@article{wiedbusch_kite_yang_park_chi_taub_azevedo_2021, title={A Theoretical and Evidence-Based Conceptual Design of MetaDash: An Intelligent Teacher Dashboard to Support Teachers' Decision Making and Students’ Self-Regulated Learning}, volume={6}, ISSN={2504-284X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.570229}, DOI={10.3389/feduc.2021.570229}, abstractNote={Teachers’ ability to self-regulate their own learning is closely related to their competency to enhance self-regulated learning (SRL) in their students. Accordingly, there is emerging research for the design of teacher dashboards that empower instructors by providing access to quantifiable evidence of student performance and SRL processes. Typically, they capture evidence of student learning and performance to be visualized through activity traces (e.g., bar charts showing correct and incorrect response rates, etc.) and SRL data (e.g., eye-tracking on content, log files capturing feature selection, etc.) in order to provide teachers with monitoring and instructional tools. Critics of the current research on dashboards used in conjunction with advanced learning technologies (ALTs) such as simulations, intelligent tutoring systems, and serious games, argue that the state of the field is immature and has 1) focused only on exploratory or proof-of-concept projects, 2) investigated data visualizations of performance metrics or simplistic learning behaviors, and 3) neglected most theoretical aspects of SRL including teachers’ general lack of understanding their’s students’ SRL. Additionally, the work is mostly anecdotal, lacks methodological rigor, and does not collect critical process data (e.g. frequency, duration, timing, or fluctuations of cognitive, affective, metacognitive, and motivational (CAMM) SRL processes) during learning with ALTs used in the classroom. No known research in the areas of learning analytics, teacher dashboards, or teachers’ perceptions of students’ SRL and CAMM engagement has systematically and simultaneously examined the deployment, temporal unfolding, regulation, and impact of all these key processes during complex learning. In this manuscript, we 1) review the current state of ALTs designed using SRL theoretical frameworks and the current state of teacher dashboard design and research, 2) report the important design features and elements within intelligent dashboards that provide teachers with real-time data visualizations of their students’ SRL processes and engagement while using ALTs in classrooms, as revealed from the analysis of surveys and focus groups with teachers, and 3) propose a conceptual system design for integrating reinforcement learning into a teacher dashboard to help guide the utilization of multimodal data collected on students’ and teachers’ CAMM SRL processes during complex learning.}, journal={Frontiers in Education}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Wiedbusch, Megan D. and Kite, Vance and Yang, Xi and Park, Soonhye and Chi, Min and Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{yang_kim_taub_azevedo_chi_2020, title={PRIME: Block-Wise Missingness Handling for Multi-modalities in Intelligent Tutoring Systems}, volume={11962}, ISBN={["978-3-030-37733-5"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-030-37734-2_6}, journal={MULTIMEDIA MODELING (MMM 2020), PT II}, author={Yang, Xi and Kim, Yeo-Jin and Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger and Chi, Min}, year={2020}, pages={63–75} }
 @article{taub_azevedo_2019, title={How Does Prior Knowledge Influence Eye Fixations and Sequences of Cognitive and Metacognitive SRL Processes during Learning with an Intelligent Tutoring System?}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1560-4306"]}, DOI={10.1007/s40593-018-0165-4}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION}, author={Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2019}, month={Mar}, pages={1–28} }
 @article{mudrick_azevedo_taub_2019, title={Integrating metacognitive judgments and eye movements using sequential pattern mining to understand processes underlying multimedia learning}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1873-7692"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.028}, journal={COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR}, author={Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Azevedo, Roger and Taub, Michelle}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={223–234} }
 @article{cloude_taub_lester_azevedo_2019, title={The Role of Achievement Goal Orientation on Metacognitive Process Use in Game-Based Learning}, volume={11626}, ISBN={["978-3-030-23206-1"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-030-23207-8_7}, journal={ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION, AIED 2019, PT II}, author={Cloude, Elizabeth B. and Taub, Michelle and Lester, James and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2019}, pages={36–40} }
 @article{harley_taub_azevedo_bouchet_2018, title={"Let's set up some subgoals": Understanding human-pedagogical agent collaborations and their implications for learning and prompt and feedback compliance}, volume={11}, number={1}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies}, author={Harley, J. M. and Taub, M. and Azevedo, R. and Bouchet, F.}, year={2018}, pages={54–66} }
 @article{sinclair_jang_azevedo_lau_taub_mudrick_2018, title={Changes in Emotion and Their Relationship with Learning Gains in the Context of MetaTutor}, volume={10858}, ISBN={["978-3-319-91463-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_20}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2018}, author={Sinclair, Jeanne and Jang, Eunice Eunhee and Azevedo, Roger and Lau, Clarissa and Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V.}, year={2018}, pages={202–211} }
 @article{taub_mudrick_rajendran_dong_biswas_azevedo_2018, title={How Are Students' Emotions Associated with the Accuracy of Their Note Taking and Summarizing During Learning with ITSs?}, volume={10858}, ISBN={["978-3-319-91463-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_23}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2018}, author={Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Rajendran, Ramkumar and Dong, Yi and Biswas, Gautam and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2018}, pages={233–242} }
 @article{taub_azevedo_mudrick_2018, title={How Do Different Levels of AU4 Impact Metacognitive Monitoring During Learning with Intelligent Tutoring Systems?}, volume={10858}, ISBN={["978-3-319-91463-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_22}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2018}, author={Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger and Mudrick, Nicholas V.}, year={2018}, pages={223–232} }
 @article{cloude_taub_azevedo_2018, title={Investigating the Role of Goal Orientation: Metacognitive and Cognitive Strategy Use and Learning with Intelligent Tutoring Systems}, volume={10858}, ISBN={["978-3-319-91463-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_5}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2018}, author={Cloude, Elizabeth B. and Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2018}, pages={44–53} }
 @article{price_mudrick_taub_azevedo_2018, title={The Role of Negative Emotions and Emotion Regulation on Self-Regulated Learning with MetaTutor}, volume={10858}, ISBN={["978-3-319-91463-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_17}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2018}, author={Price, Megan J. and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2018}, pages={170–179} }
 @article{taub_azevedo_bradbury_millar_lester_2018, title={Using sequence mining to reveal the efficiency in scientific reasoning during STEM learning with a game-based learning environment}, volume={54}, ISSN={["0959-4752"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.08.005}, journal={LEARNING AND INSTRUCTION}, author={Taub, Michelle and Azevedo, Roger and Bradbury, Amanda E. and Millar, Garrett C. and Lester, James}, year={2018}, month={Apr}, pages={93–103} }
 @inproceedings{zhong_qin_yang_chen_mudrick_taub_azevedo_lobaton_2017, title={Emotion recognition with facial expressions and physiological signals}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2017.8285365}, DOI={10.1109/ssci.2017.8285365}, booktitle={2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Zhong, Boxuan and Qin, Z. K. and Yang, S. and Chen, J. Y. and Mudrick, N. and Taub, M. and Azevedo, R. and Lobaton, E.}, year={2017}, pages={1170–1177} }
 @article{lalle_taub_mudrick_conati_azevedo_2017, title={The Impact of Student Individual Differences and Visual Attention to Pedagogical Agents During Learning with MetaTutor}, volume={10331}, ISBN={["978-3-319-61424-3"]}, ISSN={["1611-3349"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-61425-0_13}, journal={ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION, AIED 2017}, author={Lalle, Sebastien and Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Conati, Cristina and Azevedo, Roger}, year={2017}, pages={149–161} }
 @inproceedings{mudrick_taub_azevedo_rowe_lester_2017, title={Toward affect-sensitive virtual human tutors: The influence of facial expressions on learning and emotion}, DOI={10.1109/acii.2017.8273598}, booktitle={International conference on affective computing and intelligent}, author={Mudrick, N. V. and Taub, M. and Azevedo, R. and Rowe, J. and Lester, J.}, year={2017}, pages={184–189} }
 @article{taub_mudrick_azevedo_millar_rowe_lester_2017, title={Using multi-channel data with multi-level modeling to assess in-game performance during gameplay with CRYSTAL ISLAND}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1873-7692"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.038}, journal={COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR}, author={Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Azevedo, Roger and Millar, Garrett C. and Rowe, Jonathan and Lester, James}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={641–655} }
 @article{azevedo_martin_taub_mudrick_millar_grafsgaard_2016, title={Are Pedagogical Agents' External Regulation Effective in Fostering Learning with Intelligent Tutoring Systems?}, volume={9684}, ISBN={["978-3-319-39582-1"]}, ISSN={["0302-9743"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-39583-8_19}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2016}, author={Azevedo, Roger and Martin, Seth A. and Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Millar, Garrett C. and Grafsgaard, Joseph F.}, year={2016}, pages={197–207} }
 @article{taub_mudrick_azevedo_millar_rowe_lester_2016, title={Using Multi-level Modeling with Eye-Tracking Data to Predict Metacognitive Monitoring and Self-regulated Learning with CRYSTAL ISLAND}, volume={9684}, ISBN={["978-3-319-39582-1"]}, ISSN={["0302-9743"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-39583-8_24}, journal={INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, ITS 2016}, author={Taub, Michelle and Mudrick, Nicholas V. and Azevedo, Roger and Millar, Garrett C. and Rowe, Jonathan and Lester, James}, year={2016}, pages={240–246} }
 @inproceedings{taub_azevedo_2016, title={Using eye-tracking to determine the impact of prior knowledge on self-regulated learning with an adaptive hypermedia-learning environment}, volume={0684}, booktitle={Intelligent tutoring systems, its 2016}, author={Taub, M. and Azevedo, R.}, year={2016}, pages={34–47} }
 @inproceedings{taub_azevedo_2016, title={Using multi-channel data to assess, understand, and support affect and metacognition with intelligent tutoring systems}, volume={0684}, booktitle={Intelligent tutoring systems, its 2016}, author={Taub, M. and Azevedo, R.}, year={2016}, pages={543–544} }
 @article{taub_azevedo_bouchet_khosravifar_2014, title={Can the use of cognitive and metacognitive self-regulated learning strategies be predicted by learners' levels of prior knowledge in hypermedia-learning environments?}, volume={39}, journal={Computers in Human Behavior}, author={Taub, M. and Azevedo, R. and Bouchet, F. and Khosravifar, B.}, year={2014}, pages={356–367} }
 @inproceedings{mudrick_taub_azevedo_rowe_lester, title={Toward affect-sensitive virtual human tutors: The influence of facial expressions on learning and emotion}, booktitle={International conference on affective computing and intelligent}, author={Mudrick, N. V. and Taub, M. and Azevedo, R. and Rowe, J. and Lester, J.}, pages={184–189} }
 @inproceedings{taub_mudrick_azevedo_millar_rowe_lester, title={Using multi-level modeling with eye-tracking data to predict metacognitive monitoring and self-regulated learning with CRYSTAL ISLAND}, volume={0684}, booktitle={Intelligent tutoring systems, its 2016}, author={Taub, M. and Mudrick, N. V. and Azevedo, R. and Millar, G. C. and Rowe, J. and Lester, J.}, pages={240–246} }
 @inproceedings{taub_mudrick_azevedo_millar_rowe_lester, title={Using multi-level modeling with eye-tracking data to predict metacognitive monitoring and self-regulated learning with crystal island}, volume={9684}, booktitle={Intelligent tutoring systems, its 2016}, author={Taub, M. and Mudrick, N. V. and Azevedo, R. and Millar, G. C. and Rowe, J. and Lester, J.}, pages={240–246} }