@article{yao_walker_gamcsik_2023, title={Assessing MTT and sulforhodamine B cell proliferation assays under multiple oxygen environments}, ISSN={["1573-0778"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10616-023-00584-0}, journal={CYTOTECHNOLOGY}, author={Yao, Ming and Walker, Glenn and Gamcsik, Michael P.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{yao_rabbani_sattler_nguyen_zaharoff_walker_gamcsik_2019, title={Flow-Encoded Oxygen Control to Track the Time-Dependence of Molecular Changes Induced by Static or Cycling Hypoxia}, volume={91}, ISSN={["1520-6882"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03709}, abstractNote={Detecting the effects of low oxygen on cell function is often dependent on monitoring the expression of a number of hypoxia markers. The time dependence of the appearance and stability of these markers varies between cell lines. Assessing cellular marker dynamics is also critical to determining how quickly cells respond to transient changes in oxygen levels that occurs with cycling hypoxia. We fabricated a manifold designed to use flow-encoding to produce sequential changes in gas mixtures delivered to a permeable-bottom 96-well plate. We show how this manifold and plate design can be used to expose cells to either static or cycling hypoxic conditions for eight different time periods thereby facilitating the study of the time-response of cells to altered oxygen environments. Using this device, we monitored the time-dependence of molecular changes in human PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma and Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cells exposed to increasing periods of static or cycling hypoxia. Using immunohistochemistry, both cell lines show detectable levels of the marker protein hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) after 3 h of exposure to static hypoxia. Cycling hypoxia increased the expression level of HIF-1α compared to static hypoxia. Both static and cycling hypoxia also increased glucose uptake and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. This new device offers a facile screening approach to determine the kinetics of cellular alterations under varying oxygen conditions.}, number={23}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Yao, Ming and Rabbani, Zahid N. and Sattler, Tyler and Nguyen, Khue G. and Zaharoff, David A. and Walker, Glenn and Gamcsik, Michael P.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={15032–15039} }
 @article{yao_sattler_rabbani_pulliam_walker_gamcsik_2018, title={Mixing and delivery of multiple controlled oxygen environments to a single multiwell culture plate}, volume={315}, ISSN={["1522-1563"]}, DOI={10.1152/ajpcell.00276.2018}, abstractNote={Precise oxygen control is critical to evaluating cell growth, molecular content, and stress response in cultured cells. We have designed, fabricated, and characterized a 96-well plate-based device that is capable of delivering eight static or dynamically changing oxygen environments to different rows on a single plate. The device incorporates a gas-mixing tree that combines two input gases to generate the eight gas mixtures that supply each row of the plate with a different gas atmosphere via a removable manifold. Using air and nitrogen as feed gases, a single 96-well plate can culture cells in applied gas atmospheres with Po2 levels ranging from 1 to 135 mmHg. Human cancer cell lines MCF-7, PANC-1, and Caco-2 were grown on a single plate under this range of oxygen levels. Only cells grown in wells exposed to Po2 ≤37 mmHg express the endogenous hypoxia markers hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and carbonic anhydrase IX. This design is amenable to multiwell plate-based molecular assays or drug dose-response studies in static or cycling hypoxia conditions.}, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Yao, Ming and Sattler, Tyler and Rabbani, Zahid N. and Pulliam, Thomas and Walker, Glenn and Gamcsik, Michael P.}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={C766–C775} }