectors sensitive to coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) in the $\pi$-DAR neutrino beam produced by the Spallation Neutron Source. We show how a planned 750-kg liquid argon scintillation detector would place leading limits on scalar light dark matter models, over two orders of magnitude of dark matter mass, for dark matter particles produced through vector and leptophobic portals in the absence of other effects beyond the standard model. The characteristic timing structure of a $\pi$-DAR beam allows a unique opportunity for constraining systematic uncertainties on the standard model background in a time window where signal is not expected, enhancing expected sensitivity. Additionally, we discuss future prospects, further increasing the discovery potential of CEvNS detectors. Such methods would test the calculated thermal dark matter abundance for all couplings $\alpha'\leq1$ within the vector portal model over an order of magnitude of dark matter masses.}, number={5}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW D}, author={Akimov, D. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Blackston, M. A. and Bolozdynya, A. and Cabrera-Palmer, B. and Chen, N. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Sep} }
 @article{akimov_albert_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_blackston_bolozdynya_cabrera-palmer_et al._2019, title={First constraint on coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering in argon}, volume={100}, ISSN={["2470-0029"]}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/28837310/}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115020}, abstractNote={Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) is the dominant neutrino scattering channel for neutrinos of energy $E_\nu < 100$ MeV. We report a limit for this process using data collected in an engineering run of the 29 kg CENNS-10 liquid argon detector located 27.5 m from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Hg target with $4.2\times 10^{22}$ protons on target. The dataset yielded $< 7.4$ observed CEvNS events implying a cross section for the process, averaged over the SNS pion decay-at-rest flux, of $<3.4 \times 10^{-39}$ cm$^{2}$, a limit within twice the Standard Model prediction. This is the first limit on CEvNS from an argon nucleus and confirms the earlier CsI non-standard neutrino interaction constraints from the collaboration. This run demonstrated the feasibility of the ongoing experimental effort to detect CEvNS with liquid argon.}, number={11}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW D}, author={Akimov, D. and Albert, J. B. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V and Blackston, M. A. and Bolozdynya, A. and Cabrera-Palmer, B. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_basu_bertrand_bos_buuck_caldwell_et al._2019, title={Multisite event discrimination for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={99}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/26944614/}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.99.065501}, abstractNote={Author(s): Alvis, SI; Arnquist, IJ; Avignone, FT; Barabash, AS; Barton, CJ; Basu, V; Bertrand, FE; Bos, B; Buuck, M; Caldwell, TS; Chan, YD; Christofferson, CD; Chu, PH; Cuesta, C; Detwiler, JA; Ejiri, H; Elliott, SR; Gilliss, T; Giovanetti, GK; Green, MP; Gruszko, J; Guinn, IS; Guiseppe, VE; Haufe, CR; Hegedus, RJ; Hehn, L; Henning, R; Hervas Aguilar, D; Hoppe, EW; Howe, MA; Keeter, KJ; Kidd, MF; Konovalov, SI; Kouzes, RT; Lopez, AM; Martin, RD; Massarczyk, R; Meijer, SJ; Mertens, S; Myslik, J; Othman, G; Pettus, W; Piliounis, A; Poon, AWP; Radford, DC; Rager, J; Reine, AL; Rielage, K; Ruof, NW; Shanks, B; Shirchenko, M; Tedeschi, D; Varner, RL; Vasilyev, S; White, BR; Wilkerson, JF; Wiseman, C; Xu, W; Yakushev, E; Yu, CH; Yumatov, V; Zhitnikov, I; Zhu, BX | Abstract: © 2019 American Physical Society. The Majorana Demonstrator is searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) in Ge76 using arrays of point-contact germanium detectors operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. Background results in the 0νββ region of interest from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations have been recently published. A pulse shape analysis cut applied to achieve this result, named AvsE, is described in this paper. This cut is developed to remove events whose waveforms are typical of multisite energy deposits while retaining (90±3.5)% of single-site events. This pulse shape discrimination is based on the relationship between the maximum current and energy, and tuned using Th228 calibration source data. The efficiency uncertainty accounts for variation across detectors, energy, and time, as well as for the position distribution difference between calibration and 0νββ events, established using simulations.}, number={6}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Alvis, S. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Basu, V and Bertrand, F. E. and Bos, B. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Jun} }
 @article{alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_basu_bertrand_bos_busch_buuck_et al._2019, title={Search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge-76 with 26 kg yr of exposure from the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={100}, ISSN={["2469-9993"]}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/26944615/}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevC.100.025501}, abstractNote={Author(s): Cuesta, C; Alvis, SI; Arnquist, IJ; Avignone, FT; Barabash, AS; Barton, CJ; Basu, V; Bertrand, FE; Bos, B; Busch, M; Buuck, M; Caldwell, TS; Chan, YD; Christofferson, CD; Chu, PH; Clark, M; Cuesta, C; Detwiler, JA; Efremenko, Y; Ejiri, H; Elliott, SR; Gilliss, T; Giovanetti, GK; Green, MP; Gruszko, J; Guinn, IS; Guiseppe, VE; Haufe, CR; Hegedus, RJ; Hehn, L; Henning, R; Hervas Aguilar, D; Hoppe, EW; Howe, MA; Kidd, MF; Konovalov, SI; Kouzes, RT; Lopez, AM; Martin, RD; Massarczyk, R; Meijer, SJ; Mertens, S; Myslik, J; Othman, G; Pettus, W; Piliounis, A; Poon, AWP; Radford, DC; Rager, J; Reine, AL; Rielage, K; Ruof, NW; Shanks, B; Shirchenko, M; Tedeschi, D; Varner, RL; Vasilyev, S; White, BR; Wilkerson, JF; Wiseman, C; Xu, W; Yakushev, E; Yu, CH; Yumatov, V; Zhitnikov, I; Zhu, BX | Abstract: © 2019 American Physical Society. The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for the neutrinoless double-β decay of Ge76. The Majorana Demonstrator consists of 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched to 88% in Ge76) split between two modules constructed from ultraclean materials. Both modules are contained in a low-background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. We present updated results on the search for neutrinoless double-β decay in Ge76 with 26.0±0.5 kg yr of enriched exposure. With the Demonstrator's energy resolution of 2.53 keV FWHM at Qββ, which is the best among all neutrinoless double-β decay experiments, we observe one event in the region of interest with 0.65 events expected from the estimated background, resulting in a lower limit on the Ge76 neutrinoless double-β decay half-life of 2.7×1025 yr [90% confidence level (CL)] with a median sensitivity of 4.8×1025 yr (90% CL). Depending on the matrix elements used, a 90% CL upper limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass in the range of 200-433 meV is obtained. The measured background in the configurations with full shielding and optimized grounding is 11.9±2.0 counts/(FWHM t yr).}, number={2}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW C}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Alvis, S. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Basu, V and Bertrand, F. E. and Bos, B. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Aug} }
 @article{alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_basu_bertrand_bos_brudanin_busch_et al._2019, title={Search for trinucleon decay in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={99}, ISSN={["2470-0029"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.99.072004}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevD.99.072004}, abstractNote={Author(s): Alvis, SI; Arnquist, IJ; Avignone, FT; Barabash, AS; Barton, CJ; Basu, V; Bertrand, FE; Bos, B; Brudanin, V; Busch, M; Buuck, M; Caldwell, TS; Chan, YD; Christofferson, CD; Chu, PH; Cuesta, C; Detwiler, JA; Efremenko, Y; Ejiri, H; Elliott, SR; Gilliss, T; Giovanetti, GK; Green, MP; Gruszko, J; Guinn, IS; Guiseppe, VE; Haufe, CR; Hegedus, RJ; Hehn, L; Henning, R; Hervas Aguilar, D; Hoppe, EW; Howe, MA; Keeter, KJ; Kidd, MF; Konovalov, SI; Kouzes, RT; Lopez, AM; Martin, RD; Massarczyk, R; Meijer, SJ; Mertens, S; Myslik, J; Othman, G; Pettus, W; Piliounis, A; Poon, AWP; Radford, DC; Rager, J; Reine, AL; Rielage, K; Ruof, NW; Shanks, B; Shirchenko, M; Tedeschi, D; Varner, RL; Vasilyev, S; White, BR; Wilkerson, JF; Wiseman, C; Xu, W; Yakushev, E; Yu, CH; Yumatov, V; Zhitnikov, I; Zhu, BX | Abstract: © 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. The Majorana Demonstrator is an ultra-low-background experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge76. The heavily shielded array of germanium detectors, placed nearly a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, also allows searches for new exotic physics. We present the first limits for trinucleon decay-specific modes and invisible decay modes for Ge isotopes. We find a half-life limit of 4.9×1025 yr for the decay Ge76(ppn)→Zn73 e+π+ and 4.7×1025 yr for the decay Ge76(ppp)→Cu73 e+π+π+. The half-life limit for the invisible triproton decay mode of Ge76 was found to be 7.5×1024 yr.}, number={7}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW D}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Basu, V. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bos, B. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{christofferson_abgrall_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_bradley_et al._2018, title={Contamination control and assay results for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR ultra clean components}, volume={1921}, booktitle={Low radioactivity techniques 2017 (lrt 2017)}, author={Christofferson, C. D. and Abgrall, N. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Bradley, A. W. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{christofferson_abgrall_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_bradley_et al._2018, title={Contamination control and assay results for the Majorana Demonstrator ultra clean components}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5019001}, DOI={10.1063/1.5019001}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is a neutrinoless double beta decay experiment utilizing enriched Ge-76 detectors in 2 separate modules inside of a common solid shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. The Demonstrator has utilized world leading assay sensitivities to develop clean materials and processes for producing ultra-pure copper and plastic components. This experiment is now operating, and initial data provide new insights into the success of cleaning and processing. Post production copper assays after the completion of Module 1 showed an increase in U and Th contamination in finished parts compared to starting bulk material. A revised cleaning method and additional round of surface contamination studies prior to Module 2 construction have provided evidence that more rigorous process control can reduce surface contamination. This article describes the assay results and discuss further studies to take advantage of assay capabilities for the purpose of maintaining ultra clean fabrication and p...}, publisher={Author(s)}, author={Christofferson, C. D. and Abgrall, N. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Bradley, A. W. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @article{first limit on the direct detection of lightly ionizing particles for electric charge as low as e/1000 with the majorana demonstrator_2018, volume={120}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/11078052/}, DOI={10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.120.211804}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is an ultralow-background experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in ^{76}Ge. The heavily shielded array of germanium detectors, placed nearly a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, also allows searches for new exotic physics. Free, relativistic, lightly ionizing particles with an electrical charge less than e are forbidden by the standard model but predicted by some of its extensions. If such particles exist, they might be detected in the Majorana Demonstrator by searching for multiple-detector events with individual-detector energy depositions down to 1 keV. This search is background-free, and no candidate events have been found in 285 days of data taking. New direct-detection limits are set for the flux of lightly ionizing particles for charges as low as e/1000.}, number={21}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, year={2018} }
 @article{alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_brudanin_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2018, title={First limit on the direct detection of lightly ionizing particles for electric charge as low as e/1000 with the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={120}, number={21}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, author={Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{busch_abgrall_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_bradley_et al._2018, title={Low background materials and fabrication techniques for cables and connectors in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={1921}, booktitle={Low radioactivity techniques 2017 (lrt 2017)}, author={Busch, M. and Abgrall, N. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Bradley, A. W. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{busch_abgrall_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_bradley_et al._2018, title={Low background materials and fabrication techniques for cables and connectors in the Majorana Demonstrator}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5019005}, DOI={10.1063/1.5019005}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a tonne scale 76Ge-based search (the LEGEND collaboration). In the Demonstrator, germanium detectors operate in an ultra-pure vacuum cryostat at 80 K. One special challenge of an ultra-pure environment is to develop reliable cables, connectors, and electronics that do not significantly contribute to the radioactive background of the experiment. This paper highlights the experimental requirements and how these requirements were met for the Majorana Demonstrator, including plans to upgrade the wiring for higher reliability in the summer of 2018. Also described are requirements for LEGEND R&D efforts underway to meet these additional requirementsThe Majorana Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a tonne scale 76Ge-based search (the LEGEND collaboration). In the Demonstrator, germanium detectors operate in an ultra-pure vacuum cryostat at 80 K. One special challenge of an ultra-pure environment is to develop reliable cables, connectors, and electronics that do not significantly contribute to the radioactive background of the experiment. This paper highlights the experimental requirements and how these requirements were met for the Majorana Demonstrator, including plans to upgrade the wiring for higher reliability in the summer of 2018. Also described are requirements for LEGEND R&D efforts underway to meet these additional requirements}, publisher={Author(s)}, author={Busch, M. and Abgrall, N. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Bradley, A. W. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @article{gilliss_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_brudanin_busch_et al._2018, title={Recent Results from the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={46}, ISSN={["2010-1945"]}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/58462183/}, DOI={10.1142/S2010194518600492}, abstractNote={ The MAJORANA Collaboration has completed construction and is now operating an array of high purity Ge detectors searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay ([Formula: see text]) in [Formula: see text]Ge. The array, known as the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, is comprised of 44 kg of Ge detectors (30 kg enriched to 88% in [Formula: see text]Ge) installed in an ultra-low background compact shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The primary goal of the DEMONSTRATOR is to establish a low-background design that can be scaled to a next-generation tonne-scale experiment. This work reports initial background levels in the [Formula: see text] region of interest. Also presented are recent physics results leveraging P-type point-contact detectors with sub-keV energy thresholds to search for physics beyond the Standard Model; first results from searches for bosonic dark matter, solar axions, Pauli exclusion principle violation, and electron decay have been published. Finally, this work discusses the proposed tonne-scale [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] LEGEND experiment. }, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST PARTICLES AND NUCLEI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (PANIC 2017)}, author={Gilliss, T. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @article{aalseth_abgrall_aguayo_alvis_amman_arnquist_avignone_back_barabash_barbeau_et al._2018, title={Search for neutrinoless double-ss decay in Ge-76 with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={120}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/10356772/}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.132502}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q_{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25}  yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1}  counts/(FWHM t yr).}, number={13}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Aalseth, C.E. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Alvis, S.I. and Amman, M. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone, F.T., III and Back, H.O. and Barabash, A.S. and Barbeau, P.S. and et al.}, year={2018}, pages={132502} }
 @article{yu_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_brudanin_busch_et al._2018, title={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR Status and Preliminary Results}, volume={178}, ISSN={["2100-014X"]}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/26944616/}, DOI={10.1051/epjconf/201817801006}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is using an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. Searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay are understood to be the only viable experimental method for testing the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Observation of this decay would imply violation of lepton number, that neutrinos are Majorana in nature, and provide information on the neutrino mass. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of p-type point-contact Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) surrounded by a low-background shield system. The experiment achieved a high efficiency of converting raw Ge material to detectors and an unprecedented detector energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Qββ. The Majorana collaboration began taking physics data in 2016. This paper summarizes key construction aspects of the Demonstrator and shows preliminary results from initial data.}, journal={16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS (CGS16)}, author={Yu, C. -H. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2018} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_caja_et al._2018, title={The processing of enriched germanium for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR and R&D for a next generation double-beta decay experiment}, volume={877}, journal={Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caja, J. and et al.}, year={2018}, pages={314–322} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone iii_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_caja_et al._2018, title={The processing of enriched germanium for the Majorana   Demonstrator  and R&D for a next generation double-beta decay experiment}, volume={877}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2017.09.036}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2017.09.036}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of point-contact Ge detectors fabricated from Ge isotopically enriched to 88% in 76Ge to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The processing of Ge for germanium detectors is a well-known technology. However, because of the high cost of Ge enriched in 76Ge special procedures were required to maximize the yield of detector mass and to minimize exposure to cosmic rays. These procedures include careful accounting for the material; shielding it to reduce cosmogenic generation of radioactive isotopes; and development of special reprocessing techniques for contaminated solid germanium, shavings, grindings, acid etchant and cutting fluids from detector fabrication. Processing procedures were developed that resulted in a total yield in detector mass of 70%. However, none of the acid-etch solution and only 50% of the cutting fluids from detector fabrication were reprocessed. Had they been processed, the projections for the recovery yield would be between 80% and 85%. Maximizing yield is critical to justify a possible future ton-scale experiment. A process for recovery of germanium from the acid-etch solution was developed with yield of about 90%. All material was shielded or stored underground whenever possible to minimize the formation of 68Ge by cosmic rays, which contributes background in the double-beta decay region of interest and cannot be removed by zone refinement and crystal growth. Formation of 68Ge was reduced by a significant factor over that in natural abundance detectors not protected from cosmic rays.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone III, F.T. and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Bradley, A.W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caja, J. and et al.}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={314–322} }
 @inproceedings{akimov_albert_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bolozdynya_burenkov_cabrera-palmer_cervantes_et al._2017, title={COHERENT Experiment: Current status}, volume={798}, booktitle={International conference on particle physics and astrophysics}, author={Akimov, D. and Albert, J. B. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bolozdynya, A. and Burenkov, A. and Cabrera-Palmer, B. and Cervantes, M. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @inproceedings{akimov_albert_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_bolozdynya_burenkov_cabrera-palmer_cervantes_et al._2017, title={COHERENT Experiment: Current status}, volume={798}, booktitle={International conference on particle physics and astrophysics}, author={Akimov, D. and Albert, J. B. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Bolozdynya, A. and Burenkov, A. and Cabrera-Palmer, B. and Cervantes, M. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @article{coherent experiment: current status_2017, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/8714415/}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/798/1/012213}, abstractNote={The COHERENT Collaboration is realizing a long term neutrino physics research program. The main goals of the program are to detect and study elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS). This process is predicted by Standard Model but it has never been observed experimentally because of the very low energy of the recoil nucleus. COHERENT is using different detector technologies: CsI[Na] and NaI scintillator crystals, a single-phase liquid Ar and a Ge detectors. The placement of all the detector setups is in the basement of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The current status of the COHERENT experimental program is presented.}, journal={International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics}, year={2017} }
 @article{initial results from the majorana demonstrator_2017, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/16237030/}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/888/1/012035}, abstractNote={Neutrinoless double-beta decay searches seek to determine the nature of neutrinos, the existence of a lepton violating process, and the effective Majorana neutrino mass. The Majorana Collaboration is assembling an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator is composed of 44.8 kg (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) of Ge detectors in total, split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The initial goals of the Demonstrator are to establish the required background and scalability of a Ge-based, next-generation, tonne-scale experiment. Following a commissioning run that began in 2015, the first detector module started physics data production in early 2016. We will discuss initial results of the Module 1 commissioning and first physics run, as well as the status and potential physics reach of the full Majorana Demonstrator experiment. The collaboration plans to complete the assembly of the second detector module by mid-2016 to begin full data production with the entire array.}, journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year={2017} }
 @inproceedings{elliott_abgrall_arnquist_avignone_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_et al._2017, title={Initial results from the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={888}, booktitle={Xxvii international conference on neutrino physics and astrophysics (neutrino2016)}, author={Elliott, S. R. and Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @article{abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_byram_et al._2017, title={Muon flux measurements at the Davis campus of the Sanford Underground Research Facility with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR veto system}, volume={93}, journal={Astroparticle Physics}, author={Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={70–75} }
 @article{muon flux measurements at the davis campus of the sanford underground research facility with the majorana demonstrator veto system_2017, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/10356763/}, DOI={10.1016/J.ASTROPARTPHYS.2017.01.013}, abstractNote={We report the first measurement of the total muon flux underground at the Davis Campus of the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the 4850 ft level. Measurements were performed using the Majorana Demonstrator muon veto system arranged in two different configurations. The measured total flux is (5.31±0.17)×10−9μ/s/cm2.}, journal={Astroparticle Physics}, year={2017} }
 @article{new limits on bosonic dark matter, solar axions, pauli exclusion principle violation, and electron decay from the majorana demonstrator_2017, volume={118}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/1521581/}, DOI={10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.118.161801}, abstractNote={We present new limits on exotic keV-scale physics based on 478 kg d of Majorana Demonstrator commissioning data. Constraints at the 90% confidence level are derived on bosonic dark matter (DM) and solar axion couplings, Pauli exclusion principle violating (PEPV) decay, and electron decay using monoenergetic peak signal limits above our background. Our most stringent DM constraints are set for 11.8 keV mass particles, limiting g_{Ae}<4.5×10^{-13} for pseudoscalars and (α^{'}/α)<9.7×10^{-28} for vectors. We also report a 14.4 keV solar axion coupling limit of g_{AN}^{eff}×g_{Ae}<3.8×10^{-17}, a 1/2β^{2}<8.5×10^{-48} limit on the strength of PEPV electron transitions, and a lower limit on the electron lifetime of τ_{e}>1.2×10^{24}  yr for e^{-}→ invisible.}, number={16}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, year={2017} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_caldwell_et al._2017, title={New limits on bosonic dark matter, solar axions, Pauli Exclusion Principle violation, and electron decay from the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={118}, number={16}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @article{observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering_2017, volume={357}, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/58154656/}, DOI={10.1126/SCIENCE.AAO0990}, abstractNote={A 14.6-kilogram sodium-doped CsI scintillator is used to detect a neutrino scattering process with a 6.7σ confidence level.}, number={6356}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, year={2017}, pages={1123–1126} }
 @article{akimov_albert_an_awe_barbeau_becker_belov_brown_bolozdynya_cabrera-palmer_et al._2017, title={Observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering}, volume={357}, number={6356}, journal={Science}, author={Akimov, D. and Albert, J. B. and An, P. and Awe, C. and Barbeau, P. S. and Becker, B. and Belov, V. and Brown, A. and Bolozdynya, A. and Cabrera-Palmer, B. and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={1123-} }
 @article{status of the majorana demonstrator_2017, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7239028/}, DOI={10.1134/S1063779616060253}, abstractNote={The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an ultralow background, 40-kg modular high purity Ge (HPGe) detector array to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ-decay) in 76Ge. The goal of the experiment is to demonstrate a background rate at or below 3 counts/(t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039 keV Q-value for 76Ge 0νββ-decay. In this paper, the status of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, including its design and measurements of properties of the HPGe crystals is presented.}, journal={Physics of Particles and Nuclei}, year={2017} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone iii_barabash_bertrand_boswell_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_et al._2017, title={The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system}, volume={872}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2017.08.005}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2017.08.005}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton 76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone III, F.T. and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Bradley, A.W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={16–22} }
 @article{the majorana demonstrator calibration system_2017, volume={872}, journal={Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment}, year={2017}, pages={16–22} }
 @inproceedings{abgrall_abramov_abrosimov_abt_agostini_agartioglu_ajjaq_alvis_avignone_bai_et al._2017, title={The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5007652}, DOI={10.1063/1.5007652}, abstractNote={The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.}, publisher={Author(s)}, author={Abgrall, N. and Abramov, A. and Abrosimov, N. and Abt, I. and Agostini, M. and Agartioglu, M. and Ajjaq, A. and Alvis, S. I. and Avignone, F. T., III and Bai, X. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @inproceedings{guiseppe_abgrall_alvis_arnquist_avignone_barabash_barton_bertrand_bode_bradley_et al._2017, title={The status and initial results of the Majorana demonstrator experiment}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5007635}, DOI={10.1063/1.5007635}, abstractNote={Neutrinoless double-beta decay searches play a major role in determining the nature of neutrinos, the existence of a lepton violating process, and the effective Majorana neutrino mass. The Majorana Collaboration assembled an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator is comprised of 44.1 kg (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) of Ge detectors divided between two modules contained in a low-background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. The initial goals of the Demonstrator are to establish the required background and scalability of a Ge-based next-generation ton-scale experiment. Following a commissioning run that started in 2015, the first detector module started low-background data production in early 2016. The second detector module was added in August 2016 to begin operation of the entire array. We discuss results of the initial physics runs, as well as the status and physics reach of the full Major...}, publisher={Author(s)}, author={Guiseppe, V. E. and Abgrall, N. and Alvis, S. I. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A. S. and Barton, C. J. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bode, T. and Bradley, A. W. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @article{background radiation measurements at high power research reactors_2016, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/6787421/}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2015.10.023}, abstractNote={Research reactors host a wide range of activities that make use of the intense neutron fluxes generated at these facilities. Recent interest in performing measurements with relatively low event rates, e.g. reactor antineutrino detection, at these facilities necessitates a detailed understanding of background radiation fields. Both reactor-correlated and naturally occurring background sources are potentially important, even at levels well below those of importance for typical activities. Here we describe a comprehensive series of background assessments at three high-power research reactors, including γ-ray, neutron, and muon measurements. For each facility we describe the characteristics and identify the sources of the background fields encountered. The general understanding gained of background production mechanisms and their relationship to facility features will prove valuable for the planning of any sensitive measurement conducted therein.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2016} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_buuck_byram_et al._2016, title={High voltage testing for the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={823}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2016.04.006}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2016.04.006}, abstractNote={The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA Demonstrator, an ultra-low background, 44-kg modular high-purity Ge (HPGe) detector array to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge-76. The phenomenon of surface micro-discharge induced by high-voltage has been studied in the context of the MAJORANA Demonstrator. This effect can damage the front-end electronics or mimic detector signals. To ensure the correct performance, every high-voltage cable and feedthrough must be capable of supplying HPGe detector operating voltages as high as 5 kV without exhibiting discharge. R&D measurements were carried out to understand the testing system and determine the optimum design configuration of the high-voltage path, including different improvements of the cable layout and feedthrough flange model selection. Every cable and feedthrough to be used at the MAJORANA Demonstrator was characterized and the micro-discharge effects during the MAJORANA Demonstrator commissioning phase were studied. A stable configuration has been achieved, and the cables and connectors can supply HPGe detector operating voltages without exhibiting discharge.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Bradley, A.W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={83–90} }
 @article{search for pauli exclusion principle violating atomic transitions and electron decay with a p-type point contact germanium detector_2016, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7239026/}, DOI={10.1140/EPJC/S10052-016-4467-0}, abstractNote={A search for Pauli-exclusion-principle-violating K $$_{\alpha }$$ electron transitions was performed using 89.5 kg-d of data collected with a p-type point contact high-purity germanium detector operated at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility. A lower limit on the transition lifetime of $$5.8\times 10^{30}$$ s at 90% C.L. was set by looking for a peak at 10.6 keV resulting from the X-ray and Auger electrons present following the transition. A similar analysis was done to look for the decay of atomic K-shell electrons into neutrinos, resulting in a lower limit of $$6.8\times 10^{30}$$ s at 90% C.L. It is estimated that the Majorana Demonstrator, a 44 kg array of p-type point contact detectors that will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $$^{76}$$ Ge, could improve upon these exclusion limits by an order of magnitude after three years of operation.}, journal={The European Physical Journal C}, year={2016} }
 @article{status of the majorana demonstrator: a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay_2016, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/26944620/}, journal={Advanced Series on Directions in High Energy Physics}, year={2016} }
 @article{status of the majorana demonstrator: a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay_2016, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7238988/}, DOI={10.1142/S0217751X1530032X}, abstractNote={ If neutrinos are Majorana particles, i.e. fermions that are their own antiparticles, then neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay is possible. In such a process, two neutrons can simultaneously decay into two protons and two electrons without emitting neutrinos. Neutrinos being Majorana particles would explicitly violate lepton number conservation, and might play a role in the matter–antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment is under construction at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, SD and will search for the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of the 76Ge isotope. The goal of the experiment is to demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a sufficiently low background rate in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039 keV Q-value to justify building a tonne-scale experiment. In this paper, we discuss the physics and design of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, its approach to achieving ultra-low background and the status of the experiment. }, journal={International Journal of Modern Physics A}, year={2016} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone_back_barabash_bertrand_boswell_bradley_brudanin_busch_et al._2016, title={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR radioassay program}, volume={828}, journal={Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T. and Back, H. O. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Boswell, M. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2016}, pages={22–36} }
 @article{abgrall_arnquist_avignone_back_barabash_bertrand_boswell_bradley_brudanin_busch_et al._2016, title={The Majorana Demonstrator radioassay program}, volume={828}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2016.04.070}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2016.04.070}, abstractNote={The Majorana collaboration is constructing the Majorana Demonstrator at the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the Homestake gold mine, in Lead, SD. The apparatus will use Ge detectors, enriched in isotope 76Ge, to demonstrate the feasibility of a large-scale Ge detector experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The long half-life of this postulated process requires that the apparatus be extremely low in radioactive isotopes whose decays may produce backgrounds to the search. The radioassay program conducted by the collaboration to ensure that the materials comprising the apparatus are sufficiently pure is described. The resulting measurements from gamma-ray counting, neutron activation and mass spectroscopy of the radioactive-isotope contamination for the materials studied for use in the detector are reported. We interpret these numbers in the context of the expected background for the experiment.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone, F.T., III and Back, H.O. and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Bradley, A.W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2016}, month={Aug}, pages={22–36} }
 @article{the prospect physics program_2016, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/58085533/}, DOI={10.1088/0954-3899/43/11/113001}, abstractNote={The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, PROSPECT, is designed to make a precise measurement of the antineutrino spectrum from a highly-enriched uranium reactor and probe eV-scale sterile neutrinos by searching for neutrino oscillations over meter-long distances. PROSPECT is conceived as a 2-phase experiment utilizing segmented $^6$Li-doped liquid scintillator detectors for both efficient detection of reactor antineutrinos through the inverse beta decay reaction and excellent background discrimination. PROSPECT Phase I consists of a movable 3-ton antineutrino detector at distances of 7 - 12 m from the reactor core. It will probe the best-fit point of the $\nu_e$ disappearance experiments at 4$\sigma$ in 1 year and the favored region of the sterile neutrino parameter space at $>$3$\sigma$ in 3 years. With a second antineutrino detector at 15 - 19 m from the reactor, Phase II of PROSPECT can probe the entire allowed parameter space below 10 eV$^{2}$ at 5$\sigma$ in 3 additional years. The measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectrum and the search for short-baseline oscillations with PROSPECT will test the origin of the spectral deviations observed in recent $\theta_{13}$ experiments, search for sterile neutrinos, and conclusively address the hypothesis of sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the reactor anomaly.}, journal={Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics}, year={2016} }
 @misc{ashenfelter_balantekin_band_barclay_bass_berish_bignell_bowden_bowes_brodsky_et al._2016, title={The PROSPECT physics program}, volume={43}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics}, author={Ashenfelter, J. and Balantekin, A. B. and Band, H. R. and Barclay, G. and Bass, C. D. and Berish, D. and Bignell, L. and Bowden, N. S. and Bowes, A. and Brodsky, J. P. and et al.}, year={2016} }
 @article{giovanetti_abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_byram_et al._2015, title={A Dark Matter Search with MALBEK}, volume={61}, ISSN={1875-3892}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.014}, DOI={10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.014}, abstractNote={Abstract The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of natural and enriched high purity germanium detectors that will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76 Ge and perform a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with masses below 10 GeV. As part of the Majorana research and development efforts, we have deployed a modified, low-background broad energy germanium detector at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility. With its sub-keV energy threshold, this detector is sensitive to potential non-Standard Model physics, including interactions with WIMPs. We discuss the backgrounds present in the WIMP region of interest and explore the impact of slow surface event contamination when searching for a WIMP signal.}, journal={Physics Procedia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Giovanetti, G.K. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={77–84} }
 @inproceedings{cuesta_abgrall_arnquist_avignone_baldenegro-barrera_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_et al._2015, title={Analysis techniques for background rejection at the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, ISBN={9780735413191}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4928022}, DOI={10.1063/1.4928022}, abstractNote={The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an ultra-low background, 40- kg modular HPGe detector array to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in 76Ge. In view of the next generation of tonne-scale Ge-based 0νβ β-decay searches that will probe the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region, a major goal of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 count/tonne/year in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value at 2039 keV. The background rejection techniques to be applied to the data include cuts based on data reduction, pulse shape analysis, event coincidences, and time correlations. The Point Contact design of the DEMONSTRATOR’s germanium detectors allows for significant reduction of gamma background.}, booktitle={Low Radioactivity Techniques 2015 (LRT 2015): Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques}, publisher={AIP Publishing LLC}, author={Cuesta, C. and Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Baldenegro-Barrera, C. X. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, editor={Orrell, John L.Editor}, year={2015} }
 @article{cuesta_abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_byram_et al._2015, title={Background Model for the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={61}, ISSN={1875-3892}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.PHPRO.2015.06.001}, DOI={10.1016/J.PHPRO.2015.06.001}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is constructing a system containing 40 kg of HPGe detectors to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of a future tonne-scale experiment capable of probing the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region. To realize this, a major goal of the Majorana Demonstrator is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 cnt/(ROI-t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value at 2039 keV. This goal is pursued through a combination of a significant reduction of radioactive impurities in construction materials with analytical methods for background rejection, for example using powerful pulse shape analysis techniques profiting from the p-type point contact HPGe detectors technology. The effectiveness of these methods is assessed using simulations of the different background components whose purity levels are constrained from radioassay measurements.}, journal={Physics Procedia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Cuesta, C. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={821–827} }
 @article{light collection and pulse-shape discrimination in elongated scintillator cells for the prospect reactor antineutrino experiment_2015, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7239023/}, DOI={10.1088/1748-0221/10/11/P11004}, abstractNote={A meter-long, 23-liter EJ-309 liquid scintillator detector has been constructed to study the light collection and pulse-shape discrimination performance of elongated scintillator cells for the PROSPECT reactor antineutrino experiment. The magnitude and uniformity of light collection and neutron/gamma discrimination power in the energy range of antineutrino inverse beta decay products have been studied using gamma and spontaneous fission calibration sources deployed along the cell long axis. We also study neutron-gamma discrimination and light collection abilities for differing PMT and reflector configurations. Key design features for optimizing MeV-scale response and background rejection capabilities are identified.}, journal={Journal of Instrumentation}, year={2015} }
 @article{low background signal readout electronics for the majorana demonstrator_2015, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/58085123/}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/606/1/012009}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is a planned 40 kg array of Germanium detectors intended to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a tonne-scale experiment that will seek neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) in 76Ge. Such an experiment would require backgrounds of less than 1 count/tonne-year in the 4 keV region of interest around the 2039 keV Q-value of the ββ decay. Designing low-noise electronics, which must be placed in close proximity to the detectors, presents a challenge to reaching this background target. This paper will discuss the Majorana collaboration's solutions to some of these challenges.}, journal={2ND WORKSHOP ON GERMANIUM DETECTORS AND TECHNOLOGIES}, year={2015} }
 @inproceedings{guinn_abgrall_arnquist_avignone_baldenegro-barrera_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_et al._2015, title={Low background signal readout electronics for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, ISBN={9780735413191}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4927982}, DOI={10.1063/1.4927982}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is a planned 40 kg array of Germanium detectors intended to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a tonne-scale experiment that will seek neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) in 76Ge. Such an experiment would require backgrounds of less than 1 count/tonne-year in the 4 keV region of interest around the 2039 keV Q-value of the ββ decay. Designing low-noise electronics, which must be placed in close proximity to the detectors, presents a challenge to reaching this background target. This paper will discuss the Majorana collaboration's solutions to some of these challenges.}, booktitle={Low Radioactivity Techniques 2015 (LRT 2015): Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques}, publisher={AIP Publishing LLC}, author={Guinn, I. and Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Baldenegro-Barrera, C. X. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, editor={Orrell, John L.Editor}, year={2015} }
 @article{majorana collaboration's experience with germanium detectors_2015, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7238997/}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/606/1/012005}, abstractNote={The goal of the Majorana Demonstrator project is to search for 0νββ decay in 76Ge. Of all candidate isotopes for 0νββ, 76Ge has some of the most favorable characteristics. Germanium detectors are a well established technology, and in searches for 0νββ, the high purity germanium crystal acts simultaneously as source and detector. Furthermore, p-type germanium detectors provide excellent energy resolution and a specially designed point contact geometry allows for sensitive pulse shape discrimination. This paper will summarize the experiences the MAJORANA collaboration made with enriched germanium detectors manufactured by ORTEC®®. The process from production, to characterization and integration in MAJORANA mounting structure will be described. A summary of the performance of all enriched germanium detectors will be given.}, journal={2ND WORKSHOP ON GERMANIUM DETECTORS AND TECHNOLOGIES}, year={2015} }
 @inproceedings{cuesta_abgrall_arnquist_avignone_baldenegro-barrera_barabash_bertrand_bradley_brudanin_busch_et al._2015, title={Status of the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={1686}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4934894}, DOI={10.1063/1.4934894}, abstractNote={The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an ultra-low background, modular, HPGe detector array with a mass of 44-kg (29 kg 76Ge and 15 kg natGe) to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in 76Ge. The next generation of tonne-scale Ge-based neutrinoless double beta decay searches will probe the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is envisioned to demonstrate a path forward to achieve a background rate at or below 1 count/tonne/year in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value of 2039 keV. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR follows a modular implementation to be easily scalable to the next generation experiment. First, the prototype module was assembled; it has been continuously taking data from July 2014 to June 2015. Second, Module 1 with more than half of the total enriched detectors and some natural detectors has been assembled and it is being commissioned. Finally, the assembly of Module 2, which will complete MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, is already in progress.}, booktitle={AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher={AIP Publishing LLC}, author={Cuesta, C. and Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, F. T., III and Baldenegro-Barrera, C. X. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2015} }
 @article{cuesta_abgrall_arnquist_avignone_barabash_bertrand_brudanin_busch_buuck_byram_et al._2015, title={Status of the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={265-266}, ISSN={2405-6014}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSBPS.2015.06.019}, DOI={10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSBPS.2015.06.019}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the Majorana Demonstrator, an ultra-low background, 40-kg modular high purity Ge detector array to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. In view of the next generation of tonne-scale Ge-based neutrinoless double-beta decay searches that will probe the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region, a major goal of the Demonstrator is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 count/tonne/year in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value at 2039 keV. The current status of the Demonstrator is discussed, as are plans for its completion.}, journal={Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Cuesta, C. and Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I.J. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={70–72} }
 @article{xu_abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_byram_et al._2015, title={Testing the Ge Detectors for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR}, volume={61}, ISSN={1875-3892}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.104}, DOI={10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.104}, abstractNote={High purity germanium (HPGe) crystals will be used for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, where they serve as both the source and the detector for neutrinoless double beta decay. It is crucial for the experiment to understand the performance of the HPGe crystals. A variety of crystal properties are being investigated, including basic properties such as energy resolution, efficiency, uniformity, capacitance, leakage current and crystal axis orientation, as well as more sophisticated properties, e.g. pulse shapes and dead layer and transition layer distributions. In this talk, we will present our measurements that characterize the HPGe crystals. We will also discuss the our simulation package for the detector characterization setup, and show that additional information can be extracted from data-simulation comparisons.}, journal={Physics Procedia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Xu, W. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={807–815} }
 @article{green_abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_byram_et al._2015, title={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR for 0νββ: Current Status and Future Plans}, volume={61}, ISSN={1875-3892}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.038}, DOI={10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.038}, abstractNote={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR will search for neutrinoless-double-beta decay (0νββ) in 76Ge, while establishing the feasibility of a future tonne-scale germanium-based 0νββ experiment, and performing searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The experiment, currently under construction at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, SD, will consist of a pair of modular high-purity germanium detector arrays housed inside of a compact copper, lead, and polyethylene shield. Through a combination of strict materials qualifications and assay, low-background design, and powerful background rejection techniques, the Demonstrator aims to achieve a background rate in the 0νββ region of interest (ROI) of no more than 3 counts in the 0νββ-decay ROI per tonne of target isotope per year (cnts/(ROI-t-y)). The current status of the Demonstrator is discussed, as are plans for its completion.}, journal={Physics Procedia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Green, M.P. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={232–240} }
 @article{the majorana demonstrator: a search for neutrino less double-beta decay of ge-76_2015, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7238999/}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/606/1/012004}, abstractNote={Neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay is a hypothesized process where in some even-even nuclei it might be possible for two neutrons to simultaneously decay into two protons and two electrons without emitting neutrinos. This is possible only if neutrinos are Majorana particles, i.e. fermions that are their own antiparticles. Neutrinos being Majorana particles would explicitly violate lepton number conservation, and might play a role in the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would also provide complementary information related to neutrino masses. The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, with a total of 40-kg Germanium detectors, to search for the 0νββ decay of 76Ge and to demonstrate a background rate at or below 3 counts/(ROI·t·y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039 keV Q-value for 76Ge 0νββ decay. In this paper, we discuss the physics of neutrinoless double beta decay and then focus on the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, including its design and approach to achieve ultra-low backgrounds and the status of the experiment.}, journal={2ND WORKSHOP ON GERMANIUM DETECTORS AND TECHNOLOGIES}, year={2015} }
 @article{abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_byram_caldwell_et al._2015, title={The Majorana Low-noise Low-background Front-end Electronics}, volume={61}, ISSN={1875-3892}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.066}, DOI={10.1016/J.PHPRO.2014.12.066}, abstractNote={Abstract The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR will search for the neutrinoless double beta decay (ββ(0ν)) of the isotope 76Ge with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. In view of the next generation of tonne-scale germanium-based ββ(0ν)-decay searches, a major goal of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 cnt/(ROI-t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039-keV Q-value of the 76Ge ββ(0ν)-decay. Such a requirement on the background level significantly constrains the design of the readout electronics, which is further driven by noise and energy resolution performances. We present here the low-noise low- background front-end electronics developed for the low-capacitance p-type point contact (P-PC) germanium detectors of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. This resistive-feedback front-end, specifically designed to have low mass, is fabricated on a radioassayed fused-silica substrate where the feedback resistor consists of a sputtered thin film of high purity amorphous germanium and the feedback capacitor is based on the capacitance between gold conductive traces.}, journal={Physics Procedia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and Caldwell, A.S. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={654–657} }
 @article{abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_brudanin_busch_byram_caldwell_chan_et al._2015, title={The Majorana Parts Tracking Database}, volume={779}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2015.01.001}, DOI={10.1016/J.NIMA.2015.01.001}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is an ultra-low background physics experiment searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge. The Majorana Parts Tracking Database is used to record the history of components used in the construction of the Demonstrator. The tracking implementation takes a novel approach based on the schema-free database technology CouchDB. Transportation, storage, and processes undergone by parts such as machining or cleaning are linked to part records. Tracking parts provides a great logistics benefit and an important quality assurance reference during construction. In addition, the location history of parts provides an estimate of their exposure to cosmic radiation. A web application for data entry and a radiation exposure calculator have been developed as tools for achieving the extreme radio-purity required for this rare decay search.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Byram, D. and Caldwell, A.S. and Chan, Y-D. and et al.}, year={2015}, month={Apr}, pages={52–62} }
 @inproceedings{martin_abgrall_aguayo_avignone iii_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_caldwell_et al._2014, title={Status of the Majorana Demonstrator experiment}, volume={1604}, ISBN={9780735412385}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4883459}, DOI={10.1063/1.4883459}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator neutrinoless double beta-decay experiment is currently under construction at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in South Dakota, USA. An overview and status of the experiment are given.}, booktitle={AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher={AIP Publishing LLC}, author={Martin, R. D. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone III, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Caldwell, A. S. and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={413–420} }
 @article{abgrall_aguayo_avignone_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_caldwell_chan_et al._2014, title={The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiment}, volume={2014}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84895105114&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1155/2014/365432}, abstractNote={The MajoranaDemonstratorwill search for the neutrinoless double-beta(ββ0ν)decay of the isotopeGe with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate that the neutrino is its own antiparticle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, and provide information on the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. The Demonstratoris being assembled at the 4850-foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be situated in a low-background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding. Here we describe the science goals of the Demonstratorand the details of its design.}, journal={Advances in High Energy Physics}, author={Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F. T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Caldwell, A.S. and Chan, Y.-D. and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={365432} }
 @article{finnerty_aguayo_amman_avignone_barabash_barton_beene_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_et al._2014, title={The Majorana Demonstrator: Progress towards showing the feasibility of a tonne-scale 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment}, volume={485}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84899864081&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/485/1/012042}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator will search for the neutrinoless double–beta decay (0vββ) of the 76Ge isotope with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate the neutrino is its own anti–particle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, and provide information on the absolute mass–scale of the neutrino. The Demonstrator is being assembled at the 4850 foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be contained in a low–background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding. The goals for the Demonstrator are: demonstrating a background rate less than 3 t−1 y−1 in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) surrounding the 2039 keV 76Ge endpoint energy; establishing the technology required to build a tonne–scale germanium based double–beta decay experiment; testing the recent claim of observation of 0vββ [1]; and performing a direct search for light WIMPs (3-10 GeV/c2).}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, author={Finnerty, P. and Aguayo, E. and Amman, M. and Avignone, F.T. and Barabash, A.S. and Barton, P.J. and Beene, J.R. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and et al.}, year={2014} }
 @article{aguayo_amman_avignone_barabash_barton_beene_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_et al._2013, title={Characteristics of signals originating near the lithium-diffused N+ contact of high purity germanium p-type point contact detectors}, volume={701}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2012.11.004}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.004}, abstractNote={A study of signals originating near the lithium-diffused n+ contact of p-type point contact (PPC) high purity germanium detectors (HPGe) is presented. The transition region between the active germanium and the fully dead layer of the n+ contact is examined. Energy depositions in this transition region are shown to result in partial charge collection. This provides a mechanism for events with a well defined energy to contribute to the continuum of the energy spectrum at lower energies. A novel technique to quantify the contribution from this source of background is introduced. Experiments that operate germanium detectors with a very low energy threshold may benefit from the methods presented herein.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Aguayo, E. and Amman, M. and Avignone, F.T., III and Barabash, A.S. and Barton, P.J. and Beene, J.R. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and et al.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={176–185} }
 @article{the majorana demonstrator: overview and status update_2013, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/7239006/}, journal={Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science}, year={2013} }
 @article{the majorana double beta decay experiment: present status_2013, url={https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/9317436/}, DOI={10.1142/9789813224568_0009}, journal={Particle Physics at the Tercentenary of Mikhail Lomonosov}, year={2013} }
 @inproceedings{elliott_abgrall_aguayo_avignone iii_barabash_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_caldwell_et al._2013, title={The Majorana Demonstrator: A search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of germanium-76}, volume={1572}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4856546}, DOI={10.1063/1.4856546}, abstractNote={The Majorana collaboration is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay using 76Ge, which has been shown to have a number of advantages in terms of sensitivities and backgrounds. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would show that lepton number is violated and that neutrinos are Majorana particles and would simultaneously provide information on neutrino mass. Attaining sensitivities for neutrino masses in the inverted hierarchy region, 15 - 50 meV, will require large, tonne-scale detectors with extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼1 count/t-y or lower in the region of the signal. The Majorana collaboration, with funding support from DOE Office of Nuclear Physics and NSF Particle Astrophysics, is constructing the Demonstrator, an array consisting of 40 kg of p-type point-contact high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors, of which ∼30 kg will be enriched to 87% in 76Ge. The Demonstrator is being constructed in a clean room laboratory facility at the 4850' level (4300 m.w.e.) of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD. It utilizes a compact graded shield approach with the inner portion consisting of ultra-clean Cu that is being electroformed and machined underground. The primary aim of the Demonstrator is to show the feasibility of a future tonne-scale measurement in terms of backgrounds and scalability.}, booktitle={AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher={AIP Publishing LLC}, author={Elliott, S. R. and Abgrall, N. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone III, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Caldwell, A. S. and et al.}, year={2013}, pages={45–48} }
 @inproceedings{the majorana double beta decay experiment: present status_2013, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84886875854&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics: Particle Physics at the Tercentenary of Mikhail Lomonosov}, year={2013}, pages={164–168} }
 @article{aguayo_busch_daniels_fast_green_reid_2013, title={The design of an ultra-low background thermosyphon for the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={709}, ISSN={0168-9002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMA.2012.11.191}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.191}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator (MJD) is an ultra-low background neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) experiment that will deploy up to 40 kg of high purity germanium detectors (HPGe). The goal of this experiment is to demonstrate the feasibility of building a detector array with less than 1 event/ton year in a 4 keV region of interest around the 0νββ signal. HPGe diodes, when used as ionizing radiation detectors, need to be maintained at a temperature close to that of liquid nitrogen (77 K). This work describes the results of research and development toward a cryogenic system capable of meeting the ultra-low background requirements while providing the required cryogenic cooling capacity of 15–30 W. This paper shows the experimental results obtained using a two-phase horizontal thermosyphon using nitrogen as the working fluid. The cold tests show that the proposed thermosyphon has sufficient cooling power to handle the heat load of an MJD module. Results for the temperature gradient across the thermosyphon, cooling capacity, and design considerations demonstrate that the thermosyphon can effectively remove the calculated heat load of each module of the experiment.}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Aguayo, E. and Busch, M. and Daniels, R. and Fast, J.E. and Green, M.P. and Reid, D.J.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={17–21} }
 @article{giovanetti_aguayo_avignone_back_barabash_beene_bergevin_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_et al._2012, title={Dark matter sensitivities of the Majorana Demonstrator}, volume={375}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84865010637&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/375/1/012014}, abstractNote={The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of natural and enriched high purity germanium detectors that will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Germanium-76 and perform a search for weakly interacting massive particles with masses below 10 GeV. To reach the background rate goal in the neutrinoless double-beta decay region of interest of 4 counts/keV/t/y, the DEMONSTRATOR will utilize a number of background reduction strategies, including a time-correlated event cut for 68Ge that requires a sub-keV energy threshold. This low energy threshold allows the DEMONSTRATOR to extend its physics reach to include a search for light WIMPs. We will discuss the detector systems and data analysis techniques required to achieve sub-keV thresholds as well as present the projected dark matter sensitivities of the Majorana Demonstrator.}, number={PART 2}, journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, author={Giovanetti, G.K. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F.T., III and Back, H.O. and Barabash, A.S. and Beene, J.R. and Bergevin, M. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={012014} }
 @article{macmullin_giovanetti_green_henning_holmes_vorren_wilkerson_2012, title={Measurement of airborne fission products in Chapel Hill, NC, USA from the Fukushima Dai-ichi reactor accident}, volume={112}, ISSN={0265-931X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.01.026}, DOI={10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.01.026}, abstractNote={We present measurement results of airborne fission products in Chapel Hill, NC, USA, from 62 d following the March 11, 2011, accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant. Airborne particle samples were collected daily in air filters and radio-assayed with two high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors. The fission products 131I and 137Cs were measured with maximum activity concentrations of 4.2 ± 0.6 mBq/m3 and 0.42 ± 0.07 mBq/m3 respectively. Additional activity from 131,132I, 134,136,137Cs and 132Te were measured in the same air filters using a low-background HPGe detector at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility (KURF).}, journal={Journal of Environmental Radioactivity}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={MacMullin, S. and Giovanetti, G.K. and Green, M.P. and Henning, R. and Holmes, R. and Vorren, K. and Wilkerson, J.F.}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={165–170} }
 @article{phillips_aguayo_avignone_back_barabash_bergevin_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_et al._2012, title={The MAJORANA experiment: an ultra-low background search for neutrinoless double-beta decay}, volume={381}, ISSN={1742-6588 1742-6596}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/381/1/012044}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/381/1/012044}, abstractNote={The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would resolve the Majorana nature of the neutrino and could provide information on the absolute scale of the neutrino mass. The initial phase of the MAJORANA experiment, known as the DEMONSTRATOR, will house 40 kg of Ge in an ultra-low background shielded environment at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Laboratory in Lead, SD. The objective of the DEMONSTRATOR is to determine whether a future 1-tonne experiment can achieve a background goal of one count per tonne-year in a narrow region of interest around the 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay peak.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Phillips, D G, II and Aguayo, E and Avignone, F T, III and Back, H O and Barabash, A S and Bergevin, M and Bertrand, F E and Boswell, M and Brudanin, V and Busch, M and et al.}, year={2012}, month={Sep}, pages={012044} }
 @article{wilkerson_aguayo_avignone_back_barabash_beene_bergevin_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_et al._2012, title={The Majorana Demonstrator: A Search for Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay of Germanium-76}, volume={375}, ISSN={1742-6596}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/375/1/042010}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/375/1/042010}, abstractNote={The observation of neutrino less double-beta decay would show that neutrinos are Majorana particles and provide information on neutrino mass. Attaining sensitivities for neutrino masses in the inverted hierarchy region requires large, tonne scale detectors with extremely low backgrounds, at the level of 10−3 counts keV−1 t−1 y−1 or lower in the region of the signal. The MAJORANA collaboration is constructing the DEMONSTRATOR, an array consisting of 40 kg of p-type point contact germanium detectors, at least half of which will be enriched to 86% in 76Ge. The primary aim is to show the feasibility for a future tonne scale measurement. With a sub-keV energy threshold, the array should also be able to search for light WIMP dark matter. This paper presents a brief update on the status of constructing the DEMONSTRATOR including an electroforming facility that is now operating underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Wilkerson, J F and Aguayo, E and Avignone, F T, III and Back, H O and Barabash, A S and Beene, J R and Bergevin, M and Bertrand, F E and Boswell, M and Brudanin, V and et al.}, year={2012}, month={Jul}, pages={042010} }
 @inproceedings{schuberta_aguayo_avignone iii_zhang_back_barabash_bergevin_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_et al._2012, title={The Majorana Demonstrator: A search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of germanium-76}, volume={1441}, ISBN={9780735410350}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3700592}, DOI={10.1063/1.3700592}, abstractNote={The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would determine whether the neutrino is a Majorana particle and provide information on the absolute scale of neutrino mass. The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the Demonstrator, an array of germanium detectors, to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76Ge. The Demonstrator will contain 40kg of germanium; up to 30kg will be enriched to 86% in 76Ge. The Demonstrator will be deployed deep underground in an ultra-low-background shielded environment. Operation of the Demonstrator aims to determine whether a future tonne-scale germanium experiment can achieve a background goal of one count per tonne-year in a 4-keV region of interest around the 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay Q-value of 2039 keV.}, booktitle={AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher={American Institute of Physics}, author={Schuberta, A.G. and Aguayo, E. and Avignone III, F.T. and Zhang, C. and Back, H.O. and Barabash, A.S. and Bergevin, M. and Bertrand, F.E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={480–482} }
 @article{a magnetically driven piston pump for ultra-clean applications_2011, volume={82}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80655146343&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1063/1.3653391}, abstractNote={A magnetically driven piston pump for xenon gas recirculation is presented. The pump is designed to satisfy extreme purity and containment requirements, as is appropriate for the recirculation of isotopically enriched xenon through the purification system and large liquid xenon time projection chamber of EXO-200. The pump, using sprung polymer gaskets, is capable of pumping more than 16 standard liters per minute of xenon gas with 750 Torr differential pressure.}, number={10}, journal={Review of Scientific Instruments}, year={2011} }
 @article{a xenon gas purity monitor for exo_2011, volume={659}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80455177092&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2011.09.017}, abstractNote={We discuss the design, operation, and calibration of two versions of a xenon gas purity monitor (GPM) developed for the EXO double beta decay program. The devices are sensitive to concentrations of oxygen well below 1 ppb at an ambient gas pressure of one atmosphere or more. The theory of operation of the GPM is discussed along with the interactions of oxygen and other impurities with the GPM's tungsten filament. Lab tests and experiences in commissioning the EXO-200 double beta decay experiment are described. These devices can also be used on other noble gases.}, number={1}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2011}, pages={215–228} }
 @article{ackerman_aharmim_auger_auty_barbeau_barry_bartoszek_beauchamp_belov_benitez-medina_et al._2011, title={Observation of two-neutrino double-beta decay in Xe136 with the EXO-200 detector}, volume={107}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-81455154714&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.212501}, abstractNote={We report the observation of two-neutrino double-beta decay in (136)Xe with T(1/2) = 2.11 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.21(syst) × 10(21) yr. This second-order process, predicted by the standard model, has been observed for several nuclei but not for (136)Xe. The observed decay rate provides new input to matrix element calculations and to the search for the more interesting neutrinoless double-beta decay, the most sensitive probe for the existence of Majorana particles and the measurement of the neutrino mass scale.}, number={21}, journal={Physical Review Letters}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Ackerman, N. and Aharmim, B. and Auger, M. and Auty, D.J. and Barbeau, P.S. and Barry, K. and Bartoszek, L. and Beauchamp, E. and Belov, V. and Benitez-Medina, C. and et al.}, year={2011} }
 @article{prospects for barium tagging in gaseous xenon_2011, volume={309}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80053947204&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1088/1742-6596/309/1/012005}, abstractNote={Tagging events with the coincident detection of a barium ion would greatly reduce the background for a neutrino-less double beta decay search in xenon. This paper describes progress towards realizing this goal. It outlines a source that can produce large quantities of Ba++ in gas, shows that this can be extracted to vacuum, and demonstrates a mechanism by which the Ba++ can be efficiently converted to Ba+ as required for laser identification.}, number={1}, journal={5TH SYMPOSIUM ON LARGE TPCS FOR LOW ENERGY RARE EVENT DETECTION AND WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINOS FROM SUPERNOVAE}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{aguayo_avignone_back_barabash_bergevin_bertrand_boswell_brudanin_busch_chan_et al._2011, title={The Majorana Experiment}, volume={1417}, ISBN={9780735409941}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3671044}, DOI={10.1063/1.3671044}, abstractNote={The Majorana collaboration is actively pursuing research and development aimed at a tonne‐scale 76Ge neutrinoless double‐beta decay (ββ(0ν)‐decay) experiment. The current, primary focus is the construction of the Majorana Demonstrator experiment, an R&D effort that will field approximately 40 kg of germanium detectors with mixed enrichment levels. This article provides a status update on the construction of the Demonstrator.}, booktitle={AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher={American Institute of Physics}, author={Aguayo, E. and Avignone, F. T. and Back, H. O. and Barabash, A. S. and Bergevin, M. and Bertrand, F. E. and Boswell, M. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Chan, Y.-D. and et al.}, year={2011}, pages={95–99} }
 @article{aalseth_aguayo_amman_avignone_back_bai_barabash_barbeau_bergevin_bertrand_et al._2011, title={The Majorana Experiment}, volume={217}, ISSN={0920-5632}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2011.04.063}, DOI={10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2011.04.063}, abstractNote={The Majorana Collaboration is assembling an array of HPGe detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge-76. Initially, Majorana aims to construct a prototype module to demonstrate the potential of a future 1-tonne experiment. The design and potential reach of this prototype Demonstrator module are presented.}, number={1}, journal={Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Aalseth, C.E. and Aguayo, E. and Amman, M. and Avignone, F.T., III and Back, H.O. and Bai, X. and Barabash, A.S. and Barbeau, P.S. and Bergevin, M. and Bertrand, F.E. and et al.}, year={2011}, month={Aug}, pages={44–46} }
 @article{a simple radionuclide-driven single-ion source_2010, volume={81}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650274724&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1063/1.3499505}, abstractNote={We describe a source capable of producing single barium ions through nuclear recoils in radioactive decay. The source is fabricated by electroplating G148d onto a silicon α-particle detector and vapor depositing a layer of BaF2 over it. S144m recoils from the alpha decay of G148d are used to dislodge Ba+ ions from the BaF2 layer and emit them in the surrounding environment. The simultaneous detection of an α particle in the substrate detector allows for tagging of the nuclear decay and of the Ba+ emission. The source is simple, durable, and can be manipulated and used in different environments. We discuss the fabrication process, which can be easily adapted to emit most other chemical species, and the performance of the source.}, number={11}, journal={Review of Scientific Instruments}, year={2010} }
 @article{characterization of large area apds for the exo-200 detector_2009, volume={608}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-68349157341&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2009.06.029}, abstractNote={Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO)-200 uses 468 large area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) for detection of scintillation light in an ultra-low-background liquid xenon (LXe) detector. We describe initial measurements of dark noise, gain and response to xenon scintillation light of LAAPDs at temperatures from room temperature to 169 K—the temperature of liquid xenon. We also describe the individual characterization of more than 800 LAAPDs for selective installation in the EXO-200 detector.}, number={1}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2009}, pages={68–75} }
 @inproceedings{freiberger_pitchforth_wellbrock_liu_shukla_peterson_gee_gruman_green_hedge_et al._2009, title={Demonstration of multivendor E-NNI interoperability across a 1000 km production network}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349301682&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Technical Digest Series}, author={Freiberger, M. and Pitchforth, D. and Wellbrock, G. and Liu, S. and Shukla, V. and Peterson, D.L. and Gee, N.B. and Gruman, F. and Green, M. and Hedge, S. and et al.}, year={2009} }
 @article{fierlinger_devoe_flatt_gratta_green_kolkowitz_leport_montero diez_neilson_o’sullivan_et al._2008, title={A microfabricated sensor for thin dielectric layers}, volume={79}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-42949108273&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1063/1.2906402}, abstractNote={We describe a sensor for the measurement of thin dielectric layers capable of operation in a variety of environments. The sensor is obtained by microfabricating a capacitor with interleaved aluminum fingers, exposed to the dielectric to be measured. In particular, the device can measure thin layers of solid frozen from a liquid or gaseous medium. Sensitivity to single atomic layers is achievable in many configurations and, by utilizing fast, high sensitivity capacitance readout in a feedback system onto environmental parameters; coatings of few layers can be dynamically maintained. We discuss the design, readout, and calibration of several versions of the device optimized in different ways. We specifically dwell on the case in which atomically thin solid xenon layers are grown and stabilized, in cryogenic conditions, from a liquid xenon bath.}, number={4}, journal={Review of Scientific Instruments}, author={Fierlinger, P. and DeVoe, R. and Flatt, B. and Gratta, G. and Green, M. and Kolkowitz, S. and Leport, F. and Montero Diez, M. and Neilson, R. and O’Sullivan, K. and et al.}, year={2008} }
 @article{systematic study of trace radioactive impurities in candidate construction materials for exo-200_2008, volume={591}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-45449103854&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2008.03.001}, abstractNote={The Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) will search for double beta decays of 136Xe. We report the results of a systematic study of trace concentrations of radioactive impurities in a wide range of raw materials and finished parts considered for use in the construction of EXO-200, the first stage of the EXO experimental program. Analysis techniques employed, and described here, include direct gamma counting, alpha counting, neutron activation analysis, and high-sensitivity mass spectrometry.}, number={3}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2008}, pages={490–509} }
 @article{a linear rfq ion trap for the enriched xenon observatory_2007, volume={578}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447513836&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2007.05.123}, abstractNote={The design, construction, and performance of a linear radio-frequency ion trap (RFQ) intended for use in the Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) are described. EXO aims to detect the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe to 136Ba. To suppress possible backgrounds EXO will complement the measurement of decay energy and, to some extent, topology of candidate events in a Xe filled detector with the identification of the daughter nucleus (136Ba). The ion trap described here is capable of accepting, cooling, and confining individual Ba ions extracted from the site of the candidate double-beta decay event. A single trapped ion can then be identified, with a large signal-to-noise ratio, via laser spectroscopy.}, number={2}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2007}, pages={399–408} }
 @article{a liquid xenon ionization chamber in an all-fluoropolymer vessel_2007, volume={578}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447509365&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2007.05.259}, abstractNote={A novel technique has been developed to build vessels for liquid xenon ionization detectors entirely out of an ultra-clean fluoropolymer. One such detector was operated inside a welded, He leak tight, all-fluoropolymer chamber. The measured energy resolution for 570 keV gamma rays is σ/E=5.1% at a drift field of 1.5 kV/cm, in line with the best values obtained for ionization only detectors run in LXe using conventional, metal vessels.}, number={2}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2007}, pages={409–420} }
 @article{green_wodin_devoe_fierlinger_flatt_gratta_leport_montero díez_neilson_o’sullivan_et al._2007, title={Observation of single collisionally cooled trapped ions in a buffer gas}, volume={76}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34547829709&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevA.76.023404}, abstractNote={Individual Ba ions are trapped in a gas-filled linear ion trap and observed with a high signal-to-noise ratio by resonance fluorescence. Single-ion storage times of $\ensuremath{\sim}5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{min}$ $(\ensuremath{\sim}1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{min})$ are achieved using He (Ar) as a buffer gas at pressures in the range $8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}--4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{torr}$. Trap dynamics in buffer gases are experimentally studied in the simple case of single ions. In particular, the cooling effects of light gases such as He and Ar and the destabilizing properties of heavier gases such as Xe are studied. A simple model is offered to explain the observed phenomenology.}, number={2}, journal={Physical Review A}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Green, M. and Wodin, J. and Devoe, R. and Fierlinger, P. and Flatt, B. and Gratta, G. and Leport, F. and Montero Díez, M. and Neilson, R. and O’sullivan, K. and et al.}, year={2007} }
 @inproceedings{enriched xenon observatory for double beta decay_2006, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84907379814&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Annual Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society, DPF 2006, and the Annual Fall Meeting of the Japan Particle Physics Community}, year={2006} }
 @article{mobility of thorium ions in liquid xenon_2005, volume={555}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-28044454989&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.nima.2005.09.023}, abstractNote={We present a measurement of the 226Th ion mobility in LXe at 163.0 K and 0.9 bar. The result obtained, 0.240±0.011 (stat) ±0.011 (syst) cm2/(kV-s), is compared with a popular model of ion transport.}, number={1-2}, journal={Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year={2005}, pages={205–210} }