@misc{toomer_oviedo_ali_patino_joseph_frinsko_vu_maharjan_fallen_mian_2023, title={Current Agronomic Practices, Harvest & Post-Harvest Processing of Soybeans (Glycine max)-A Review}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2073-4395"]}, DOI={10.3390/agronomy13020427}, abstractNote={Globally, soybeans are grown to meet the needs for animal and human nutrition, oil extraction, and use in multiple industrial applications. Decades of soybean research, innovative farming methods, and the use of higher yielding resistant seed varieties have led to increased crop yields. Globally, soybean producers have utilized enhanced processing methods to produce nutritious high-quality meal and extracted oil for use in animal feed and within the food industry. Soybeans contain highly digestible proteins and are processed using various mechanical and chemical techniques to produce high quality animal feed ingredients. Defatted soybean meal (DSM) is usually prepared by the solvent extraction process of soybeans, whereby almost all oil content is removed. When oil is not extracted, full-fat soybean meal (FFSBM) is created. This form provides an excellent source of dietary energy by retaining the lipid component and is very useful in animal feeds by reducing the need for adding exogeneous lipids. However, some anti-nutritional factors (ANF) are present in FFSBM if not properly heat treated before inclusion in the finished feed. These ANF adversely affect the internal organ function and overall growth performance of the animal. Among these ANF, protease inhibitors are most important, but can be readily destroyed with optimal thermal processing. However, if the process protocols are not followed precisely, excessive heat treatment may occur, resulting in both reduced protein quality and amino acid bioavailability in the meal. Conversely, insufficient heat treatment may result in the retention of some ANF in the meal. Thermally resistant ANF can be greatly reduced in the bean and meal when dietary enzyme supplementation is included in the finished feed. This approach is cost-effective and most commonly utilized commercially. After processing, the soybean meal quality is often measured using in vitro methods performed at commercial analytical laboratories to assess the nitrogen solubility index (NSI), protein dispersibility index (PDI), urease activity (UA), and protein solubility in potassium hydroxide. Once properly processed, FFSBM or DSM can be utilized optimally in the diets of poultry and aquaculture to enhance the economic viability, animal nutrition, production performance, and the quality and nutritional value of the meat and/or eggs produced.}, number={2}, journal={AGRONOMY-BASEL}, author={Toomer, Ondulla T. and Oviedo, Edgar O. and Ali, Muhammad and Patino, Danny and Joseph, Michael and Frinsko, Mike and Vu, Thien and Maharjan, Pramir and Fallen, Ben and Mian, Rouf}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{ali_joseph_alfaro-wisaquillo_quintana-ospina_patino_penuela-sierra_vu_mian_taliercio_toomer_et al._2023, title={Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of high-oleic full-fat soybean meal in broilers}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2023.103152}, abstractNote={High-oleic (HO) soybean may serve as a value-added feed ingredient to enrich poultry meat due to its fatty acid content. However, the amino acid (AA) nutrient digestibility of soybean meal (SBM) made from these soybeans has yet to be determined. The objective of this study was to determine apparent ileal AA digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal AA digestibility (SID) of high-oleic full-fat (HO-FF) SBM compared to normal oleic full-fat (NO-FF), normal oleic extruded expeller (NO-EE), and solvent-extracted SBM (SE-SBM) in broilers. A nitrogen-free basal diet (NFD) was fed to 1 treatment group with 10 chicks/cage to determine basal endogenous losses (BEL). Titanium dioxide was used as an inert marker. The test diets contained 57.5% of the basal NFD and 42.5% of 1 of the 4 soybean sources. A total of 272 Ross-708 male broilers were placed in 40 battery cages with 5 treatments and 8 replicates per treatment. A common starter diet was provided to all the chickens for 14 d. Experimental diets were provided as a mash for 9 d before sample collection. Chickens were euthanized with CO2 on d 23, and contents of the distal ileum were collected, frozen, and freeze-dried. The BEL were similar to the values found in the literature. At d 23, broilers fed the SE-SBM had the highest body weight gain and best FCR compared to chickens fed the HO-FF and NO-FF treatments (P < 0.001). Broilers fed the SE-SBM and NO-EE experimental diets had (P < 0.001) higher apparent ileal AA digestibility and AA SID than broilers fed the HO-FF and NO-FF treatments. In conclusion, the SID of AA from HO-FF is similar to the digestibilities of other full-fat soybeans found in the literature and is lower than that of NO-EE and SE-SBM.}, number={12}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Ali, Muhammad and Joseph, Michael and Alfaro-Wisaquillo, Maria Camila and Quintana-Ospina, Gustavo Adolfo and Patino, Danny and Penuela-Sierra, Lina-Maria and Vu, Thien and Mian, Rouf and Taliercio, Earl and Toomer, Ondulla and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @inproceedings{ali_aneja_ganguly_sanyal_sengupta_2023, title={Wildfire Pollution Emissions, Exposure, and Human Health: A Growing Air Quality Control Issue}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/ecas2023-15922}, DOI={10.3390/ecas2023-15922}, abstractNote={Wildfires emit large quantities of air pollutants into the atmosphere. As wildfires increase in frequency, intensity, duration, and coverage area, the emissions from these fires have become a significant control issue and health hazard for residential populations, especially vulnerable groups. A critical barrier to addressing the health impacts of air pollution caused by wildfires lies in our limited understanding of its true extent. This problem is expected to be exacerbated by additional factors such as the anticipated increase in wildfire intensity due to climate change, and the associated rise in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in wildfire smoke, which, according to recent toxicological studies, could be more harmful than typical ambient PM2.5. The primary goal of our study is to develop a novel statistical framework that enables the forecasting of future emissions from active wildfires. This research aims to address the unquantified impacts of wildfire emissions and is a priority research area for many US federal agencies, e.g., NIEHS, US EPA, and NOAA. The framework integrates physicochemical models of emissions and satellite observations with forecasting models based on spatial statistics and machine learning models. Through the incorporation of these diverse datasets, we aim to improve the accuracy and reliability of our predictions regarding the spatio-temporal distribution of wildfire emissions. The potential human health impacts resulting from poor air quality during wildfires are also explored. By modeling the relationship between environmental exposures and disease risk, the burden of disease attributed to both short- and long-term impacts of exposure to wildfire events will be assessed.}, author={Ali, Muhammad Shehzaib and Aneja, Viney and Ganguly, Indrila and Sanyal, Swarnali and Sengupta, Srijan}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @article{ali_siddiqui_zubair_lin_2022, title={A study of the functionality of conventional pigmented inks in furnishing electrical conductivity to textiles}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1222-5347"]}, DOI={10.35530/IT.073.06.202159}, abstractNote={Electronic textiles technologies are finding widespread use in numerous sectors of our daily lives. One of the main
enabling technologies for e-textiles is the additive deposition of functional material. The functional coatings that are used
for such applications are based on a variety of materials such as conductive polymers, carbon-based materials, metals
etc. There are several limitations associated generally with the commercially available conductive inks for non-textile
substrates. The major limitations include (but are not limited to) high cost, inferior performance in terms of washing and
creasing and difficulty in application, etc. In this study, we have evaluated two commercially available conductive inks
and compared their washing and creasing performance with a conventional pigment printing system}, number={6}, journal={INDUSTRIA TEXTILA}, author={Ali, Muhammad and Siddiqui, Muhammad Owais Raza and Zubair, Muhammad and Lin, Long}, year={2022}, pages={602–606} }
 @article{iqbal_ahmad_din_roozendael_anjum_khan_khokhar_2022, title={Retrieval of NO2 Columns by Exploiting MAX-DOAS Observations and Comparison with OMI and TROPOMI Data during the Time Period of 2015–2019}, volume={22}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210398}, DOI={10.4209/aaqr.210398}, abstractNote={Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) — a criteria major air pollutant, is of paramount importance due to its role in atmospheric chemistry and tropospheric ozone formation. Exposure to high concentrations of NO 2 has been reported to cause various health issues in humans. This study presents an intercomparison of NO 2 retrieval settings using the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) and based on the literature published over the last 20 years. Comparison between results of various settings, as reported in the literature, and settings used for this study show a good correlation with R 2 > 0.97. This paper also presents validation of satellite observation through ground-based MAX-DOAS measurements from September 2015 to September 2019. Daily MAX-DOAS measurements have shown a strong positive correlation of 70.75% and 77.74% with OMI and TROPOMI, respectively. The average monthly correlation for OMI and TROPOMI with MAX-DOAS is 88.39% and 91.91% respectively. The comparison of the slopes of regression plots for daily and monthly datasets of OMI and TROPOMI vs. MAX-DOAS reveals that TROPOMI data is more synonymous to MAX-DOAS than OMI data. The error analysis indicates that for TROPOMI measurements calculated biases are significantly improved in case of TROPOMI as compared to OMI measurements. It is pertinent to mention that TROPOMI measurements can capture the local NO 2 pollution much better than OMI and its predecessor instruments like GOME-2, SCIAMACHY and GOME. Seasonal trends of NO 2 column densities have shown a peak in the winter season (November – January) while lowest NO 2 column density is recorded in monsoon season.}, journal={Aerosol and Air Quality Research}, publisher={Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research}, author={Iqbal, Ahmad and Ahmad, Naveed and Din, Hassan Mohy and Roozendael, Michel Van and Anjum, Muhammad Shehzaib and Khan, Muhammad Zeeshan Ali and Khokhar, Muhammad Fahim}, year={2022}, pages={210398} }
 @article{anjum_ali_imad-ud-din_subhani_anwar_nizami_ashraf_khokhar_2021, title={An Emerged Challenge of Air Pollution and Ever-Increasing Particulate Matter in Pakistan; A Critical Review}, volume={402}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123943}, DOI={10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123943}, abstractNote={This study, for the first time, aims to evaluate the situation of air quality in Pakistan critically; through a detailed assessment of sources, policies, and key challenges to identify the plausible way forward. Air pollution and particulate matter have merged as a global challenge in recent years because of its growing health and socio-economic risks. The intensity and impacts of these risks have become more pronounced, especially in developing countries like Pakistan that lack adequate warning, protection, and management systems. Various epidemiological studies have linked poor air quality with different health disorders and increasing death rates. In Pakistan, mortality rates as a result of exposure to increased levels of air pollutants, especially particulate matter, are alarming. According to the World Bank’s estimates, Pakistan’s annual burden of disease from outdoor air pollution is responsible for around 22,000 premature adult deaths and 163,432 DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) lost. The concentration of major air pollutants in Pakistan, such as NOx, O3, and SO2 have also been increasing significantly over the last two decades. Several studies are also reporting multiple instances of air quality around the major cities of Pakistan being consistently exceeding the national guidelines. During teh year 2019 PM2.5 cocnentrations in the city of Lahore revealed that almost every single day was in exceedance of the WHO and national air quality standards. Although the substantial effects of these rising pollutant concentrations in Pakistan have been stated in a few studies, however, the total extent, nature of contributing factors, and consequences remain inadequately understood. This study aims to use data available from monitoring stations, satellites, and literature to highlight the gaps in our understanding and emphasize the critical challenges associated with poor air quality faced in Pakistan. Topmost is the lack of air quality monitoring systems followed by poor initiatives by policymakers and enforcement agencies. A way forward while addressing these key challenges is also discussed, which focuses on the development of flexible monitoring, new technologies, and monitoring approaches in addition to communications among the various public, private agencies, and all relevant stakeholders.}, journal={Journal of Hazardous Materials}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Anjum, Muhammad Shehzaib and Ali, Syeda Mahnoor and Imad-ud-din, Muhammad and Subhani, Muhammad Ahmed and Anwar, Muhammad Naveed and Nizami, Abdul-Sattar and Ashraf, Umar and Khokhar, Muhammad Fahim}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={123943} }
 @article{khokhar_anjum_salam_sinha_naja_tanimoto_crawford_mead_2021, title={Countries of the Indo-Gangetic Plain must unite against air pollution}, url={https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02829-4}, DOI={10.1038/d41586-021-02829-4}, journal={Nature}, author={Khokhar, Muhammad Fahim and Anjum, Muhammad Shehzaib and Salam, Abdus and Sinha, Vinayak and Naja, Manish and Tanimoto, Hiroshi and Crawford, James H. and Mead, Mohammed Iqbal}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @article{ali_malik_anjum_siddiqui_anwar_lam_nizami_khokhar_2021, title={Exploring the linkage between PM2.5 levels and COVID-19 spread and its implications for socio-economic circles}, volume={193}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110421}, DOI={10.1016/j.envres.2020.110421}, abstractNote={A pneumonia-like disease of unknown origin caused a catastrophe in Wuhan city, China. This disease spread to 215 countries affecting a wide range of people. World health organization (WHO) called it a pandemic and it was officially named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS CoV-2), also known as Corona virus disease (COVID-19). This pandemic compelled countries to enforce a socio-economic lockdown to prevent its widespread. This paper focuses on how the particulate matter pollution was reduced during the lockdown period (23 March to April 15, 2020) as compared to before lockdown. Both ground-based and satellite observations were used to identify the improvement in air quality of Pakistan with primary focus on four major cities of Lahore, Islamabad, Karachi and Peshawar. Both datasets have shown a substantial reduction in PM2.5 pollution levels (ranging from 13% to 33% in case of satellite observations, while 23%–58% in ground-based observations) across Pakistan. Result shows a higher rate of COVID-19 spread in major cities of Pakistan with poor air quality conditions. Yet more research is needed in order to establish linkage between COVID-19 spread and air pollution. However, it can be partially attributed to both higher rate of population density and frequent exposure of population to enhanced levels of PM2.5 concentrations before lockdown period.}, journal={Environmental Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ali, Syeda Mahnoor and Malik, Fatima and Anjum, Muhammad Shehzaib and Siddiqui, Ghazanfar Farooq and Anwar, Muhammad Naveed and Lam, Su Shiung and Nizami, Abdul-Sattar and Khokhar, Muhammad Fahim}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={110421} }