@article{nambi gowri_king_2024, title={Mechanical fabrication and evaluation of bioresorbable barbed sutures with different barb geometries}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1748-605X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ad2c1e}, DOI={10.1088/1748-605X/ad2c1e}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Nambi Gowri, Karuna and King, Martin W.}, year={2024}, month={May} }
 @misc{gowri_king_2023, title={A Review of Barbed Sutures-Evolution, Applications and Clinical Significance}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2306-5354"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10040419}, DOI={10.3390/bioengineering10040419}, abstractNote={Surgical ligatures are a critical component of any surgical procedure since they are the device that provides immediate post-surgical tissue apposition. There have been several studies to improve the design and use of these wound closure devices for different surgical procedures. Yet, there is no standardized technique or device that can be used for any specific application. Over the last two decades, there has been an increased focus on the innovative surgical sutures known as knotless or barbed sutures, along with studies focusing on their advantages and disadvantages in clinical environments. Barbed sutures were invented to reduce the localized stress on the approximated tissues as well as facilitating the surgical technique and improving the clinical outcome for the patient. This review article discusses how barbed sutures evolved from the first patent published in 1964 and how these barbed sutures influence the surgical outcomes in different procedures ranging from cosmetic surgery to orthopedic surgery performed on both human patients and animals.}, number={4}, journal={BIOENGINEERING-BASEL}, author={Gowri, Karuna Nambi and King, Martin W.}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{zhang_tao_gluck_wang_daneshmand_king_2023, title={A textile-reinforced composite vascular graft that modulates macrophage polarization and enhances endothelial cell migration, adhesion and proliferation in vitro}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1744-6848"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SM01190E}, DOI={10.1039/d2sm01190e}, abstractNote={We engineered a textile-reinforced hydrogel vascular graft. The textile provides robustness while the hydrogel promotes endothelial cell attachment and growth. The composite enhanced macrophage activation, which increased endothelial cell migration.}, journal={SOFT MATTER}, author={Zhang, Fan and Tao, Hui and Gluck, Jessica M. and Wang, Lu and Daneshmand, Mani A. and King, Martin W.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{deshpande_girase_king_2023, title={Degradation of Poly(ε-caprolactone) Resorbable Multifilament Yarn under Physiological Conditions}, volume={15}, ISSN={["2073-4360"]}, DOI={10.3390/polym15183819}, abstractNote={Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is a hydrophobic, resorbable aliphatic polymer recognized for its low tenacity and extensive elongation at break, making it a popular choice for fabricating biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds. PCL’s slow degradation rate typically results in a complete resorption period of 2 to 3 years. While numerous studies have examined the degradation of PCL in various forms such as films and webs, no study to date has investigated its physiological degradation in multifilament yarn form. In this study, we subjected PCL multifilament yarn samples to physiological conditions in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) maintained at a consistent temperature of 37 ± 2 °C and agitated at 45 rpm for a period of 32 weeks. We retrieved samples at five different intervals to analyze the degradation profile of the multifilament yarn. This allowed us to estimate the complete resorption time and rate under these in vitro conditions. Over the 32-week period, the multifilament yarn’s mass decreased by 4.8%, its elongation at break declined by 42%, the tenacity dropped by 40%, and the peak load at break fell by 46.5%. Based on these findings, we predict that a scaffold structure incorporating PCL multifilament yarn would undergo complete resorption in approximately 14 months under physiological conditions, such as in PBS solution at a pH of approximately 7 and a temperature of 37 °C.}, number={18}, journal={POLYMERS}, author={Deshpande, Monica V. and Girase, Arjunsing and King, Martin W.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{zhang_scull_gluck_brown_king_2023, title={Effects of sterilization methods on gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel properties and macrophage gene expression in vitro}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1748-605X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/aca4b2}, DOI={10.1088/1748-605X/aca4b2}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Zhang, Fan and Scull, Grant and Gluck, Jessica M. and Brown, Ashley C. and King, Martin W.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{zhang_gluck_brown_zaharoff_king_2023, title={Heparin Affinity-Based IL-4 Delivery to Modulate Macrophage Phenotype and Endothelial Cell Activity In Vitro}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1944-8252"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c00489}, DOI={10.1021/acsami.3c00489}, abstractNote={Macrophages play a pivotal role in wound healing and tissue regeneration, as they are rapidly recruited to the site of injury or implanted foreign material. Depending on their interaction with the material, macrophages can develop different phenotypes, with the M1 pro-inflammatory and M2 pro-regenerative phenotypes being highly involved in tissue regeneration. M2 macrophages mitigate inflammation and promote tissue regeneration and extracellular matrix remodeling. In this study, we engineered a gelatin-heparin-methacrylate (GelMA-HepMA) hydrogel that gradually releases interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine that modulates macrophages to adopt the M2 phenotype. Methacrylation of heparin improved the retention of both heparin and IL-4 within the hydrogel. The GelMA-HepMA hydrogel and IL-4 synergistically downregulated M1 gene expression and upregulated M2 gene expression in macrophages within 48 h of in vitro cell culture. However, the M2-like macrophage phenotype induced by the GelMA-HepMA-IL-4 hydrogel did not necessarily further improve endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro.}, number={23}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Zhang, Fan and Gluck, Jessica M. and Brown, Ashley C. and Zaharoff, David A. and King, Martin W.}, year={2023}, month={Jun}, pages={27457–27470} }
 @article{chen_tang_wang_perez_yao_huang_zhang_king_2023, title={Techniques for navigating postsurgical adhesions: Insights into mechanisms and future directions}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2380-6761"]}, DOI={10.1002/btm2.10565}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE}, author={Chen, Jiahui and Tang, Xiaoqi and Wang, Ziyu and Perez, Arielle and Yao, Benjamin and Huang, Ke and Zhang, Yang and King, Martin W. W.}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @article{xie_zhang_akkus_king_2022, title={A collagen/PLA hybrid scaffold supports tendon-derived cell growth for tendon repair and regeneration}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1552-4981"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35116}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.35116}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS}, author={Xie, Yu and Zhang, Fan and Akkus, Ozan and King, Martin W.}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{hamedi_moradi_hudson_tonelli_king_2022, title={Chitosan based bioadhesives for biomedical applications: A review}, volume={282}, ISSN={["1879-1344"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119100}, abstractNote={Due to the promising properties of chitosan for biomedical engineering applications like biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, it is one of the most interesting biopolymers in this field. Therefore, Chitosan and its derivatives have attracted great attention in vast variety of biomedical applications. In the current paper, different types of chitosan-based bioadhesives including passive and active and their different types of external stimuli response structure such as thermo, pH and Light responsive systems are discussed. Different bioadhesives mechanisms with chitosan as an adhesive agent or main polymer component and some examples were also presented. Chitosan based bioadhesives and their potential biomedical applications in drug delivery systems, suture less surgery, wound dressing and hemostatic are also discussed. The results confirmed wound healing, hemostatic and bioadhesion capabilities of the chitosan bioadhesives and its great potential for biomedical applications.}, journal={CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS}, author={Hamedi, Hamid and Moradi, Sara and Hudson, Samuel M. and Tonelli, Alan E. and King, Martin W.}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{huang_cadet_king_cole_2022, title={Comparison of the mechanical properties and anchoring performance of polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene barbed sutures for tendon repair}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1552-4981"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35074}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.35074}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS}, author={Huang, Yihan and Cadet, Edwin R. and King, Martin W. and Cole, Jacqueline H.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{zhang_king_2022, title={Immunomodulation Strategies for the Successful Regeneration of a Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2192-2659"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202200045}, DOI={10.1002/adhm.202200045}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS}, author={Zhang, Fan and King, Martin W.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @article{wang_hamedi_zhang_el-shafei_brown_gluck_king_2022, title={Plasma-Induced Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride Antibacterial Hernia Mesh}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2576-6422"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00695}, DOI={10.1021/acsabm.2c00695}, abstractNote={A hernia is a pathological condition caused by a defect or opening in the muscle wall, which leads to organs pushing through the opening or defect. Hernia recurrence, seroma, persistent pain, tissue adhesions, and wound infection are common complications following hernia repair surgery. Infection after hernia mesh implantation is the third major complication leading to hernia recurrence. In order to reduce the incidence of late infections, we developed a polypropylene mesh with antibacterial properties. In this study, knitted polypropylene meshes were exposed to radio-frequency plasma to activate their surfaces. The antibacterial monomer diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) was then grafted onto the mesh surface using pentaerythritol tetraacrylate as the cross-linker since it is able to engage all four functional groups to form a high-density cross-linked network. The subsequent antibacterial performance showed a 2.9 log reduction toward Staphylococcus aureus and a 0.9 log reduction for Escherichia coli.}, journal={ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS}, author={Wang, Ziyu and Hamedi, Hamid and Zhang, Fan and El-Shafei, Ahmed and Brown, Ashley C. and Gluck, Jessica M. and King, Martin W.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{zhang_bambharoliya_xie_liu_celik_wang_akkus_king_2021, title={A hybrid vascular graft harnessing the superior mechanical properties of synthetic fibers and the biological performance of collagen filaments}, volume={118}, ISSN={["1873-0191"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111418}, DOI={10.1016/j.msec.2020.111418}, abstractNote={Tissue-engineered small caliber vascular grafts have attracted much research attention as a viable alternative to traditional vascular grafts with their biocompatibility and potential to achieve complete healing. However, the major challenge is to fabricate a scaffold with both satisfactory mechanical properties and fast endothelialization. In this study, a hybrid tubular vascular tissue engineered scaffold has been circular-knitted using novel electrochemically aligned collagen (ELAC) filaments plied together with traditional poly(lactic acid) (PLA) yarn. The collagen component was able to promote the recruitment and proliferation of endothelial cells by increasing the initial cell adhesion 10-fold and the eventual cell population 3.2 times higher than the PLA scaffold alone. At the same time, the PLA yarn was able to provide sufficient mechanical strength and structural stability, as well as facilitate scaffold fabrication on high speed textile production equipment. The tubular hybrid scaffold exhibited excellent bursting strength (1.89 ± 0.43 MPa) and suture retention strength (10.86 ± 0.49 N), and had comparable compliance (3.98 ± 1.94%/100 mmHg) to that of the coronary artery (3.8 ± 0.3%/100 mmHg) under normotensive pressure. With its excellent mechanical and biological performance, this prototype hybrid scaffold is a promising candidate for the construction of a clinically successful and easily translatable tissue-engineered small caliber vascular graft.}, journal={MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Zhang, Fan and Bambharoliya, Tushar and Xie, Yu and Liu, Laijun and Celik, Hakan and Wang, Lu and Akkus, Ozan and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{moradi_hamedi_tonelli_king_2021, title={Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Composite Films and Their Biomedical and Drug Delivery Applications: A Review}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2076-3417"]}, DOI={10.3390/app11177776}, abstractNote={The healing of wounds is still a challenging clinical problem for which an efficient and fast treatment is needed. Therefore, recent studies have created a new generation of wound dressings that can accelerate the wound healing process with minimal side effects. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer, is an attractive candidate for preparing biocompatible dressings. The biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antibacterial activities of chitosan have made it a promising biopolymer for treating wounds. Graphene oxide has also been considered by researchers as a non-toxic, inexpensive, and biocompatible material for wound healing applications. This review paper discusses the potential use of chitosan/graphene oxide composite films and their application in wound dressing and drug delivery systems.}, number={17}, journal={APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL}, author={Moradi, Sara and Hamedi, Hamid and Tonelli, Alan E. and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{zhao_sun_xue_wang_king_yu_jiao_sun_wang_2021, title={Development of a polycaprolactone/poly(p-dioxanone) bioresorbable stent with mechanically self-reinforced structure for congenital heart disease treatment}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2452-199X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.017}, abstractNote={Recent progress in bioresorbable stents (BRSs) has provided a promising alternative for treating coronary artery disease. However, there is still lack of BRSs with satisfied compression and degradation performance for pediatric patients with congenital heart disease, leading to suboptimal therapy effects. Here, we developed a mechanically self-reinforced composite bioresorbable stent (cBRS) for congenital heart disease application. The cBRS consisted of poly(p-dioxanone) monofilaments and polycaprolactone/poly(p-dioxanone) core-shell composite yarns. Interlacing points in cBRS structure were partially bonded, offering the cBRS with significantly higher compression force compared to typical braids and remained good compliance. The suitable degradation profile of the cBRS can possibly preserve vascular remodeling and healing process. In addition, the controllable structural organization provides a method to customize the performance of the cBRS by altering the proportion of different components in the braids. The in vivo results suggested the cBRS supported the vessel wall similar to that of metallic stent. In both abdominal aorta and iliac artery of porcine, cBRS was entirely endothelialized within 1 month and maintained target vessels with good patency in the 12-month follow-up. The in vivo degradation profile of the cBRS is consistent with static degradation results in vitro. It is also demonstrated that there is minimal impact of pulsatile pressure of blood flow and variation of radial force on the degradation rate of the cBRS. Moreover, the lumen of cBRS implanted vessels were enlarged after 6 months, and significantly larger than the vessels implanted with metallic stent in 12 months.}, number={9}, journal={BIOACTIVE MATERIALS}, author={Zhao, Fan and Sun, Jing and Xue, Wen and Wang, Fujun and King, Martin W. and Yu, Chenglong and Jiao, Yongjie and Sun, Kun and Wang, Lu}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={2969–2982} }
 @article{xie_chen_celik_akkus_king_2021, title={Evaluation of an electrochemically aligned collagen yarn for textile scaffold fabrication}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1748-605X"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-605X/abdf9e}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Xie, Yu and Chen, Jiyang and Celik, Hakan and Akkus, Ozan and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @article{guan_yu_fang_guidoin_king_wang_wang_2021, title={Exploration into practical significance of integral water permeability of textile vascular grafts}, volume={19}, ISSN={["2280-8000"]}, DOI={10.1177/22808000211014007}, abstractNote={ Water permeability of textile vascular grafts has been considered as a key indicator for predicting blood permeability after implantation. However, a correlation between water and blood permeability has not been established yet. Therefore, even though the water permeability of a vascular graft can be tested according to the standard ISO 7198, the results fail to guide a manufacturer or a surgeon to judge whether this vascular graft needs pre-clotting or not prior to implantation. As a result, all commercial graft products show almost zero water permeability, which leads to the loss of advantages that textile vascular grafts have the pore size-controlled porous wall. To solve this problem, four types of woven vascular grafts were designed and manufactured in the present work. Then their permeability to water, simulated plasma, and anticoagulated whole blood were measured at graded pressures from 8 to 16 kPa. Moreover, the correlations among the water permeability, the simulated plasma permeability, and the anticoagulated whole blood permeability were established. The results suggest that relatively steady correlations exist between the water permeability and the anticoagulated whole blood permeability, and that the evaluation of the blood permeability using the water permeability is feasible and objective. The present work provides a quantitative method for evaluating the blood permeability using the water permeability, and the latter is thus endowed with practical significance for guiding designs and clinical pre-clotting operations of textiles vascular grafts. }, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMATERIALS & FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Guan, Guoping and Yu, Chenglong and Fang, Xuan and Guidoin, Robert and King, Martin W. and Wang, Hongjun and Wang, Lu}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{vaid_yildirim_pasquinelli_king_2021, title={Hydrolytic Degradation of Polylactic Acid Fibers as a Function of pH and Exposure Time}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1420-3049"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247554}, DOI={10.3390/molecules26247554}, abstractNote={Polylactic acid (PLA) is a widely used bioresorbable polymer in medical devices owing to its biocompatibility, bioresorbability, and biodegradability. It is also considered a sustainable solution for a wide variety of other applications, including packaging. Because of its widespread use, there have been many studies evaluating this polymer. However, gaps still exist in our understanding of the hydrolytic degradation in extreme pH environments and its impact on physical and mechanical properties, especially in fibrous materials. The goal of this work is to explore the hydrolytic degradation of PLA fibers as a function of a wide range of pH values and exposure times. To complement the experimental measurements, molecular-level details were obtained using both molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ReaxFF and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The hydrolytic degradation of PLA fibers from both experiments and simulations was observed to have a faster rate of degradation in alkaline conditions, with 40% of strength loss of the fibers in just 25 days together with an increase in the percent crystallinity of the degraded samples. Additionally, surface erosion was observed in these PLA fibers, especially in extreme alkaline environments, in contrast to bulk erosion observed in molded PLA grafts and other materials, which is attributed to the increased crystallinity induced during the fiber spinning process. These results indicate that spun PLA fibers function in a predictable manner as a bioresorbable medical device when totally degraded at end-of-life in more alkaline conditions.}, number={24}, journal={MOLECULES}, author={Vaid, Radhika and Yildirim, Erol and Pasquinelli, Melissa A. and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @article{gajjar_stallrich_pasquinelli_king_2021, title={Process-Property Relationships for Melt-Spun Poly(lactic acid) Yarn}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2470-1343"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c01557}, DOI={10.1021/acsomega.1c01557}, abstractNote={Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an attractive biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and fiber-forming ability. However, the polymer is highly susceptible to both hydrolytic and thermal degradation during processing. Melt processing conditions typically involve high temperature and shear, whereas to prevent premature degradation, PLA needs to be processed under the mildest conditions that still yield the desired yarn properties. Thus, there is a need to determine the optimum processing conditions to achieve the desired properties of extruded PLA yarn. This study focuses on the effect of melt-spinning process parameters on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of the resulting PLA yarn and to derive their process–property relationships. The study compares the effect of process parameters like melt temperature, throughput through the spinneret, take-up speed at the wind-up roller, draw ratio, and drawing temperature on the yarn properties such as the yarn size (linear mass density), tenacity, elongation at break, crystallinity, and molecular weight. Depending on the combination of process parameters, the resulting PLA yarn had a yarn size ranging from 6.2 to 101.6 tex, tenacity ranging from 2.5 to 34.1 gf/tex, elongation at break ranging from 4 to 480%, and degree of crystallinity ranging from 14.6 to 62.2%. Certain combinations of processing parameters resulted in higher process-induced degradation, as evident from the reduction in molecular weight, ranging from 7.6% reduction to 20.5% reduction. Findings from this study increase our understanding on how different process parameters can be utilized to achieve the desired properties of the as-spun and drawn PLA yarn while controlling process-induced premature degradation.}, number={24}, journal={ACS OMEGA}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and Stallrich, Jon W. and Pasquinelli, Melissa A. and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Jun}, pages={15920–15928} }
 @article{singhi_ford_king_2021, title={The effect of wet spinning conditions on the structure and properties of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate fibers}, volume={109}, ISSN={["1552-4981"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.34763}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={7}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS}, author={Singhi, Bhavya and Ford, Ericka N. and King, Martin W.}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={982–989} }
 @article{zhao_wang_king_wang_2019, title={Effect of dynamic and static loading during in vitro degradation of a braided composite bioresorbable cardiovascular stent}, volume={250}, ISSN={["1873-4979"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.matlet.2019.04.097}, abstractNote={Bioresorbable cardiovascular stents are usually subjected to dynamic mechanical loads in vivo, which results in a different degradation profile compared to that measured under a static in vitro immersion test. In this study, a dynamic test platform was used to mimic cyclic pulsatile pressure and compared the changes in polymer properties of poly(p-dioxaone)/polycaprolane (PPDO/PCL) braided composite bioresorbable stents (BCBRSs) with static loading and non-loaded environments. The results showed static compressive load accelerated the changes in the hydrolysis process and crystallinity for polymers while the pulsatile pressure increased surface corrosion of the stent struts. Moreover, the degradation rate under dynamic loading was attenuated due to the mitigation of viscous flow of molecule chains and autocatalysis process, compared with that under static loading and non-loaded conditions.}, journal={MATERIALS LETTERS}, author={Zhao, Fan and Wang, Fujun and King, Martin W. and Wang, Lu}, year={2019}, month={Sep}, pages={12–15} }
 @article{zhang_xie_celik_akkus_bernacki_king_2019, title={Engineering small-caliber vascular grafts from collagen filaments and nanofibers with comparable mechanical properties to native vessels}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1758-5090"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ab15ce}, DOI={10.1088/1758-5090/ab15ce}, abstractNote={At the present time, there is no successful synthetic, off-the-shelf small-caliber vascular graft (<6 mm) for the repair or bypass of the coronary or carotid arteries. This stimulates on-going investigations to fabricate an artificial vascular graft that has both sufficient mechanical properties as well as superior biological performance. Collagen has long been considered as a viable material to encourage cell recruitment, tissue regeneration, and revascularization, but its use has been limited by its inferior mechanical properties. In this study, novel electrochemically aligned collagen filaments were used to engineer a bilayer small-caliber vascular graft, by circular knitting the collagen filaments and electrospinning collagen nanofibers. The collagen prototype grafts showed significantly greater bursting strength under dry and hydrated conditions to that of autografts such as the human internal mammary artery and the saphenous vein (SV). The suture retention strength was sufficient under dry condition, but that under hydrated condition needs to be further improved. The radial dynamic compliance of the collagen grafts was similar to that of the human SV. During in vitro cell culture assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the prototype collagen grafts also encouraged cell adhesion and promoted cell proliferation compared to the synthetic poly(lactic acid) grafts. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the feasibility of the use of novel collagen filaments for fabricating small caliber tissue-engineered vascular grafts that provide both sufficient mechanical properties and superior biological performance.}, number={3}, journal={BIOFABRICATION}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Zhang, Fan and Xie, Yu and Celik, Hakan and Akkus, Ozan and Bernacki, Susan H. and King, Martin W.}, year={2019}, month={Jul} }
 @article{gull_khan_butt_zia_khalid_islam_sajid_khan_king_2019, title={Hybrid cross-linked hydrogels as a technology platform for in vitro release of cephradine}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1099-1581"]}, DOI={10.1002/pat.4688}, abstractNote={Hydrogel‐based drug delivery systems can leverage therapeutically favorable upshots of drug release and found clinical uses. Hydrogels offer temporal and spatial control over the release of different therapeutic agents. Because of their tailor made controllable degradability, physical properties, and ability to prevent the labile drugs from degradation, hydrogels provide platform on which diverse physicochemical interactions with entrapped drugs cause to control drug release. Herein, we report the fabrication of novel vinyltrimethoxy silane (VTMS) cross‐linked chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone hydrogels. Swelling in distilled water in conjunction with different buffer and electrolyte solutions was performed to assess the swellability of hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were further conducted to investigate the possible interactions between components, thermal stability, and crystallinity of as‐prepared hybrid hydrogels, respectively. In vitro time‐dependent biodegradability, antimicrobial study, and cytotoxicity were also carried out to evaluate their extensive biocompatibility and cytotoxic behavior. More interestingly, in vitro drug release study allowed for the controlled release of cephradine. Therefore, this facile strategy developed the novel biocompatible and biodegradable hybrid hydrogels, which could significantly expand the scope of these hydrogels in other biomedical applications like scaffolds, skin regeneration, tissue engineering, etc.}, number={9}, journal={POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES}, author={Gull, Nafisa and Khan, Shahzad Maqsood and Butt, Muhammad Taqi Zahid and Zia, Saba and Khalid, Syed and Islam, Atif and Sajid, Imran and Khan, Rafi Ullah and King, Martin William}, year={2019}, month={Sep}, pages={2414–2424} }
 @article{zhao_wang_liu_wang_king_wang_2018, title={Composite Self-Expanding Bioresorbable Stents With Reinforced Compression Performance: A Computational and Experimental Investigation}, volume={68}, ISSN={["0741-5214"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.169}, abstractNote={Bioresorbable cardiovascular stents are currently developed to reduce the risk of long-term thrombosis and restenosis in diseased vessels. However, absorbable polymers remain mechanically weaker and have a relatively higher degree of stent recoil than metal does. Hence, we hereby intended to develop novel composite bioresorbable stents (cBRSs) made of poly(p- dioxanone) (PPDO) and polycaprolactone with mechanically reinforced compression performance for pediatric patients. The cBRSs with PPDO monofilaments and PPDO-polycaprolactone composite braiding yarns were fabricated on a 32-bobbin braiding machine using different ratios (7:1 for cBRS type A and 3:1 for cBRS type B) and thermally treated in air thereafter. The properties of different prototypes compressed were evaluated by a parallel compression tester. Stent stress distribution and deformation mechanisms were also analyzed by the finite element method. Partial interlacing yarns were bonded, and the peeling force was as high as 2126.67 ± 133.14 mN to restrict their movement greatly compared with the friction resistance (<100 mN) in the control group. The compression force was promoted dramatically in the novel composite prototype stents by 124.06% in cBRS type A and 169.58% in cBRS type B. Besides, the recovery abilities were also improved significantly. Moreover, deformation mechanisms revealed by computational simulations showed that bonded interlacing points among yarn played an important role. This study demonstrated a novel technique for designing bioresorbable polymeric prototype stents with reinforced compression performance using a braiding and annealing procedure. The advantage of this design lies in the bonded strand interlacing points that restricted stent elongation and yarn gliding, which was revealed by computational simulations. In addition, the degradation behavior of novel composite braided stents will be evaluated in the future.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY}, author={Zhao, Fan and Wang, Fujun and Liu, Laijun and Wang, Jianan and King, Martin W. and Wang, Lu}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={E82–E83} }
 @article{zhang_crawford_forbes_cole_king_2018, title={In Vitro Fatigue Evaluation of Chimney Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: A Case Study}, volume={68}, ISSN={["0741-5214"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.186}, abstractNote={The objective was to evaluate the positional stability and physical properties of stent grafts and covered stents that have been used in an aortic arch chimney endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for a specific patient who had a thoracoabdominal aneurysm. An accelerated mechanical fatigue test of 120 million cycles (3 life-years) was applied to a Cook stent graft and an Atrium covered stent that were deployed inside a customized polyurethane phantom using a chimney EVAR approach. They were then mounted on an ElectroForce (TA Instruments, New Castle, Del) accelerated fatigue tester. Fabrication of the polyurethane phantoms was based on the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine images of the patient. The fatigued phantom with the endovascular devices inside was monitored by computed tomography scans and endoscopy views to determine changes in the size and position of the devices. Postfatigue tests including scanning electron microscopy, bursting strength, and fabric count were performed to identify any changes in the physical properties of the stent graft fabric. The distal angle between the chimney covered stent and the thoracic stent graft experienced significant changes during 10 to 20 million cycles (129.53 ± 2.56 degrees and 127.13 ± 1.54 degrees, respectively) compared with the control group at zero cycles (134.97 ± 2.99 degrees; P < .05). The total length of the chimney covered stent changed significantly during the first 1 million cycles from 39.33 ± 0.05 mm to 38.03 ± 0.45 mm (P < .05). The proximal angle and area, bursting strength, and graft fabric count remained stable during fatiguing. No apparent surface abrasion was observed by scanning electron microscopy. This chimney EVAR approach for this particular patient maintained acceptable positional and dimensional stability based on this in vitro mechanical fatigue study that mimicked a 3-year life period. These conclusions are helpful in providing clinically relevant follow-up information for this particularly challenging patient who required the off-label use of two EVAR devices.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY}, author={Zhang, Runqian and Crawford, Sean and Forbes, Thomas and Cole, Jacqueline H. and King, Martin W.}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={E92–E92} }
 @article{lamba_herson_jindani_king_2017, title={Evaluation of Antimicrobial-Treated Fabric Properties}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2330-5517"]}, DOI={10.14504/ajr.4.1.2}, abstractNote={New antimicrobial textile finishes with enhanced action against microbes are needed for improved protection in critical applications, including hospital infection control and biodefense. This study compares fabric treated with a novel quaternary ammonium compound-based antimicrobial treatment with untreated fabric, using a new method for determining the antimicrobial efficacy of fabrics and textiles. The effects of contact temperature, contact time, and bacterial load were demonstrated. The lowest concentrations of bacterial cells were killed very quickly. Increasing contact time resulted in inactivation of larger numbers of cells, as did elevating temperature from 24 °C to 37 °C. Important physical properties of the fabrics were retained. The simplicity, and good reproducibility, of the test procedure supports its use for the rapid screening and assessment of fabric specimens for antimicrobial activity.}, number={1}, journal={AATCC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH}, author={Lamba, Nina M. and Herson, Diane S. and Jindani, Rahim and King, Martin W.}, year={2017}, month={Jan}, pages={14–21} }
 @article{guan_wang_lin_king_2016, title={Compliance Study of Endovascular Stent Grafts Incorporated with Polyester and Polyurethane Graft Materials in both Stented and Unstented Zones}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1996-1944"]}, DOI={10.3390/ma9080658}, abstractNote={Compliance mismatch between stent graft and host artery may induce complications and blood flow disorders. However, few studies have been reported on stent graft compliance. This study aims to explore the deformation and compliance of stent graft in stented and unstented zones under three pressure ranges. Compliance of two stent grafts incorporated with polyurethane graft (nitinol-PU) and polyester graft (nitinol-PET) materials respectively were tested; the stents used in the two stent grafts were identical. For the circumferential deformation of the stent grafts under each pressure range, the nitinol-PET stent graft was uniform in both zones. The nitinol-PU stent graft was circumferentially uniform in the stented zone, however, it was nonuniform in the unstented zone. The compliance of the PU graft material was 15 times higher than that of the PET graft. No significant difference in compliance was observed between stented and unstented zones of the nitinol-PET stent graft regardless of the applied pressure range. However, for the nitinol-PU stent graft, compliance of the unstented PU region was approximately twice that of the stented region; thus, compliance along the length of the nitinol-PU stent graft was not constant and different from that of the nitinol-PET stent graft.}, number={8}, journal={Materials}, author={Guan, Ying and Wang, Lu and Lin, Jing and King, Martin W.}, year={2016}, month={Aug} }
 @article{qian_qi_zheng_king_lv_ye_2016, title={Incorporation of Rutin in Electrospun Pullulan/PVA Nanofibers for Novel UV-Resistant Properties}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1996-1944"]}, DOI={10.3390/ma9070504}, abstractNote={This study aimed to investigate the incorporation of rutin into electrospun pullulan and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers to obtain ultraviolet (UV)-resistant properties. The effect of weight ratios between pullulan and PVA, and the addition of rutin on the nanofibers’ morphology and diameters were studied and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis was utilized to investigate the interaction between pullulan and PVA, as well as with rutin. The results showed that the inclusion of PVA results in the increase in the fiber’s diameter. The addition of rutin had no obvious effect on the fibers’ average diameters when the content of rutin was less than 7.41%. FTIR results indicated that a hydrogen bond formed between pullulan and PVA, also between these polymers and rutin. Moreover, the addition of rutin could enhance the mechanical properties due to its stiff structure and could decrease the transmittance of UVA and UVB to be fewer than 5%; meanwhile, the value of ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) reached more than 40 and 50 when the content of rutin was 4.46% and 5.67%, respectively. Therefore, the electrospun pullulan/PVA/rutin nanofibrous mats showed excellent UV resistance and have potential applications in anti-ultraviolet packaging and dressing materials.}, number={7}, journal={MATERIALS}, author={Qian, Yongfang and Qi, Mengjie and Zheng, Laijiu and King, Martin W. and Lv, Lihua and Ye, Fang}, year={2016}, month={Jul} }
 @article{xie_guan_kim_king_2016, title={The mechanical performance of weft-knitted/electrospun bilayer small diameter vascular prostheses}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1878-0180"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.04.011}, abstractNote={Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for a significant mortality rate worldwide. Autologous vessels, such as the saphenous vein and the internal mammary artery, are currently the gold standard materials for by-pass surgery. However, they may not always be available due to aging, previous harvesting or the pre-existing arterial disease. Synthetic commercial ePTFE and polyester (PET) are not suitable for small diameter vascular grafts (<6 mm), mainly due to their poor circumferential compliance, rapid thrombus formation and low endothelialization. In order to reduce thrombogenicity and improve cell proliferation, we developed a collagen/elastin knitted/electrospun bilayer graft made of biodegradable and biocompatible poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) polymers to mimic the multilayer structure of native arteries. We also designed the prostheses to provide some of the required mechanical properties. While the bilayer structure had excellent circumferential tensile strength, bursting strength and suture retention resistance, the radial compliance did not show any observable improvement.}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Xie, Yu and Guan, Ying and Kim, Soo-Hyun and King, Martin W.}, year={2016}, month={Aug}, pages={410–418} }
 @article{guan_yang_wang_guan_king_2015, title={A novel silk/polyester woven small diameter arterial prosthesis: Degumming and the influence on cytocompatibility}, volume={16}, DOI={10.1007/s12221-015-4934-5}, number={7}, journal={Fibers and Polymers}, author={Guan, Y. and Yang, X. Y. and Wang, L. and Guan, G. P. and KING, Martin W.}, year={2015}, pages={1533–1539} }
 @article{niu_rouabhia_chiffot_king_zhang_2015, title={An electrically conductive 3D scaffold based on a nonwoven web of poly(l-lactic acid) and conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)}, volume={103}, ISSN={["1552-4965"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.a.35408}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A}, author={Niu, Xufeng and Rouabhia, Mahmoud and Chiffot, Nicolas and King, Martin W. and Zhang, Ze}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={2635–2644} }
 @article{ruthrauff_king_soulez_tan_crawford_roche-nagle_cloutier_tse_2015, title={Effects of Pulsatile Fatigue on In Situ Antegrade Fenestrated Polyester Stent Grafts Deployed in a Patient-Specific Phantom Model of Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1535-7732"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvir.2015.06.038}, abstractNote={To evaluate the effects of in situ fenestration on the fabric of stent grafts deployed in a patient-specific phantom of a juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.Four patient-specific juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm polyurethane models were created, and bifurcated Zenith (Cook, Inc, Bloomington, Indiana) and Endurant (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minneapolis) endografts were deployed into the models, covering the renal arteries. Antegrade in situ fenestration was carried out with radiofrequency puncture followed by balloon dilation with either conventional or cutting balloons. Renal covered stents were deployed and flared. Specimens were mounted onto an accelerated fatigue tester for 40M cycles (1 patient life-year), and evaluated with microscopy, caliper measurements, and fabric counts.Cutting balloons resulted in more fabric fraying. None of the fenestrations grew beyond the targeted 6-mm diameter despite accelerated fatigue. Fluoroscopic images demonstrated a very prominent waist of the renal fenestration in the Cook device when a conventional balloon was used compared with a cutting balloon. The average fenestration diameter for the Cook device was only 3.1 mm with the conventional balloon compared with 4.8 mm with the cutting balloon. The average fenestration diameter for the Medtronic device was 3.8 mm with the conventional balloon compared with 5.1 mm with the cutting balloon. The fabric counts suggested crowding of yarns around the fenestrations with conventional balloons but less with cutting balloons.This experimental work suggests that the size of in situ renal fenestrations does not expand beyond the target diameter despite cyclic fatigue. Although the small number of devices tested and selected aortorenal anatomy in this study may limit conclusions, textile analysis suggests that cutting balloons should be used for the Cook Zenith device, whereas conventional balloons should be used for the Medtronic Endurant device when performing in situ fenestration.}, number={10}, journal={JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY}, author={Ruthrauff, Alicia A. and King, Martin W. and Soulez, Gilles and Tan, Kong T. and Crawford, Sean A. and Roche-Nagle, Graham and Cloutier, Guy and Tse, Leonard W.}, year={2015}, month={Oct}, pages={1551–1558} }
 @article{fu_wang_wang_guan_hu_xie_wang_king_2015, title={Influence of structures on the mechanical and absorption properties of a textile pile debridement material and its biological evaluation}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2046-2069"]}, DOI={10.1039/c5ra18746j}, abstractNote={Textile pile debridement materials were prepared by sliver knitting and back-coating. They gave superior mechanical performance, greater liquid absorption and satisfactory biocompatibility compared to a cotton gauze control sample.}, number={106}, journal={RSC ADVANCES}, author={Fu, Yijun and Wang, Lu and Wang, Fujun and Guan, Guoping and Hu, Xingyou and Xie, Qixue and Wang, Wenzu and King, Martin W.}, year={2015}, pages={87580–87588} }
 @article{yang_wang_guan_zhang_shen_guan_peng_li_king_2015, title={Mechanical and biocompatibility performance of bicomponent polyester/silk fibroin small-diameter arterial prostheses}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2280-8000"]}, DOI={10.5301/jabfm.5000225}, abstractNote={Background In this study, we fabricated prototype bicomponent polyester/silk fibroin small-diameter arterial prostheses using a specially designed narrow ribbon shuttle loom. }, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMATERIALS & FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Yang, Xiaoyuan and Wang, Lu and Guan, Guoping and Zhang, Hongqi and Shen, Gaotian and Guan, Ying and Peng, Lei and Li, Yuling and King, Martin W.}, year={2015}, pages={E201–E209} }
 @article{tambe_di_zhang_bernacki_el-shafei_king_2015, title={Novel genipin-collagen immobilization of polylactic acid (PLA) fibers for use as tissue engineering scaffolds}, volume={103}, ISSN={["1552-4981"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84937440015&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.33285}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS}, author={Tambe, Nisarg and Di, Jin and Zhang, Ze and Bernacki, Susan and El-Shafei, Ahmed and King, Martin W.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={1188–1197} }
 @article{elahi_guan_wang_zhao_wang_king_2015, title={Surface Modification of Silk Fibroin Fabric Using Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition and Heparin Immobilization for Small-Diameter Vascular Prostheses}, volume={31}, ISSN={0743-7463 1520-5827}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/LA504503W}, DOI={10.1021/LA504503W}, abstractNote={There is an urgent need to develop a biologically active implantable small-diameter vascular prosthesis with long-term patency. Silk-fibroin-based small-diameter vascular prosthesis is a promising candidate having higher patency rate; however, the surface modification is indeed required to improve its further hemocompatibility. In this study, silk fibroin fabric was modified by a two-stage process. First, the surface of silk fibroin fabric was coated using a layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte deposition technique by stepwise dipping the silk fibroin fabric into a solution of cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and anionic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) solution. The dipping procedure was repeated to obtain the PAH/PAA multilayers deposited on the silk fibroin fabrics. Second, the polyelectrolyte-deposited silk fibroin fabrics were treated in EDC/NHS-activated low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) solution at 4 °C for 24 h, resulting in immobilization of LMWH on the silk fibroin fabrics surface. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray data revealed the accomplishment of LMWH immobilization on the polyelectrolyte-deposited silk fibroin fabric surface. The higher the number of PAH/PAA coating layers on the silk fibroin fabric, the more surface hydrophilicity could be obtained, resulting in a higher fetal bovine serum protein and platelets adhesion resistance properties when tested in vitro. In addition, compared with untreated sample, the surface-modified silk fibroin fabrics showed negligible loss of bursting strength and thus reveal the acceptability of polyelectrolytes deposition and heparin immobilization approach for silk-fibroin-based small-diameter vascular prostheses modification.}, number={8}, journal={Langmuir}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Elahi, M. Fazley and Guan, Guoping and Wang, Lu and Zhao, Xinzhe and Wang, Fujun and King, Martin W.}, year={2015}, month={Feb}, pages={2517–2526} }
 @article{zou_wang_li_wang_chen_king_2014, title={A resorbable bicomponent braided ureteral stent with improved mechanical performance}, volume={38}, ISSN={["1878-0180"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.06.004}, abstractNote={Bioresorbable ureteral stents have the advantage of eliminating the need for a second removal surgery and hence avoiding certain complications. However the inadequate mechanical performance and lack of control over the rate of resorption limit the use of current prototype designs. This paper focuses on a series of resorbable millimeter-sized stents which were fabricated by a unique combination of braiding and thermal treatment processes. Their mechanical properties where optimized by varying the braided structure and different resorbable components. Five different bicomponent structures were fabricated for the stent with different areas and distributions of poly (glycolic acid) (PGA) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) resorbable yarns. Subsequent thermal treatment then converted the PLGA yarns into areas of continuous PLGA polymer film. The morphology, applied compression resistance and recovery and tensile strength tests were conducted on these prototype stents so as to investigate the relationship between their structures and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate resorbable biomaterials and altering the design of the braided structure it was possible to generate different sized areas and distributions of 100% braided yarn and 100% polymer film within the same bicomponent tubular structure. The relative total area of braided yarn to polymer film coverage was different for the five different prototype stents as well as between the external and internal surfaces of the bicomponent stents. This relative coverage of the braided yarn to polymer film played an important role in determining the mechanical performance of the stents, including the compression and recovery behavior as well as the tensile properties and failure morphology. The design of Stent C appeared to have the optimal structure for a resorbable ureteral stent with superior applied compression and tensile properties.}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Zou, Ting and Wang, Lu and Li, Wenchao and Wang, Wenzu and Chen, Fang and King, Martin W.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={17–25} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Biotextiles: Fiber to Fabric for Medical Applications}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_3}, abstractNote={This chapter describes the importance of fiber-forming biopolymers. Manufacturing processes for biotextiles, and the fabrication of textile structures are also discussed.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={11–22} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Current Applications of Biotextiles and Future Trends}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_7}, abstractNote={Biotextiles have been used for permanent as well as temporary applications. This chapter reviews the applications of biotextile medical devices along with their structures. Future trends for biotextile devices are also discussed.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={67–75} }
 @article{wang_mohammed_li_ge_wang_king_2014, title={Degradable/non-degradable polymer composites for in-situ tissue engineering small diameter vascular prosthesis application}, volume={24}, number={6}, journal={Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering}, author={Wang, F. J. and Mohammed, A. and Li, C. J. and Ge, P. and Wang, L. and King, M. W.}, year={2014}, pages={2127–2133} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Degradation Process}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_2}, abstractNote={A resorbable biomaterial degrades either by bulk erosion or by surface erosion mechanisms. The critical device dimension is believed to govern the degradation mechanism. Autocatalytic degradation also plays an important role in the degradation of bulk eroding polymers.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={7–10} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Enzymatically Sensitive Fiber-Forming Bioresorbable Polymers}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_6}, abstractNote={This chapter reviews the fiber-forming resorbable polymers that are sensitive to degradation by enzymes. Mechanical properties, applications, and the mechanism of enzymatic degradation have been discussed.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={49–65} }
 @article{eadie_soulez_king_tse_2014, title={Graft Durability and Fatigue after In Situ Fenestration of Endovascular Stent Grafts Using Radiofrequency Puncture and Balloon Dilatation}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1532-2165"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.02.008}, abstractNote={In situ fenestration of endovascular stent grafts is a technique that is becoming more common, as it has the advantages of decreased cost, increased availability, and more anatomic configuration than other methods of branch revascularization. However, a significant concern is the short- and long-term durability of the stent graft fabric during and after fenestration.This study utilizes the textiles analysis techniques of macro- and microscopic imaging, tear strength testing, burst strength testing, and accelerated cyclic fatigue testing on the fabrics of the Cook Zenith, Medtronic Talent, and Medtronic Endurant stent grafts (three polyester grafts), as well as two different expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes. Specimens were punctured using radiofrequency, and serially dilated with angioplasty balloons (3, 5, and 7 mm). For each type of fabric, three groups were analyzed: control, radiofrequency (RF) puncture only, and balloon dilated.A total of 110 specimens were analyzed, with 80 of them having been fenestrated. The Zenith fabric had the greatest strength after fenestration, but was limited by the inability to fully dilate the fenestration with the conventional balloons, which only achieved 26-29% of their nominal balloon diameter. While the Talent and Endurant grafts could be dilated with balloons, the orifices were markedly elliptical not circular. After accelerated fatigue testing, there was an increase in the size of fenestrations of the Talent fabric. There was no increase in fenestration size for the Endurant fabric, Zenith fabric, or the ePTFE fabrics, after fatigue testing.While the Zenith fabric was the strongest both before and after fenestration, it requires further study with cutting balloons to achieve full-sized fenestrations. All fenestrations remained stable during fatigue testing except for the Talent fabric. This study serves as the baseline for future studies that will include stent grafts, branch stents, and cutting balloons.}, number={5}, journal={EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY}, author={Eadie, L. A. and Soulez, G. and King, M. W. and Tse, L. W.}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={501–508} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Hydrolytically Sensitive Fiber-Forming Bioresorbable Polymers}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_4}, abstractNote={There are many different resorbable polymer systems based on different degradation mechanisms, and having a range of physical and mechanical properties. This chapter covers those polymers that are fiber forming and hydrolytically sensitive. Mechanical properties, resorption profile, and medical applications for these polymers have been discussed.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={23–41} }
 @article{elahi_guan_wang_king_2014, title={Improved Hemocompatibility of Silk Fibroin Fabric Using Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition and Heparin Immobilization}, volume={131}, ISSN={["1097-4628"]}, DOI={10.1002/app.40772}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={18}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE}, author={Elahi, M. Fazley and Guan, Guoping and Wang, Lu and King, Martin W.}, year={2014}, month={Sep} }
 @article{samberg_mente_he_king_monteiro-riviere_2014, title={In Vitro Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Efficacy of a Degradable Poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) Copolymer Incorporated with Silver Nanoparticles}, volume={42}, ISSN={["1573-9686"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84904246786&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s10439-013-0929-9}, abstractNote={Silver nanoparticles (Ag-nps) are currently used as a natural biocide to prevent undesired bacterial growth in clothing, cosmetics and medical products. The objective of the study was to impart antibacterial properties through the incorporation of Ag-nps at increasing concentrations to electrospun degradable 50:50 poly(l-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) scaffolds for skin tissue engineering applications. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds containing Ag-nps was evaluated with human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK); cell viability and proliferation were evaluated using Live/Dead and alamarBlue viability assays following 7 and 14 days of cell culture on the scaffolds. Significant decreases in cell viability and proliferation were noted for the 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)−1 after 7 and 14 days on Ag-nps scaffolds. After 14 days, scanning electron microscopy revealed a confluent layer of HEK on the surface of the 0.0 and 0.1 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)−1. Both 0.5 and 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)−1 were capable of inhibiting both Gram positive and negative bacterial strains. Uniaxial tensile tests revealed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the modulus of elasticity following Ag-nps incorporation compared to control. These findings suggest that a scaffold containing between 0.5 and 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)−1 is both biocompatible and antibacterial, and is suitable for skin tissue engineering graft scaffolds.}, number={7}, journal={ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING}, author={Samberg, Meghan E. and Mente, Peter and He, Ting and King, Martin W. and Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A.}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={1482–1493} }
 @article{elahi_guan_wang_king_2014, title={Influence of Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition and EDC/NHS Activated Heparin Immobilization onto Silk Fibroin Fabric}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1996-1944"]}, DOI={10.3390/ma7042956}, abstractNote={To enhance the hemocompatibility of silk fibroin fabric as biomedical material, polyelectrolytes architectures have been assembled through the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique on silk fibroin fabric (SFF). In particular, 1.5 and 2.5 bilayer of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes were assembled onto SFF using poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as polycationic polymer and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as polyanionic polymer with PAH topmost. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) activated with 1-ethyl-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was then immobilized on its surface. Alcian Blue staining, toluidine blue assay and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of heparin on modified SFF surfaces. The surface morphology of the modified silk fibroin fabric surfaces was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and obtained increased roughness. Negligible hemolytic effect and a higher concentration of free hemoglobin by a kinetic clotting time test ensured the improved biological performance of the modified fibroin fabric. Overall, the deposition of 2.5 bilayer was found effective in terms of biological and surface properties of the modified fibroin fabric compared to 1.5 bilayer self-assembly technique. Therefore, this novel approach to surface modification may demonstrate long term patency in future in vivo animal trials of small diameter silk fibroin vascular grafts.}, number={4}, journal={MATERIALS}, author={Elahi, M. Fazley and Guan, Guoping and Wang, Lu and King, Martin W.}, year={2014}, month={Apr}, pages={2956–2977} }
 @article{zhang_wang_luo_king_2014, title={Natural dye extracted from Chinese gall - the application of color and antibacterial activity to wool fabric}, volume={80}, ISSN={["1879-1786"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.100}, abstractNote={A natural dye has been extracted from Chinese gall and its dyeability of wool fabric has been studied together with its colorfastness and antibacterial performance. A fractional factorial experimental design using Taguchi's orthogonal array was undertaken to determine the optimum extraction conditions of a 90 °C temperature, a 1:30 liquor ratio and two extraction cycles each 60 min long. The extracted dye liquor was then used in a second orthogonal design of experiment to determine the optimum pre-mordant dyeing conditions on wool fabric. Under these conditions of 200% dye liquor concentration, 2.5% mordant concentration, pH 8 and 98 °C, the colorfastness of the optimum dyed fabric to washing, crocking and perspiration were found to be all acceptable with at least a Grey Scale rating of 3. Antibacterial activity of this dyed wool was confirmed by exposing the fabric to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The fabric dyed with Chinese gall extract reduced the number of viable organisms by 99.90% and 96.55% respectively. The market evaluation and cost of Chinese gall have been analyzed. The economic benefit for Chinese gall was acceptable and can be used in dyeing and antibacterial finishing of textile materials.}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION}, author={Zhang, Bin and Wang, Lu and Luo, Liangfei and King, Martin W.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={204–210} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Overview of Resorbable Biomaterials}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_1}, abstractNote={Importance of textile based resorbable biomaterials is discussed in this chapter. Requisites for an ideal biomaterial are also given.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={1–5} }
 @article{yang_wang_guan_king_li_peng_guan_hu_2014, title={Preparation and evaluation of bicomponent and homogeneous polyester silk small diameter arterial prostheses}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1530-8022"]}, DOI={10.1177/0885328212472216}, abstractNote={ The development of a small diameter (≤5 mm) arterial prosthesis requires the appropriate selection of materials, structure and fabrication method so as to provide adequate mechanical properties, superior biocompatibility and precise control over the diameter. In this study, 100% polyester, 100% silk fibroin and a combination of both yarns were woven into seamless tubular prototype prostheses with different basic weaves. After degumming/scouring they met a target inner diameter of 3.9±0.3 mm which demonstrates that weaving is a precise way to manufacture small caliber arterial prostheses. In conclusion, the bicomponent polyester/silk woven samples had superior mechanical properties and improved cytocompatibility compared to commercial ePTFE devices. }, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS}, author={Yang, Xiaoyuan and Wang, Lu and Guan, Guoping and King, Martin W. and Li, Yuling and Peng, Lei and Guan, Ying and Hu, Xingyou}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={676–687} }
 @article{gajjar_king_gajjar_king_2014, title={Processing Parameters and the Rate of Resorption}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6_5}, abstractNote={There are number of factors that affect the rate of resorption of polymers. These factors can be broadly classified under mechanical properties, fabrication process parameters, and in vivo environmental conditions. Though all these factors are important for successful in vivo performance of these polymers, factors such as spinning parameters, processing conditions, sterilization techniques, and packaging are important from the manufacturer's stand point. Effect of these parameters on the resorption rate has been discussed in this chapter.}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, Chirag R. and King, Martin W. and Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={43–48} }
 @book{gajjar_king_2014, title={Resorbable Fiber-Forming Polymers for Biotextile Applications}, ISBN={["978-3-319-08304-9"]}, ISSN={["2192-1091"]}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-08305-6}, abstractNote={This book summarizes the properties and applications of conventional and commercially available fiber-forming, bioresorbable polymers, as well as those currently under study, for use as biotextiles. F}, journal={RESORBABLE FIBER-FORMING POLYMERS FOR BIOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS}, author={Gajjar, CR and King, MW}, year={2014}, pages={1–78} }
 @article{yao_choules_rust_king_2014, title={The development of an in vitro test method for predicting the abrasion resistance of textile and metal components of endovascular stent grafts}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1552-4981"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.33026}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS}, author={Yao, Tong and Choules, Brian D. and Rust, Jon P. and King, Martin W.}, year={2014}, month={Apr}, pages={488–499} }
 @article{varan_gursoy_king_hauser_2013, title={Novel elastomeric fabrics for burn pressure garments using silver antimicrobial agents}, volume={23}, number={1}, journal={Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon}, author={Varan, N. Y. and Gursoy, N. C. and King, M. W. and Hauser, P. J.}, year={2013}, pages={38–42} }
 @article{chen_ding_li_king_gao_zhao_2012, title={A bilayer prototype woven vascular prosthesis with improved radial compliance}, volume={103}, ISSN={["0040-5000"]}, DOI={10.1080/00405000.2011.552956}, abstractNote={To minimize radial compliance mismatch between native arteries and vascular prostheses over the entire blood pressure range, a biomimetic woven prosthesis sample with a bilayer wall has been developed. Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) filaments were used as the circumferential yarns in the inner layer to increase the radial compliance of the inner wall, and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filaments formed the outer layer to provide a strong and more rigid external prosthesis wall. The two layers were joined together axially along the sample's length by a stitched weave. By means of a special weave design, the cross‐section of the tubular sample included a circumferentially crimped outer layer woven around the inner layer. This bilayer wall structure allowed only the inner layer of the sample to deform radially under small loads equivalent to low normal physiological (diastolic) blood pressures. As the load increased, the inner layer stretched until it came into contact with the outer layer. At higher (systolic) pressures, further loading caused both layers of the wall to deform together. As a result, the prosthesis showed high pressure‐induced compliance when the load was within the normal diastolic pressure range and lower compliance at higher systolic pressures.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE}, author={Chen, Ying and Ding, Xin and Li, Yuling and King, Martin W. and Gao, Jie and Zhao, Xueqian}, year={2012}, pages={106–111} }
 @misc{chung_king_2011, title={Design concepts and strategies for tissue engineering scaffolds}, volume={58}, ISSN={["1470-8744"]}, DOI={10.1002/bab.60}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY}, author={Chung, Sangwon and King, Martin W.}, year={2011}, pages={423–438} }
 @article{chung_gamcsik_king_2011, title={Novel scaffold design with multi-grooved PLA fibers}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1748-605X"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-6041/6/4/045001}, abstractNote={A novel prototype nonwoven textile structure containing polylactide (PLA) multigrooved fibers has been proposed as a possible scaffold material for superior cell attachment and proliferation. Grooved cross-sectional fibers with larger surface area were obtained by a bi-component spinning system and the complete removal of the sacrificial component was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. These PLA nonwoven scaffolds containing the grooved fibers exhibited enhanced wettability, greater flexibility and tensile properties, and a larger surface area compared to a traditional PLA nonwoven fabric containing round fibers. To evaluate cellular attachment on the two types of PLA nonwoven scaffolds, NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were cultured for up to 12 days. It was evident that the initial cellular attachment was superior on the scaffold with grooved fibers, which was confirmed by MTT viability assay (p < 0.01) and SEM analysis. In the future, by modulating the size of the grooves on the fibers, such a scaffold material with a large surface area could serve as an alternative matrix for culturing different types of cells.}, number={4}, journal={BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Chung, Sangwon and Gamcsik, Mike P. and King, Martin W.}, year={2011}, month={Aug} }
 @article{chung_ingle_montero_kim_king_2010, title={Bioresorbable elastomeric vascular tissue engineering scaffolds via melt spinning and electrospinning}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1878-7568"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.007}, abstractNote={Current surgical therapy for diseased vessels less than 6mm in diameter involves bypass grafting with autologous arteries or veins. Although this surgical practice is common, it has significant limitations and complications, such as occlusion, intimal hyperplasia and compliance mismatch. As a result, cardiovascular biomaterials research has been motivated to develop tissue-engineered blood vessel substitutes. In this study, vascular tissue engineering scaffolds were fabricated using two different approaches, namely melt spinning and electrospinning. Small diameter tubes were fabricated from an elastomeric bioresorbable 50:50 poly(l-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) copolymer having dimensions of 5mm in diameter and porosity of over 75%. Scaffolds electrospun from two different solvents, acetone and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol were compared in terms of their morphology, mechanical properties and cell viability. Overall, the mechanical properties of the prototype tubes exceeded the transverse tensile values of natural arteries of similar caliber. In addition to spinning the polymer separately into melt-spun and electrospun constructs, the approach in this study has successfully demonstrated that these two techniques can be combined to produce double-layered tubular scaffolds containing both melt-spun macrofibers (<200microm in diameter) and electrospun submicron fibers (>400nm in diameter). Since the vascular wall has a complex multilayered architecture and unique mechanical properties, there remain several significant challenges before a successful tissue-engineered artery is achieved.}, number={6}, journal={ACTA BIOMATERIALIA}, author={Chung, Sangwon and Ingle, Nilesh P. and Montero, Gerardo A. and Kim, Soo Hyun and King, Martin W.}, year={2010}, month={Jun}, pages={1958–1967} }
 @article{ingle_king_zikry_2010, title={Finite element analysis of barbed sutures in skin and tendon tissues}, volume={43}, ISSN={0021-9290}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.012}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.012}, abstractNote={Barbed surgical sutures are a new type of knotless suture that are currently being used clinically in cosmetic and plastic surgery procedures for faster healing and better cosmesis. Clinical studies are also underway to evaluate their performance in other deep tissue applications. However, little is known about their intrinsic mechanical behavior and their interactions with surrounding tissues. The primary objective of the current study was to analyze the mechanical behavior of barbed sutures using a finite element analysis approach. First, the effect of applying a point-pressure load to the tip of the barb and measuring its effect on barb displacement was studied. Second, the effect of an applied displacement to a barb anchored either in skin or tendon material for both the suture and the surrounding tissue. The results indicate that the flexibility of the barb can be increased or decreased by changing the barb geometry. It was concluded that the barb geometry and design need to be modified for use with different types of tissue. For example, in order to achieve the best mechanical anchoring with skin tissue the barb should be more flexible compared to the one designed to work with tendon tissue. The uniqueness of this study is that it is the first to establish a virtual prototyping and designing method for barbed sutures. For example, a new and improved virtual design of barb geometry is proposed and validated. It also provides the first report on how to develop a virtual bench top suture/tissue pullout testing environment.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Biomechanics}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ingle, N.P. and King, M.W. and Zikry, M.A.}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={879–886} }
 @article{yoon_king_michielsen_el-shafei_johnson_2010, title={Influence of surface modification on the adhesion between Nitinol wire and fluoropolymer films}, volume={8}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Biomechanics}, author={Yoon, H. and King, M. W. and Michielsen, S. and El-Shafei, A. and Johnson, E.}, year={2010}, pages={7–13} }
 @article{ingle_king_2010, title={Optimizing the tissue anchoring performance of barbed sutures in skin and tendon tissues}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1873-2380"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.08.033}, abstractNote={The focus of the current work was to study how the geometric design of a single barbed monofilament suture effects its biomechanical behavior. Different cut angles and cut depths of barbs were prepared and tested in vitro for their tensile and tissue anchoring properties by means of a novel suture/tissue pullout test. Experiments were also performed using bovine tendon and porcine skin tissues. The experimental results revealed that since tendon tissue has a higher modulus than skin it needs a more rigid barb to penetrate and anchor the surrounding tissue. A cut angle of 150° and a cut depth of 0.18 mm are therefore recommended. On the other hand, for the softer skin tissue, a cut angle of 170° and a cut depth of 0.18 mm provides a more flexible barb that gives superior skin tissue anchoring. These findings confirm that the future development of barbed suture technology requires a detailed understanding of the biomechanical properties of the tissue in which they are to be used. This will lead to the future development of a range of tissue-specific barbed sutures.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS}, author={Ingle, N. P. and King, M. W.}, year={2010}, month={Jan}, pages={302–309} }
 @article{zhao_wang_li_liu_king_2010, title={The Mathematical Model for Evaluating Fatigue Resistance of SG Tubular Fabric: Relationship between Textile Parameters and Fatigue Performance}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1530-8022"]}, DOI={10.1177/0885328208099437}, abstractNote={ Fatigue testing for twelve SG tubular fabrics with various textile parameters was performed under pulsatile pressure by an Accelerated fatigue tester. Two time points as of 0, and 1 × 108 cycles were selected. The percentage change of tubular diameter, fabric count, porosity, and water permeability before and after the fatigue testing were used to characterize the fatigue performance. Bursting work was used to indicate fatigue. The mathematical model of quantification theory I was used to analyze the influence of various textile parameters on the fatigue performance of SG tubular fabric. It was found that with the increase of fatigue time, bursting work decreased, and the predicting results by quantification theory I for the fatigue resistance were relatively accurate and the contribution ratio of each textile parameter to the fatigue performance was also obtained. Different textile parameter has different contribution ratio if different parameters were used to characterize the fatigue performance. Woven construction had more influence than yarn size on the fatigue performance, and yarn type had the least influence on it. Woven construction, yarn size, and yarn type had interactive influence on the fatigue performance. This can provide theoretical foundation for making better fatigue resistant SG tubular fabrics. }, number={7}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS}, author={Zhao, Huijing and Wang, Lu and Li, Yuling and Liu, Xiaoyan and King, Martin W.}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={579–590} }
 @article{zhao_wang_li_liu_king_2009, title={In vitro fatigue properties of prototype textile components of endovascular devices}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1875-0052"]}, DOI={10.1007/s12221-009-0091-z}, number={1}, journal={FIBERS AND POLYMERS}, author={Zhao, Huijing and Wang, Lu and Li, Yuling and Liu, Xiaoyan and King, Martin W.}, year={2009}, month={Feb}, pages={91–97} }
 @article{chung_moghe_montero_kim_king_2009, title={Nanofibrous scaffolds electrospun from elastomeric biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) copolymer}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1748-605X"]}, DOI={10.1088/1748-6041/4/1/015019}, abstractNote={Electrospinning has recently received much attention in biomedical applications, and has shown great potential as a novel scaffold fabrication method for tissue engineering. The nano scale diameter of the fibers produced and the structure of the web resemble certain supramolecular features of extracellular matrix which is favorable for cell attachment, growth and proliferation. There are various parameters that can alter the electrospinning process, and varying one or more of these conditions will result in producing different nanofibrous webs. So the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of material variables and process variables on the morphology of electrospun 50:50 poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) nanofibrous structures. The morphology of the nanofibers produced was strongly influenced by parameters such as the flow rate of the polymer solution, the electrospinning voltage and the solution concentration. The diameter was found to increase with solution concentration in a direct linear relationship. Finally, it has been successfully demonstrated that by increasing the rotation speed of the collector mandrel, the alignment of the fibers can be controlled in a preferred direction. These findings contribute to determining the functional conditions to electrospin this biodegradable elastomeric copolymer which has potential as a scaffold material for vascular tissue engineering.}, number={1}, journal={BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS}, author={Chung, Sangwon and Moghe, Ajit K. and Montero, Gerardo A. and Kim, Soo Hyun and King, Martin W.}, year={2009}, month={Feb} }
 @article{zhang_deng_cianciulli_zhang_chappard_lax_saccheri_redruello_jordana_prezioso_et al._2009, title={Pivoting system fracture in a bileaflet mechanical valve: A case report}, volume={90B}, ISSN={1552-4973 1552-4981}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.31324}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.b.31324}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Zhang, Hongbo and Deng, Xiaoyan and Cianciulli, Tomás Francisco and Zhang, Ze and Chappard, Daniel and Lax, Jorge Alberto and Saccheri, Maria Cristina and Redruello, Hector Jorge and Jordana, Jorge Luis and Prezioso, Horacio Alberto and et al.}, year={2009}, month={Aug}, pages={952–961} }
 @article{traore_guidoin_marois_zhang_douville_guidoin_king_legrand_2007, title={Newly developed hybrid suture without lubricant: Noninvasive in vivo assessment of biocompatibility with multiparametric MR imaging}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1521-0553"]}, DOI={10.1080/08941930701235924}, abstractNote={Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry were used to assess noninvasively the tissue response of a new uncoated hybrid braided suture made from a combination of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) (PET) yarns in comparison to a silicone impregnated braided 100% polyester (PET) control suture (Ticron). Both biomaterials were monitored for a period of 30 days following implantation in both incised and nonincised paravertebral rabbit muscles. In all cases, MR images and relaxometry demonstrated that the hybrid suture elicited either a milder or a similar tissue and cellular response compared to the control suture. These findings were confirmed by conventional histological analysis of the surrounding tissues. They also demonstrated that the hybrid suture promoted faster healing in terms of collagen infiltration between the yarns and individual filaments. This milder inflammatory reaction and improved biocompatibility represent a real advantage in the healing performance of sutures for cardiac and vascular surgery, and support the need for continued research and development of hybrid structures. This study also demonstrated the ability of MRI techniques to noninvasively evaluate the biocompatibility of biomaterials. By extending the capacity of MR diagnostic tools from patients to experimental animals, it is now possible to validate the healing performance of foreign materials with statistical reliability and fewer animals.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE SURGERY}, author={Traore, Amidou S. and Guidoin, Marie-France and Marois, Yves and Zhang, Ze and Douville, Yvan and Guidoin, Robert and King, Martin W. and Legrand, Andre-Pierre}, year={2007}, pages={121–133} }
 @inbook{king_leung_ruff_dattilo_anand_kennedy_miraftab_rajendran_2006, title={Barbed, bi-directional surgical sutures}, ISBN={9781855736832}, DOI={10.1533/9781845694104.7.395}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Surgical sutures are the most frequently used biomaterials for wound closure and tissue approximation. However, they rely on the surgeon's ability to tie secured knots, which is a challenging and time consuming process. Improper tying and handling can result in knot breakage or slippage, and potentially wound dehiscence. Further, the knot impedes wound healing, constricts blood flow, distorts tissue, and increases scar formation. To alleviate these problems, attempts have been made to design self-anchoring sutures. Recently, a novel knotless suture has been developed ( Figure 1 ) in which bi-directional barbs are introduced into an absorbable monofilament suture using micro-machining techniques. This paper describes the analytical characterization of the barb geometry, and the biomechanical performance of the suture, including in vitro and in vivo wound closure testing. The former employs specialized microscopy and image analysis techniques. The latter entails tensile strength testing and apposition of tissues with a variety of stitch techniques, in comparison to commercially available sutures. These results will form the basis for further research into barb/tissue interactions and optimization of barb geometry for specific surgical applications.}, booktitle={Medical textiles and biomaterials for healthcare: incorporating proceedings of MEDTEX03 International Conference and Exhibition on Healthcare and Medical Textiles}, publisher={Cambridge: Woodhead}, author={KING, Martin W. and Leung, J. C and Ruff, G. L and Dattilo, P. P and Anand, S.C and Kennedy, J. F and Miraftab, M and Rajendran, S.}, year={2006}, pages={395–403} }
 @inproceedings{king_moghe_gupta_2006, title={Development of sheath-core nanofibers for soft tissue engineering via coaxial electrospinning}, volume={29}, booktitle={Transactions of the 31st annual meeting: Society for Biomaterials: April 22-26, 2006, David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}, publisher={Mount Laurel, N.J.: Society for Biomaterials}, author={King, M.W. and Moghe, A.K. and Gupta, A.S.}, year={2006}, pages={323} }
 @inproceedings{king_chung_kim_2006, title={Fibrous scaffolds from elastomeric biodegradable PLCL for cardiovascular tissue engineering}, volume={29}, booktitle={Transactions of the 31st annual meeting: Society for Biomaterials: April 22-26, 2006, David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}, publisher={Mount Laurel, N.J.: Society for Biomaterials}, author={King, M.W. and Chung, S. and Kim, S.H.}, year={2006}, pages={337} }
 @inproceedings{king_gluck_montero_hinestroza_2006, title={Novel electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds to use for tissue engineering}, volume={29}, booktitle={Transactions of the 31st annual meeting: Society for Biomaterials: April 22-26, 2006, David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}, publisher={Mount Laurel, N.J.: Society for Biomaterials}, author={King, M.W. and Gluck, G.M. and Montero, G. and Hinestroza, J.P.}, year={2006}, pages={338} }
 @inproceedings{king_jones_2006, title={The potential for localised delivery of antibiotics from braided surgical sutures}, ISBN={9781855736832}, booktitle={Medical textiles and biomaterials for healthcare: incorporating proceedings of MEDTEX03 International Conference and Exhibition on Healthcare and Medical Textiles}, publisher={Cambridge: Woodhead}, author={King, M.W. and Jones, A.D.}, year={2006}, pages={425–431} }
 @article{king_sumanasinghe_2005, title={An in-vitro test model to predict the biostability of endovascular prostheses containing poly(ethylene terephthalate) and nitinol}, volume={1}, number={43}, journal={International Journal of Medical Implants and Devices}, author={King, M.W. and Sumanasinghe, R.}, year={2005} }
 @inproceedings{king_sumanasinghe_bernaki_loboa_2005, title={Human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on 3D collagen matrices for bone tissue engineering: Effects of uniaxial cyclic tensile straining, cell density and media conditions on matrix contraction}, volume={28}, booktitle={Transactions of the 30th annual meeting : Society for Biomaterials : April 27-30, 2005, Memphis Cook Convention Center, Memphis, TN, USA}, publisher={Mount Laurel, N.J. : Society for Biomaterials}, author={King, M.W. and Sumanasinghe, R. and Bernaki, S. and Loboa, E.G.}, year={2005}, pages={601} }
 @article{king_sumanasinghe_2005, title={The application of biotextiles in tissue engineering}, volume={9}, journal={Research Journal of Textile & Apparel}, author={King, M. W. and Sumanasinghe, R.}, year={2005}, pages={80–90} }
 @inproceedings{warner_gupta_king_2004, title={Advances in biomedical textiles and healthcare products}, ISBN={9780935803150}, booktitle={Conference proceedings: advances in biomedical textiles and healthcare products}, publisher={Roseville, MN: IFAI}, author={Warner, S. and Gupta, B. S. and King, M.}, year={2004} }
 @article{guidoin_douville_basle_king_marinov_traore_zhang_guillemot_dionne_sumanasinghe_et al._2004, title={Biocompatibility studies of the anaconda stent-graft and observations of nitinol corrosion resistance}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1526-6028"]}, DOI={10.1583/03-1143.1}, abstractNote={Purpose: To validate the deployment, in vivo performance, biostability, and healing capacity of the Anaconda self-expanding endoprosthesis in a canine aortic aneurysm model. Methods: Aneurysms were surgically created in 12 dogs by sewing a woven polyester patch onto the anterior side of the thoracic or abdominal aorta. Anaconda prostheses were implanted transfemorally for prescheduled periods (1 or 3 months). Aneurysm exclusion and stent-graft patency were monitored angiographically. Healing was assessed with histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Textile analysis determined the physical and chemical stability of the woven polyester material, while the biostability of the nitinol wires was evaluated with SEM and spectroscopy. Results: All prostheses were intact at explantation. After 1 month, endothelial-like cells were migrating in a discontinuous manner both proximally and distally over the internal collagenous pannus at the device-host boundary. After 3 months, endothelialization had reached the midsections of the devices, with a thicker collagenous internal capsule. Patches of endothelial-like cells were sharing the luminal surface with thrombotic deposits. However, the wall of the device at the level of the aneurysm was generally poorly healed, with multiple thrombi scattered irregularly over the luminal surface. The polyester fabric was intact except for some filaments that were ruptured adjacent to the sutures and some abrasion caused by the nitinol wires. No evidence of corrosion was found on the nitinol stents. Conclusions: This Anaconda stent-graft has demonstrated its ability to exclude arterial aneurysms. The device used in this study was an experimental prototype, and the manufacturer has incorporated new immobilization features into the model for clinical use. The constituent materials appear to be suitable in terms of biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and short-term durability.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY}, author={Guidoin, R and Douville, Y and Basle, MF and King, M and Marinov, GR and Traore, A and Zhang, Z and Guillemot, F and Dionne, G and Sumanasinghe, R and et al.}, year={2004}, month={Aug}, pages={385–403} }
 @inbook{weinberg_king_2004, title={Graphic methods for quality improvement}, ISBN={9780125824637}, booktitle={Biomaterials science: an introduction to materials in medicine (2nd Ed.)}, publisher={Boston: Elsevier Academic Press}, author={Weinberg, S. and King, M.W.}, year={2004} }
 @inbook{king_guidoin_2004, title={Historical perspective of vascular prostheses, structures and coatings}, ISBN={9780935803150}, booktitle={Conference proceedings: advances in biomedical textiles and healthcare products}, publisher={Roseville, MN: IFAI}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={2004} }
 @inproceedings{king_york_2004, title={Measuring the olfactory properties of textiles: Human sensory panel or electronic nose?}, ISBN={9781870372619}, booktitle={"Quality textiles for quality life": proceedings of the Textile Institute 83rd World Conference (83rd TIWC): May 23-27, 2004, Shanghai, China}, publisher={Manchester, UK : Textile Institute}, author={King, M.W. and York, R.K.}, year={2004} }
 @article{el ola_kotek_king_kim_monticello_reeve_2004, title={Studies on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) filaments containing silver}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1568-5624"]}, DOI={10.1163/1568562042459724}, abstractNote={Two methods were used to incorporate silver ions into poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) fibers. The first technique involved the direct addition of silver (I) sulfadiazine into PTT polymer prior to extrusion. The second method involved the use of silver-exchanged zeolites. Although no optimization with silver-exchanged zeolites was conducted, this study clearly showed that PTT fibers containing sufficient amounts of silver ions are effective in reducing pathological microorganisms such as Escherichia coli. Incorporation of silver-exchanged zeolites into PTT imparted a silver color to the fibers which may be attributed to the partial reduction of silver ions during spinning at 256°C. Because of the decomposition of silver (I) sulfadiazine, the spinnability of PTT fiber sample was not satisfactory and, therefore, this compound cannot be used as a carrier of silver ions in PTT. The thermal, tensile and antimicrobial properties of the spun filaments are reported in this paper.}, number={12}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION}, author={El Ola, SMA and Kotek, R and King, M and Kim, JH and Monticello, R and Reeve, JA}, year={2004}, pages={1545–1559} }
 @inproceedings{king_leung_dattilo_ruff_2003, title={A novel knotless surgical suture for wound closure}, ISBN={9781855736832}, booktitle={Medical textiles and biomaterials for healthcare: incorporating proceedings of MEDTEX03 International Conference and Exhibition on Healthcare and Medical Textiles}, publisher={Cambridge: Woodhead}, author={King, M.W. and Leung, J.C. and Dattilo, P.P. and Ruff, G.L.}, year={2003} }
 @article{sumanasinghe_king_2003, title={New trends in Biotextiles: The challenge of tissue engineering}, volume={3}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management}, author={Sumanasinghe, R. D. and King, M. W.}, year={2003}, pages={1–13} }
 @inproceedings{king_york_zhang_2003, title={Olfactory properties of fabrics:  Assessment by sensory panel vs. electronic nose}, ISBN={9788389003324}, booktitle={3rd AUTEX Conference: 25-27 June 2003, Gdan?sk-Poland: World Textile Conference}, publisher={Lo?dz?}, author={King, M.W. and York, R.K. and Zhang, Q.}, year={2003} }
 @inproceedings{king_jones_2003, title={The potential for localised delivery of antibiotics from braided surgical sutures}, ISBN={9781855736832}, booktitle={Medical textiles and biomaterials for healthcare: incorporating proceedings of MEDTEX03 International Conference and Exhibition on Healthcare and Medical Textiles}, publisher={Cambridge: Woodhead}, author={King, M.W. and Jones, A.D.}, year={2003} }
 @inproceedings{dattilo_king_leung_ruff_2002, title={Barbed bi-directional surgical sutures}, ISBN={9781894475259}, booktitle={Advanced materials for biomedical applications = Mate?riaux de pointe pour applications biome?dicales : proceedings of the International Symposium on Advanced Materials for Biomedical Applications (SAMBA), August 11-14, 2002, Montre?al, Que?bec, Canada}, publisher={Montreal : Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum}, author={Dattilo, P.P. and King, M.W. and Leung, J.C. and Ruff, G.L.}, year={2002} }
 @article{king_pourdeyhimi_2002, title={Functional textile materials I - medical materials}, volume={83}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, author={King, M. and Pourdeyhimi, B.}, year={2002} }
 @article{guidoin_douville_marois_dionne_guillemot_zhang_king_legrand_traore_baquey_et al._2002, title={La chirurgie vasculaire avec effraction tissulaire minimale pour l'exclusion d'anevrisme:  Interets et limites des essais chez l'animal}, volume={23}, DOI={10.1016/s1297-9562(02)80028-6}, abstractNote={Des endoprothèses de type Vanguard™ ont été déployées par voie transfémorale sous angioscopie sur le site d'un anévrisme créé chirurgicalement au niveau de l'aorte thoracique ou de l'aorte abdominale chez 8 chiens pour des périodes pré-établies allant jusqu'à 3 mois. Les analyses angiographiques avant et après déploiement des endoprothèses et immédiatement avant l'exérèse ainsi que les observations macroscopiques des explants incluant les rayons X et la résonance magnétique ont été réalisées afin de déterminer leur stabilité dimensionnelle in vivo. Les études histologiques et en microscopie électronique á balayage ont permis d'apprécier la qualité de la cicatrisation. L'étude des composantes textiles et l'analyse par spectroscopie électronique pour analyse chimique (ESCA) ont été effectuées après l'élimination des tissus de cicatrisation afin de vérifier la biostabilité de la structure textile et la biorésilience du Nitinol. Six des huit endoprothèses furent déployées sans difficulé. Un animal fut sacrifié après 3 jours, car il était paraplégique. L'analyse des angiogrammes après l'implantation et avant le sacrifice a révélé des changements morphologiques immédiats et durant l'implantation, tels que des compressions et des glissements du maillage. La thrombogénicité de surface des endoprothèses était faible mais la cicatrisation était encore incomplète après 90 jours d'implantation. L'instabilité à long terme de la structure métallique pourrait être la cause des migrations observées vers l'aval et de la cicatrisation variable des endoprothéses. La structure textile subit des dommages après 30 jours d'implantation par déplacement de la chaîne. L'analyse par ESCA des fils de Nitinol a révélé la présence d'une couche de passivation à la surface, essentiellement composée d'oxyde de titane TiO2. Les détériorations locales de cette couche incluant les fissures furent mises en évidence corroborant les différents phénomènes de corrosion. La chirurgie vasculaire avec effraction tissulaire minimale pour l'exclusion d'anévrisme est très innovante ; elle n'en est encore qu'à un stade précoce. Des améliorations dans la conception, la maniabilité, et la stabilité devront être apportées. Par contre, le choix des matériaux ne pose pas de problème, même si des traitements de la surface du Nitinol seraient souhaitables pour prévenir toute corrosion. En outre, le tissage du textile devrait être plus compact pour éviter les déplacements de la chaîne. Les résultats obtenus doivent être confrontés à ceux des essais in vitro et aux rapports cliniques pour que les faiblesses observées chez l'humain soient prévenues dans la prochaine génération d'endoprothèses. II conviendra tout particulièrement de raffiner les processus de validation expérimentaux pour apporter les correctifs requis avant de procéder à des essais cliniques traumatisants. The Vanguad™ endoprotheses were implanted transluminally through the femoral route and deployed at the site of surgically created aneurysms in the thoracic or abdominal aortas of dogs for prescheduled periods of implantation of 1 week, 1, 2 and 3 months. The in vivo dimensional stability of the endoprothesis was confirmed by angiography after insertion and before the sacrifice and by macroscopic observations after retrieval. Histological and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies were performed to assess the healing sequence of the device. Microscopic studies of the textile components and surface chemical analysis of the Nitinol wires by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) were undertaken, after specimen cleaning to remove adherent tissue, to detect structural modifications to the textile structure and to evaluate the bioresilience of the Nitinol. Analysis of the angiograms after implantation and before the sacrifice revealed that morphological changes such as sliding and compression of the metal structure occurred initially after deployment and during implantation. Thrombogenicity of the luminal surface of the endoprotheses was low but the healing was still incomplete after 90 days of implantation. The lack of stability of the metal structure may explain the migration distally and the poor healing of the device. ESCA analysis showed that a physiosorbed passivation layer covered the surface of the Nitinol wires masking the nickel (Ni) component of the alloy. Ion bombardments of the surface of the wires confirmed the presence of a contaminated layer composed of carbon and other elements followed by a highly oxidized titanium (Ti) layer, and then, by the Ti/Ni alloy. Although innovative, the minimally-invasive endovascular technique for the treatment of aortic aneurysms is still in its infancy. Significant improvements are required in terms of ease of handling, effectiveness, innocuousness, biostability and healing.}, journal={ITBM RBM (Online)}, author={Guidoin, R. and Douville, Y. and Marois, Y. and Dionne, G. and Guillemot, F. and Zhang, Z. and KING, Martin W. and Legrand, A.P. and Traore, A. and Baquey, C. and et al.}, year={2002}, pages={212–34} }
 @article{dattilo_king_cassill_leung_2002, title={Medical textiles: Application of an absorbable barbed bi-directional surgical suture}, volume={2}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management}, author={Dattilo, P. P. and King, M. W. and Cassill, N. L. and Leung, J. C.}, year={2002}, pages={1–5} }
 @inproceedings{king_jones_wall_zhanel_gonzales_perreault_shalaby_2002, title={The performance of resorbable antibiotic coatings on braided surgical sutures}, booktitle={2nd AUTEX Conference: Textile engineering at the dawn of a new millenium: an exciting challenge, Crowne Plaza Hotel, Bruges, Belgium, 1-3 July 2002}, author={King, M.W. and Jones, A.D. and Wall, M. and Zhanel, G.G. and Gonzales, J. and Perreault, H. and Shalaby, S.W.}, year={2002} }
 @inproceedings{king_2001, title={Do the frictional properties of surgical sutures influence the ease of knot tying and knot security?}, ISBN={9789623672979}, booktitle={Innovation & globalization  : proceedings, Hong Kong, August 22-24, 2001}, publisher={Hong Kong : Federation of Asian Professional Textile Associations}, author={King, M.W.}, year={2001} }
 @article{king_zhang_guidoin_2001, title={Microstructural changes in polyester biotextiles during implantation in humans}, volume={1}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management}, author={King, M. W. and Zhang, Z. and Guidoin, R.}, year={2001}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{king_2001, title={Overview of opportunities in medical textiles}, volume={118}, number={4-5}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W.}, year={2001}, pages={28} }
 @article{guidoin_marois_bejui_poddevin_king_guidoin_2000, title={Analysis of retrieved polymer fiber based replacements for the ACL}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00114-9}, abstractNote={The present retrospective analysis of 117 surgically excised anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) prostheses was designed to elucidate the etiology and mechanisms of failure of synthetic ligamentous prostheses. They were harvested from young and active patients (26±7 yrs) at various orthopaedic centers in France between 1983 and 1993. The average duration of implantation of augmentation and replacement prostheses were 21.5±12.6 and 33.2±25.3 months, respectively. The principal causes for their excision were ruptures and synovitis. Each ACL prosthesis was examined macroscopically, histologically, and, after tissue removal, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the model, manufacturer, surgical technique used at implantation, the extent of healing, the site of rupture, and the morphology of the damaged fibers. Fourteen types of ACL prostheses were analysed, each fabricated using a different combination of polymers, fibers and textile constructions. Consequently, they generated a variety of healing characteristics and mechanical responses in vivo. SEM observations revealed that abrasion of the textile fibers as a result of yarn-on-yarn and/or yarn-on-bone contact was a common phenomenon to almost all models, and was the primary cause of prosthetic failure. Healing inside the synthetic ACL was poorly organized, incomplete and unpredictable as the extent of collagenous infiltration into the textile structure did not increase with the duration of implantation. In fact, the collagenous infiltration into certain models appeared to be more detrimental than beneficial since it caused deterioration and fraying of the textile structure rather than serving as a reinforcing matrix around the prosthesis. In conclusion, the present study shows that three mechanisms may be involved in the failure of ACL prostheses: (1) inadequate fiber abrasion resistance against osseous surfaces; (2) flexural and rotational fatigue of the fibers, and (3) loss of integrity of the textile structure due to unpredictable tissue infiltration during healing.}, number={23}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Guidoin, MF and Marois, Y and Bejui, J and Poddevin, N and King, MW and Guidoin, R}, year={2000}, month={Dec}, pages={2461–2474} }
 @article{marois_cadi_gourdon_fatouraee_king_zhang_guidoin_2000, title={Biostability, inflammatory response, and healing characteristics of a fluoropassivated polyester-knit mesh in the repair of experimental abdominal hernias}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1525-1594"]}, DOI={10.1046/j.1525-1594.2000.06547.x}, abstractNote={Abstract: The present study was undertaken to validate the benefits of a fluoropolymer treatment on the biostability, inflammatory response, and healing characteristics of a polyester mesh used for hernia repair, the Fluoromesh, as compared to a commercial monofilament‐knit polypropylene mesh, Marlex, used as the control. Both were implanted for the repair of surgically induced abdominal hernias in piglets for prescheduled durations of implantation of 4, 15, and 60 days. The mesh and surrounding tissue were harvested at the sacrifice for the bursting strength and inflammatory response measurements in terms of alkaline and acid phosphatase secretion in the tissue, and for histological observations of the healing sequence and tissue thickness measurements by histomorphometric techniques. After cleaning to remove adherent tissue, the presence of the fluoropolymer at the surface of the mesh was detected using SEM and ESCA. The results demonstrated greater mechanical reinforcement and tissue development for the Fluoromesh than for the polypropylene mesh. The healing performance of the Fluoromesh was attributed to a more intense chronic inflammatory reaction early after implantation that stimulated significantly greater tissue ingrowth and integration. The concentration of fluoropolymer at the surface of the mesh was masked as a result of biological species adsorption. Textile analysis revealed that the Fluoromesh was dimensionally more stable in vivo than the polypropylene control mesh, which demonstrated stretching in the weft direction and shrinking in the warp direction during implantation.}, number={7}, journal={ARTIFICIAL ORGANS}, author={Marois, Y and Cadi, R and Gourdon, J and Fatouraee, N and King, MW and Zhang, Z and Guidoin, R}, year={2000}, month={Jul}, pages={533–543} }
 @article{oleschuk_mccomb_chow_ens_standing_perreault_marois_king_2000, title={Characterization of plasma proteins adsorbed onto biomaterials by MALDI-TOFMS}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00054-5}, abstractNote={The analysis of plasma proteins adsorbed onto a polyurethane (PU) biomaterial was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). This article marks the first study on MALDI-TOFMS analysis of multiple proteins adsorbed from plasma, in vitro, onto the surface of a biomaterial to easily enable their characterization. Plasma standards from three different hosts were placed in contact with non-porous PU, a model biomaterial. Following the use of washing protocols developed in our laboratory, the biomaterial was analyzed, directly, with MALDI-TOFMS. Proteins with molecular weights (Mr) ranging from ca. 6.5 to 150 kDa were observed in the mass spectra and characterized upon comparison with proteins of known Mr. The proteins observed were tentatively identified as those known to adsorb onto PU, both in vitro and in vivo. In an attempt to model in vivo sorption, the PU biomaterial was exposed to freshly collected canine plasma, in vitro, for different lengths of time. Corresponding MALDI-TOFMS spectra displayed increasing protein signal for a number of different proteins with increasing times of exposure to plasma. This method provided qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the proteins adsorbed onto the biomaterial surface.}, number={16}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Oleschuk, RD and McComb, ME and Chow, A and Ens, W and Standing, KG and Perreault, H and Marois, Y and King, M}, year={2000}, month={Aug}, pages={1701–1710} }
 @article{lian_dao_zhang_2000, title={Electrical properties of conductive polypyrolle-coated textiles}, volume={8}, journal={Polymers and Polymer Composites}, author={Lian, A. and Dao, L. H. and Zhang, Z.}, year={2000}, pages={1–9} }
 @article{formichi_marois_roby_marinov_stroman_king_douville_guidoin_2000, title={Endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm in dogs: Evaluation of a nitinol-polyester self-expanding stent-graft}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1545-1550"]}, DOI={10.1583/1545-1550(2000)007<0047:EROTAA>2.3.CO;2}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY}, author={Formichi, M and Marois, Y and Roby, P and Marinov, G and Stroman, P and King, MW and Douville, Y and Guidoin, R}, year={2000}, month={Feb}, pages={47–67} }
 @article{guidoin_marois_douville_king_castonguay_traore_formichi_staxrud_norgren_bergeron_et al._2000, title={First-generation aortic endografts: Analysis of explanted stenter devices from the EUROSTAR registry}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1526-6028"]}, DOI={10.1583/1545-1550(2000)007<0105:FGAEAO>2.3.CO;2}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY}, author={Guidoin, R and Marois, Y and Douville, Y and King, MW and Castonguay, M and Traore, A and Formichi, M and Staxrud, LE and Norgren, L and Bergeron, P and et al.}, year={2000}, month={Apr}, pages={105–122} }
 @inproceedings{li_king_macdonald_xie_gonzalez_2000, title={Knotting performance of surgical sutures for arthroscopic surgery}, booktitle={Transactions}, publisher={Minneapolis : Society for Biomaterials}, author={Li, X. and King, M.W. and MacDonald, P. and Xie, H. and Gonzalez, J.}, year={2000}, pages={824} }
 @inproceedings{king_ornberg_marois_marinov_cadi_southern_joardar_weinberg_shalaby_guidoin_2000, title={Partially bioresorbable bicomponent fibers for tissue engineering: Mechanical stability of core polymers}, booktitle={Transactions}, publisher={Minneapolis : Society for Biomaterials}, author={King, M.W. and Ornberg, R.L. and Marois, Y. and Marinov, G.R. and Cadi, R. and Southern, J.H. and Joardar, S.J. and Weinberg, S.L. and Shalaby, S.W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={2000}, pages={533} }
 @article{tessier_dao_zhang_martin_guidoin_2000, title={Polymerization and surface analysis of electrically-conductive polypyrrole on surface-activated polyester fabrics for biomedical applications}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0920-5063"]}, DOI={10.1163/156856200743517}, abstractNote={A new synthetic route is reported for the synthesis and covalent bonding of electrically conductive polypyrrole to a poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric. It involves a three-step process including surface phosphonylation and graft polymerization from the gaseous phase. In the first step, the fibre surfaces are activated using phosphorus trichloride. Then, 1-(3-hydroxypropyl) pyrrole is introduced and grafted to the phosphorus chloride to create an ester bond between the fibres and the pyrrole. Finally, the pyrrole-grafted fibres are dipped in an aqueous FeCl3 catalyst and exposed to pyrrole monomer vapor for the final polymerization. This last step creates an electrically conductive polypyrrole layer covalently linked to the poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres. ESCA analysis indicates a high degree of phosphonylation and grafting of the anchor molecules. Scanning electron microscopy reveals an overall smooth and uniform surface coating of polypyrrole on the polyester fibres. The use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is not able to distinguish between polypyrrole-coated and non-coated fabrics because of the extremely thin polypyrrole layer. Measurements of dynamic surface wetting indicated that the polypyrrole-coated fabric is more hydrophilic than the untreated control. With values for surface resistivity in the range 104-105 Ω/square, such polypyrrole-coated fabrics are considered attractive candidates for biomedical applications.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION}, author={Tessier, D and Dao, LH and Zhang, Z and Martin, MW and Guidoin, R}, year={2000}, pages={87–99} }
 @article{yang_zhang_hahn_laroche_1999, title={A totally implantable artificial heart: Selecting an impermeable polycarbonate urethane to manufacture the ventricles}, volume={48}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(1999)48:1<13::aid-jbm4>3.0.co;2-4}, abstractNote={In the development of a new generation of totally implantable artificial hearts and left ventricular assist devices (VADs) for long-term use, the selection of an acceptable material for the fabrication of the ventricles probably represents one of the greatest challenges. Segmented polyether urethanes used to be the material of choice due to their superior flexural performance, acceptable blood compatibility, and ease of processing. However, because they are known to degrade and to be readily permeable to water, they cannot meet the rigorous requirements needed for a new generation of implantable artificial hearts and VADs. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify alternative polymeric materials that would be satisfactory for fabricating the ventricles, and in particular, to determine the water permeability through membranes made from four commercial polycarbonate urethanes (Carbothane PC3570A, Chronoflex AR, Corethane 80A, and Corethane 55D) in comparison to those made from two traditional polyether urethanes (Tecoflex EG80A and Tecothane TT-1074A). In addition to determining the rate of water transmission through the six membranes by exposing them to deionized water, saline, and albumin-Krebs solution under pressure and measuring the displacement of liquid by means of a recently developed capillary method, the inherent surface and chemical properties of the six membranes were characterized by SEM, contact angle measurements, FTIR, DSC, and GPC techniques. The results of the study demonstrated that the rate of water transmission through the four polycarbonate urethane membranes was significantly lower than through the two polyether urethanes. In fact the lowest values were recorded with the two Corethane membranes, and the harder type 55D polymer had a lower value (2.7 x 10(-7) g/s cm2) than the softer 80A version (3.3 x 10(-7) g/s cm2). This level of water vapor permeability, which appears to be controlled primarily by a Fickian diffusion mechanism, is between 2 and 4 times lower than that obtained with traditional polyether urethane membranes of equivalent thickness. The superior performance of the polycarbonate urethanes is likely due to the inherently lower chain mobility of the carbonate structure in the soft segment phase. In addition, the study shows that additional impermeability to water vapor can be achieved by selecting a polyurethane polymer with a high hard segment content, an aromatic rather than aliphatic diisocyanate comonomer, and a more hydrophobic surface. The use of a higher molecular weight polyurethane is not necessarily efficacious if the above requirements are not met. As expected by Raoult's Law, the study found that the use of physiological media instead of deionized water further decreases the rate of water vapor transmission. Because none of today's commercial polyurethanes are totally impervious to water vapor transmission, additional work is needed to develop permeable polymers or to apply additional treatments to existing candidates to achieve an acceptable impermeable ventricle material.}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials}, author={Yang, M. and Zhang, Z. and Hahn, C. and Laroche, G.}, year={1999}, pages={13–23} }
 @article{king_tomczyszyn_york_guth_1999, title={A valuable addition: Book review of "BibliographicTextiliHistoriae"}, volume={116}, number={3}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W. and Tomczyszyn, P. and York, R. and Guth, K.}, year={1999}, pages={39–40} }
 @article{yang_zhang_hahn_king_guidoin_1999, title={Assessing the resistance to calcification of polyurethane membranes used in the manufacture of ventricles for a totally implantable artificial heart}, volume={48}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(1999)48:5<648::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-6}, abstractNote={Ventricles made from segmented polyurethane membranes and used in the fabrication of a totally implantable artificial heart are known to undergo biomaterial-associated calcification. As there is no effective method currently available to prevent such biomaterials from calcifying, a practical solution is to use only materials with a relatively high resistance to calcification, to extend ventricular durability and ensure a longer functional life for the manufactured device. In the present study, an in vitro calcification protocol was used to determine the relative resistance to calcification of six different polyurethanes, namely, Carbothane PC3570A, Chronoflex AR, Corethane 80A, Corethane 55D, Tecoflex EG80A, and Tecothane TT1074A. The results demonstrated that all six polyurethanes did become calcified during the 60-day incubation period in the calcification solution. The degree of calcification was found to be associated with the surface chemistry of the particular polyurethane, with the Tecothane TT1074A exhibiting the highest level. The Corethane 80A and 55D polymers showed a relatively low propensity to calcify. These two membranes can, therefore, be considered as the most appropriate materials for the fabrication of ventricles for a totally implantable artificial heart. In addition, since the calcification occurred primarily at the surface of the membranes, without affecting the bulk microphase structure, the issue of modifying the surface chemistry to reduce the incidence of calcification is discussed.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={Yang, MJ and Zhang, Z and Hahn, C and King, MW and Guidoin, R}, year={1999}, month={Oct}, pages={648–659} }
 @inproceedings{king_york_zhang_1999, title={Developing odour sensitive fabric and establishing test protocols for a new approach to standardized sensory analysis of livestock malodours}, booktitle={Symposium of the Hog Environmental Management Strategy (HEMS), December 10 and 11, 1999, Neatby Building, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario}, publisher={Ottawa: Canadian Pork Council: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada}, author={King, M. W. and York, R. K. and Zhang, Q.}, year={1999}, pages={11–12} }
 @inproceedings{king_ornberg_marois_marinov_cadi_roy_cossette_southern j.h._s.j._s.l._et al._1999, title={Healing response of partially bioresorbable bicomponent fibers: A subcutaneous rat study}, booktitle={Transactions: twenty-fifth annual meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 28-May 2, 1999}, publisher={Minneapolis, MN : The Society}, author={King, M.W. and Ornberg, R.L. and Marois, Y. and Marinov, G.R. and Cadi, R. and Roy, R. and Cossette, F. and Southern J.H., Joardar and S.J., Weinberg and S.L., Shalaby and et al.}, year={1999}, pages={60} }
 @article{eberhart_zhang_guidoin_laroche_guay_faye_batt_king_1999, title={Innovative polyurethane vascular prostheses: Rara avis or ignis fatuus?}, volume={48}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(1999)48:4<546::aid-jbm22>3.0.co;2-v}, abstractNote={Three polyurethane (PU) vascular grafts with novel designs were investigated and compared in terms of the microporous structure, reinforcement technology, polymer chemistry, microphase separation, and mechanical properties. The Corvita graft, composed of a poly(carbonate urethane) polymer, displayed a helically wound filament structure with communicating inter-fiber spaces. The reinforced model contained an external PET mesh impregnated with a protein sealant, and displayed good microphase separation, the highest Young's modulus in the longitudinal direction, and the second highest in the radial direction. The Thoratec graft was made of a polyetherurethaneurea with an average micropore size of 15 microns. Silicone was observed on both surfaces of the graft. The Thoratec device displayed a low degree of hydrogen-bonding among the urethane groups and had no well-organized hard-segment domains. Its mechanical strength was superior to that of the Pulse-Tec graft. A solid PU layer underneath the luminal surface precluded any communication between the luminal and adventitial sides. The Pulse-Tec prosthesis was composed of polyetherurethane, with an average micropore size of 28 microns. It offered the highest radial compliance, a high degree of hydrogen-bonding, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and a certain degree of microphase separation. Its tensile strength and hysteresis loss were inferior to those of the other two grafts.}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials}, author={Eberhart, A. and Zhang, Z. and Guidoin, R. and Laroche, G. and Guay, L. and Faye, D. and Batt, M. and KING, Martin W.}, year={1999}, pages={546–558} }
 @article{king_1999, title={Textile education at the University of Manitoba}, volume={116}, number={4}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W.}, year={1999}, pages={24–25} }
 @inproceedings{zhang_tessier_dao_king_guidoin_1999, title={The development of polypyrrole-coated polyester fabrics for biomedical applications}, booktitle={Symposium on textile and polymer based biomaterials: May 3-4, 1999, Holiday Inn, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania}, publisher={Clemson, S.C. : The Society}, author={Zhang, Z. and Tessier, D. and Dao, L.H. and King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1999} }
 @article{king_dupuis_rousse_guidoin_1998, title={A novel approach to measuring fluid flow in incontinence pads}, volume={115}, journal={Canadian Textile Journal}, author={King, M. and Dupuis, D. and Rousse, D. R. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1998}, pages={33–36} }
 @article{king_mary_marois_laroche_1998, title={Benefits of electrical conductivity fluoride and polypropylene sutures used in vascular surgery}, volume={44}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={King, M. and Mary, C. and Marois, Y. and Laroche, G.}, year={1998}, pages={199–206} }
 @article{mary_marois_king_laroche_douville_martin_guidoin_1998, title={Comparison of the in vivo behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene sutures used in vascular surgery}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1538-943X"]}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199805000-00015}, abstractNote={To find a nonabsorbable suture material that is equivalent to polypropylene in ease of handling and tensile properties, and that has low thrombogenicity and tissue reactivity but improved biostability, some researchers and clinicians see merit in considering the suitability of monofilaments made from polyvinylidene fluoride. The current animal study investigated the relative biocompatibility and biostability of these two suture materials by using them to anastomose a polyester arterial prosthesis in a canine thoracoabdominal bypass model for 10 periods of implantation ranging from 4 hr to 2 years. Biocompatibility was assessed with light and scanning electron microscope examinations of the explanted sutures, and biostability of the cleaned sutures was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis. The polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene sutures were found to have similar handling and healing characteristics. During the first months in vivo, both types of suture experienced a temporary increase in carbonyl group absorption that coincided with the duration of the inflammatory response. After 1 and 2 years in vivo, the explanted polypropylene sutures showed visual evidence of surface stress cracking. This was not found with the explanted polyvinylidene fluoride sutures. These results suggest that polyvinylidene fluoride may be more biostable than polypropylene in the long term. ASAIO Journal 1998; 44:199–206.}, number={3}, journal={ASAIO JOURNAL}, author={Mary, C and Marois, Y and King, MW and Laroche, G and Douville, Y and Martin, L and Guidoin, R}, year={1998}, pages={199–206} }
 @article{hong_king_michielsen_cheung_mary_guzman_guidoin_1998, title={Development of in vitro performance tests and evaluation of nonabsorbable monofilament sutures for cardiovascular surgery}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1538-943X"]}, url={http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000076881700004&KeyUID=WOS:000076881700004}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199811000-00004}, abstractNote={There have been reports suggesting that polypropylene (PP) monofilament sutures are associated with mechanical failure. To overcome this problem, a new monofilament suture made from polyvinylidene fluoride, under the trade name of Teflene, has been developed. Few studies have measured the in vitro properties of Teflene sutures, and those that have, have been limited to a few tensile properties of the straight suture such as tensile strength, elongation, and creep behavior. The in vitro performance properties of Teflene sutures were evaluated and compared with those of commercial sutures made from PP such as Prolene and Surgilene in four sizes, 2-0, 3-0, 4-0, and 5-0. The performance properties of sutures included both the physical properties of straight sutures, such as suture diameter, tensile strength, elongation, surface roughness, coefficient of friction, bending stiffness, and tissue drag, and the knot characteristics, such as knot pull strength, knot rundown, and knot security. Existing standard test methods and testing instruments were used if available to measure certain suture properties such as diameter, tensile strength, knot pull strength, and some physical properties. The other novel test methods and unique accessory devices needed to perform the tests for measuring tissue drag, knot run-down, coefficient of friction, and knot security were developed in the authors' laboratories, and the comparative results are reported for the first time. From the test results, Teflene sutures were found in general to possess equivalent characteristics to those of existing PP commercial sutures, but some differences also were observed, such as greater elongation and less knot run-down. These differences may give them a unique feel and handling performance, especially in terms of making a knot, sliding it into position, and causing less damage to adjacent tissue.}, number={6}, journal={ASAIO JOURNAL}, author={Hong, T and King, MW and Michielsen, S and Cheung, LWK and Mary, C and Guzman, R and Guidoin, R}, year={1998}, pages={776–785} }
 @inproceedings{poddevin_pageau_king_laroche_guidoin_1998, title={Developpement d'un ruban en polyester specifiquement traite pour la parodontologie, l'odontologie et l'implantologie}, volume={4}, ISBN={9782878940305}, booktitle={Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3}, publisher={Paris: Romillat}, author={Poddevin, N. and Pageau, J.F. and King, M.W. and Laroche, G. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1998}, pages={463–473} }
 @article{jakubiec_marois_zhang_roy_sigot-luizard_dugre_king_dao_laroche_guidoin_1998, title={In vitro cellular response to polypyrrole-coated woven polyester fabrics: Potential benefits of electrical conductivity}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19980915)41:4<519::AID-JBM2>3.0.CO;2-F}, abstractNote={Electrically conducting polypyrrole-treated films have recently been shown to influence the morphology and function of mammalian cells in vitro. This type of polymer represents a possible alternative biomaterial for use in vascular implantation. The present study compared the in vitro biocompatibility of the five different polyester woven fabrics having increasing levels of electrical conductivity ranging from 4.5 x 10(4) to 123 omega/square with that of low density polyethylene and polydimethylsiloxane primary reference materials. Biocompatibility was measured in terms of four different types of in vitro cellular response, including (a) an indirect and (b) a direct control organotypic culture assay using endothelial cells, (c) a polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell activation study using flow-cytometric measurements of CD11/CD18 integrin molecule expression, and (d) a semiquantification of interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA expression on monocytes/macrophages using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The organotypic culture study revealed that the fabrics with high levels of conductivity exhibited lower cell migration, proliferation, and viability. The PMN activation study of blood from 10 healthy adult donors demonstrated that the two most conductive fabrics were able to identify the more reactive donors. The levels of IL-6 mRNA expression by monocytes/macrophages decreased as the conductivity level of the fabrics increased. The results of the present study therefore indicate that high levels of conductivity (< 200 omega/square) on polyester fabrics are detrimental to the growth, migration, and viability of endothelial cells; induce elevated PMN activation; and affect the intracellular metabolism of monocytes. They also point to a specific range of conductivity (10(3) < 10(4) omega/square) which is associated with an optimum in vitro cellular response.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={Jakubiec, B and Marois, Y and Zhang, Z and Roy, R and Sigot-Luizard, MF and Dugre, FJ and King, MW and Dao, L and Laroche, G and Guidoin, R}, year={1998}, month={Sep}, pages={519–526} }
 @inproceedings{king_guidoin_marois_1998, title={The biocompatibility and biostability of polyester arterial prostheses knitted in Poland and the Czech Republic}, ISBN={9788070832899}, booktitle={TEXSCI '98 : textile science : 3rd international conference : proceedings : Liberec, Czech Republic, May 25-27, 1998}, publisher={Liberec: Technical University}, author={King, M. W. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, Y.}, year={1998}, pages={119–122} }
 @article{king_1998, title={The role of Canadian manufacturers in production and distribution of biomedical textiles}, volume={115}, number={1}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W.}, year={1998}, pages={14–17} }
 @article{king_fages_poddevin_marois_1998, title={Use of supercritical fluid extraction as a method of cleaning anterior cruciate ligament prostheses: In vitro and in vivo validation}, volume={44}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199807000-00008}, abstractNote={The process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide as the mobile phase is finding increasing numbers of applications in a wide variety of industries for the extraction, separation, and cleaning of materials. This study assessed the usefulness of this approach in removing surface contaminants from a knitted polyester anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) prosthesis before packaging and sterilizing the product during manufacture. The physical, dimensional, and chemical properties of SFE treated compared with commercially scoured control samples were characterized using a number of textile test methods: electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and solvent extraction analysis. The bio-compatibility of the samples was measured in terms of their ability to generate CD18 integrin expression on activated human polymorphonuclear cells, and their inflammatory response when implanted for up to 30 days in the knee joint of rats. SFE treatment was successful in removing most of the nonpolar contaminants from the ACL prosthesis and reducing the amount of residuals to a commercially acceptable level. However, some nitrogen containing compounds and polar salts were not removed by the SFE process. The results from the biocompatibility tests demonstrated that the cleaner SFE treated prosthesis induced significantly lower CD18 expression than the scoured control fabric, and was also associated with a milder inflammatory response and a more rapid rate of healing during the 30 day animal trial. Another effect of SFE processing was to cause the polyester device to shrink and lose porosity because of yarn contraction and modification of the polymer's microcrystalline structure. ASAIO Journal 1998; 44:278–288.}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={KING, Martin W. and Fages, J. and Poddevin, N. and Marois, Y.}, year={1998}, pages={278–288} }
 @article{yang_deng_laroche_hahn_king_guidoin_1997, title={A capillary method to measure water transmission through polyurethane membranes}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1058-2916"]}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199711000-00008}, abstractNote={A capillary method has been developed to measure the rate of water transmission through polyurethane membranes prepared for use as ventricles in artificial hearts. The system consisted primarily of a leak-proof sample chamber containing the water, a glass capillary flow meter, and a receiver compartment with continuous dry air ventilation. The capillary flow meter monitored the volume of water loss in the sample chamber. The rate of water transmission through the test membrane was found to be proportional to the water loss in the sample chamber, and dependent on the membrane thickness. For thicknesses from 0.09 mm to 0.34 mm, water vapor transmission rates ranged from 7.53 χ 10-8 to 2.76 χ 10-8 mol/s cm2, respectively. Although the concentration of water vapor in the receiver compartment did affect the rate of water vapor transmission through the membrane, within the pressure range 50–200 mmHg, there was very little effect. These findings suggest that water transmission through a polyurethane membrane is dominated by a diffusion process rather than by bulk convection.}, number={6}, journal={ASAIO JOURNAL}, author={Yang, MJ and Deng, XY and Laroche, G and Hahn, C and King, MW and Guidoin, RG}, year={1997}, pages={890–896} }
 @article{merhi_king_guidoin_1997, title={Acute thrombogenicity of intact and injured natural blood conduits versus synthetic conduits: Neutrophil, platelet and fibrin(ogen) adsorption under various shear rate conditions}, volume={34}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19970315)34:4<477::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-h}, abstractNote={We investigated the acute thrombogenicity of synthetic arterial prostheses compared to biological arterial surfaces in contact with flowing nonanticoagulated blood. The acute events following blood/surface interactions were quantified using 51Cr-platelet deposition, 111In-neutrophil adhesion, and 125I-fibrin(ogen) adsorption on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) synthetic arterial surfaces (Goretex and Impra) and on intact and injured biological arterial surfaces in ex vivo superfusion flow chambers at low (424/sec) and high (3397/sec) shear rates for 5 min at 37 degrees C. The hematological parameters were determined, and surface analysis was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. At low shear rate, the retention on intact arterial surfaces averaged 3.7 +/- 0.7 x 10(6) platelets/cm2, 26.5 +/- 4.2 x 10(3) neutrophils/cm2, and 10.7 +/- 2.2 cpm of fibrin(ogen)/cm2; retention remained statistically similar at the high shear rate on both Goretex and Impra ePTFE surfaces. In contrast, the deposition of platelets and neutrophils on injured arterial surfaces was significantly higher and increased with shear rate, although the significant increase in fibrin(ogen) adsorption was not influenced by the shear rate. At shear rates characterized by patent and stenosed arteries, ePTFE arterial prostheses demonstrated a low level of thrombogenicity compared to injured arteries. This favorable comparison can be considered as the first requirement for their successful use in arterial substitution.}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research}, author={Merhi, Y. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1997}, pages={477–485} }
 @article{zhang_lian_king_laroche_dao_guidoin_1997, title={Electrically conducting polyester fabrics for use as biomaterials: Chemico-physical and electrical properties}, volume={43}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199703000-00037}, abstractNote={Zhang, Z.; Lian, A.; King, M. W.; Laroche, G.; Dao, L. H.; Guidoin, R. Author Information}, number={10}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Zhang, Z. and Lian, A. and KING, Martin W. and Laroche, G. and Dao, L.H. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1997} }
 @article{poddevin_king_guidoin_1997, title={Failure mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament prostheses: In vitro wear study}, volume={38}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199724)38:4<370::aid-jbm10>3.3.co;2-n}, abstractNote={Previous retrieval studies analyzing the cause of failure of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) prostheses identified a wear mechanism. However, the relative importance of yarn on bone compared to yarn on yarn wear has not been clearly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elucidate which type of wear is the dominant cause of clinical failure. A variety of ACL prosthetic structures were exposed to two in vitro tests: one for yarn on yarn and the other for a novel yarn on bone wear test system. The latter included the use of both smooth (uncut) and rough (cut) bone surfaces to simulate the conditions around the condyle and at the exit of the tibial tunnel, respectively. The damaged textile structures were viewed by SEM. The various fiber fracture morphologies were identified and classified for the two types of wear tests; for the smooth and rough bone surfaces; for the braided, knitted, woven, and twisted textile structures; and for the three types of fibers that were included: polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. The results confirmed that yarn on bone and yarn on yarn wear phenomena are associated with significantly different failure mechanisms. While the more aggressive rough (or cut) bone causes more rapid and intense fiber damage and faster ACL failure than the smooth (uncut) osseous surface, both abradants cause the same type of abrasive wear phenomenon. Differences in failure mechanisms were identified between the different textile structures and the different fiber types. By interpreting the damaged fiber images from clinically failed and retrieved ACL prostheses, we are now able to confirm that the predominant cause of synthetic ACL failure is yarn on bone abrasion. Improvements in future ACL prosthesis designs will only be possible by eliminating or minimizing the effect of this type of abrasive wear. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 38: 370–381, 1997}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials}, author={Poddevin, N. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. G.}, year={1997}, pages={370–381} }
 @article{mary_marois_king_hong_laroche_douville_martin_guidoin_1997, title={In vitro and in vivo studies of a polyester arterial prosthesis with a warp knitted sharkskin structure}, volume={35}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19970615)35:4<459::aid-jbm6>3.0.co;2-g}, abstractNote={The present study was undertaken to assess the performance of a new knitted and gelatin-sealed polyester vascular graft that is believed to have greater dimensional stability than current commercial devices. Samples of the uncrimped, crimped, and sealed prosthesis were submitted to a series of in vitro and in vivo trials. Four commercial polyester knitted devices were included as controls for the in vitro tests, which included measurements of the textile and yarn structure and physical, chemical, and thermal properties of the graft, such as water permeability, dilatation, suture retention strength, melting point, and crystallinity index. The in vivo evaluation involved implanting the prototype device as a canine thoraco-abdominal bypass for periods ranging from 4 h to 1 year and assessing the biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and biostability of the explanted specimens. The warp-knitted structure of the prototype device has a unique sharkskin stitch that confers a superior dilatation resistance and suture retention strength to the prosthesis. The animal trial demonstrated that the gelatin ensures initial hemostasis without preclotting. The gelatin is bioresorbed during the first 2 weeks of implantation, which generates a temporary, moderate, acute inflammatory response. An external capsule of granulomatous tissue and an internal collagen capsule are formed between the first and third month. Analysis of the textile and physical properties of the explanted prostheses confirmed there was neither dilatation nor significant changes in structure or mechanical performance during implantation, thus confirming the biostability of this new prototype device and opening the way for clinical trials.}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research}, author={Mary, C. and Marois, Y. and KING, Martin W. and Hong, T. and Laroche, G. and Douville, Y. and Martin, L. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1997}, pages={459–472} }
 @article{marois_guidoin_deng_king_martin_roy_1997, title={La prothese dialine II:  Une nouvelle prothese arterielle en polyester a tricot chaine impregnee de collagene}, volume={11}, journal={Annales de Chirurgie Vasculaire}, author={Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. and Deng, X. and King, M.W. and Martin, L. and Roy, R.}, year={1997}, pages={133–140} }
 @article{guidoin_king_marois_ukpabi_deng_zhang_yang_badour_laroche_martin_et al._1997, title={Polyester arterial prostheses - Recent developments from the Czech Republic and Poland}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1058-2916"]}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199701000-00013}, abstractNote={To evaluate recent developments in the design and production of polyester vascular prostheses in eastern Europe, a series of in vitro physical and chemical tests and an in vivo study was performed on three new prototype devices from the Czech Republic and one from Poland. The in vitro results for these four prostheses, referred to as the Ra-1 n (warp knitted, uncrimped), Ra-1v (warp knitted, crimped), Mikrofroté (weft knitted, uncrimped), and Dallon (warp knitted, crimped) prostheses, were compared against values for three commercial devices of western origin, namely the Triaxial, the Vasculour II, and the Cooley II grafts. The animal trial involved implanting the four prototype devices as a thoracoabdominal bypass in dogs for eight different periods ranging from 4 hrs to 6 months and undertaking histologic and structural investigations on the retrieved grafts. Because of its poor long-term dimensional stability in vivo, the continued use of a weft knitted structure, like the Mikrofroté prosthesis, is to be deprecated. Conversely, the introduction of a more dimensionally stable warp knitted structure in three prototypes is to be acknowledged. However, the presence of surface contaminants was most likely responsible for the excessive inflammatory reaction generated by all four prostheses during the first month in vivo, which resulted in delayed healing performance. In addition, an unusually high surface carbon–oxygen ratio suggests that the crimping process needs further refinement. Improved cleaning and packaging procedures are essential before these products can compete against existing commercial prostheses of western origin. In conclusion, these new developments illustrate that the technology of warp knitting, which is now spreading worldwide, should be evaluated.}, number={1}, journal={ASAIO JOURNAL}, author={Guidoin, R. and KING, Martin W. and Marois, Y. and Ukpabi, P. and Deng, X. and Zhang, Z. and Yang, C. and Badour, B. and Laroche, G. and Martin, L. and et al.}, year={1997}, pages={69–83} }
 @article{julien_letouneau_marois_cardou_king_guidoin_chachra_lee_1997, title={Shelf-life of bioprosthetic heart valves: A structural and mechanical study}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0142-9612(96)00155-X}, abstractNote={This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of storage conditions on the shelf-life of porcine bioprosthetic valves. Fifty-five unimplanted porcine bioprostheses have been evaluated. The valves were stored in 0.5% buffered glutaraldehyde solution for different periods of time (7, 23 and 32 months). Twenty-eight valves were refrigerated while the remaining valves were stored at room temperature. The pH of the glutaraldehyde solution at room temperature decreased with time of storage, while that kept in the refrigerator remained stable over the course of the study. Macroscopic observations showed that the valve tissues kept at room temperature, especially for the periods of 23 and 32 months, became darker and more yellow in colour, whereas the refrigerated specimens exhibited no such changes in appearance. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed no noticeable differences on the surfaces of the leaflets stored under different conditions. Mechanical tests, including stress-strain response, stress relaxation and fracture behaviour, were carried out. Analysis of variance showed that the storage temperature, but not the length of storage, had a significant effect on some mechanical properties. The stress relaxation at 1000 s (P = 0.05), the ultimate tensile strength (P = 0.01) and the strain at fracture (P = 0.04) were all higher after storage at room temperature compared to the results after refrigeration. No statistically significant changes in the denaturation temperature of the collagen were observed between the different storage conditions. In conclusion, the storage temperature appears to have some influence on the bioprosthetic tissue. The bioprostheses stored under ambient conditions experience changes which may influence their longterm in vivo performance.}, number={8}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Julien, M and Letouneau, DR and Marois, Y and Cardou, A and King, MW and Guidoin, R and Chachra, D and Lee, JM}, year={1997}, month={Apr}, pages={605–612} }
 @article{marois_guidoin_deng_king_martin_roy_1997, title={The dialine II graft: A new collagen-impregnated warp-knitted polyester arterial prosthesis}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1615-5947"]}, DOI={10.1007/s100169900023}, abstractNote={The Dialine graft, a new prototype of knitted vascular prosthesis that uses a different brand of polyester fibers as an alternative to Dacron fibers, has been shown to offer excellent in vitro physical performance and in vivo healing. Although it still requires preclotting, the Dialine prosthesis was made impervious by impregnation of bovine type I collagen cross-linked with vapors of formalin. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the in vitro physical characteristics of the Dialine II graft with those of the collagen-impregnated Hemashield graft. In addition, we studied the healing performance as a thoracoabdominal bypass in dogs for prescheduled periods of implantation ranging from 4 hours to 6 months. In vitro, the bursting strength, resistance to dilatation, and suture retention strength properties of the Dialine II prosthesis were all shown to exceed those of the Hemashield control graft. In the first weeks after implantation, the Dialine II grafts induced a discrete inflammatory response, as shown by the constant leukocyte counts observed both before implantation and when the animals were killed, as well as by the histologic observation of a few inflammatory cells in contact with the collagen. Consequently, the Dialine II grafts showed a slow rate of bioresorption of cross-linked collagen. At 1 month, a thin internal collagenous capsule was present at both anastomoses, laying over the original collagen coating. At 3 and 6 months, areas of thrombotic deposits and endothelialized areas were observed on the luminal surface. Because results of early clinical trials have been highly satisfactory, this prosthesis may be recommended for use without restriction as a medium- and large-diameter blood conduit. The Dialine graft, a new prototype of knitted vascular prosthesis that uses a different brand of polyester fibers as an alternative to Dacron fibers, has been shown to offer excellent in vitro physical performance and in vivo healing. Although it still requires preclotting, the Dialine prosthesis was made impervious by impregnation of bovine type I collagen cross-linked with vapors of formalin. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the in vitro physical characteristics of the Dialine II graft with those of the collagen-impregnated Hemashield graft. In addition, we studied the healing performance as a thoracoabdominal bypass in dogs for prescheduled periods of implantation ranging from 4 hours to 6 months. In vitro, the bursting strength, resistance to dilatation, and suture retention strength properties of the Dialine II prosthesis were all shown to exceed those of the Hemashield control graft. In the first weeks after implantation, the Dialine II grafts induced a discrete inflammatory response, as shown by the constant leukocyte counts observed both before implantation and when the animals were killed, as well as by the histologic observation of a few inflammatory cells in contact with the collagen. Consequently, the Dialine II grafts showed a slow rate of bioresorption of cross-linked collagen. At 1 month, a thin internal collagenous capsule was present at both anastomoses, laying over the original collagen coating. At 3 and 6 months, areas of thrombotic deposits and endothelialized areas were observed on the luminal surface. Because results of early clinical trials have been highly satisfactory, this prosthesis may be recommended for use without restriction as a medium- and large-diameter blood conduit.}, number={2}, journal={ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY}, author={Marois, Y and Guidoin, R and Deng, XY and King, MW and Martin, L and Roy, R}, year={1997}, month={Mar}, pages={133–140} }
 @article{zhang_marois_guidoin_bull_marois_how_laroche_king_1997, title={Vascugraft(R) polyurethane arterial prosthesis as femoro-popliteal and femoro-peroneal bypasses in humans: Pathological, structural and chemical analyses of four excised grafts}, volume={18}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0142-9612(96)00054-3}, abstractNote={Following positive results obtained in in vitro studies and in vivo implantations in animals, a clinical trial using the Vascugraft polyurethane arterial prosthesis as a below-knee substitute was undertaken in 15 patients. Eight grafts became occluded during the first year, and segments from four of them were explanted and made available for pathological, structural and chemical investigations. The implantation periods ranged from 21 to 358 days. Failures were associated with kinking (one case), possible anastomotic mismatch between the graft and the artery (one case), and poor run-off (two cases). No organized collagenous internal encapsulation was noted; however, endothelial-like cells were observed at the anastomotic site of one graft. No significant structural degradation of the prostheses was observed in those grafts implanted for 21, 38 and 46 days. Some deteriorations in the fibrous structure were observed on the external surface of the prosthesis implanted for 358 days. High-resolution carbon C1s analysis by ESCA demonstrated a 60 to 80% decrease in carbonate content on the surface of all explanted prostheses. Chemical analyses of each polyurethane graft by IR, SEC and DSC revealed no significant chemical changes. The clinical performance of the Vascugraft prosthesis for below-knee implantation proved to be no more impressive than that of expanded polytetrafluorethylene, the currently accepted reference. The decision by B. Braun Melsungen AG to end this program is therefore to be regarded as highly professional.}, number={2}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Zhang, Z and Marois, Y and Guidoin, RG and Bull, P and Marois, M and How, T and Laroche, G and King, MW}, year={1997}, month={Jan}, pages={113–124} }
 @inproceedings{poddevin_marois_cronier_delagoutte_1996, title={A retrospective analysis of 89 surgically excised explants}, volume={3}, ISBN={9782878940299}, booktitle={0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3}, publisher={Paris: Romillat}, author={Poddevin, N. and Marois, Y. and Cronier, B. and Delagoutte, T.}, year={1996}, pages={313–326} }
 @article{marois_chakfe_guidoin_duhamel_roy_marois_king_douville_1996, title={An albumin-coated polyester arterial graft: In vivo assessment of biocompatibility and healing characteristics}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(96)80749-6}, abstractNote={The albumin-coated vascular graft (ACG) and its uncoated polyester substrate, the Vascular® II (V-II), were evaluated in terms of biocompatibility and biofunctionality using two in vivo animal studies. Biocompatibility and immunoreactivity were assessed by implanting intraperitoneally in the rat small segments of the ACG and the V-II graft and harvesting them with their surrounding tissue 3d, 1, 2 and 4 weeks later. Cytofluorometric determination of total T cells (CD3), the ratio of CD4CD8 subsets and the percentage of IL-2 receptor-positive T cells in the peripheral blood has revealed that no significant difference in any of the T cell populations was found between the ACG and the V-II graft. The cellular reactivity of the ACG in terms of acid phosphatase activity at the implant side was significantly greater at 3d but not at longer periods. Biofunctionality was evaluated by implanting both grafts as a thoracoabdominal vascular bypass in dogs for 11 different periods ranging from 4 h to 6 months. The rate of albumin resorption was such that traces were still present at 1 month, but no longer observable at 2 months. Tissue incorporation into the graft wall was earlier for the V-II (2 weeks) than for the ACG (4 weeks), which showed complete encapsulation, tissue incorporation and endothelialization after 2 months in vivo. Only small differences were observed between both grafts in terms of platelet and fibrin uptake on the luminal surface. The prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 ratio increased to a level higher that 1.0 aorta within 1 month for the V-II and 4 months for the ACG. In conclusion, the Bard ACG has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility in terms of blood T cell behaviour and acid phosphatase activity at the implant site. Finally, its healing response is equivalent to that of the uncoated Dacron® prosthesis once the albumin coating has been resorbed.}, number={1}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Marois, Y and Chakfe, N and Guidoin, R and Duhamel, RC and Roy, R and Marois, M and King, MW and Douville, Y}, year={1996}, month={Jan}, pages={3–14} }
 @article{guidoin_marois_deng_chakfe_marois_roy_king_douville_1996, title={Can collagen impregnated polyester arterial prostheses be recommended as small diameter blood conduits?}, volume={42}, ISSN={["1538-943X"]}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199642060-00010}, abstractNote={&NA; A collagen impregnated graft and its parent preclotted prosthesis were implanted as thoraco‐abdominal bypasses in dogs for periods ranging from 4 hr to 6 months and evaluated for their ease of handling, imperviousness, and healing behavior in terms of luminal surface thrombogenicity using labeled platelets and fibrinogen, prostacyclin (PGI2) secretion, histomorphometric determination of internal capsule thickness, and histopathologic and scanning electron microscopic studies. The collagen impregnated graft was impervious to blood and both grafts showed excellent handling characteristics. Fibrin uptake was negligible on both grafts; however, platelet uptake was higher on the collagen impregnated graft than on the control graft at 4 and 24 hr. The headling behavior of the collagen impregnated graft was also found to be different than that of the control graft between 1 and 6 months post implantation. The development of a host collagenous internal capsule at the anastomoses, and a confluent endothelial lining, was observed in both grafts at 1 month; in later implantation periods, the healing of the medial region was found to be more irregular in the collagen impregnated grafts, showing a lower mean PGI2 secretion than the preclotted control grafts. Histomorphometric analysis showed the internal capsule on the collagen impregnated grafts to be thicker than on the control grafts for most periods of implantation. The current study illustrates that the healing process of collagen impregnated grafts is delayed and that bovine collagen has a stimulating effect on tissue encapsulation. Current impregnated polyester arterial prostheses therefore cannot be recommended as small diameter blood conduits. ASAIO Journal 1996;42:947‐983.}, number={6}, journal={ASAIO JOURNAL}, author={Guidoin, R and Marois, Y and Deng, XY and Chakfe, N and Marois, M and Roy, R and King, MW and Douville, Y}, year={1996}, pages={974–983} }
 @article{zhang_king_how_laroche_guidoin_1996, title={Chemical and morphological analysis of explanted polyurethane vascular prostheses: The challenge of removing fixed adhering tissue}, volume={17}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(95)00246-4}, abstractNote={During in vivo experiments to evaluate the biocompatibility and biostability of alternative biomaterials, the ideal protocol for the handling and preservation of the explanted material is often compromised in order to meet the needs of both the pathologist and the materials scientist. Expiants surrounded by tissue are often fixed in formalin or glutaraldehyde to facilitate later pathological and histological analysis, but the subsequent removal of such fixed tissue from thermally sensitive and less chemically stable polymers, such as polyurethanes, poses major problems for the materials scientist, who does not wish to modify the chemical, physical or morphological characteristics of the underlying biomaterial. The present study has attempted to find a solution to this problem by exposing virgin specimens of the microporous polyurethane Vascugraft® vascular prosthesis to six different cleaning conditions, all known to be effective in removing fixed tissue. These conditions included the use of 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution for 48 h at room temperature, 5% sodium bicarbonate solution for 5 min at the boil, and 9, 10, 11 and 12 n hydrochloric acid for 48 h at room temperature. The appearance and chemical properties of the virgin and treated specimens were compared using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography for molecular weight and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The use of temperatures close to the boil resulted in the formation of a translucent, rubbery material with gross changes in the microporous and microfibrous structure. The strongly acidic and alkaline conditions caused a loss in the surface carbonate group content. In addition, 12 n hydrochloric acid reduced the molecular weight and urethane content. Consequently, 9 n hydrochloric acid is recommended as the cleaning agent of choice for removing fixed tissue from this type of microporous polyurethane. Control experiments on virgin material should also be included in any cleaning protocol.}, journal={Biomaterials}, author={Zhang, Z. and KING, Martin W. and How, T. V. and Laroche, G. and Guidoin, R. G.}, year={1996}, pages={1843–1848} }
 @article{king_poddevin_guidoin_marois_cronier_belanger_delagoutte_1996, title={Designing textile structures to repair and replace knee ligaments}, volume={113}, number={3}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W. and Poddevin, N. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, Y. and Cronier, B. and Belanger, A.Y. and Delagoutte, J.P.}, year={1996}, pages={53–57} }
 @article{deng_marois_guidoin_merhi_stroman_king_douville_1996, title={Efficiency of an external support to reduce lipid infiltration into venous grafts: In vitro evaluation}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1111/j.1525-1594.1996.tb00662.x}, abstractNote={Abstract:  Excessive distension of venous grafts due to arterial pressure enhances the convective water transport (filtration flow) through the vessel wall, and thus might affect the infiltration of macromolecules such as lipoproteins. In this paired experimental study, filtration velocities were measured at 100 mm Hg for canine jugular veins with or without external supports of expanded poly‐tetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) arterial prostheses. In addition, to assess the effect of filtration velocity on lipid infiltration or uptake, canine jugular veins were wrapped over half of their lengths with ePTFE arterial prostheses and perfused with dog serum containing 3H‐cholesterol at a pressure of 100 mm Hg. At 100 mm Hg, the average filtration velocity of the wrapped jugular veins was 7.9 ± 1.3 ± 10‐6 cm/s whereas the average filtration velocity of the unwrapped veins was 27.3 ± 2.7 ± 10‐6 cm/s (p < 0.005). Moreover, the unwrapped veins had a significantly higher uptake rate of labeled cholesterol than the wrapped veins (10.9 ± 7.3 ± 10‐4 cm/h and 5.0 ± 1.6 ± 10‐4 cm/h, respectively, p < 0.005). In conclusion, under arterial pressure, veins experience excessive distention, which leads to significant increases in both filtration flow and cholesterol uptake. An external wrap or support of ePTFE material protects veins from excessive distension and thus may prevent atherosclerosis in venous grafts by reducing cholesterol uptake.}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={Deng, X. and Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. and Merhi, Y. and Stroman, P. and KING, Martin W. and Douville, Y.}, year={1996}, pages={1208–1214} }
 @inproceedings{jakubiec_marois_roy_sigot-luizard_dugre_dao_king_laroche_guidoin_1996, title={In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of electrically conducting polypyrrole treated polyester fabrics}, booktitle={ASAIO Journal}, author={Jakubiec, B. and Marois, Y. and Roy, R. and Sigot-Luizard, M.F. and Dugre, F. and Dao, L.H. and King, M.W. and Laroche, G. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996} }
 @article{soares_king_marois_guidoin_laroche_charara_girard_1996, title={In vitro characterization of a fluoropassivated gelatin-impregnated polyester mesh for hernia repair}, volume={32}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199610)32:2<259::AID-JBM16>3.0.CO;2-E}, abstractNote={The present study was undertaken to evaluate a new prototype mesh that consists of a knitted polyester structure treated with a fluoropolymer and impregnated with gelatin. The Fluoropassiv mesh, as well as two controls, the Surgipro polypropylene mesh and the Gore-Tex expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch, were used for the repair of experimentally induced abdominal hernias in piglets and followed for scheduled implantation periods of 4, 15, and 60 days. At the sacrifice the mesh and surrounding tissue were excised for histological assessment of the healing sequence, for the identification of changes in hematologic and immunological characteristics, and for the measurement of the mechanical properties. After cleaning to remove the encroaching tissue, the explanted devices were monitored for biostability by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The present study has demonstrated that the Fluoropassiv mesh provides adequate mechanical strength and compares favorably with the two controls. No exacerbated systemic or in situ hematologic or immunological reactions were observed with either the meshes of the patch material. Histological studies revealed that thick collagenous and vascularized tissue were well anchored to the three biomaterials as early as 15 days after implantation. The degree of tissue penetration differed depending on the device. Chemically, they proved stable over time.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={Soares, BM and King, MW and Marois, Y and Guidoin, RG and Laroche, G and Charara, J and Girard, JF}, year={1996}, month={Oct}, pages={259–270} }
 @article{mendes-soares_guidoin_marois_martin_king_laroche_zhang_charara_girard_1996, title={In vivo characterization of a fluoropassivated gelatin-impregnated polyester mesh for hernia repair}, volume={32}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199611)32:3<293::aid-jbm2>3.3.co;2-o}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research}, author={Mendes-Soares, B. and Guidoin, R. G. and Marois, Y. and Martin, L. and KING, Martin W. and Laroche, G. and Zhang, Z. and Charara, J. and Girard, J. F.}, year={1996}, pages={293–305} }
 @inproceedings{mary_marois_guidoin_laroche_king_pageau_awad_1996, title={In vivo comparison of the healing performance and biostability of two monofilament sutures for vascular surgery}, booktitle={ASAIO Journal}, author={Mary, C. and Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. and Laroche, G. and King, M.W. and Pageau, J.F. and Awad, J.}, year={1996} }
 @inproceedings{marois_jakubiec_roy_king_dao_laroche_guidoin_1996, title={In vivo mononuclear cell activation and tissue reaction to electrically conducting polypyrrole treated polyester fabrics}, booktitle={ASAIO Journal}, author={Marois, Y. and Jakubiec, B. and Roy, R. and King, M.W. and Dao, L.H. and Laroche, G. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996} }
 @inproceedings{king_hong_guzman_guidoin_1996, title={Predicting the knotting performance of surgical sutures}, booktitle={Fifth World Biomaterials Congress : May 29-June 2, 1996, Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto, Canada : programme and transactions}, publisher={Toronto : University of Toronto Press}, author={King, M.W. and Hong, T. and Guzman, R.P. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996} }
 @inproceedings{poddevin_king_guidoin_marois_cronier_delagoutte_1996, title={Protheses du ligament croise anterieur: Importance de la structure textile pour assurer la biofonctionnalite, la biocompatibilite et la biodurabilite}, volume={3}, ISBN={9782878940299}, booktitle={0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3}, publisher={Paris: Romillat}, author={Poddevin, N. and King, M.W. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, Y. and Cronier, B. and Delagoutte, J.P.}, year={1996}, pages={327–337} }
 @article{marois_guidoin_roy_vidovsky_jakubiec_sigot-luizard_braybrook_merhi_laroche_king_et al._1996, title={Selecting valid in vitro biocompatibility tests that predict the in vivo healing response of synthetic vascular prostheses}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(95)00245-6}, abstractNote={We have investigated the usefulness of six in vitro biocompatibility tests in predicting the healing performance of polyester vascular prostheses as observed in previous canine in vivo trials. Vascular grafts were evaluated by using (i) a direct contact (DC) assay, (ii) an extract dilution (ED) assay on murine fibroblast cells, (iii) a DC assay on endothelial cells, (iv) a complement activation study, (v) a leucocyte activation study of CD18 integrin subunit expression on human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and (vi) interleukin-2 receptor expression on lymphocytes. Uncleaned polyester grafts had previously been associated with poor healing and gelatin-impregnated polyester grafts with delayed but satisfactory healing, whereas commercially cleaned polyester grafts had demonstrated excellent healing. Lightweight and heavyweight knitted and woven polyester grafts supplied specifically for this project were studied, each with a different surface condition, i.e. commercially available (CP), uncleaned (UP) and impregnated with gelatin (GP). The UP grafts induced fibroblast cytotoxicity according to the ED assay, poor migration and viability of endothelial cells, and an elevated expression of CD18 and interleukin-2 receptor on PMNs and lymphocytes, respectively. In contrast, the CP grafts promoted good endothelial cell growth, no evidence of cytotoxicity and a weaker cell activation, and the GP grafts were found to be non-cytotoxic, to exhibit a good cellular response and to moderate cell activation. The complement activation assay and the DC assay on fibroblasts were found to be less useful and less discriminating. From this, it is concluded that the two cell activation measurements, the DC assay on endothelial cells and ED assay on fibroblasts, are useful in predicting the in vivo healing response of arterial polyester substitutes.}, number={19}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. G. and Roy, R. and Vidovsky, T. and Jakubiec, B. and Sigot-Luizard, M. F. and Braybrook, J. and Merhi, Y. and Laroche, G. and KING, Martin W. and et al.}, year={1996}, month={Oct}, pages={1835–1842} }
 @inproceedings{marois_delagoutte_guidoin_1996, title={Synovial healing response to synthetic ligamentous fibres implanted in the knee joint of the rat}, volume={3}, ISBN={9782878940299}, booktitle={0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3}, publisher={Paris: Romillat}, author={Marois, Y. and Delagoutte, J.P. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996}, pages={339–348} }
 @inproceedings{poddevin_king_marois_guidoin_1996, title={The injured knee: A textile challenge}, booktitle={Spring 1996 joint conference: May 13 - 15, 1996, Nassau Inn, Princeton, New Jersey ; book of abstracts.}, publisher={Clemson, SC: Fiber Society}, author={Poddevin, N. and King, M.W. and Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996} }
 @article{formichi_roby_marinov_stroman_marois_king_silva_douville_guidoin_1996, title={Transfemoral endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm in dogs:  Validation of the Cragg Endopro System 1}, volume={3}, journal={Journal of Endovascular Therapy}, author={Formichi, M. and Roby, P. and Marinov, G.R. and Stroman, P. and Marois, Y. and King, M.W. and Silva, A.R. and Douville, Y. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1996}, pages={462} }
 @article{marois_paris_zhang_doillon_king_guidoin_1996, title={Vascugraft(R) microporous polyesterurethane arterial prosthesis as a thoraco-abdominal bypass in dogs}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(96)88674-1}, number={13}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={Marois, Y and Paris, E and Zhang, Z and Doillon, CJ and King, MW and Guidoin, RG}, year={1996}, month={Jul}, pages={1289–1300} }
 @article{marois_chakfe_deng_marois_how_king_guidoin_1995, title={CARBODIIMIDE CROSS-LINKED GELATIN - NEW COATING FOR POROUS POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESES}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(95)93576-Y}, abstractNote={The performance of a polyester arterial prosthesis impregnated with gelatin and cross-linked with carbodiimide (Uni-graft®) was compared with its porous parent graft (Protegraft®) using a canine thoraco-abdominal bypass model. The grafts were investigated in terms of their handling characteristics, imperviousness at implantation, surface thrombogenicity and healing behaviour. Prostheses 30 cm in length were implanted for the following periods: 4, 24 and 48 h, 1, 2 and 4 weeks, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months. Both types of graft had good handling characteristics. The ready-to-use impregnated graft provided satisfactory haemostasis at implantation with no blood permeating through the wall after flow was restored. Both grafts exhibited low surface thrombogenicity, as determined by the uptake of labelled fibrin and platelets, and the healing sequence of the impregnated graft after resorption of the gelatin was equivalent to that of the preclotted control. Biodegradation of the gelatin was complete within 1 month of implantation with the subsequent development of a collagenous internal capsule at both anastomoses. Endothelial cells were observed between 4 and 6 months, but were confined to small islets distributed along the luminal surface. The prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 (PGI2TXA2) ratio, which gives an indication of the level of endothelial cell activity, was greater than 1.0 after 1 week of implantation for the control graft. For the impregnated graft it reached 1.0 only after 3 months of implantation, but remained above 1.0 for periods of up to 6 months. In conclusion, the impregnated graft experienced first a biodegradation of the gelatin coating which then gave way to a similar healing sequence to that of the preclotted prosthesis.}, number={15}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={MAROIS, Y and CHAKFE, N and DENG, XY and MAROIS, M and HOW, T and KING, MW and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1995}, month={Oct}, pages={1131–1139} }
 @article{king_marois_guidoin_ukpabi_deng_martin_paris_douville_1995, title={EVALUATING THE DIALINE(R) VASCULAR PROSTHESIS KNITTED FROM AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF POLYESTER YARNS}, volume={29}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820290507}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={KING, MW and MAROIS, Y and GUIDOIN, R and UKPABI, P and DENG, XY and MARTIN, L and PARIS, E and DOUVILLE, Y}, year={1995}, month={May}, pages={595–610} }
 @article{poddevin_cronier_marois_delagoutte_mainard_jaeger_belanger_king_guidoin_1995, title={Etude macroscopique, histologique, et ultrastructurale de 89 protheses du ligament croise anterieur explantees pour echec}, volume={81}, journal={Revue de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Re?paratrice de l'Appareil Moteur}, author={Poddevin, N. and Cronier, B. and Marois, Y. and Delagoutte, J.P. and Mainard, D. and Jaeger, J.M. and Belanger, A.Y. and King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1995}, pages={410–418} }
 @inproceedings{marois_deng_king_marois_guidoin_awad_1995, title={In vitro and in vivo characterization of a new polyester arterial prosthesis sealed with irradiated collagen}, booktitle={ASAIO Journal}, author={Marois, Y. and Deng, X. and King, M.W. and Marois, M. and Guidoin, R. and Awad, J.}, year={1995} }
 @inproceedings{soares_guidoin_king_marois_martin_laroche_charara_girard_dion_1995, title={Introducing the fluoropassivated Dacron mesh for hernia repair:  In vitro and in vivo characterization in pigs}, booktitle={ASAIO Journal}, author={Soares, B.M. and Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Marois, Y. and Martin, L. and Laroche, G. and Charara, J. and Girard, J.F. and Dion, Y.M.}, year={1995} }
 @article{dadgar_downs_deng_marois_king_martin_guidoin_1995, title={LONGITUDINAL FORCES ACTING AT SIDE-TO-END AND END-TO-SIDE ANASTOMOSES WHEN A KNITTED POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS IS IMPLANTED IN THE DOG}, volume={8}, ISSN={["0894-1939"]}, DOI={10.3109/08941939509023139}, abstractNote={In a previous study, which investigated the tensions at the proximal and distal end-to-end anastomoses of a vascular prosthesis, no significant differences were found in the longitudinal forces between the two anastomotic sites after different periods of implantation. The present follow-up study was devised to study the longitudinal forces at a proximal side-to-end and a distal end-to-side anastomosis using a warp knitted polyester prosthesis implanted as a canine thorocoabdominal bypass. The external surface of the prosthesis contained a specially printed "tension indicator" design, which enabled changes in length to be assessed photographically at the two anastomoses at the time of implantation and at sacrifice. The longitudinal force at each site was then calculated using a relationship obtained experimentally between the total longitudinal force and the changes in length of the virgin graft in vitro. The in vitro measurements on the prosthesis were performed using a computer-controlled laser calibration system. Although the results showed a tendency toward a gradual loss in longitudinal force at both anastomoses over 7 months in situ, statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the longitudinal force at the two anastomotic sites after any period of implantation. Histopathological and textile analysis also showed that the characteristics of the prostheses were similar at both anastomotic sites. This does not mean, however, that the intramural stress concentrations experienced by the two sites were the same. While comparing the level of the longitudinal forces measured in this study with those observed in the previous thoracic aorta study using end-to-end anastomoses, no significant differences were observed due to the different types of anastomoses. It would appear that the longitudinal force is not one of the main etiological factors that cause the formation and localization of anastomotic failure.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE SURGERY}, author={DADGAR, L and DOWNS, AR and DENG, XY and MAROIS, Y and KING, MW and MARTIN, L and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1995}, pages={163–178} }
 @article{deng_marois_how_merhi_king_guidoin_1995, title={LUMINAL SURFACE CONCENTRATION OF LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) AND ITS EFFECT ON THE WALL UPTAKE OF CHOLESTEROL BY CANINE CAROTID ARTERIES}, volume={21}, ISSN={["0741-5214"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0}, abstractNote={The effect of near-wall blood flow velocity and plasma filtration velocity across the arterial wall on luminal surface concentration of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and the uptake of tritium-cholesterol were investigated.A numeric analysis of LDL transport in steady flow, over the range of physiologically relevant flow rates, predicted a surface concentration of LDL of 4% to 16% greater than that in the bulk flow. The LDL surface concentration increased linearly with filtration velocity and inversely with wall shear rate.These were validated experimentally in canine carotid arteries. When the transmural pressure was increased from 100 to 200 mm Hg, the filtration velocity increased from 5.13 x 10(-6) cm/sec to 8.41 x 10(-6) cm/sec, whereas the normalized uptake rate of tritium-cholesterol increased from 3.58 x 10(-4) cm/hour to 7.36 x 10(-4) cm/hour.These results indicate that lipids accumulate at the luminal surface in areas where blood flow velocity and wall shear stress are low and where the permeability of the endothelial layer is enhanced. Moreover, the rate of lipid infiltration into the blood vessel walls is affected by the luminal surface concentration. These findings are consistent with chronic hypertension and elevated blood cholesterol concentrations being major risk factors for atherosclerosis.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY}, author={DENG, XY and MAROIS, Y and HOW, T and MERHI, Y and KING, M and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1995}, month={Jan}, pages={135–145} }
 @article{deng_king_guidoin_1995, title={Localization of atherosclerosis in arterial junctions: Concentration distribution of low density lipoproteins at the luminal surface in regions of disturbed flow}, volume={41}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199501000-00010}, abstractNote={To investigate the role of fluid mechanical factors in atherogenesis and anastomotic intimal hyperplasia, the effect of blood flow on the transfer of low density lipoproteins from flowing blood to the luminal surface was studied theoretically using a two dimensional T-junction model. The flow fields in the junction were obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes equations numerically and the concentration distribution of low density lipoproteins at the luminal surface was determined using a finite difference analysis. The transfer of low density lipoproteins from flowing blood to the surface of the vessel wall was greatly enhanced in the two regions of disturbed flow, one in the main vessel, the other in the subsidiary vessel. The highest concentration of low density lipoproteins on the inner surface of the vessel wall was predicted to occur in the areas of the reattachment points. The slower the recirculation flow, the higher the lipid accumulation at the luminal surface in the disturbed flow regions and the wider the highly concentrated low density lipoprotein area. In summary, the authors' mathematical model predicts that locally disturbed blood flows at arterial bifurcations and surgically created junctions provide favorable conditions for the accumulation of atherogenic substances at the luminal surface, thus increasing the potential for lipid infiltration into the vessel wall.}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Deng, X. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1995}, pages={58–67} }
 @article{guidoin_stroman_rolland_dufour_alikacem_auger_king_dorne_roy_grondin_1995, title={Magnetic resonance mammography of patients with silicone breast implants: Prospectives for the future}, volume={4}, journal={International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology}, author={Guidoin, R. and Stroman, P.W. and Rolland, C. and Dufour, M. and Alikacem, N. and Auger, M. and King, M.W. and Dorne, L. and Roy, J. and Grondin, P.}, year={1995}, pages={177–196} }
 @article{guidoin_king_1995, title={Mechanisms of failure for anterior cruciate ligament prostheses implanted in humans:  A retrospective analysis of 79 surgically excised explants.  (Co-operative retrieval program of explanted prostheses)}, volume={3}, journal={Polymers and Polymer Composites}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M. W.}, year={1995}, pages={79–97} }
 @article{laroche_marois_guidoin_king_martin_how_douville_1995, title={POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE (PVDF) AS A BIOMATERIAL - FROM POLYMERIC RAW-MATERIAL TO MONOFILAMENT VASCULAR SUTURE}, volume={29}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820291209}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={LAROCHE, G and MAROIS, Y and GUIDOIN, R and KING, MW and MARTIN, L and HOW, T and DOUVILLE, Y}, year={1995}, month={Dec}, pages={1525–1536} }
 @article{zhang_guidoin_king_how_marois_laroche_1995, title={REMOVING FRESH TISSUE FROM EXPLANTED POLYURETHANE PROSTHESES - WHICH APPROACH FACILITATES PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS}, volume={16}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(95)93854-7}, abstractNote={Chemical, physical and structural analyses of polymers from explanted vascular prostheses are frequently jeopardized because of incomplete removal of the encroaching host tissue. In this study, microporous polyurethane arterial prostheses implanted as a canine thoraco-abdominal bypass were explanted after 1 and 12 months and were cleaned without fixation using four different digesting enzyme treatments, including collagenase, pancreatin and trypsin alone and collagenase and pancreatin in series, followed by washing in a solution of Triton X-100 detergent. By following this approach all the fresh tissue attached to the external and internal walls of the prostheses was removed with minimal damage to the underlying synthetic polymer. The morphology of the explanted and cleaned polyurethane prostheses could be obtained readily by light and scanning electron microscopy. Surface microporous features and the presence of polyurethane microfibres that had experienced in vivo biodegradation could therefore be identified easily. The surface and bulk physicochemical properties of the polyurethane polymer were determined by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the most successful approach for removing fresh tissue and exposing a clean and uncontaminated polyurethane surface was to incubate the explanted samples first in collagenase followed by digestion in pancreatin. This particular cleaning technique has proved valuable in enabling us to monitor small in vivo changes in the surface chemistry and in the bulk microphase segmented structure of polyurethane biomaterials.}, number={5}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={ZHANG, Z and GUIDOIN, R and KING, MW and HOW, TV and MAROIS, Y and LAROCHE, G}, year={1995}, month={Mar}, pages={369–380} }
 @article{ukpabi_marois_king_deng_martin_laroche_douville_guidoin_1995, title={The Gelweave polyester arterial prosthesis}, volume={38}, number={4}, journal={Canadian Journal of Surgery}, author={Ukpabi, P. and Marois, Y. and King, M. and Deng, X. and Martin, L. and Laroche, G. and Douville, Y. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1995}, pages={322–331} }
 @inproceedings{guidoin_king_cardou_1994, title={Evaluating the long-term biodurability of synthetic arterial prostheses: Can animals be replaced by a mechanical fatigue tester?}, ISBN={9789971623746}, booktitle={Eighth International Conference on Biomedical Engineering: proceedings: 7-10 December 1994, Singapore, Hyatt Regency}, publisher={Singapore : Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M.W. and Cardou, A.}, editor={J.C.H. Goh and Nather, A.Editors}, year={1994} }
 @article{wagner_guidoin_marois_mantovani_roy_ricci_marois_king_gill_awad_et al._1994, title={Histopathological findings in synthetic and biological explanted grafts used in peripheral arterial reconstruction}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199407000-00008}, abstractNote={Surgically explanted vascular grafts, including 47 autografts, 14 allografts, 103 chemically processed human umbilical vein (HUV) grafts, and 406 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts, were studied histopathologically. Autografts, HUV, and PTFE grafts were implanted mostly in the femoropopliteal position, whereas allografts were used as a blood access for hemodialysis. The main cause for explantation in autografts (53.6%), HUV (74.8%), and PTFE (61.3%) was thrombosis, whereas allograft failure was usually related to aneurysmal degeneration (72.7%). The infection rates of HUV (20.9%) and PTFE (25%) grafts were higher than those of autografts (4.8%) and allografts (9.1%). Furthermore, bacterial colonization occurred more frequently in HUV (63.9%) and PTFE (64.7%) than in autografts (6.7%) and allografts (0%). Leukocyte infiltration was detected mostly in HUV (39.4%) and PTFE (27%) explants. Autografts and allografts both showed a 7.1% rate of lipid uptake, whereas lipid retention was observed in 84.9% of HUV and 79.8% of PTFE grafts. These results suggest that biologic vascular grafts are to be used preferentially in small diameter arterial reconstruction because of their resistance to bacterial colonization and lipid uptake.}, number={M279}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Wagner, E. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, M. and Mantovani, D. and Roy, R. and Ricci, M. and Marois, Y. and KING, Martin W. and Gill, F. and Awad, J.A. and et al.}, year={1994} }
 @article{zhang_king_guidoin_therrien_doillon_diehljones_huebner_1994, title={IN-VITRO EXPOSURE OF A NOVEL POLYESTERURETHANE GRAFT TO ENZYMES - A STUDY OF THE BIOSTABILITY OF THE VASCUGRAFT(R) ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS}, volume={15}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(94)90233-X}, abstractNote={The biostability of the Vascugraft arterial prosthesis, a porous synthetic graft made by a novel spinning process from a unique poly(ester urethane) polymer, has been studied by means of an in vitro enzyme incubation technique. Samples of the Vascugraft were exposed to buffered solutions of collagenase and pancreatin, as well as the buffer solutions alone, for periods of up to 100 days at 37 +/- 1 degrees C. On removal and after cleaning, a number of different analytic methods, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), interference microscopy, moisture content and contact angle measurements, were used to examine the changes in chemical structure and surface morphology of the samples. During incubation in both enzymes the molecular weight of the polyurethane appeared to decrease in the presence of enzyme but increase in the presence of buffer. Further microphase separation in the polyurethane material developed during incubation in buffer solutions. Such changes in microstructure were associated with increased surface hydrophilicity, increased moisture content and a significant improvement in the extent of order and preferred orientation of the hard segment domains within the fibres. In the sampling depth of about 5 nm, both enzymes decreased the carbonate group content at the surface of the prosthesis to as little as 40% of their original values. The results from ATR-FTIR and DSC demonstrated that this phenomenon was limited primarily to the soft segment phase. While the Vascugraft prosthesis did exhibit some limited chemical modifications on exposure to concentrated enzyme solutions, nevertheless such changes were confined to the surface layer of the polyurethane microfibres. The importance and significance of those results will be more adequately determined by in vivo investigation.}, number={14}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={ZHANG, Z and KING, M and GUIDOIN, R and THERRIEN, M and DOILLON, C and DIEHLJONES, WL and HUEBNER, E}, year={1994}, month={Nov}, pages={1129–1144} }
 @article{zhang_king_marois_marois_guidoin_1994, title={IN-VIVO PERFORMANCE OF THE POLYESTERURETHANE VASCUGRAFT(R) PROSTHESIS IMPLANTED AS A THORACOABDOMINAL BYPASS IN DOGS - AN EXPLORATORY-STUDY}, volume={15}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(94)90096-5}, abstractNote={Among the various prototype vascular prostheses that have been developed over recent years as small vessel substitutes, the Vascugraft polyurethane device produced by Braun-Melsungen AG has a number of attractive features. As well as having high mechanical compliance similar to that of the arterial tree, it has been manufactured from a specially synthesized poly(ester urethane) with improved biostability and its microfibrous structure provides a highly porous wall with open communicating pores. With a view to evaluating the in vivo biofunctionality and biostability of this prosthesis in the dog, 10 mm diameter grafts were implanted as thoraco-abdominal bypasses for prescheduled periods of 1 months and 12 months, and their performance monitored in terms of gross morphology, histology and the measurement of the chemical and physical properties of the explanted and cleaned specimens. Both grafts were patent at retrieval. Each had a smooth and glistening flow surface without organized mural thrombi and showed the development of a thin collagenous internal capsule with the presence of endothelial-like cells. Both grafts were well encapsulated externally and revealed a small distal bend or kink which is frequently observed by any thoraco-abdominal bypass in dogs. The fresh explanted prostheses were cleaned by a new enzyme treatment which provided specimens for microscopic, mechanical and thermal analyses, as well as studies of the surface and bulk chemistry. By comparing the results from the explanted and cleaned material with those of the virgin prosthesis, we have observed some deterioration in the integrity of the microfibrous structure, some loss in mechanical performance, marginal changes in molecular weight, and an apparent microphase separation of the hard and soft segment domains at a depth of a few microns. While the biofunctionality of a 10 mm calibre device has been demonstrated, additional in vivo studies are recommended to assess the biofunctionality at different diameters and the biostability over longer periods of implantation.}, number={13}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={ZHANG, Z and KING, MW and MAROIS, Y and MAROIS, M and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1994}, month={Oct}, pages={1099–1112} }
 @inbook{paris_guidoin_delorme_1994, title={Innovations and deviations in therapeutic vascular devices}, ISBN={9780824789695}, booktitle={Polymeric biomaterials}, publisher={New York: Marcel Dekker}, author={Paris, E. and Guidoin, R. and Delorme, J.M.}, year={1994} }
 @article{dadgar_deng_marois_martin_king_guidoin_1994, title={Longitudinal forces acting on a knitted polyester prosthesis when implanted as a thoracic aorta substitute in dogs}, volume={7}, DOI={10.3109/08941939409016505}, abstractNote={The longitudinal forces under which arterial prostheses are held in situ are of great importance. The tension caused by the longitudinal force may be one of the factors involved in the formation of anastomotic false aneurysms. In order to measure the changes in the longitudinal force at both proximal and distal end-to-end anastomoses over different periods of implantation, we devised an experimental study in which the changes in length of a warp-knitted polyester VP1200K (Vascutek Ltd., Inchinnan, Scotland) arterial prosthesis, used as a thoracic aorta substitute in the dog, were recorded photographically at implantation and removal. The longitudinal forces acting at the two sites were then calculated using a linear relationship between the longitudinal force and the changes in length of a virgin prosthesis, which was found experimentally in vitro using a computerized laser calibration system. One-tailed Student's t-test showed no significant difference between the length indicator values at the two anastomotic sites at different periods of implantation except during the 1-month period. Textile analysis of the explanted prostheses and histopathologic observations confirmed this similar behavior at the two anastomotic sites. These observations were contrary to the theoretic prediction regarding the effect of forces applied by drag and tissue ingrowth. Nevertheless, analysis of variance confirmed that there was no difference evident at the two sites between different implantation periods. These observations may explain why the formation of anastomotic false aneurysms is less common at end-to-end anastomoses.}, journal={Journal of Investigative Surgery}, author={Dadgar, L. and Deng, X. and Marois, Y. and Martin, L. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1994}, pages={377–391} }
 @article{dorne_stroman_rolland_auger_bronskill_grondin_king_guidoin_1994, title={Magnetic resonance study of virgin and explanted silicone breast prostheses: Can proton relaxation times be used to monitor their biostability?}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199407000-00074}, abstractNote={The development of sensitive and non invasive magnetic resonance (MR) techniques for monitoring the fate of silicones in breast prostheses in vivo requires detailed knowledge of the MR properties of these silicones. To characterize changes in the proton dynamics, relaxation time measurements (T1 and T2) were obtained on virgin and explanted breast prostheses using both spectroscopic and imaging techniques in a magnetic field of 1.5 Tesla. Averaged transverse relaxation times (T2) were observed to depend neither on the measurement technique employed (virgin silicone, T2 = 160 +/- 5 msec with imaging and 154 +/- 9 msec spectroscopically) nor on the effect of being implanted in the body for various periods of time ranging from 4 months to 17 years (explanted silicone, T2 = 164 +/- 16 msec with imaging and 159 +/- 25 msec spectroscopically). Average longitudinal relaxation times (T1) were also found to be similar for virgin and explanted prostheses (virgin silicone T1 = 899 +/- 32 msec, explanted silicone T1 = 879 +/- 75 msec, measured with imaging), but appeared to depend on the measurement technique employed (virgin silicone T1 = 764 +/- 17 msec, explanted silicone T1 = 765 +/- 23 msec, measured spectroscopically). Although the measured relaxation times did not reveal any differences between virgin and explanted prostheses, marginal differences were detected between the relaxation times of explanted prostheses from different manufacturers. More reference data on standard silicone products may be required before changes in implanted silicone can be assessed using proton magnetic relaxation times.}, number={M625}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Dorne, L. and Stroman, P. and Rolland, C. and Auger, M. and Bronskill, M. and Grondin, P. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1994} }
 @article{zhang_king_guidoin_therrien_pezolet_adnot_ukpabi_vantal_1994, title={Morphological, physical and chemical evaluation of the Vascugrafta? arterial prosthesis: Comparison of a novel polyurethane device with other microporous structures}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(94)90014-0}, abstractNote={In this study the morphology, physical properties, surface chemical characteristics and microstructure of the Vascugraft arterial prosthesis have been investigated. This is a novel microporous polyurethane device, recently developed by the company Braun-Melsungen AG in Germany for use as a small calibre arterial substitute. This comparative study included two other synthetic grafts: the Mitrathane prosthesis, a hydrophilic prototype polyetherurethane urea graft with closed internal pores, and the commercially successful expanded polytetrafluoroethylene reinforced Goretex prosthesis with an open microporous structure. The Vascugraft prosthesis contains a network of fused microfibres of varying thickness and orientation which provide open and communicating pores similar in size to those in the Goretex material. In addition, they extend from one side of the graft wall to the other. As well as having superior longitudinal and radial compliance to the reinforced Goretex device, the Vascugraft prosthesis has more than adequate bursting and suture retention strengths. Through the use of contact angle measurements, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and molecular weight analysis by size exclusion chromatography, the surface of the Vascugraft prosthesis has been shown to be uniquely hydrophobic, as well as containing carbonate groups within an aliphatic polyesterurethane polymer. In addition, variations in micro-phase separation structure of hard and soft segment domains between different sizes and batches of product are marginal. Because of the interesting physical and chemical properties, it is recommended that in vitro biocompatibility and biostability studies be undertaken prior to using the prosthesis in animal or clinical trials.}, journal={Biomaterials}, author={Zhang, Z. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Therrien, M. and Pezolet, M. and Adnot, A. and Ukpabi, P. and Vantal, M. H.}, year={1994}, pages={483–501} }
 @article{king_zhang_ukpabi_murphy_guidoin_1994, title={QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF THE SURFACE-MORPHOLOGY AND TEXTILE STRUCTURE OF THE POLYURETHANE VASCUGRAFT(R) ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS USING IMAGE AND STATISTICAL-ANALYSES}, volume={15}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(94)90213-5}, abstractNote={The surface morphology and textile structure of the Vascugraft polyurethane arterial prosthesis were investigated. Novel methods of image analysis and the presentation of statistical data were used to obtain quantitative results of the surface morphology of the non-woven microfibrous structure of prostheses of three different sizes. These techniques have identified apparent differences in the distributions of thickness and orientation of the microfibres between the internal and external surfaces and between the three prostheses investigated.}, number={8}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={KING, MW and ZHANG, Z and UKPABI, P and MURPHY, D and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1994}, month={Jun}, pages={621–627} }
 @article{guidoin_marois_zhang_king_martin_laroche_awad_1994, title={The benefits of fluoropassivation of polyester arterial prostheses as observed in a canine model}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199407000-00121}, abstractNote={The effect of treating the surface of a polyester vascular prosthesis with a novel fluoropolymer before sealing the graft with gelatin has been evaluated in a canine thoracoabdominal bypass model. The healing behavior of the Fluoropassiv graft was compared with that of the Gelsoft ERS prosthesis used as control for prescheduled periods of implantation ranging from 4 hr to 6 months. Both series of explanted grafts were analyzed using macroscopic, histologic, and scanning electron microscopic observations, and by determining the prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 ratio (PGI2/TXA2) and the thrombogenicity of the luminal surface by means of labelled platelets and fibrin deposition. Chemical analysis of explanted and cleaned graft segments was performed using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and contact angle methods. No difference in platelet and fibrin deposition or PGI2/TXA2 secretion by the luminal surface was observed between the treated and the control grafts at any implantation period. On the other hand, pathologic investigation has revealed that, although there is no difference between the two grafts during the first month, the healing sequence of the Fluoropassiv graft appeared more complete and mature than the control graft after 3 and 6 months. Differences were observed in the extent of collagenous internal capsular development, endothelialization, and tissue penetration into the knitted structure. The presence of fluorine and a higher contact angle at the surface of all the explanted fluoropassivated grafts is believed to have been responsible for reducing the inflammatory response and enhancing the long-term healing behavior of this novel prototype device over the control gelatin sealed prosthesis.}, number={M870}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Guidoin, R. and Marois, Y. and Zhang, Z. and KING, Martin W. and Martin, L. and Laroche, G. and Awad, J.}, year={1994} }
 @article{deng_marois_king_guidoin_1994, title={Uptake of 3H-7-cholesterol along the arterial wall at an area of stenosis}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199440020-00012}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Deng, X. and Marois, Y. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1994}, pages={186–191} }
 @article{urban_king_guidoin_laroche_marois_martin_cardou_douville_1994, title={Why make monofilament sutures out of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)?}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199404000-00006}, abstractNote={In recent years some clinical reports have associated suture failures with polypropylene monofilaments. Therefore there is interest in developing an alternative suture material that is less thrombogenic than polyester and similar in handling characteristics but less prone to mechanical failure than polypropylene. To this end, Peters Laboratoire Pharmaceutique has developed a new monofilament suture material from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which has been subjected to a special treatment to modify its crystalline form and level of crystallinity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its mechanical, chemical, and biologic properties and to compare its performance, in a peripheral vascular application, to that of a polypropylene control. A series of in vitro tests were performed to study the morphology, tensile properties, creep, surface chemistry, thermal characteristics, and resistance to iatrogenic trauma. In addition, an in vivo trial was undertaken in which vascular prostheses anastomosed with either PVDF or polypropylene sutures were implanted as athoracoabdominal bypass for 6 months in the dog. Histologic and degradation analyses were performed on the explants. The results from the mechanical tests on 4-0, 5-0, and 6-0 PVDF and polypropylene sutures demonstrated that although both materials have similar breaking strengths, the PVDF has a higher extension at break, has less delayed extension when under tensile creep testing, and suffers less trauma than the polypropylene when compressed by a standard needle holder. While chemical analyses found evidence of surface oxidation on both types of sutures, thermal analysis confirmed that the level of crystallinity of the PVDF polymer is higher than that of the polypropylene control. During the pilot study in animals, PVDF sutures were found to have good handling and frictional characteristics that facilitated the tying of knots. Histologic analysis of the explants found no inflammatory cells in the tissue surrounding either the PVDF or polypropylene sutures, and scanning electron microscopic examination of the cleaned suture surfaces found no evidence of degradation during 6 months in vivo. Though preliminary in nature, these findings indicate that monofilament sutures made from PVDF provide an attractive alternative to those made from polypropylene for use in cardiovascular surgery. In addition to providing acceptable in vivo behavior and being easy to manipulate and more resistant to iatrogenic injury, PVDF materials can be sterilized by β or γ radiation and so can reduce dependence upon ethylene oxide and chlorofluorohydrocarbons.}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Urban, E. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Laroche, G. and Marois, Y. and Martin, L. and Cardou, A. and Douville, Y.}, year={1994}, pages={145–156} }
 @article{sigot-luizard_sigot_guidoin_king_maltzahn_kowligi_eberhart_1993, title={A novel microporous polyurethane blood conduit: Biocompatibility assessment of the UTA arterial prosthesis by an organo-typic culture technique}, volume={6}, DOI={10.3109/08941939309141616}, abstractNote={An organotypic culture assay has been used to assess the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of an arterial prosthesis developed at the University of Texas-Arlington (the UTA graft) from a structurally modified polyurethane (PU) elastomer (Tecoflex). The cell culture test was applied to the UTA graft after sterilization by ethylene oxide and by gamma radiation in two separate series. First, small specimens of the prosthesis were incubated for 7 days on a semisolid nutrient medium with their luminal surface in direct contact with endothelium explanted from the aorta of chick embryos. Second, the possibility of cytotoxic contaminants being leached from the polyurethane was assessed by immersing the biomaterial in the liquid culture medium for 5 days at 37 degrees C prior to conducting the organo-typic culture assay on a standard control surface. The structure of the UTA polyurethane prosthesis is porous, but the graft wall is impervious because it contains closed (i.e., noncommunicating) pores. In addition, four other vascular prostheses were included in the study for comparison. They were the Hydrophilic Mitrathane PU graft with a similar impervious, closed pore structure, an experimental Hydrophobic Mitrathane PU graft with a fibrous, open pore structure, and the commercial Impra and Reinforced Goretex expanded PTFE grafts. Following 7 days of cell culture, the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the various biomaterials were measured in terms of the area of migrating cells, the density of cells surrounding the explants, and the level of cell adhesion. Comparison of the results against control cultures demonstrated that the UTA graft, along with the other four prostheses, does not release cytotoxic extractables. Microscopic observations of its cultured surface indicated that the UTA graft promotes a high density of cell growth over a limited area, similar to the Hydrophilic Mitrathane graft. This level of biocompatibility is considered inferior to that of the two PTFE and the Hydrophobic Mitrathane prostheses, which promote more extensive cell migration, greater cell adhesion, and cell growth in a continuous single layer.}, journal={Journal of Investigative Surgery}, author={Sigot-Luizard, M. F. and Sigot, M. and Guidoin, R. and KING, Martin W. and Maltzahn, W. Von and Kowligi, R. and Eberhart, R. C.}, year={1993}, pages={251–271} }
 @article{marois_akoum_king_guidoin_maltzahn_kowligi_eberhart_teijeira_verreault_1993, title={A novel microporous polyurethane vascular graft: In vivo evaluation of the UTA prosthesis implanted as an infra-renal aortic substitute in dogs}, volume={6}, DOI={10.3109/08941939309141617}, abstractNote={A novel microporous polyurethane blood conduit developed at the University of Texas at Arlington was implanted as an infra-renal substitute in dogs. The prosthesis was fabricated by precipitating a solution of the polymer with dry nitrogen onto a rotating mandrel. The grafts were sterilized either by gamma radiation (series I) or ethylene oxide (series II); they were implanted for the following prescheduled periods: 4, 24, 48 hours, and 1 week (short-term) and 2, 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months (medium-term). The thrombohematological characteristics of each animal were evaluated prior to implantation and confirmed that the index of blood coagulability was normal. In the short-term group, five out of eight grafts were patent and three were partially occluded; four grafts in the medium-term group were patent; one was partially occluded; and three were thrombosed at retrieval. One week after implantation, the prostheses were surrounded by an external capsule, which was present mainly at the two anastomoses. The external capsule covered the entire graft at 3 months. No kinking of the grafts was observed and the presence of a mild yellow stain related to bilirubin uptake was detected at 2 weeks, 1, 3, and 6 months. Histological studies have revealed the formation of a thin internal capsule at both anastomoses, 2 weeks postimplantation, which was not anchored to the graft wall. In the medium-term group, the thrombosed grafts failed to develop an internal capsule, whereas the patent graft exhibited a thick internal capsule made of neocollagenous tissue over the entire graft. This new microporous polyurethane prosthesis did not perform satisfactorily as an infra-renal substitute in dogs and its in vivo stability requires further assessment. Thus, the concept of a polyurethane with closed pores does not achieve what was anticipated.}, journal={Journal of Investigative Surgery}, author={Marois, Y. and Akoum, A. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Maltzahn, W. Von and Kowligi, R. and Eberhart, R. C. and Teijeira, J. F. and Verreault, J.}, year={1993}, pages={273–288} }
 @article{chakfe_marois_guidoin_deng_marois_roy_king_douville_1993, title={Biocompatibility and biofunctionality of a gelatin impregnated polyester arterial prosthesis}, volume={1}, journal={Polymers and Polymer Composites}, author={Chakfe, N. and Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. and Deng, X. and Marois, M. and Roy, R. and King, M. and Douville, Y.}, year={1993}, pages={229–251} }
 @inproceedings{chen_hawaleshka_king_1993, title={Computer simulation of the thermal performance of protective materials}, booktitle={0Proceedings : 14th Canadian Congress of Applied Mechanics  = Comptes rendus : Le 14e Congre?s Can[a]dien de Me?chanique [sic] Applique?e}, publisher={Kingston, Ont.: Queen's University}, author={Chen, R. and Hawaleshka, O. and King, M.}, editor={P. H. Oosthuizen and Paul, J. T.Editors}, year={1993} }
 @article{king_guidoin_soares_1993, title={Designing fabrics for hernia repair}, volume={110}, number={7}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R. and Soares, B.M.}, year={1993}, pages={18–22} }
 @inproceedings{king_barrette_cardou_urban_guidoin_1993, title={In vitro fatigue testing of polyester arterial prostheses:  What do we learn from 10 million cycles?}, booktitle={Transactions : Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 28-May 2, 1993}, publisher={Minneapolis, MN, USA: The Society}, author={King, M.W. and Barrette, S. and Cardou, A. and Urban, E. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1993} }
 @article{guidoin_rolland_fleury_charara_marceau_bronskill_cardou_king_lessard_1993, title={Physical characterization of unimplanted gel-filled breast implants: Should old standards be revisited?}, volume={14}, DOI={10.1097/00002480-199410000-00008}, abstractNote={&NA; Physical characterization of unimplanted gel filled mammary prostheses was undertaken using both destructive and non‐destructive test methods. Physical properties measured included mass, volume, optical transmittance, coefficient of kinetic friction, mechanical stiffness, dynamic response to a stationary random vibration, bursting strength, elasticity of the envelopes, and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times. The data obtained from this study will provide reference points for quantifying the rate of degradation of prostheses in past and current clinical use. Some of the test methods are suitable for use as routine quality control procedures to improve the uniformity of the properties and performance of breast prostheses. This investigation also showed that some currently used prostheses do not comply with the relevant American Society for Testing and Materials standards, or even with the manufacturers' own stated claims or specifications. ASAIO Journal 1994; 40:943‐958.}, journal={Biomaterials}, author={Guidoin, R. and Rolland, C. and Fleury, D. and Charara, J. and Marceau, D. and Bronskill, M. and Cardou, A. and KING, Martin W. and Lessard, R.}, year={1993}, pages={255–262} }
 @inproceedings{guidoin_king_rolland_1993, title={The silicone breast implant saga:  Is there support for a suspended sentence?}, booktitle={Advance program 1993: American Academy of Forensic Sciences: 45th annual meeting, February 15-20, 1993, Boston}, publisher={Colorado Springs, CO : American Academy of Forensic Sciences}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M.W. and Rolland, C.}, year={1993} }
 @inproceedings{guidoin_rolland_king_1992, title={A non-destructive investigation to identify the failure mechanisms of 313 retrieved mammary prostheses}, volume={15}, booktitle={Transactions : implant retrieval symposium of the Society for Biomaterials, September 17-20, 1992}, publisher={Minneapolis, Minn.: The Society}, author={Guidoin, R. and Rolland, C. and King, M.W.}, year={1992}, pages={48} }
 @article{akoum_marois_king_guidoin_teijeira_verreault_von maltzahn_kowligi_eberhart_1992, title={A vascular graft with impervious wall: An exploratory evaluation in dogs}, volume={4}, journal={Research in Surgery}, author={Akoum, A. and Marois, Y. and King, M. and Guidoin, R. and Teijeira, F.J. and Verreault, J. and Von Maltzahn, W.W. and Kowligi, R. and Eberhart, R.C.}, year={1992}, pages={1–11} }
 @article{guidoin_sigot_king_sigotluizard_1992, title={BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF THE VASCUGRAFT (R) - EVALUATION OF A NOVEL POLYESTER URETHANE VASCULAR SUBSTITUTE BY AN ORGANOTYPIC CULTURE TECHNIQUE}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1878-5905"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(92)90051-O}, abstractNote={To evaluate the biocompatibility of chemically and structurally modified polyurethane elastomers for use as blood vessel replacements, small squares of vascular prostheses were cultured in direct contact with endothelium from chick embryo aorta using an organotypic culture assay. The polyurethane materials tested were: Vascugraft (fibrous, open pore structure); commercial Hydrophilic Mitrathane prosthesis (high porosity, smooth surface, non-permeable, closed pore structure); experimental hydrophobic Mitrathane (less porosity but a fibrous, open pore structure, similar to Vascugraft). The commercial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prostheses Impra and reinforced GORETEX were included as controls on account of their extensive clinical application in the femoropopliteal position. After 5 d incubation at 37 degrees C biocompatibility was assessed in terms of average area of migrating cells on the biomaterial, total number of cells surrounding the explant and level of adhesion between the cells and the biomaterial. The Vascugraft prosthesis promoted the growth of a continuous monolayer of cells on its surface. This behaviour was equivalent to Impra and reinforced GORETEX materials in terms of cell density and area of cell migration but appeared to be superior for cell adhesion. From a second series of cell culture tests, in which the extractables leached from the biomaterials were added to the nutrient medium, it was concluded that none of the biomaterials tested released cytotoxic contaminants.}, number={5}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={GUIDOIN, R and SIGOT, M and KING, M and SIGOTLUIZARD, MF}, year={1992}, pages={281–288} }
 @inbook{guidoin_snyder_awad_king_1992, title={Biostability of vascular prostheses}, ISBN={9781855736832}, DOI={10.1007/978-1-4471-1847-3_4}, booktitle={Medical textiles and biomaterials for healthcare: incorporating proceedings of MEDTEX03 International Conference and Exhibition on Healthcare and Medical Textiles}, publisher={Cambridge: Woodhead}, author={Guidoin, R.G. and Snyder, R.W. and Awad, J.A. and KING, Martin W.}, year={1992} }
 @article{king_menzies_soroka_dirks_chen_sun_1992, title={EVALUATING THE TPP OF CLOTHING EXPOSED TO ELECTRIC-ARCS - A STANDARD LABORATORY TEST APPARATUS}, volume={1133}, ISBN={["0-8031-1430-3"]}, DOI={10.1520/stp19164s}, abstractNote={Persons required to work close to live electrical distribution lines, transformers and switching equipment are exposed to the risk of burn injuries resulting from accidental electric arcs or flashovers. In order to facilitate the process of designing suitable clothing for protection against such brief high energy exposures, it would be desirable to have an apparatus and test method that could simulate this type of exposure in a routine laboratory environment. This paper reports a major step forward in the design of such testing equipment. The Manitoba Electric Arc TPP (MEAT) tester can reproduce a pre-set arc power with an accuracy of ±5% and deliver incident flux densities in the range of 12–84 kW/m2 (0.3–2.0 cal/cm2.s). Through the use of specially designed software the apparatus will automatically calculate and report the protection time and TPP rating of single fabrics, multilayer assemblies and clothing components. The MEAT tester and proposed test method are currently being considered for incorporation into an ASTM standard.}, journal={PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING : FOURTH VOLUME}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA: ASTM}, author={KING, MW and MENZIES, RW and SOROKA, AJ and DIRKS, E and CHEN, RL and SUN, YM}, year={1992}, pages={221–236} }
 @inproceedings{rolland_guidoin_king_therrien_1992, title={Failure mechanisms of silicone mammary prostheses: A study of 269 retrieved devices}, ISBN={9789072101037}, booktitle={4th World biomaterials congress: Summaries and programme}, publisher={Mount Laurel, N.J.: Society for Biomaterials}, author={Rolland, C. and Guidoin, R. and King, M.W. and Therrien, M.}, year={1992}, pages={291} }
 @inproceedings{king_menzies_dirks_chen_guidoin_1992, title={How safe is the clothing worn by electrical workers?  Measuring the thermal protective performance of clothing exposed to electric arcs.}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics, November 2-6, 1992, Maastricht, the Netherlands.}, publisher={Soesterberg, the Netherlands: Organization for Applied Scientific Research}, author={King, M.W. and Menzies, R.W. and Dirks, E. and Chen, R. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1992} }
 @article{durette_marois_guidoin_boisjoly_how_king_1992, title={Should the microwave oven be preferred for polymethylmethacrylate polymerization of ocular prostheses?}, volume={23}, journal={Journal of the American Society of Ocularists}, author={Durette, J.F. and Marois, Y. and Guidoin, R. and Boisjoly, H. and How, T. and King, M.}, year={1992}, pages={42–47} }
 @article{guidoin_therrien_rolland_king_grandmaison_kaliaguine_blais_pakdel_roy_1992, title={THE POLYURETHANE FOAM COVERING THE MEME BREAST PROSTHESIS - A BIOMEDICAL BREAKTHROUGH OR A BIOMATERIAL TAR BABY}, volume={28}, ISSN={["0148-7043"]}, DOI={10.1097/00000637-199204000-00009}, abstractNote={Because controversy continues to surround the implantation of the polyurethane foam-covered Même breast prosthesis, in vitro experiments were conducted to determine: (1) whether the polyurethane foam contains extractable toluene diamine isomers (TDAs), and (2) whether the polyurethane foam releases TDAs on exposure to mild hydrolytic conditions. Results confirmed the presence of extractable TDAs and other impurities in the foam covering the unused Même prosthesis, and that the concentrations of these impurities could be significantly reduced by washing the foam in a regular detergent. This washing step was omitted from the manufacturer's production process. Furthermore, on exposure to mild alkalis, the foam exhibited significant degradation, rapid fragmentation, loss of mechanical strength and physical integrity, as well as the release of additional TDAs. Because of the potential long-term risks associated with the release of TDAs in vivo, continued clinical use of the Même prosthesis containing this particular type of foam appears questionable.}, number={4}, journal={ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY}, author={GUIDOIN, R and THERRIEN, M and ROLLAND, C and KING, M and GRANDMAISON, JL and KALIAGUINE, S and BLAIS, P and PAKDEL, H and ROY, C}, year={1992}, month={Apr}, pages={342–353} }
 @article{koum_marois_roy_king_guidoin_sigot_sigot-luizard_1992, title={The use of myxalin for improving vascular graft healing: Evaluation of biocompatibility in rats}, volume={5}, DOI={10.3109/08941939209012429}, abstractNote={Myxalin is a glycopeptide extracted recently from a gram-negative bacterium. It has blood anticoagulant properties and can enhance endothelial cell growth. With the ultimate objective of using this bioactive molecule to promote vascular graft healing, this study assessed its biocompatibility in vivo by comparing the cellular and immunological responses of gelatin-coated knitted polyester grafts with and without myxalin following implantation in the peritoneal cavity of rats for prescheduled periods of 3 days and 1, 2, and 4 weeks. A nongelatin-coated virgin polyester graft was included as the reference material. The biological response to gelatin alone was characterized by a slower rate of cellular infiltration into the implant, reduced collagen synthesis, and higher levels of acid phosphatase and esterase activity in the surrounding tissue. The addition of myxalin to this coating resulted in a significant reduction of hydrolase secretion in the tissue surrounding the implant and an enhancement of cellular ingrowth.}, journal={Journal of Investigative Surgery}, author={koum, A. and Marois, Y. and Roy, R. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Sigot, M. and Sigot-Luizard, M. F.}, year={1992}, pages={129–141} }
 @article{akoum_guidoin_marois_king_sigot_sigot_1991, title={A new bioactive molecule for improving vascular graft patency: Exploratory trials in vivo}, volume={15}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={Akoum, A. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, Y. and King, M. W. and Sigot, M-F. and Sigot, M.}, year={1991}, pages={229} }
 @article{rao_pan_guidoin_marceau_roy_king_badour_rui_cheng_li_et al._1991, title={A soft filamentous woven polyester arterial prosthesis from China}, volume={12}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(91)90043-a}, abstractNote={Woven polyester arterial prostheses have traditionally been known for their tight construction and smooth surface which has limited their healing capacity and resulted in poor attachment of their internal and external capsules. A new woven prototype has recently been developed in the Peoples' Republic of China. Among its unique features are its high physical porosity, softness and flexibility. This study undertook a series of in vitro tests to characterize its structure and physical properties in comparison with four commercial polyester grafts of North American origin. In addition, an animal trial was completed in which the new prototype was implanted as an infrarenal aortic substitute in 20 dogs for periods ranging from 4 h to 12 month. The in vitro tests confirmed a unique lightweight, highly porous, satin weave construction. Because of its high water permeability, preclotting was necessary before implantation. Once preclotted and installed, no significant blood loss was observed, and 19 of the 20 grafts remained patent at the sacrifice. Rapid full-width healing was achieved with tightly bound capsules, and more extensive tissue ingrowth was observed. Further work is needed to evaluate its long-term durability as an arterial substitute.}, journal={Biomaterials}, author={Rao, T. J. and Pan, C. and Guidoin, R. and Marceau, D. and Roy, P-E. and KING, Martin W. and Badour, B. and Rui, J. and Cheng, H. and Li, C. and et al.}, year={1991}, pages={335–344} }
 @article{woytowich_king_britton_oleszkiewicz_1991, title={ACCELERATED TESTING OF A FILLED POLYESTER E-GLASS COMPOSITE IN ACIDIC ENVIRONMENTS}, volume={18}, ISSN={["0315-1468"]}, DOI={10.1139/l91-097}, abstractNote={ This paper describes the results of an accelerated laboratory investigation to measure the rate of deterioration of a newly developed filled plastic composite exposed to acidic (sewage) environments. The specific objective was to compare the relative rates of deterioration of an experimental filled filament wound (FFW) polyester composite immersed in sulfuric (pH 2.23) and acetic (pH 2.22) acid environments at 45 °C. Deterioration was measured in terms of changes in wet specimen weight, loss in dried (soluble) material weight and mechanical properties, the extent of chemical dissolution, and the depth of penetration. Based on regression analyses of these parameters, it was found that the rate of deterioration was a function of the square root of immersion time. Deterioration of the FFW composite in acetic acid was 1.6–3.9 times greater than in the sulfuric acid environment. The loss in wet flexural properties and the dissolution behavior of aluminum trihydrate were not influenced by the type of acid environment. Based on the findings of this study, sulfuric acid is recommended as a standard laboratory test medium for fiberglass reinforced plastic composites used in construction of sewage facilities and pipelines where deterioration due to sulfur oxidizing bacteria is anticipated. Key words: accelerated, polyester, fillers, filament-wound, environment, acidic, durability, composite, septic tanks. }, number={5}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING}, author={WOYTOWICH, DL and KING, MW and BRITTON, MG and OLESZKIEWICZ, JA}, year={1991}, month={Oct}, pages={799–809} }
 @article{sigot-luizard_guidoin_king_sigot_1991, title={Assessing the effect of structural geometry on the biocompatibility of polyurethane vascular prostheses using an organo-typic culture technique}, volume={15}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={Sigot-Luizard, M-F. and Guidoin, R. and King, M. W. and Sigot, M.}, year={1991}, pages={305} }
 @article{king_1991, title={Designing fabrics for blood vessel replacement}, volume={108}, number={4}, journal={Canadian Apparel}, author={King, M.W.}, year={1991}, pages={24–30} }
 @article{rolland_guidoin_king_therrien_1991, title={Failure mechanisms of silicone mammary prostheses: A study of 269 retrieved devices}, volume={15}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={Rolland, C. and Guidoin, R. and King, M. W. and Therrien, M.}, year={1991}, pages={305} }
 @inproceedings{guidoin_rolland_king_therrien_roy_ledoux_1991, title={Morphological analysis of 269 surgically excised mammary prostheses}, booktitle={Silicone in medical devices: conference proceedings, February 1-2, 1991, Baltimore, Maryland}, publisher={Rockville, Md.: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health}, author={Guidoin, R.G. and Rolland, C. and King, M.W. and Therrien, M. and Roy, P-E. and Ledoux, R.}, year={1991}, pages={211–231} }
 @article{king_therrien_zhang_guidoin_1991, title={The Vascugrafta? polyurethane vascular prosthesis: A novel textile or microporous design?}, volume={15}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={King, M. W. and Therrien, M. and Zhang, Z. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1991}, pages={303} }
 @inbook{guidoin_king_therrien_paynter_simoneau_debille_tremblay_boyer_gill_1991, title={The atrium plasma TFE arterial prosthesis: Physical and chemical characterization}, ISBN={9780877627753}, booktitle={High performance biomaterials: a comprehensive guide to medical and pharmaceutical applications}, publisher={Lancaster: Technomic Pub. Co.,}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Therrien, M. and Paynter, R. and Simoneau, S. and Debille, E. and Tremblay, L. and Boyer, D. and Gill, F.}, year={1991} }
 @article{zhang_king_therrien_guidoin_1991, title={The biostability of the Vascugrafta? polyurethane arterial prosthesis on exposure to enzymes in vitro}, volume={15}, journal={Artificial Organs}, author={Zhang, Z. and King, M. W. and Therrien, M. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1991}, pages={307} }
 @article{oswell_graham_lingnau_king_1991, title={Use of side drains in triaxial testing at moderate to high pressures}, volume={14}, DOI={10.1520/gtj10576j}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Geotechnical Testing Journal}, author={Oswell, J. M. and Graham, J. and Lingnau, B. E. and KING, Martin W.}, year={1991}, pages={315–319} }
 @inbook{guidoin_king_therrien_douville_debille_boyer_simoneau_tremblay_1991, title={Woven velour polyester arterial grafts with polypropylene wrap: a cosmetic change or improved design?}, ISBN={9780877627753}, booktitle={High performance biomaterials: a comprehensive guide to medical and pharmaceutical applications}, publisher={Lancaster: Technomic Pub. Co.,}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Therrien, M. and Douville, Y. and Debille, E. and Boyer, D. and Simoneau, S. and Tremblay, L.}, year={1991} }
 @inproceedings{king_chen_guidoin_courbier_1990, title={The biodegradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) structures implanted in humans}, ISBN={9781851666263}, booktitle={Biodeterioration and biodegradation 8: proceedings of the 8th International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation Symposium, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, 26-31 August 1990}, publisher={New York: Elsevier Applied Science}, author={King, M.W. and Chen, R. and Guidoin, R. and Courbier, R.}, year={1990} }
 @inproceedings{gavor_king_1990, title={The photodegradation of cotton dyeings in the presence of binary mixtures of direct dyes}, ISBN={9781851666263}, booktitle={Biodeterioration and biodegradation 8: proceedings of the 8th International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation Symposium, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, 26-31 August 1990}, publisher={New York: Elsevier Applied Science}, author={Gavor, M.E. and King, M.W.}, year={1990} }
 @inproceedings{rao_pan_guidoin_marceau_roy_king_badour_rui_cheng_li_et al._1989, title={A soft filamentous woven polyester arterial prosthesis from China}, booktitle={Textiles in medicine and surgery (TIMS)}, publisher={[Manchester]: UMIST}, author={Rao, T.J. and Pan, C. and Guidoin, R. and Marceau, D. and Roy, P.E. and King, M. and Badour, B. and Rui, J.S. and Cheng, H.M. and Li, C.L. and et al.}, year={1989} }
 @article{torche_lacombe_king_guidoin_boyer_marceau_marois_debille_1989, title={An arterial prosthesis from Argentina:  The Barone Microvelour arterial graft}, volume={3}, DOI={10.1177/088532828800300302}, abstractNote={ The manufacture of a polyester vascular prosthesis in the southern hemisphere is a new development in the global dissemination of this maturing technology. Hence the recent introduction of the Barone Microvelour® arterial graft from Argentina has highlighted the need for a comparative in vitro and in vivo study to compare its structure and performance with that of existing commercial products. Following a series of laboratory tests and implantations as a thoracoabdominal bypass in dogs, the Barone Microvelour® has been identified as a strong graft constructed after the style of early weft-knitted designs. It provides an equivalent sequence and rate of healing to that of other polyester knitted grafts. }, journal={Journal of Biomaterials Applications}, author={Torche, D. and Lacombe, J. and KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Boyer, D. and Marceau, D. and Marois, Y. and Debille, E.}, year={1989}, pages={427–453} }
 @article{paynter_king_guidoin_rao_1989, title={THE SURFACE-COMPOSITION OF COMMERCIAL POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESES - AN XPS STUDY}, volume={12}, ISSN={["0391-3988"]}, DOI={10.1177/039139888901200310}, abstractNote={ The importance of identifying and quantifying the level of contaminants on the surface of biomaterials has long been recognized as a significant step towards predicting the biocompatibility and rate of healing of implantable devices. Yet suitable techniques for characterizing the surface chemistry of soft and flexible biomaterials with an uneven surface contour such as those used in vascular prostheses have only recently been made available. As a first step towards determining the effect of surface contaminants on the healing behaviour of vascular prostheses, this study used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize the surface chemistry of 14 virgin polyester arterial prostheses from a wide variety of sources. Generally speaking, all surfaces appeared relatively clean. However, the results indicate that certain prostheses were not manufactured with Dacrorf-like fibres, and that some exhibit significantly carbon-rich surfaces. This suggests that the surface of these devices has been modified either by a hydrocarbon lubricant or by vapour phase hydrocarbons during fabrication. }, number={3}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL ORGANS}, author={PAYNTER, RW and KING, MW and GUIDOIN, RG and RAO, T}, year={1989}, month={Mar}, pages={189–194} }
 @inproceedings{king_chen_badour_schroeder_guidoin_1989, title={Techniques for quantifying changes in fibrous PET structures implanted in humans.  Fibres - technological solutions for textile problems}, booktitle={Fibres : technological solutions for textile problems : 1989 Textile Institute Fibre Science Group Conference}, publisher={Manchester, England : Textile Institute}, author={King, M.W. and Chen, R. and Badour, B. and Schroeder, S. and Guidoin, R.}, year={1989} }
 @article{slimane_guidoin_marceau_sigot-luizard_king_1988, title={Characteristics of polyester arterial grafts coated with albumin: The role and importance of the cross-linking chemicals}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1159/000128736}, abstractNote={Preclotting is mandatory prior to implanting a knitted polyester arterial graft, unless the structure is made impermeable to blood by coating with a bioerodible material. Before achieving wide-spread clinical acceptance, the technique of impregnating with cross-linked albumin must be optimized in order to develop a graft that is immediately implantable, easy to handle and suture and has improved healing characteristics. The choice of the chemical to cross-link the albumin is of paramount importance. In this study two alternative candidates have been evaluated by using a series of tests to measure the physical properties, the morphology and the cytocompatibility of albumin-coated grafts. A carbodiimide cross-linking agent appears more promising than glutaraldehyde, since it is equally effective in producing a blood impermeable prosthesis, yet presents improved biocompatibility and provokes a less intense inflammatory response from the host.}, journal={European Surgical Research}, author={Slimane, S. Ben and Guidoin, R. and Marceau, D. and Sigot-Luizard, M.F. and KING, Martin W.}, year={1988}, pages={18–28} }
 @article{formichi_guidoin_jausseran_awad_johnston_king_courbier_marois_rouleau_batt_et al._1988, title={Expanded PTFE prostheses as arterial substitutes in man: Late pathological findings in 73 excised grafts}, volume={2}, DOI={10.1016/s0890-5096(06)60773-5}, abstractNote={Through collaboration of surgeons, pathologists and bioengineers at five centers in Canada and France, this study analyzed the late pathology and structural changes in 73 expanded PTFE arterial prostheses harvested from patients at autopsies and reoperations. The degree of tissue encapsulation increased with the duration of implantation but was reduced by the presence of infection. In several cases, the fibrous tissue penetrated the wall of the prosthesis and partitioned off the thin outer layer, thus disrupting the delicate microporous structure of the wall. The presence of aneurysms was observed in models that had no external reinforcing layer and among grafts that apparently suffered from surgical trauma. Wrinkling of grafts was noted at areas of flexion and was often associated with thickening of the external capsule and reduced luminal diameters. Endothelialization was found within only a few millimeters of the anastomoses. The luminal surfaces were generally not well healed. The PTFE structure was usually readily visible under a thin covering of loosely adhering thrombotic deposits. Bacteria were observed in 46% of the cases, even though only 29% were considered clinically infected. The incidence of lipid or cholesterol deposits was high. Avoiding iatrogenic trauma to the external wall of the prosthesis during implantation is important. Those features where design improvements are required to provide longer term structural integrity and dimensional stability in future models of expanded PTFE prostheses should be identified. Through collaboration of surgeons, pathologists and bioengineers at five centers in Canada and France, this study analyzed the late pathology and structural changes in 73 expanded PTFE arterial prostheses harvested from patients at autopsies and reoperations. The degree of tissue encapsulation increased with the duration of implantation but was reduced by the presence of infection. In several cases, the fibrous tissue penetrated the wall of the prosthesis and partitioned off the thin outer layer, thus disrupting the delicate microporous structure of the wall. The presence of aneurysms was observed in models that had no external reinforcing layer and among grafts that apparently suffered from surgical trauma. Wrinkling of grafts was noted at areas of flexion and was often associated with thickening of the external capsule and reduced luminal diameters. Endothelialization was found within only a few millimeters of the anastomoses. The luminal surfaces were generally not well healed. The PTFE structure was usually readily visible under a thin covering of loosely adhering thrombotic deposits. Bacteria were observed in 46% of the cases, even though only 29% were considered clinically infected. The incidence of lipid or cholesterol deposits was high. Avoiding iatrogenic trauma to the external wall of the prosthesis during implantation is important. Those features where design improvements are required to provide longer term structural integrity and dimensional stability in future models of expanded PTFE prostheses should be identified.}, journal={Annals of Vascular Surgery}, author={Formichi, M.J. and Guidoin, R.G. and Jausseran, J-M. and Awad, J.A. and Johnston, K.W. and KING, Martin W. and Courbier, R. and Marois, M. and Rouleau, C. and Batt, M. and et al.}, year={1988}, pages={14–47} }
 @article{slimane_guidoin_merhi_king_domurado_sigot-luizard_1988, title={In vivo evaluation of polyester arterial grafts coated with albumin: The role and importance of cross-linking agents}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1159/000128743}, abstractNote={Previous in vitro studies have predicted that the type of chemical used to cross-link albumin-coated polyester arterial prostheses may influence the rate of bioerosion of the albumin layer in vivo. This study has confirmed that the healing process of this type of compound prosthesis does indeed depend on the nature and concentration of the cross-linking agent used. Four series of implantations in the thoracic aorta of dogs for scheduled periods for 4 h up to 6 months were conducted using 1.6% glutaraldehyde, 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 0.2 M carbodiimide as the alternative cross-linking agents plus a nonalbuminated preclotted polyester prosthesis which served as the control. The pathology of the explanted grafts revealed that in the short and medium term the rate of healing and the extent of tissue ingrowth was dependent initially on the presence of and later on the rate of bioerosion of the albumin layer. After 3 months in situ, the prostheses coated with albumin cross-linked with 1.6% glutaraldehyde and carbodiimide had healed more rapidly and were invaded by more extensive tissue ingrowth than the one cross-linked with 2.5% glutaraldehyde or the preclotted control. Moreover, the migration of cells over the carbodiimide-treated surface was the most fully developed and most regularly organized of all four series. Immunostaining revealed that the presence of glutaraldehyde induced an inflammatory response which failed to support the growth of normal luminal cells with the endothelial phenotype.}, journal={European Surgical Research}, author={Slimane, S. Ben and Guidoin, R. and Merhi, Y. and KING, Martin W. and Domurado, D. and Sigot-Luizard, M.F.}, year={1988}, pages={66–74} }
 @article{slimane_guidoin_mourad_hebert_sigot-luizard_king_1988, title={Polyester arterial grafts impregnated with cross-linked albumin: The rate of degradation of the coating in vivo}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1159/000128735}, abstractNote={One of the techniques used to avoid preclotting a porous textile arterial prosthesis is to coat the graft with a layer of a bioerodible polymer. The efficacy of this treatment is dependent in part on the rate at which the polymer degrades after implantation. The focus of this study was therefore to investigate the rate of in vivo degradation of albumin-coated polyester (Dacron)-knitted vascular prostheses. Two types of cross-linked albumin were included: one using glutaraldehyde, the other using carbodiimide as the cross-linking agent. Radioactively labeled albumin-coated prostheses were implanted in the thoracic aorta and peritoneal cavity of dogs, and their rates of biodegradation in vivo were monitored over a 4-week period. The rate of biodegradation was found to depend upon the site of implantation. It occurred more rapidly in the peritoneal cavity where less than 20% of the albumin coating remained after 4 weeks in vivo in comparison to the approximately 30% in the thoracic aorta. The nature and intensity of the cellular response appeared to be related to the cytotoxic potential of the cross-linking agent. Glutaraldehyde induced an inflammatory response and a delay in healing, whereas carbodiimide caused only a mild tissue reaction.}, journal={European Surgical Research}, author={Slimane, S. Ben and Guidoin, R. and Mourad, W. and Hebert, J. and Sigot-Luizard, M.F. and KING, Martin W.}, year={1988}, pages={12–17} }
 @inbook{king_li_doupe_mellish_1988, title={Thermal protective performance of single-layer and multiple-layer fabrics exposed to electrical flashovers}, ISBN={9780803111677}, DOI={10.1520/stp26275s}, abstractNote={Utility workers can be exposed to an acute flammability hazard when they are working close to an arcing fault or flashover from electrical equipment or power lines. In the past, it has not been possible to recommend the type of protective clothing that should be worn in these circumstances because no laboratory test method has been available to measure the thermal protective performance (TPP) of fabrics and other laminae against exposure to a high intensity, infrared dominant, radiant energy source similar to that emitted from electrical flashovers. The study describes the use of a recently developed Flash Tester, which, by generating a controlled electrical discharge across welding electrodes, produces radiant flux densities in the 40 to 600 kW/m2 (1 to 15 cals/cm2/s) range. By exposing fabric layers equivalent to various clothing assemblies worn by utility linesmen and a range of 32 flame-retardant (FR) fabrics as single- and multiple-layer specimens, it has been shown that those parts of the body covered by only one fabric layer are exposed to the highest risk of burn injury, whereas for those covered with six or more layers, the risk of burn injury is negligible. The use of single-layer fabrics containing FR fibers or FR finishes provide some additional protection, particularly those with a high mass per unit area (fabric weight), while the use of thicker or lighter colored fabrics does not appear to influence the TPP ratings. More protection is obtained by using two or more fabric layers. However, two layers appear to be effective only when both layers contain fabrics that do not fuse together. Because of strong interactions between fabrics in a multiple-layer assembly, it is not possible to predict the TPP of combined layers worn together from tests of the individual layers.}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing: second symposium}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA: ASTM}, author={KING, Martin W. and Li, X. and Doupe, B.E. and Mellish, J.A.}, editor={S.Z. Mansdorf, R. Sager and Nielsen, A. P.Editors}, year={1988} }
 @article{slimane_guidoin_marceau_king_merhi_rao_martin_lafreniere-gagnon_gosselin_1987, title={Albumin coated polyester arterial prostheses:  Is xenogenic albumin safe?}, volume={15}, DOI={10.3109/10731198709118539}, abstractNote={This paper adds a new dimension to the series of studies concerned with the development of an albumin-coated polyester vascular prosthesis by addressing the question of the origin of the albumin. Previous experiments in dogs have used canine albumin-coated polyester arterial grafts. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of xenogenic material by implanting in dogs prostheses coated with bovine albumin and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Two series of albuminated grafts, one gamma radiation sterilized, the other ethylene oxide sterilized, as well as a preclotted control series were undertaken. The origin of the albumin did not appear to be significant. In fact, the healing pattern of the xenogenic albumin coated grafts was identical to that found previously with isogenic albumin. Nor did the method of sterilization produce significantly different pathological results. However, a slower rate of healing with the coated grafts compared to the preclotted controls did appear to be related to the slow rate of albumin erosion and the potentially cytotoxic effect of the glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent.}, journal={Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Artificial Organs}, author={Slimane, S. Ben and Guidoin, R. and Marceau, D. and KING, Martin W. and Merhi, Y. and Rao, T.J. and Martin, L. and Lafreniere-Gagnon, D. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1987}, pages={453–481} }
 @article{guidoin_king_marois_roy_rolland_marceau_david_descotes_benichoux_age_et al._1987, title={Complications evolutives associees aux protheses arterielles en polyester: Etude de 61 specimens apres exerese chirurgicale}, volume={12}, journal={Duplicate}, author={Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Marois, M. and Roy, P.E. and Rolland, C. and Marceau, D. and David, M. and Descotes, J. and Benichoux, R. and Age, B. and et al.}, year={1987}, pages={303–314} }
 @article{guidoin_marceau_rao_king_merhi_roy_martin_duval_1987, title={INVITRO AND INVIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF AN IMPERVIOUS POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS - THE GELSEAL TRIAXIAL GRAFT}, volume={8}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(87)90079-2}, abstractNote={Over the years, textile polyester arterial prostheses have acquired an excellent reputation for easy handling and good healing characteristics. Until recently, the main drawback in using them was the need for preclotting. This, however, is no longer true. Nonporous polyester grafts which have been coated with an impervious bioerodible layer during manufacture are now commercially available. The Gelseal Triaxial® prosthesis is one of this new generation of grafts. It is manufactured by impregnating a Triaxial® prosthesis with a gelatin coating. An in vivo and in vitro evaluation of this new device has found that its water permeability is almost zero. It has good handling and conformability characteristics, and its bursting strength is slightly greater than that of the uncoated prosthesis due, no doubt, to the presence of the gel. The rates of degradation of the gelatin coating have proven to be rapid under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In fact, only a few traces of the gel were found remaining on the graft after 2 wk in the canine thoracic aorta. In addition, this study has demonstrated that the use of a bioerodible gelatin coating, with its ability to promote cellular regeneration, is a feasible approach with which to achieve earlier and more complete biological healing.}, number={6}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={GUIDOIN, R and MARCEAU, D and RAO, TJ and KING, M and MERHI, Y and ROY, PE and MARTIN, L and DUVAL, M}, year={1987}, month={Nov}, pages={433–441} }
 @article{martz_beaudoin_paynter_king_marceau_guidoin_1987, title={PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A HYDROPHILIC MICROPOROUS POLYURETHANE VASCULAR GRAFT}, volume={21}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820210311}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={MARTZ, H and BEAUDOIN, G and PAYNTER, R and KING, M and MARCEAU, D and GUIDOIN, R}, year={1987}, month={Mar}, pages={399–412} }
 @article{guidoin_king_marceau_cardou_delafaye_legendre_blais_1987, title={TEXTILE ARTERIAL PROSTHESES - IS WATER PERMEABILITY EQUIVALENT TO POROSITY}, volume={21}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820210111}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={GUIDOIN, R and KING, M and MARCEAU, D and CARDOU, A and DELAFAYE, D and LEGENDRE, JM and BLAIS, P}, year={1987}, month={Jan}, pages={65–87} }
 @article{guidoin_downs_barral_marois_roy_king_gosselin_1986, title={Anastomotic false aneurysms with aortic Dacron graft after 25 years}, volume={1}, DOI={10.1016/s0890-5096(06)60136-2}, abstractNote={One of the early diamond crimped knitted polyester (Dacron) grafts was surgically excised after implantation for 25 years in the aorto-biiliac position because of false aneurysm formation at the three anastomotic sites. The sutures were no longer visible. While the areas around the false aneurysm were poorly incorporated, the graft limbs were well encapsulated with some endothelial-like cells on the luminal surface. The integrity of the graft was well preserved despite mild fraying and the disruption of one stitch. One of the early diamond crimped knitted polyester (Dacron) grafts was surgically excised after implantation for 25 years in the aorto-biiliac position because of false aneurysm formation at the three anastomotic sites. The sutures were no longer visible. While the areas around the false aneurysm were poorly incorporated, the graft limbs were well encapsulated with some endothelial-like cells on the luminal surface. The integrity of the graft was well preserved despite mild fraying and the disruption of one stitch.}, journal={Annals of Vascular Surgery}, author={Guidoin, R. and Downs, A. and Barral, X. and Marois, M. and Roy, P.E. and KING, Martin W. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1986}, pages={369–373} }
 @article{guidoin_king_marois_martin_marceau_hood_maini_1986, title={NEW POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESES FROM GREAT-BRITAIN - AN INVITRO AND INVIVO EVALUATION}, volume={14}, ISSN={["0090-6964"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF02367408}, abstractNote={Two models of knitted velour polyester prostheses have been developed in Great Britain, i.e. the VP1200K and the VP50K Triaxial. The evaluation of these new devices in vitro and in vivo in dogs has demonstrated that, while the first model has similar surgical, mechanical and healing characteristics in the short term to other commercial knitted velour prostheses, the second model has lower water permeability and superior strength and dimensional stability. On the basis of these results, clinical investigations can be undertaken.}, number={4}, journal={ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING}, author={GUIDOIN, RG and KING, M and MAROIS, M and MARTIN, L and MARCEAU, D and HOOD, R and MAINI, R}, year={1986}, pages={351–367} }
 @article{legendre_delafaye_guidoin_king_lefevre_gosselin_1986, title={THE INITIAL BLOOD RETENTION PROPERTIES OF ARTERIAL PROSTHESES}, volume={186}, ISSN={["0300-9130"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF01852044}, abstractNote={The initial contact between blood and vascular grafts may be a determinant of the fate of the implants. They behave in different ways depending upon their nature: the processed human umbilical vein and the bovine heterograft just lead to minimal thrombotic retention; the expanded PTFE is even more antithrombogenic; the porous polyesters which are porous textiles, should be totally impregnated with a thrombotic matrix to make the wall impervious. These observations were clearly determined by exposing the grafts to blood, incorporating either labeled platelets or labeled fibrinogen, and they were correlated by SEM examination.}, number={3}, journal={RESEARCH IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE}, author={LEGENDRE, JM and DELAFAYE, D and GUIDOIN, R and KING, M and LEFEVRE, C and GOSSELIN, C}, year={1986}, pages={185–202} }
 @article{tanguy_guidoin_gosselin_king_tremblay_marois_choplin_1986, title={Vers une optimisation des caracteristiques geometriques des carrefours prothetiques.  II - Analyse des protheses aortiques bifurquees}, volume={8}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={Tanguy, P. and Guidoin, R. and Gosselin, C. and King, M. and Tremblay, G. and Marois, M. and Choplin, L.}, year={1986}, pages={28–30} }
 @article{guidoin_snyder_king_martin_botzko_awad_marois_gosselin_1985, title={A COMPOUND ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS - THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STERILIZATION PROCEDURE ON THE HEALING AND STABILITY OF ALBUMINATED POLYESTER GRAFTS}, volume={6}, ISSN={["0142-9612"]}, DOI={10.1016/0142-9612(85)90075-4}, abstractNote={In response to the demand for a vascular prosthesis which achieves reliable haemostasis without preclotting, a new compound albumin/polyester prosthesis has been developed. In order to optimize the sterilization procedures for this device, two series of implantations in the thoracic aorta of dogs were undertaken to compare the effects of ethylene oxide (EtO) and gamma-radiation. Preclotted polyester prostheses were implanted in two additional control series. Pathological analysis of the explanted grafts indicated that gamma-radiation is to be preferred over EtO because it results in faster rates of healing. While the albumin coating delayed the thrombotic response and fibrinolytic activity, the extent of healing of the radiation sterilized graft was equivalent to that achieved by preclotted polyester prostheses in the medium and long term. Measurements of the strength and dimensional changes of the graft demonstrated that, in addition to reducing the risks of acute thrombosis and postoperative haemorrhage, the albumin coating improves the dimensional stability of the knitted structure.}, number={2}, journal={BIOMATERIALS}, author={GUIDOIN, R and SNYDER, R and KING, M and MARTIN, L and BOTZKO, K and AWAD, J and MAROIS, M and GOSSELIN, C}, year={1985}, pages={122–128} }
 @article{marceau_guidoin_blais_king_cardou_gosselin_1985, title={An in vitro fatigue tester for arterial substitutes}, volume={3}, number={1}, journal={Life Support Systems: The Journal of the European Society for Artificial Organs}, author={Marceau, D. and Guidoin, R. and Blais, P. and King, M. and Cardou, A. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1985}, pages={75–79} }
 @inproceedings{menec_forbes_king_1985, title={Coverings for seating materials -  some textile considerations}, booktitle={Adaptive seating: proceedings of an international symposium on adaptive seating September 13th & 14th, 1985, University of Manitoba}, publisher={[Winnipeg, Man.] : University of Manitoba, Division of Physical Therapy and Dept. of Continuing Education}, author={Menec, J.M. and Forbes, M.J. and King, M.W.}, year={1985}, pages={61–65} }
 @article{roy_king_snyder_guidoin_martin_botzko_marois_awad_gosselin_1985, title={Olyester (Dacron) arterial prostheses treated with cross-linked and freeze-dried albumin}, volume={8}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Roy, J. and King, M. and Snyder, R. and Guidoin, R. and Martin, L. and Botzko, K. and Marois, M. and Awad, J. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1985}, pages={166–173} }
 @inproceedings{forbes_king_1985, title={Properties of foams and how they influence cushion selection}, booktitle={Adaptive seating: proceedings of an international symposium on adaptive seating September 13th & 14th, 1985, University of Manitoba}, publisher={[Winnipeg, Man.] : University of Manitoba, Division of Physical Therapy and Dept. of Continuing Education}, author={Forbes, M.J. and King, M.W.}, year={1985}, pages={78–88} }
 @article{guidoin_noel_dube_deestablepuig_marois_king_1985, title={THE FATE OF HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN GRAFTS AS AN INFRARENAL AORTIC SUBSTITUTE IN MONKEYS}, volume={2}, ISSN={["0741-5214"]}, DOI={10.1067/mva.1985.avs0020715}, abstractNote={The literature contains conflicting reports about the potential value of the processed human umbilical vein graft as an arterial substitute. With a view to a better understanding of the ultimate fate of this device, a series of long-term implantation was undertaken with a nonhuman primate model. Dardik Biografts were implanted as an infrarenal aortic substitute in 13 monkeys. Nine were put to death following complications after post-operative periods ranging from 3 months to 3 years, while four animals remain alive. No calcification or lipid infiltration was found, presumably because the animals were healthy. The patency rate was poor because of complications associated with thrombotic deposits and thinning of the graft wall after implantation, which led to stenosis and fibrous hyperplasia along the anastomoses. The external polyester mesh was found to encourage external tissue proliferation, which could not prevent the graft from dilating since it contained neither elastin nor smooth muscle cells. Because the places where the graft had been damaged before or during processing were the sites of thrombotic accumulation and initial collagen degeneration, it is essential to use only defect-free material. As a consequence the long-term durability of this graft continues to be questioned.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY}, author={GUIDOIN, R and NOEL, HP and DUBE, S and DEESTABLEPUIG, RF and MAROIS, M and KING, M}, year={1985}, pages={715–723} }
 @inbook{guidoin_thevenet_king_noel_mary_marois_gosselin_1985, title={The Sparks-Mandril arterial prothesis: An ingenious concept, but a clinical failure: What has been learnt to date?}, ISBN={9780948360008}, booktitle={Recent advances in vascular grafting: proceedings of the international symposium held at the Catholic University in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, 26-28 April 1984}, publisher={Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, England: System 4 Associates}, author={Guidoin, R. and Thevenet, A. and King, M. and Noel, H.P. and Mary, H. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C.}, editor={S.H. Skotnicki, F.G.M. Buskens and Reinaerts, H.H.M.Editors}, year={1985} }
 @inbook{king_guidoin_blais_garton_gunasekera_1985, title={The degradation of polyester arterial prostheses: A physical or chemical mechanism?}, ISBN={9780803104273}, DOI={10.1520/stp33259s}, abstractNote={Despite earlier claims of biological stability, there is growing evidence from case histories, in vitro testing, and implant retrieval programs that poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers experience some degradation when implanted in humans as arterial prostheses.}, booktitle={Corrosion and degradation of implant materials: second symposium: a symposium}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA: ASTM}, author={KING, Martin W. and Guidoin, R. and Blais, P. and Garton, A. and Gunasekera, K.R.}, editor={A. C. Fraker and Griffin, C. D.Editors}, year={1985} }
 @article{guidoin_roy_bonnaud_marois_king_beaudoin_paynter_hebert_gosselin_1985, title={Veines de stripping comme abord vasculaire secondaire pour l'hemodialyse:  Etude pathologique de greffons apres exerese chirurgicale}, volume={10}, journal={Duplicate}, author={Guidoin, R. and Roy, P.E. and Bonnaud, P. and Marois, M. and King, M. and Beaudoin, G. and Paynter, R. and Hebert, J. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1985}, pages={331–342} }
 @article{guidoin_snyder_martin_botzko_marois_awad_king_domurado_bedros_gosselin_et al._1984, title={ALBUMIN COATING OF A KNITTED POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS - AN ALTERNATIVE TO PRECLOTTING}, volume={37}, ISSN={["0003-4975"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0003-4975(10)61131-9}, abstractNote={Coating a knitted polyester arterial prosthesis with cross-linked albumin fills the interstices of the graft and relieves the surgeon of the necessity to preclot . This is of particular value in patients whose blood clotting properties are hypercoagulable, or hypocoagulable . In addition, such prostheses require less handling, which can lower the risk of bacteremic colonization and shorten the operative time. The in vivo behavior of the implanted albuminated prosthesis in the thoracic aorta of dogs is similar to that of preclotted grafts, although the sequences of early healing are different. The preclotted graft develops a continuous, thick thrombotic matrix on its luminal surface during the first 4 hours of implantation. Following the initiation of the fibrinolytic mechanism 24 to 48 hours postoperatively, this thrombotic deposit quickly recedes , leaving blood cells and platelets adhering here and there to the prosthetic surface. In comparison, the albuminated coating is not associated with major early thrombotic deposits. The albumin remains visible between the filaments during the first 2 weeks of implantation. Both treated and control grafts contain numerous thrombi on their inner surface after 1 to 2 weeks. After 1, 3, and 6 months, both implants are well encapsulated and present a glistening and continuous luminal surface. This excellent healing, however, can be compromised should the graft adhere too closely to the animal's lungs.+2}, number={6}, journal={ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY}, author={Guidoin, R. and Snyder, R. and Martin, L. and Botzko, K. and Marois, M. and Awad, J. and KING, Martin W. and Domurado, D. and Bedros, M. and Gosselin, C. and et al.}, year={1984}, pages={457–465} }
 @inbook{guidoin_snyder_king_martin_sigot_marois_botzko_awad_gosselin_1984, title={Albuminated polyester prostheses:  the effect of sterilization procedures on the healing process}, ISBN={9780444423528}, booktitle={Biomaterials and biomechanics 1983: proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Biomaterials, Leuven, Belgium, August 31-September 2, 1983}, publisher={New York: Elsevier}, author={Guidoin, R. and Snyder, R. and King, M. and Martin, L. and Sigot, M.F. and Marois, M. and Botzko, K. and Awad, J. and Gosselin, C.}, editor={P. Ducheyne, G. Van der Perre and Aubert, A. E.Editors}, year={1984} }
 @article{king_guidoin_gunasekera_martin_marois_blais_maarek_gosselin_1984, title={An evaluation of Czechoslovakian polyester arterial prostheses}, volume={7}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R. and Gunasekera, K. and Martin, L. and Marois, M. and Blais, P. and Maarek, J.M. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1984}, pages={114–33} }
 @article{sigotluizard_domurado_sigot_guidoin_gosselin_marois_girard_king_badour_1984, title={CYTOCOMPATIBILITY OF ALBUMINATED POLYESTER FABRICS}, volume={18}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820180805}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={SIGOTLUIZARD, MF and DOMURADO, D and SIGOT, M and GUIDOIN, R and GOSSELIN, C and MAROIS, M and GIRARD, JF and KING, M and BADOUR, B}, year={1984}, pages={895–909} }
 @inproceedings{hoskins_king_1984, title={Computer-aided design of non-planar woven structures:  an approach for generating graphical representations}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Fiber Society / SAMPE Conference on high performance textile structures}, author={Hoskins, J.A. and King, M.W.}, year={1984} }
 @article{marceau_cardou_guidoin_king_gosselin_1984, title={Developpement d'un systeme d'essai pour l'etude du comportement dynamique des protheses arterielles alloplastiques: Le Vivocycleur}, volume={6}, number={1}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={Marceau, D. and Cardou, A. and Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1984}, pages={31–38} }
 @article{batt_king_guidoin_michetti_marois_gosselin_garton_le bas_1984, title={Fatigue mecanique dans une prothese arterielle en polyester:  Etude d'un cas exceptionnel}, volume={13}, journal={La Presse Me?dicale}, author={Batt, M. and King, M. and Guidoin, R. and Michetti, C. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C. and Garton, A. and Le Bas, P.}, year={1984}, pages={1997–2000} }
 @inproceedings{hoskins_king_1984, title={Interactive graphics and the representation of non-cartesian woven textile structures}, booktitle={Proceedings :  Graphics interface '84, 28 May-1 June 1984, Ottawa, Ontario = Comptes rendus : Interface graphique '84, 28 mai-1 juin 1984, Ottawa, Ontario.}, publisher={[Ottawa]:  National Research Council of Canada,}, author={Hoskins, J.A. and King, M.W.}, year={1984}, pages={149–154} }
 @article{guidoin_martin_marois_gosselin_king_gunasekera_domurado_sigotluizard_sigot_blais_1984, title={POLYESTER PROSTHESES AS SUBSTITUTES IN THE THORACIC AORTA OF DOGS .2. EVALUATION OF ALBUMINATED POLYESTER GRAFTS STORED IN ETHANOL}, volume={18}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820180909}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={GUIDOIN, R and MARTIN, L and MAROIS, M and GOSSELIN, C and KING, M and GUNASEKERA, K and DOMURADO, D and SIGOTLUIZARD, MF and SIGOT, M and BLAIS, P}, year={1984}, pages={1059–1072} }
 @inproceedings{marceau_cardou_guidoin_blais_king_gosselin_1984, title={Technologie pour evaluer le comportement dynamique des protheses arterielles}, booktitle={Biomedical engineering : the future of health care : proceedings, 10th Canadian Medical & Biological Engineering Conference, Ottawa, Canada, June 1984 and papers of the 4th Canadian Clinical Engineering Conference, June 1983}, publisher={Gloucester, Ont. : Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society}, author={Marceau, D. and Cardou, A. and Guidoin, R. and Blais, P. and King, M. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1984} }
 @inproceedings{guidoin_thevenet_king_noel_mary_marois_gosselin_1984, title={The Sparks-mandril arterial prosthesis:  An ingenious concept, but a clinical failure.  What has been learnt to date?}, ISBN={9780948360008}, booktitle={Recent advances in vascular grafting : proceedings of the international symposium held at the Catholic University in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, 26-28 April 1984}, publisher={Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, England : System 4 Associates}, author={Guidoin, R. and Thevenet, A. and King, M. and Noel, H.P. and Mary, H. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C.}, editor={S.H. Skotnicki, F.G.M. Buskens and Reinaerts, H.H.M.Editors}, year={1984} }
 @inproceedings{king_guidoin_gunasekera_martin_marois_blais_maarek_gosselin_1984, title={The impact of polyester arterial prostheses of Czechoslovakian origin:  An in vitro and in vivo evaluation}, volume={7}, booktitle={Biomaterials '84 : transactions, Second World Congress on Biomaterials, 10th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, Sixteenth International Biomaterials Symposium}, publisher={[S.l.] : The Society}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.G. and Gunasekera, K.R. and Martin, L. and Marois, M. and Blais, P. and Maarek, J.M. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1984}, pages={92} }
 @article{couture_guidoin_king_marois_1984, title={The use of textile Teflon arterial prostheses:  How successful were they?}, volume={27}, journal={Canadian Journal of Surgery}, author={Couture, J. and Guidoin, R. and King, M. and Marois, M.}, year={1984}, pages={575–782} }
 @article{tanguay_tremblay_guidoin_marois_pare_gosselin_king_choplin_1984, title={Vers une optimisation des caracteristiques geometriques des carresfours prothetiques.  I - Analyse statistique du site aorto-iliaque chez l'humain}, volume={6}, number={2}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={Tanguay, P. and Tremblay, G. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, M. and Pare, G. and Gosselin, C. and King, M. and Choplin, L.}, year={1984}, pages={125–129} }
 @article{guidoin_king_awad_martin_domurado_marois_sigot- luizard_gosselin_gunasekera_gagnon_1983, title={Albumin coated and critical point dried polyester prostheses as substitutes in the thoracic aorta of dogs}, volume={29}, journal={ASAIO Journal}, author={Guidoin, R.G. and King, M.W. and Awad, J. and Martin, L. and Domurado, D. and Marois, M. and Sigot- Luizard, M.F. and Gosselin, C. and Gunasekera, K.R. and Gagnon, D.}, year={1983}, pages={290–295} }
 @inbook{king_menzies_doupe_mathur_gole_1983, title={An evaluation of the protection provided by textile fabrics against high energy electrical flashovers: Design of test apparatus}, DOI={10.1520/stp34185s}, abstractNote={Utility workers can be exposed to an acute flammability hazard when they are working close to an arcing fault or flashover from electrical equipment or power lines. At the present time it is not possible to recommend the type of protective clothing that should be worn in these circumstances, because no standard flammability test method is available to measure the ability of textile fabrics and other laminae to provide heat and flammability protection against large heat fluxes originating from electrical flashovers. The objective of this study has been to develop such a standard laboratory test method. The design of a test facility that generates arcs under controlled conditions is described. The results of preliminary testing are reported. They demonstrate the validity and reliability of the method as well as indicating those variables that need to be controlled when performing the test.}, booktitle={Behavior of polymeric materials in fire: a symposium}, publisher={Philadelphia, Pa.: American Society for Testing and Materials}, author={KING, Martin W. and Menzies, R.W. and Doupe, B.E. and Mathur, R.M. and Gole, A.M.}, year={1983} }
 @article{king_guidoin_gunasekera_gosselin_1983, title={Designing polyester vascular prostheses for the future}, volume={9}, journal={Medical Progress Through Technology}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.G. and Gunasekera, K.R. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1983}, pages={217–226} }
 @inproceedings{hoskins_king_1983, title={Interactive computer graphics and the design of woven textiles}, booktitle={Proceedings :  Graphics interface '83 = Comptes rendus : Interface graphique '83, 9-13 May/mai 1983, Edmonton, Alberta.}, publisher={Ottawa:  National Research Council of Canada,}, author={Hoskins, J.A. and King, M.W.}, year={1983}, pages={119–22} }
 @inproceedings{hoskins_king_1983, title={Interactive design in woven textiles}, booktitle={International Computer Color Graphics Conference}, publisher={Washington:  National Computer Graphics Association}, author={Hoskins, J.A. and King, M.W.}, year={1983} }
 @article{riddell_king_gunasekera_1983, title={PATHOLOGY OF THE SKELETON AND TENDONS OF BROILER-CHICKENS REARED TO ROASTER WEIGHTS .2. NORMAL CHICKENS}, volume={27}, ISSN={["0005-2086"]}, DOI={10.2307/1590199}, abstractNote={Broiler chickens were raised to 74 days of age under different feeding and housing regimens. Conformation, growth plates and tendon strength were studied in clinically normal chickens of various ages. A change with age from slight valgus deviation of the metatarsal bones to varus deviation was recorded. Separation of the proximal femoral epiphysis from the femur on disarticulation of the coxofemoral joint was a common post-mortem artifact. It was more common in chickens on full feed than in chickens fed a restricted amount of feed. Two distinct growth-plate abnormalities were recognized. Dyschondroplasia was most common in the proximal tibiotarsus and was almost completely absent in chickens fed a restricted amount of feed. Eosinophilic streaks were found in growth plates of the proximal femur and the thoracic vertebral bodies. The incidence of these streaks was not affected by feed restriction. It is suggested that these streaks represent microscopic tears in growth plates exposed to shear forces and that they may be similar to osteochondrosis in mammals. The tensile strength of the flexor digitus perforatus and perforans tendon to the third digit increased with age. It was not affected by housing or feeding regimen, but the ratio of tensile strength over body weight was less in chickens fed ad libitum than in those fed a restricted amount of feed.}, number={4}, journal={AVIAN DISEASES}, author={RIDDELL, C and KING, MW and GUNASEKERA, KR}, year={1983}, pages={980–991} }
 @article{guidoin_gosselin_martin_marois_laroche_king_gunasekera_domurado_sigot-luizard_blais_et al._1983, title={POLYESTER PROSTHESES AS SUBSTITUTES IN THE THORACIC AORTA OF DOGS .1. EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL PROSTHESES}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0021-9304"]}, DOI={10.1002/jbm.820170614}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH}, author={Guidoin, R. and Gosselin, C. and Martin, L. and Marois, M. and Laroche, F. and KING, Martin W. and Gunasekera, K. R. and Domurado, D. and Sigot-Luizard, M. F. and Blais, P. and et al.}, year={1983}, pages={1049–1077} }
 @article{gaucher_king_johnston_1983, title={PREDICTING THE DRAPE COEFFICIENT OF KNITTED FABRICS}, volume={53}, ISSN={["0040-5175"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051758305300506}, abstractNote={ Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether certain deformation properties (stiffness, shear, extensibility) and structural characteristics (fabric weight, thickness, and density) serve as reliable predictors of the drape of knitted fabrics. Stiffness, measured in terms of bending length, thickness, and shear, is the factor influencing the drape of knitted fabrics in general. Warp knits and weft knits, however, are dependent on different variables. Stiffness, thickness, and extension are the best predictors for warp knits, whereas stiffness and shear are the best predictors for weft knitted constructions. }, number={5}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={GAUCHER, ML and KING, MW and JOHNSTON, B}, year={1983}, pages={297–303} }
 @article{genest_guidoin_plante_gosselin_blais_robert_laroche_marois_clavel_king_1982, title={Analyse d'implants  testiculaires en silicone apres exerese}, volume={88}, number={6}, journal={Journal d'Urologie}, author={Genest, K. and Guidoin, R. and Plante, R. and Gosselin, C. and Blais, P. and Robert, G. and Laroche, B. and Marois, M. and Clavel, F. and King, M.W.}, year={1982}, pages={337–343} }
 @article{marceau_cardou_guidoin_gosselin_king_1982, title={Etude de la deformation circonferentielle des protheses arterielles en polytetrafluoroethylene}, volume={4}, number={2}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={Marceau, D. and Cardou, A. and Guidoin, R. and Gosselin, C. and King, M.W.}, year={1982}, pages={114–117} }
 @inbook{guidoin_blais_martin_marois_gosselin_noel_king_laroche_1982, title={Healing characteristics of polyethylene terephthalate vascular prostheses in dogs as replacement for the thoracic aorta}, ISBN={9780471101260}, booktitle={Biomaterials 1980: proceedings of the First World Biomaterials Congress held in Baden, Vienna, Austria, in April 1980, in conjunction with the 12th International Biomaterials Symposium, and the 6th annual meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, USA}, publisher={New York: Wiley}, author={Guidoin, R. and Blais, P. and Martin, L. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C. and Noel, H.P. and King, M.W. and Laroche, F.}, editor={G. D. Winter, D. F. Gibbons and Plenk, H., Jr.Editors}, year={1982} }
 @article{guidoin_king_gosselin_blais_gunasekera_marois_cardou_1982, title={Les protheses arterielles en polyester}, volume={4}, number={1}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={Guidoin, R.G. and King, M.W. and Gosselin, C. and Blais, P. and Gunasekera, K.R. and Marois, M. and Cardou, A.}, year={1982}, pages={13–25} }
 @article{guidoin_benichoux_blais_marois_king_gosselin_1982, title={New alternatives in the preparation of chemically fixed human umbilical veins as arterial substitutes}, volume={10}, DOI={10.3109/10731198209118779}, abstractNote={Following reports of the successful use of chemically processed human umbilical veins as medium and small diameter arterial substitutes, the development of new and improved techniques for the preparation, fixation and storage of these bioprostheses has been attempted. A series of physical and "in vitro" tests was undertaken to predict the "in vivo" performance of these devices. The results indicate that the new techniques are not only technically feasible but may provide a more convenient, versatile and effective surgical product.}, journal={Biomaterials, Medical Devices, and Artificial Organs}, author={Guidoin, R. and Benichoux, R. and Blais, P. and Marois, M. and KING, Martin W. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1982}, pages={173–185} }
 @article{king_guidoin_gosselin_godard_marois_gunasekera_blais_garton_1982, title={Protocole d'etude d'une greffe arterielle en polyester apres exerese:  Les standards sont-ils utiles ou desagreables?}, volume={4}, number={1}, journal={European Revue of Biomedical Technology}, author={King, M.W. and Guidoin, R.G. and Gosselin, C. and Godard, F. and Marois, M. and Gunasekera, K.R. and Blais, P. and Garton, A.}, year={1982}, pages={26–33} }
 @inbook{guidoin_king._blais_marois_gosselin_roy_courbier_david_noel_1981, title={A biological and structural evaluation of retrieved Dacrona? arterial prostheses}, booktitle={Implant retrieval: material and biological analysis: proceedings of a conference held at the National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20234, May 1-3, 1980}, publisher={Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards}, author={Guidoin, R. and King., M.W. and Blais, P. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C. and Roy, R. and Courbier, R. and David, M. and Noel, H.P.}, year={1981} }
 @article{tanguy_tremblay_guidoin_bernier_pare_king_gosselin_1981, title={A comparative study of the geometry of the aorto-iliac bifurcation}, volume={8}, journal={Proceedings European Society for Artificial Organs (ESAO)}, author={Tanguy, P. and Tremblay, G. and Guidoin, R. and Bernier, J. and Pare, G. and King, M.W. and Gosselin, C.}, year={1981}, pages={226–230} }
 @article{godard_king_guidoin_marois_garton_blais_gosselin_gunasekera_1981, title={Formation anevrismale sur la prothese arterielle: Analyse pathologique, structurale et chimique d'une greffe en Dacrona? apres 84 mois d'implantation}, volume={6}, journal={Duplicate}, author={Godard, F. and King, M.W. and Guidoin, R. and Marois, M. and Garton, A. and Blais, P. and Gosselin, C. and Gunasekera, K.}, year={1981}, pages={161–165} }
 @inbook{king_blais_guidoin_prowse_marois_gosselin_noel_1981, title={Polyethylene terephthalate (Dacrona?) vascular prostheses: Material and fabric construction aspects}, ISBN={9780849366253}, booktitle={Biocompatibility of clinical implant materials}, publisher={Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press}, author={King, M.W. and Blais, P. and Guidoin, R. and Prowse, E. and Marois, M. and Gosselin, C. and Noel, H.P.}, year={1981} }
 @article{guidoin_noel_marois_martin_laroche_beland_cote_gosselin_descotes_chignier_et al._1980, title={ANOTHER LOOK AT THE SPARKS-MANDRIL ARTERIAL GRAFT PRECURSOR FOR VASCULAR REPAIR - PATHOLOGY BY SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY}, volume={8}, ISSN={["0090-5488"]}, DOI={10.3109/10731198009118977}, abstractNote={The Sparks-Mandril blood vessel precursor system, an autogenous tissue growth-promoting device, in spite of its ingenuity and its surgical elegance, has received only limited usage. At technique for peripheral blood vessels by several authors. In the latter period, this laboratory also undertook similar work. The results of seven implantations in dogs and two in patients are reported here in the context of a program on the evaluation of blood vessel substitutes, their mode of operation and their long term performance. The clinical status and the pathology of the grafts at time of failure were investigated using techniques of scanning electron microscopy. This work confirms the findings of other centres regarding the generally unsatisfactory performance of the Sparks-Mandril system. Possible causes for failure in mandril-formed blood vessels are discussed.}, number={2}, journal={BIOMATERIALS MEDICAL DEVICES AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS}, author={GUIDOIN, R and NOEL, HP and MAROIS, M and MARTIN, L and LAROCHE, F and BELAND, L and COTE, R and GOSSELIN, C and DESCOTES, J and CHIGNIER, E and et al.}, year={1980}, pages={145–167} }
 @article{guidoin_doyon_marois_roy_blais_martin_gosselin_king_noel_1980, title={An SEM investigation of the trauma to prostheses and arteries during vascular reconstruction procedures}, volume={8}, number={3}, journal={Artery (Leonidas, Mich.)}, author={Guidoin, R. and Doyon, B. and Marois, M. and Roy, J. and Blais, P. and Martin, L. and Gosselin, C. and King, M.W. and Noel, H.P.}, year={1980}, pages={244–52} }
 @inbook{berry_king_vaisey-genser_watts_1977, title={Information for consumers}, booktitle={Principles and practices of commercial farming (5th ed.)}, publisher={Winnipeg: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Manitoba}, author={Berry, R. and King, M.W. and Vaisey-Genser, M. and Watts, B.}, year={1977} }
 @inbook{berry_king_vaisey_watts_1974, title={Consumer reference section}, booktitle={Principles and practices of commercial farming (4th ed.)}, publisher={[Winnipeg]: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Manitoba}, author={Berry, R. and King, M.W. and Vaisey, M. and Watts, B.}, year={1974}, pages={676–739} }