@article{vargo_husseneder_woodson_waldvogel_grace_2006, title={Genetic analysis of colony and population structure of three introduced populations of the Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae) in the Continental United States}, volume={35}, ISSN={["0046-225X"]}, DOI={10.1603/0046-225X-35.1.151}, abstractNote={Abstract The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is a major invasive pest species in many parts of the world. We compared the colony breeding system and population genetic structure in three introduced populations in the continental United States: Charleston, SC; City Park, New Orleans, LA; and Rutherford County, NC. Based on worker genotypes at 12 microsatellite loci, we found that colonies were mainly genetically distinct entities consisting of either simple families headed by monogamous pairs of reproductives or extended families containing multiple neotenic (replacement) reproductives descended from simple families. Populations varied from 48% simple families in Charleston to 82% simple families in City Park. Extended family colonies in all three populations were likely headed by <10 neotenic reproductives. There was no significant isolation by distance in any of the populations, suggesting that colonies reproduce by relatively long-range mating flights and/or human-mediated dispersal within each population. The Charleston population showed evidence of a recent genetic bottleneck and most likely was founded by very few colonies. Cluster analysis indicated that the Charleston and City Park populations are quite genetically distant from each other and most likely originated from different source populations. The more recently introduced Rutherford County population was genetically most similar to City Park. These findings, together with results from other infested sites, indicate considerable variation in the genetic structure and breeding system of introduced populations of this species, making it unlikely that there is a simple genetic or behavioral explanation for the success of C. formosanus as an invasive species.}, number={1}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY}, author={Vargo, EL and Husseneder, C and Woodson, D and Waldvogel, MG and Grace, JK}, year={2006}, month={Feb}, pages={151–166} }
 @article{silverman_sorenson_waldvogel_2006, title={Trap-mulching Argentine ants}, volume={99}, DOI={10.1093/jee/99.5.1757}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Economic Entomology}, author={Silverman, J. and Sorenson, C. E. and Waldvogel, M. G.}, year={2006}, pages={1757–1760} }
 @article{williams_linker_waldvogel_leidy_schal_2005, title={Comparison of conventional and integrated pest management programs in public schools}, volume={98}, ISSN={["0022-0493"]}, DOI={10.1603/0022-0493-98.4.1275}, abstractNote={Abstract This study compared an integrated pest management (IPM) program with conventional, calendar-based pest control in nine North Carolina elementary schools. Both programs primarily targeted the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). The IPM program relied heavily on monitoring and baiting, whereas the conventional approach used baseboard and crack-and-crevice sprays of insecticides. Within the constraints of an existing pest management contract, we quantified service duration, materials used, cost, levels of cockroach infestation, and the pesticide residues generated by the two service types. IPM services were significantly more time-consuming than conventional services, resulting in a significantly higher cost associated with labor. Nevertheless, the two types of treatments incurred similar total costs, and the efficacy of both treatments was also similar. Most importantly, pest monitoring, a central element of the IPM program, revealed few cockroaches and indicated that most of the conventional treatments were unnecessary. Environmental residues of the organophosphate pesticides acephate, chlorpyrifos, and propetamphos were significantly higher in swab samples taken in the conventionally treated schools. This study demonstrates that an IPM program is an appropriate and preferable alternative to conventional methods of pest control in the school environment.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY}, author={Williams, GM and Linker, HM and Waldvogel, MG and Leidy, RB and Schal, C}, year={2005}, month={Aug}, pages={1275–1283} }
 @article{nalyanya_lilley_linker_waldvogel_2005, title={Practices and perceptions of school integrated pest management by North Carolina pest-management professionals}, volume={22}, number={3-4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology}, author={Nalyanya, G. W. and Lilley, S. C. and Linker, H. M. and Waldvogel, M. G.}, year={2005}, pages={203–215} }
 @article{zurek_gore_stringham_watson_waldvogel_schal_2003, title={Boric acid dust as a component of an integrated cockroach management program in confined swine production}, volume={96}, ISSN={["0022-0493"]}, DOI={10.1603/0022-0493-96.4.1362}, abstractNote={Abstract Boric acid dust treatments were evaluated as a tool for the integrated management of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), in commercial confined swine production. The efficacy of boric acid dust was comparable to that of an organic residual insecticide, cyfluthrin, which is commonly used to control cockroaches in this environment. Fall treatments suppressed the cockroach population for longer durations than treatments in the Spring. Boric acid dust is an effective, inexpensive, and low risk (to animal and human health, and the environment) alternative for the management of cockroaches in livestock production systems.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY}, author={Zurek, L and Gore, JC and Stringham, SM and Watson, DW and Waldvogel, MG and Schal, C}, year={2003}, month={Aug}, pages={1362–1366} }
 @article{holbrook_roebuck_moore_waldvogel_schal_2003, title={Origin and extent of resistance to fipronil in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera : Blattellidae)}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1938-291X"]}, DOI={10.1603/0022-0493-96.5.1548}, abstractNote={Fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide, was made available in 1999 in bait formulations for use against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). We have investigated resistance to Þpronil in the descendants of cockroaches collected just before, or contemporaneously with, the introduction of Þpronil baits. Cockroaches were obtained in two types of settings: homes that either had or had not been serviced by a pest management professional while occupied by their current residents. Thorough inspections by us turned up no evidence that Þpronil had been used in any of the homes, and in addition, no residents claimed to have used baits containing Þpronil. Resistance to Þpronil was detected by topically dosing adult males with the LC99 of Þpronil, the value of which was determined in a doseÐresponse assay with males of an insecticide-susceptible strain. Fewer than 99 of 100 males of all Þeld-collected strains died within 72 h of being treated. Moreover, substantial numbers of males survived doses three and 10-fold greater than the LC99. Regression analysis showed that 67% of the variation in the percentage of males that died after being treated with Þpronil was explained by a linear relationship with the percentage that died after being treated with dieldrin. Therefore, it appears that resistance to Þpronil in German cockroachesÑwhose ancestors had never been exposed to itÑis attributable to enduring resistance to the cyclodienes, which were formerly used for cockroach control and have a similar mode of action as Þpronil. Lastly, we found that insects resistant to topically administered Þpronil were likewise resistant, and to a similar degree, to ingested Þpronil.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY}, author={Holbrook, GL and Roebuck, J and Moore, CB and Waldvogel, MG and Schal, C}, year={2003}, month={Oct}, pages={1548–1558} }
 @article{waldvogel_gould_1990, title={VARIATION IN OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE OF HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS IN RELATION TO MACROEVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS OF HELIOTHINE HOST RANGE}, volume={44}, ISSN={["0014-3820"]}, DOI={10.2307/2409292}, number={5}, journal={EVOLUTION}, author={WALDVOGEL, M and GOULD, F}, year={1990}, month={Aug}, pages={1326–1337} }