@article{mowatt_dunlap_harmon_2024, title={Parting Thoughts XXVI: Leisure, Loss, and Death}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1521-0588"]}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2024.2322403}, journal={LEISURE SCIENCES}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A. and Dunlap, Rudy and Harmon, Justin}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{dunlap_mowatt_harmon_2024, title={Parting Thoughts XXVIII: Leisure and the Anthropocene}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1521-0588"]}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2024.2397612}, journal={LEISURE SCIENCES}, author={Dunlap, Rudy and Mowatt, Rasul A. and Harmon, Justin}, year={2024}, month={Aug} }
 @book{lawrence_hill_mowatt_2024, title={Routledge Handbook of Sport, Leisure, and Social Justice}, url={https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003389682}, DOI={10.4324/9781003389682}, author={Lawrence, Stefan and Hill, Joanne and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @inbook{lawrence_hill_mowatt_2024, title={Sport, leisure, and social justice at the neoliberal moment}, url={https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003389682-2}, DOI={10.4324/9781003389682-2}, author={Lawrence, Stefan and Hill, Joanne and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @article{mowatt_2023, title={A People’s Future of Leisure Studies: Fear City, Cop City and Others Tales, a Call for Police Research}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2023.2183288}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2023.2183288}, abstractNote={It has been noted that crime and enforcement are likely a defining part of an evolving leisure experience. The aims of this manuscript were to call for research to focus on this phenomenon of the shooting and killing of people, particularly Black citizenry, by law enforcement. State sanctioned violence has been consistently wrought in leisure spaces and settings since those 2014–2015 deaths that were noted previously in a Leisure Sciences article, "The Case of the 12-year-old Boy: Or, the Silence of and Relevance to Leisure Research." An understanding of policing, not police officers, as tool for surveillance and control along with an understanding of society, not on individualized or small group social behavior are the needs in the research of a legitimate lethal and trauma-inducing phenomenon that occurs within the space, time, and activities of leisure, sport, and tourism.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{mowatt_2023, title={Fear City, Cop City and Others Tales, a Call for Police Research}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1521-0588"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2023.2270981}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2023.2270981}, abstractNote={AbstractIt has been noted that crime and enforcement are likely a defining part of an evolving leisure experience. The aims of this manuscript were to call for research to focus on this phenomenon of the shooting and killing of people, particularly Black citizenry, by law enforcement. State sanctioned violence has been consistently wrought in leisure spaces and settings since those 2014–2015 deaths that were noted previously in the Leisure Sciences article, “The Case of the 12-year-old Boy: Or, the Silence of and Relevance to Leisure Research”. An understanding of policing, not police officers, and an understanding of society, not social behavior are the needs in the research of a legitimate phenomenon that occurs within the space, time, and activities of leisure, sport, and tourism.Keywords: Abolitioncommunity controldefundpolicepolicingstate-sanctioned violenceView correction statement:Correction Ethics statementThis manuscript is a presentation of a comprehensive theories and thus falls outside of the parameters of a research study and study involving humans. This manuscript is exempt from IRB.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Correction StatementThis article was originally published with errors, which have now been corrected in the online version. Please see Correction (http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2023.2281903).}, journal={LEISURE SCIENCES}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{mowatt_dunlap_harmon_2023, title={Parting Thoughts XVII}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1521-0588"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2023.2195981}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2023.2195981}, journal={LEISURE SCIENCES}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A. A. and Dunlap, Rudy and Harmon, Justin}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{means_mowatt_2024, title={Philosophy of science and leisure research: an exploratory analysis of research paradigms}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2023.2187865}, DOI={10.1080/14927713.2023.2187865}, abstractNote={The purpose of this exploratory analysis was to examine paradigmatic trends within leisure research. Thomas Kuhn’s philosophy of science suggested that a field is the operational paradigm composed of a set of assumptions that include theories, methodology and instruments that guide inquiry. In contemporary leisure research, the scholarship being produced can be categorized into four research paradigms: (post)positivist, interpretive, critical and post×. The sample for this exploratory study included two timeframes (1991–1993 and 2014–2016) resulting in a total sample of N = 495 articles. Results confirmed evidence of a dominant (post)positivism in leisure research in the first sample and a trend toward paradigmatic pluralism in the second. Findings suggest that the philosophy of Larry Laudan’s ‘research traditions’ may be a more accurate model, compared to Kuhnian philosophy, for discourse within the leisure field. Additionally, results indicate a lack of paradigmatic and ontological and epistemological reflexivity among authors in leisure research.}, journal={Leisure/Loisir}, author={Means, W. Thomas and Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @inbook{mowatt_2022, title={A People's History of Leisure Studies: Where the White Nationalists Are}, url={https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003328704-2}, DOI={10.4324/9781003328704-2}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{mowatt_2022, title={A people's history of leisure studies: Colonial pedagogies, touring empires}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1873-7722"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.annals.2022.103462}, abstractNote={The colonial history and realities have not only impacted the peoples of the world, but also the very geography in which we inhabit. The imprint of the British Empire is one that has had the most lasting imprint of all other Empires. This is where cultural artifacts and historical objects play a role. As a cultural studies situated essay, this discussion considers the function of An ABC for Baby Patriots and the activities of Thomas Cook & Son agency in their role of aiding and perpetuating imperialism. In our contemporary period of accurate and inaccurate calls for decolonization, objects of colonialism have become important objects of evidence to the ubiquity of brutality of the entire endeavor of colonialism.}, journal={ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{mowatt_2022, title={Making Monsters}, url={https://doi.org/10.14434/josotl.v21i4.32691}, DOI={10.14434/josotl.v21i4.32691}, abstractNote={Instructors have critically sought ways to embody the theories and ideals espoused in radical texts and work to better force changes in the type of students we produce. What is presented here is an honest reflective dialogue, based on a reflexive critique of 17 years as a professor and the students I have encountered. But more importantly, this is also based on an equal set of years studying the aftereffects of White supremacy, the “candy wrapper” left on the ground at a campsite that informs someone was present, insinuates what may have been done, and eludes a sense of disregard while foreclosing any understanding of what it will go on to do next. Those candy wrappers are the “mild” subjects of the legacy of lynching, colonialism, and state-sanctioned violence. So, in the context of being a faculty member engaged with students, I pose a question to you, for us, from me: What if instead of “transgressing” White supremacy, we are in fact maintaining it? Many of us in higher education have come to an understanding that diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is insufficient for college teaching and student learning to positively move forward through the 21st century. If we are to understand White supremacy not as a societal add-on that has corrupted the world around us but instead as the actual world around us, how do we properly contextualize this in a course or class? How do we foster experiences that deepen an understanding of a systemic reality? This essay challenges reductionist understandings of White supremacy as a matter of privilege that are reflected in DEI, culturally responsive teaching, dismantling, antiracist, invisible-knapsack-based approaches. Could it be that through this reduction we are instead producing “monsters”? }, journal={Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{anderson_knee_mowatt_2021, title={Leisure and the “White-Savior Industrial Complex”}, volume={52}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1853490}, DOI={10.1080/00222216.2020.1853490}, abstractNote={Abstract Representation of, and service to, “underrepresented” and “disadvantaged” groups often denote goals sought by leisure researchers and practitioners. The motivations behind these goals are varied, often harkening themes of social justice and equity. As a potential counternarrative to these motivations, the writer Teju Cole, posited the “White-Savior Industrial Complex.” While originally positioned in the context of Western humanitarian aid, Cole’s thesis that White, hegemonic groups seek to do good while also satisfying their own emotional needs can also apply to leisure research and practice. Through parallel analyses employing Cole’s framework, we identify the enactment of White Saviorism in three exemplative leisure practices: (1) international volunteer tourism, (2) diversification efforts in outdoor recreation, and (3) youth development programming in urban communities. Ultimately, our aim is to encourage leisure researchers and practitioners to engage in a critical reflection in how the field pursues equity and social justice work, and to assess conscious and unconscious biases that influence questions asked and services provided.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Leisure Research}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Anderson, Kristina R. and Knee, Eric and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={531–550} }
 @article{anderson_knee_mowatt_2021, title={Reflections on altruism, action, and “moral imagination” in the context of the White Savior}, volume={52}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1854559}, DOI={10.1080/00222216.2020.1854559}, abstractNote={Caring, we suppose, is nice. Pledging to do better is quaint. Performing acts of care is kind. But changing the ways in which the world functions is a (in)surmountable task that must be undertaken. It begins with recognising and “outing” injustices, and the moral imagination of changing the ways that the world is reflected in our functioning, as a field and as individuals. (TALS/ALSA/AEME/ANZALS/CALS/LARASA/LSA/WLO, 2020)}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Leisure Research}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Anderson, Kristina R. and Knee, Eric and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={561–563} }
 @article{mowatt_2021, title={SI21 Making Monsters}, volume={21}, url={https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/josotl/article/view/32691}, number={4}, journal={Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @article{mowatt_2021, title={A People’s Future of Leisure Studies: Leisure with the Enemy Under COVID-19}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1773981}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2020.1773981}, abstractNote={Abstract To those of us who have been consistently critical of leisure, we have mapped our critique of leisure onto discussions of leisure as a concept, as a tool, or as a social construct in society that has had serious implications on the gendered, the racialized, and the classed as disposable. Leisure is a life-politic that hides: dominant lifestyles, harmful environmental engagement, and political regimes. But in the midst of pandemic, there are two enemies, at the mirco- and macro-level to the life of a person via leisure that are becoming exposed at this time: 1) Person to Person; and, 2) The State to Person. With the coronavirus pandemic, it reveals a need to depart from a happiness and titillation orientation of leisure, and more a collective life-giving requisite in our research, instruction, and advocacy. For with COVID-19, leisure (as it is predominantly conceived) is the enemy.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @article{fernandez_lee_larson_johnson_mowatt_bush_robinett_sharaievska_stewart_2020, title={Deepening Diversity: A Collection of Teaching Perspectives and Strategies from Social Justice Advocates}, volume={37}, ISSN={1937-156X 2162-4097}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1937156X.2020.1763875}, DOI={10.1080/1937156X.2020.1763875}, abstractNote={Abstract Contemporary population trends impact leisure experiences and service delivery, requiring recreation and leisure departments to prepare students to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse clientele. However, with little formal training on how to teach content concerning diverse populations, this can be a daunting task. The panel session Preparing Students to Serve Diverse Populations was featured at the 2018 The Academy of Leisure Sciences (TALS) Research and Teaching Institute to help instructors navigate the challenges that arise when teaching diversity-related content to undergraduate and graduate students. This paper focuses on the lessons and recommendations that emerged from that panel of social justice scholars. Using the teaching to transgress philosophy and the Teaching Tolerance Anti-bias Framework, we highlight personal philosophies, pedagogical experiences, and specific activities that may help other instructors teach beyond diversity to facilitate students’ connections with broader issues of social justice.}, number={1-2}, journal={SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Fernandez, Mariela and Lee, KangJae Jerry and Larson, Lincoln and Johnson, Corey W. and Mowatt, Rasul and Bush, Kimberly and Robinett, Jeremy and Sharaievska, Iryna and Stewart, William}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={26–43} }
 @article{fernandez_mowatt_shinew_stodolska_stewart_2021, title={Going the Extra Mile: Building Trust and Collaborative Relationships with Study Participants}, volume={12}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1830901}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2020.1830901}, abstractNote={Abstract Research methods to access and engage historically oppressed communities have evolved dramatically. Leisure researchers once aspired to be objective and to remain detached from their participants, but developments in grounded and participatory epistemologies have enabled the development of various kinds of relationships between researchers and study participants. The purposes of this paper were (1) to characterize strategies to build trust and collaborative relationships with historically oppressed populations, and (2) to identify ethical tensions that arise. The paper features vignettes from the coauthors that center on the ways in which historically oppressed communities and researchers have built collaborative relationships that involve a degree of trust while navigating power differentials. The vignettes revealed several themes for effective partnerships and a messy bundle of ethical tensions related to researcher integrity. Ultimately, decisions in research need to be made in a deliberate and transparent manner as the consequences affect everyone involved in the research.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Fernandez, Mariela and Mowatt, Rasul A. and Shinew, Kimberly J. and Stodolska, Monika and Stewart, William}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={1–18} }
 @article{stone_harris_duffy_terry_layland_schmalz_kivel_kelly-pryor_mowatt_2021, title={Implicit Attitudes and the Challenge of Becoming a Reflexive Leisure Scholar}, volume={10}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1830899}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2020.1830899}, abstractNote={Abstract This paper highlights the potential roles of implicit bias and implicit association testing (IAT) in the practice of reflexivity. In the paper, eight leisure scholars reflected on their explicit and implicit prejudice and privilege and its influence on their efforts to conduct critical leisure research. Data were collected from these scholars in three stages. First, participant-researchers engaged in a ‘conscious,’ written, personal reflexive exercise considering their biases and how these biases influenced their research. Second, participants completed four IATs – a parallel ‘unconscious’ reflexive exercise. Third, participants individually and collectively reflected on results of the IATs in relation to their conscious responses. The authors report results from thematic analyses of these reflections; consider practical opportunities, challenges, and cautions associated with using implicit measures to denote one’s positionality; and initiate a theory driven discussion of broader uses of implicit measures in critical leisure research.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Stone, Garrett A. and Harris, Brandon and Duffy, Lauren N. and Terry, Billy and Layland, Eric and Schmalz, Dorothy L. and Kivel, Dana and Kelly-Pryor, Brandy and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={1–17} }
 @article{mowatt_2022, title={Revised notes from a leisure son: expanding an understanding of White supremacy in leisure}, volume={25}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2020.1768876}, DOI={10.1080/11745398.2020.1768876}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Within leisure studies, to properly explore and understand ‘Whiteness’ as a cultural process that impacts lived realities it is important to create distance from the oft-used term, White privilege, and begin to grapple with the magnitude of White Supremacy as the fundamental basis for the creation ‘Whiteness’. This critical commentary as a revision to (Mowatt’s [2009]. “Notes From a Leisure son: Expanding an Understanding of Whiteness in Leisure.” Journal of Leisure Research 41 (4): 509–526) ‘Notes of a Leisure Son’ in the Journal of Leisure Research, seeks to hone and advance ‘Whiteness’ studies within leisure studies, and to identify ways that an emancipated field of leisure studies could engage in critical theory and action. It is thought that such a coupling could off-set the impact that ‘Whiteness’ (as an outgrowth of White Supremacy rather than White privilege) has had on the lived realities of populations of colour and racially classified Whites who seek to abandon ‘Whiteness’ as an identity of dominance.}, number={2}, journal={Annals of Leisure Research}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={291–298} }
 @article{mowatt_2021, title={The devil finds leisure}, volume={9}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2020.1820879}, DOI={10.1080/11745398.2020.1820879}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT In 1976, James Baldwin’s The Devil Finds Work is published, a scathingly telling piece of cinematic critique at the height of exploitation and the ongoing efforts of the Black Liberation Movement (BLM). Prior to that in 1963, Baldwin had published The Fire Next Time, a poignant letter to a nephew on the state of America in the midst of eventual civil unrest. What is presented is a fictionalized letter to a family member that takes the reader through a day-in-the-life of a racialised self within a society that does the work of racialising through forms of leisure entertainment, all in the midst of a pandemic and global civil unrest. Within that day, Baldwin’s work serves as the inspiration for this recollection and criticism, as very little has been discussed about fiction as entertainment for consumption and the implications of this consumption. Here, the devil finds leisure as much as work.}, journal={Annals of Leisure Research}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={1–17} }
 @article{mowatt_2021, title={A People’s History of Leisure Studies: Where the White Nationalists Are}, volume={40}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2019.1624809}, DOI={10.1080/02614367.2019.1624809}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT What we are witnessing in these contemporary times isn’t just the interplay of a racialised-populist sentiment in the political sphere through the amassing of political influence (political parties, campaigns, and policies). What we are also witnessing is the increasing performance of racialised-populist political sentiments in the very physical, and public spaces of society. The aim of this manuscript is to discuss this performance within the United States at four historical junctures of animation of leisure space and White Nationalist activity in public and private-public spaces: 1) 1925 Ku Klux Klan March; 2) the 1939 German-American Bund Rally; 3) the 1977 National Socialist Party of America Rally; and, 4) the 2017 Unite the Right Rally. There is a complexity to the contestation of meanings and values ascribed to spaces. The political act of protesting is highlighted in its violation of the sanctum of these public and private-public spaces within the theoretical lenses of the White Genocide Conspiracy Theory or the Great Replacement Theory. Each highlights the impact of this growing White populism, and serves as a cautionary tale for appeals of counter activities and expressions of resistance with the animation, through protest and dissent, of public and private-public spaces.}, number={1}, journal={Leisure Studies}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={13–30} }
 @article{mowatt_2019, title={Twelve Years a Servant: Race and the Student Evaluation of Teaching}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/1937156X.2019.1622949}, DOI={10.1080/1937156X.2019.1622949}, abstractNote={Abstract The end of year student course evaluations (SETs), the dreaded final act of a semester of teaching and learning that serves the “supposed” purpose of evaluating a course and its instructor. Various studies have already shown how SETs are ineffective in serving such a purpose, yet SETs are still used for major decisions such as tenure and promotion, and annual merit pay increases. Further, the fact that SETs are rife with racial, gender, and ethnic bias towards instructors is equally troubling. The aim of this reflexive essay is to highlight a form of racialized intellectual violence that is heaped upon faculty of color based on a content analysis of the author’s negative and potentially racially motivated SETs over the span of a 12-year career. The outcomes of such a reflexive essay is to bring awareness and highlight the professional and psychological impacts that make teaching in/and of color in academia a precarious endeavor, as well as problematizing SETs use as a true evaluation of teaching effectiveness.}, journal={SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A.}, year={2019}, month={Jul} }
 @article{a people’s history of leisure studies: leisure, the tool of racecraft_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1534622}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2018.1534622}, abstractNote={Abstract The pernicious existence of race serves as the underlying force in modern societies. As such, the aim of this discussion is to postulate that leisure is a tool of racecraft: 1) the articulation of power, 2) the erection of places of demarcation, and 3) reification of the racial order. What is presented here is in one part a re-examination of seminal texts on Race in leisure studies and another part a case study of the 1919 Chicago race riots and the Biloxi wade-ins from 1959 to 1963. Both of these historical cases illustrate the simple act of recreational swimming in legally or socially segregated waters and pools outraged the White social order in the United States. This history is mirrored in the present day, not as another isolated horrible aside that arises from time-to-time in leisure but rather as the seemingly perpetual role of leisure to maintain the proper racial order, racecraft.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, year={2018}, month={Dec} }
 @article{duffy_pinckney_benjamin_mowatt_2019, title={A critical discourse analysis of racial violence in South Carolina, U.S.A.: implications for traveling while Black}, volume={7}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1494143}, DOI={10.1080/13683500.2018.1494143}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to present a rich, detailed case that illustrates the way in which the discourse of racial violence has been constructed in the United States (U.S.), and how that has impacted Black travel. Using South Carolina, a state centrally-located along the East coast with historic, political, and social ties to the U.S. South as the context for this analysis, this paper employs a critical discourse analysis to examine the intersection of racial violence and tourism, situating cases of violence – historic to the modern. This study makes a case for more focused attention on the intersection of tourism and violence within the literature, as well as a call to the tourism industry to be proactive to discourses of violence, demonstrate a desire for diversity in their visitors, consider the critical issues of racial representation in their tourism products, and be aware of the emerging organizations supporting and facilitating Black travel.}, journal={Current Issues in Tourism}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Duffy, Lauren N. and Pinckney, Harrison P. and Benjamin, Stefanie and Mowatt, Rasul}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={1–17} }
 @article{black lives as snuff: the silent complicity in viewing black death_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2018.0079}, DOI={10.1353/bio.2018.0079}, abstractNote={Abstract:A video has been uploaded from a live source, then circulated from one user to another, and becomes a trending topic. The cycle has been repeated, although the spectacle of the violence perpetrated on Black bodies has existed for years. But what does it mean that these videos are "produced" and shared? How are these videos being consumed? What are our actions once we "see" and share? How do our actions condone the necropolitics at play? This essay seeks to ask, does a Black life really matter? The ubiquity of social media has fostered an ever-increasing mediated culture on the injustice of racialized violence. Like a "snuff" film depicting the death of an innocent for pleasure, does our lack of concrete action reveal a hidden pleasure? Our silent complicity is discussed in this essay in three key areas: 1) the popular focus on videos of state-sanctioned deaths of Black male victims; 2) the quiet reactions in cases of the deaths of women and transpersons by police; and 3) the silence surrounding cases of injury to Black women by police. The concluding aim in this examination is to make the underlining principle of #BlackLivesMatter a call for justice, as much about substance as it is about form.}, journal={Biography}, year={2018} }
 @article{pinckney_mowatt_outley_brown_floyd_black_2018, title={Black Spaces/White Spaces: Black Lives, Leisure, and Life Politics}, volume={40}, ISSN={0149-0400 1521-0588}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1454361}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2018.1454361}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Racial neutrality does not exist within digital and virtual spaces. Our racialized identities are imported into these spaces, as are the ideologies of our respective societies. This reality begs the question, how do Black people situate themselves in digital White leisure spaces, especially when these spaces maintain and replicate off-line spaces of racial discrimination and overt racism? This article presents a background on Black Internet users and highlights how Black people have used digital spaces to counter and disrupt messages that perpetuate inaccurate stereotypes and social inequalities. Examples are offered to support this claim. This article underlines how behaviors of Black people in digital spaces can demonstrate the presence of Black leisure and highlight the realities of Black life. Finally, critical technocultural discourse analysis will be introduced as a technique for advancing this discussion within the context of race and leisure.}, number={4}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Pinckney, Harrison P. and Mowatt, Rasul A. and Outley, Corliss and Brown, Aishia and Floyd, Myron F. and Black, Katrina L.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={267–287} }
 @article{both sides now: transgression and oppression in african americans' historical relationships with nature_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1448024}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2018.1448024}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Wilderness has been constructed as White, in part through histories that marginalize African American attitudes and experiences. In response, we provide an overview of African Americans' relationships with nature during three historical periods: (a) Enslavement, (b) Reconstruction and Postreconstruction, and (c) 1936–1994. African Americans' relationships with nature were created through an ongoing dialectic of oppression and transgression throughout each historical period. Four types of transgression were identified: wilderness as a space free of White oppression, wilderness as a site to challenge White oppression, engagement with nature despite White oppression, and advocacy for more just relationships with wilderness. Transgression is discussed as a means to remember environmental history and envision new relationships between African Americans and wilderness in the present, bonds for which transgression may one day no longer be necessary.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, year={2018}, month={Apr} }
 @article{four voices for justice: reflections on seeking relevance in higher education_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2018-v36-i4-9242}, DOI={10.18666/jpra-2018-v36-i4-9242}, abstractNote={Earlier this summer, I was thrilled to learn that I had been selected to receive the 2017 Theodore and Franklin Roosevelt Award. I’ve been a National Recreation and Park Association member since 1982. Unfortunately, after considerable agonizing over the past month, I’ve decided that I will not travel to New Orleans to accept the Roosevelt Award in person. I’ve concluded that attending NRPA at this time would violate the letter and spirit of a self-imposed travel ban and compromise deeply held values, morals, and principles in light of President Donald Trump (and his administration’s) actions since elected into office. In so doing, I attempt to honor Teddy Roosevelt himself who famously wrote nearly 100 years ago that “To announce that there must be no criticism of the president, or that we are to stand by the president, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public.” Mark E. Havitz, University of Waterloo Excerpt from an e-mail message to TALS colleagues Ontario, Canada, 20 September 2017 Subscribe to JPRA}, journal={Journal of Park and Recreation Administration}, year={2018} }
 @article{understanding ifá: inserting knowledge of an african cosmology in leisure studies and nature-based research_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2018.1486451}, DOI={10.1080/02614367.2018.1486451}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Originating among the Yorùbá of West Africa, Ifá is an ancient spiritual system that spread throughout the globe due to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. But over the past 50 years because of a desire among various racial and ethnic groups, Ifá has grown and is seen as a ‘world religion’. Within Ifá resides the Orisha, representational forces serving the greater force of the Universe. Urban and rural natural environments are sacred spaces for practitioners as tourists to interact and communicate with these forces to intercede in their daily lives. This article will present the underlying environmental ethics of the system of Ifá and how it informs nature-based tourism and interactions with nature for both leisure and spiritual development. What is presented is a continued broadening of our understanding of differing cultural views, norms and behaviours with nature that has been initiated by Native-American–based scholarship.}, journal={Leisure Studies}, year={2018}, month={Sep} }
 @article{mowatt_floyd_hylton_2017, title={A People’s History of Leisure Studies: Old Knowledge, New Knowledge and The Philadelphia Negro as a Foundational Text}, volume={1}, ISSN={2520-8683 2520-8691}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41978-017-0004-4}, DOI={10.1007/s41978-017-0004-4}, abstractNote={There is a great realization that a professor teaching an introductory or philosophical foundations course in the field of leisure studies comes to, if that professor may not be from the dominant culture of most Western societies. This realization is as stark as their numerical presence in their respective departments. Why are the philosophical foundations of the field devoid of the experiences, voices, and perspectives populations of colour, or even more broadly, the populations of the global majority? The objectives of this manuscript are: 1) to briefly categorize the research in the field on Race and ethnicity; 2) to outline the key canonical texts of the field; 3) to consider and reconceptualize a racially and ethnically inclusive foundation for the field utilizing W. E. B. Du Bois’ (1899) The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study as an example. Within the 520 pages of The Philadelphia Negro, the term leisure is mentioned 21 times. Recreation as a term is used 19 times; and, 4) to identify how the integration of The Philadelphia Negro could impact or realign the field’s history and master narratives and master concepts. What we are granted in leisure studies through the addition of The Philadelphia Negro as a foundational text is quite possibly the first sociological study, the first empirical study, the first large sample study, and the first mixed methods designed study.}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A. and Floyd, Myron F. and Hylton, Kevin}, year={2017}, month={Dec}, pages={55–73} }
 @article{the case of the 12-year-old boy: or, the silence of and relevance to leisure research_2018, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2017.1296389}, DOI={10.1080/01490400.2017.1296389}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT A 12-year-old boy is shot in a public park on the grounds of being a threat, yet despite the locational relevance there was a silence within leisure research. With this in mind, the aim of this manuscript is a manifesto on the manner that leisure-related research on race, social justice, quality of life, and leisure studies (more broadly, as an academy) must confront the silence with dealing with racism as structural and systematic. If we are to advocate in varying ways on the right of populations to enjoy the life sustaining opportunities that are afforded to them as citizens through leisure, then we must also hold ourselves accountable when those very leisure settings fail to deliver on that promise, and become life-threatening. Tamir Rice, is a case of the duality of silence on the structural nature of racism while also an opportunity to assert a social relevance for leisure research.}, journal={Leisure Sciences}, year={2018}, month={Feb} }
 @article{(sub)urban sexscapes: geographies and regulation of the sex industry_2016, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2016.1276729}, DOI={10.1080/14927713.2016.1276729}, abstractNote={In regard to sex, Foucault (1976/1978) once stated that ‘where there is power, there is resistance’ (p. 96). This relationship between the power at various levels of government (local, regional and...}, journal={Leisure/Loisir}, year={2016}, month={Oct} }
 @article{tourism and the power of otherness: seductions of difference (tourism and cultural change)_2017, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2016.1189343}, DOI={10.1080/11745398.2016.1189343}, abstractNote={On the concept of the Other, Said (2003) stated, ‘neither the term Orient nor the concept of the West has any ontological stability; each is made up of human effort, partly affirmation, partly identification of the Other’ (xvii). Of all of the areas of leisure research, tourism places us in the most in direct contact with others, the other parts of ourselves, and the Other. Possibly, this results in the attractiveness of tourism as the encounters with paradox and difference thrusts us into new spheres of knowing and experiencing. As Picard and Di Giovine stated in their introduction, ‘for most tourists the journey is a success when they return as transformed beings’ (2). Tourism creates the paradox where order is promised but is temporarily suspended, and each of the contributors to Tourism and the Power of Otherness touch upon various ways in which the seductive allure of finding the Other has been examined.}, journal={Annals of Leisure Research}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }
 @article{mowatt_johnson_roberts_kivel_2016, title={“Embarrassingly White”}, volume={31}, ISSN={1937-156X 2162-4097}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18666/schole-2016-v31-i1-7268}, DOI={10.18666/schole-2016-v31-i1-7268}, abstractNote={Abstract The recruitment and retention of faculty and students of color is a long-standing challenge in academic programs focusing on leisure studies, parks, recreation, and tourism. However, when confronting the predominantly white composition of educational programs, many evade or, at most, acknowledge the situation as a “deficit.” Few offer specific strategies for reversing this pattern, if that is the desired outcome. The purpose of this essay is to extend the discourse beyond traditional diversity initiatives by undertaking a field-wide initiative focused on the disparities in faculty and student representation. First, the essay examines systems that have created and supported the persistence of “white” as privileged in academia. Next, a summary and critique of institutional faculty demographic data over the 5-year period from 2006–2011 from four diverse institutions are presented. This analysis illustrates patterns that have resulted in presumably less than desirable numbers of faculty and students of color. Concrete suggestions for recruiting, retaining, and promoting people of color in academic leisure studies programs are included. Increasingly, today's students are attracted to academic programs in which they will be exposed to faculty representing the diversity they will encounter as professionals. This essay offers a call to bridge the perceived gap between practitioners and academia by recommending systemic changes informed by the lived experiences of communities of color that are effectively served by various leisure service providers.}, number={1}, journal={SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Mowatt, Rasul A. and Johnson, Corey W. and Roberts, Nina S. and Kivel, B. Dana}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={37–55} }
 @article{women in tourism: shifting gender ideology in the dr_2015, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.02.017}, DOI={10.1016/j.annals.2015.02.017}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study is to explore the ways in which the employment of women in the tourism industry has challenged or reinforced the traditional machismo–marianismo gender ideology in the Dominican Republic. Semi-structured individual, coupled, and group interviews were conducted in 12 coastal communities to investigate residents’ perceptions about gender ideology as it intersects with the employment of women in tourism. The findings reveal tourism employment as a source of opportunity, with women gaining economic and social independence, but also conflict as women and men negotiate new gender roles and identities. Emphasizing issues such as the double workload, negotiating domestic tasks with partners, and tension resulting from employment, this study illuminates the pressing practical needs of Dominican women.}, journal={Annals of Tourism Research}, year={2015}, month={May} }
 @article{event power: how global events manage and manipulate, by chris rojek_2014, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2014.933000}, DOI={10.1080/14927713.2014.933000}, abstractNote={technologies, marketing strategies, and cultural significance – then do read this book. If you’re not a specialist in this area, it may be necessary to read it a section at a time – the chapter on B sides one day, perhaps, the chapter on record sleeves the next – simply to avoid being overwhelming by Richard Osborne’s command of technical and historical detail. If you are a specialist – a student, for example, studying the record business or with a particular interest in the history of music as leisure – I’d say it was an absolute must.}, journal={Leisure/Loisir}, year={2014}, month={Jan} }
 @article{the conspicuous nature of power_2014, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950331}, DOI={10.1080/00222216.2014.11950331}, abstractNote={As an introduction, we couched this special issue on social and environmental justice within the unsettling nature of prejudice. Prejudice, subtly and overtly, contribute to injustice and oppression in nuanced ways. Our authors tackled those ways through an analysis of the need to critically rethink the use and provision of greenspaces for tackling homelessness (Rose); the importance of the consideration of having spaces for youth development and empowerment (Kelly & Outley); the need for depth in conceptualizing ethnicity to understand meaning-making and experiential context (Madsen, Radel, & Endter-Wada); food insecurity and access to Farmers markets (Farmer, Chancellor, Robinson, West, & Weddell); the challenges of creating accessibility to opportunities among those that are underprivileged with traditionally privileged programs (Paisley, Jostad, & Sibthorp); and, the acknowledgment that personal identities and experiences greatly influence our research and affinity to matters of justice (Trussell). But as we acknowledged, prejudice is only an echo or evidence marker that injustice has occurred. Prejudice, in itself, does not create injustice and oppression, power does. With this in mind, we support a perspective that our roles as researchers are to erect and "bring about new schemas of politicization" rather than defend any existing position, in order conceive new forms of social realities (Foucault, 1977, p. 211).In our call for papers, we noted that Iris Young (1990) outlined five areas or "faces" of oppression and evidence of manifested power: exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and violence. Exploitation is a process in that the product of labor of one social group benefits another. Marginalization is the process and result of isolation, denial, or expulsion of one social group in actively participating in society by the decision-making of another social group. Powerlessness is the barring and exclusion of a social group in decision-making structures that limits the groups' ability to formulate opportunities and the fulfillment of capacities. Cultural imperialism is the process that the ideals, beliefs, and attitudes of one social group are enforced upon another social group through institutional polices and practices. Lastly, Violence is a process that utilizes the institutional condoning or enabling threat and actual use of physical attack to harm, humiliate, and terrorize a social group. Each of these faces, "function as criteria for determining whether individuals and groups are oppressed," and that, "the presence of any of these five conditions is sufficient for calling a group oppressed" (p. 41).We also noted that Bunyan Bryant (1995) extended notions of injustice but also ways that empowerment could occur through our interactions with the environment by way of "cultural norms and values, rules, regulations, behaviors, policies, and decisions to support sustainable communities, where people can interact with confidence that their environment is safe, nurturing, and productive" (p. 6). Key elements of environmental justice are: procedural justice, distributive justice, corrective justice, environmental equity, and environmental racism. Unlike the Youngs (1990) "faces of oppression" that are distinct from one another, each of these elements represents foci of analysis on processes and structures of equity and rectification on the manner in which the environment does not harm the growth of people or the growth of the environment is not hindered through our own actions. Advancing environmental justice has also necessitated the need to ensure that full participation of communities that are adversely affected by environmental decision-making, and that policies benefit all and not just those at that "table."Unlike privilege or even prejudice, (oppressive) power cannot be simply "unpacked" since it is always operating, even countering the efforts of anti-oppressive practices. …}, journal={Journal of Leisure Research}, year={2014}, month={Jul} }
 @article{the unsettling nature of prejudice_2014, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950324}, DOI={10.1080/00222216.2014.11950324}, abstractNote={"Here's to the crazy ones. The misfits. The rebels. The troublemakers. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things differently. They're not fond of rules. And they have no respect for the status quo. You can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. About the only thing you can't do is ignore them. Because they change things. They push the human race forward. And while some may see them as the crazy ones, we see genius. Because the people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do." - Apple, Inc. (1997)Issues of social and environmental justice are critical in leisure research and delivery, yet to date these topics have been underrepresented in the existing leisure literature. In May 2012, the Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism at the University of Utah hosted the First International Symposium on "Speaking Up and Speaking Out: Working for Social and Environmental Justice through Parks, Recreation, Tourism and Leisure" with the intention of presenting current research in these important areas. The symposium brought leisure researchers who have shared interests in social and environmental justice together and provided an opportunity for discussion, collaboration, and critical consideration. What precipitated was camaraderie and enthusiasm to explore leisure behavior through the complex and sometimes discomfiting lenses of oppression and privilege. The assembly of leisure scholars with this special issue was designed to bring a collection of studies and discussions that present questions of justice within leisure to the fore, to inspire further discourse, and to expand leisure scholarship in an increasingly changing global society.To suggest that disparities in leisure provisions and services have not been addressed in the literature is a disservice. In addition to the 2012 Symposium in Utah, calls for social justice research have been articulated at the George Butler Lecture at the 2012 NRPA Leisure Research Symposium and a panel discussion following the Lecture, and in research (Allison, 2000; Arai & Kivel, 2009; Floyd & Johnson, 2002; Johnson, Delgado-Romero, 2012; Mowatt, 2012; Mowatt, 2013; Paisley & Dustin, 2011; Parry, 2012; Parry, Johnson, & Stewart, 2013; Samdahl, 2011; Stewart, 2012; Taylor, Floyd, Whitt, Glover, & Brooks, 2007). After all, issues of race, gender, class, sexuality, and ability among others have been examined for decades. What some of the published literature lacks, though not all, is a critical examination of not only the experiences of those who are marginalized, but also and more precisely, social and environmental justice are a paradigmatic break from the critique of power of institutions in Critical Theory or the social responsibility to interact with communities in Action Research and Community-Based Participatory Research but a call to action for what should be done to incur social equity, social change, and the acquisition of power. Pierre Bourdieu (1997) argued,Only the illusion of the omnipotence of thought could lead one to believe that the most radical doubt is capable of suspending presuppositions, linked to our various affiliations, memberships, implications, that we engage in our thoughts (p. 9).The subjects of our inquiry are influenced by our culturally centered assumptions, our prejudicial presuppositions. But equally so, the people we interact with in our inquiries are influenced and motivated by prejudicial presuppositions. Without a penetrating agitation, there is little motivation, for us as researchers and for the populations we engage with, to reflexively question how those prejudices impact society at large and at the individual level.Truly addressing questions of oppression and privilege from a social psychological perspective requires an insight and self-awareness of not only prejudice in society, but one's own prejudice as well (Pious, 2003). This process can be unsettling, and as mentioned previously, discomfiting, as no one is free of prejudice. …}, journal={Journal of Leisure Research}, year={2014}, month={Jul} }
 @article{components of partnership agreements in municipal parks and recreation_2013, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13606719.2013.752212}, DOI={10.1080/13606719.2013.752212}, abstractNote={This research examines the relationships between parks and recreation agencies and outside agencies as they pertain to partnership agreements. A number of municipal parks and recreation departments were contacted and solicited for documentation of the various partnership agreements they have with outside agencies to fulfill their programming, sponsorships, and operating goals. In addition to partnership documentation, parks and recreation professionals were contacted and researched to clarify standards that are in place, specific agreement needs, criteria used, and overall processes. This study sought to identify universal components needed in creating partnership agreements, as well as components that are unique to specific types of partnerships. Partnerships are a very powerful tool in the field of parks and recreation in that they help alleviate costs, provide more recreational opportunities, and allow for new opportunities for all parties involved such as sport facility construction and professional sport team affiliation. The research assisted in the development and formulation of key components for best practice partnership agreements that may be considered between parks and recreation departments/districts, professional associations, and outside agencies.}, journal={Managing Leisure}, year={2013}, month={Apr} }
 @article{heterosexism in campus recreational club sports: an exploratory investigation into attitudes toward gay men and lesbians_2013, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/rsj.37.2.106}, DOI={10.1123/rsj.37.2.106}, abstractNote={This study investigated attitudes toward gay men and lesbians among recreational club sport participants, including an investigation of differences in attitudes across sport clubs, team and individual sports, gender, and contact with gay men and lesbians. This study used a modified version of the Attitudes toward Lesbians and Gay Men scale administered online to acquire overall attitudinal scores of participants, as well as two parallel subscale scores. Utilizing MANOVA and ANOVA statistical testing procedures, significant differences ( p < .01) in attitudes toward gay men and lesbians were found based on gender, contact with gay men and lesbians, and among different recreational club sports. Significant statistical differences ( p < .01) between attitudinal subscale scores were also found across demographic levels.}, journal={Recreational Sports Journal}, year={2013}, month={Oct} }
 @article{<i>machismo–marianismo</i> and the involvement of women in a community-based tourism project in ecuador, south america_2012, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354212x13531051127384}, DOI={10.3727/108354212x13531051127384}, abstractNote={The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of machismo–marianismo gender ideology on a tourism planning dialogue within a community-based tourism planning project. Using community-based research methodology, three focus groups were conducted in a rural Ecuadorian
 community. Findings indicate that gender ideology influences the planning discourse in various ways, which affect if and how women are involved in the tourism industry. This study provides evidence for why tourism planning frameworks need to be critical of existing power structures such as
 gender ideology. Recommendations include the application of gender-aware development frameworks and gender impact assessments throughout the planning process.}, journal={Tourism Analysis}, year={2012}, month={Dec} }
 @article{lynching as leisure_2012, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764212454429}, DOI={10.1177/0002764212454429}, abstractNote={Within a critical theory focus, the documented history of lynching in photographic images and textual accounts provides a discussion of the sense of place when considering lynchings as leisure activities. The visual analysis of 433 lynching photographs and 327 accounts undergoing critical discourse analysis provided the process of researching the historical phenomenon in the context of leisure. This article seeks to summarize that research and presents case study examples to discuss the leisure implications in lynchings. The racial violence that is demonstrated in these spectacles is a discursive intersection of cultural critique, power relationships, and a reflection of their impact on place meanings and social interaction. To “read” lynchings as violent acts of leisure in various settings creates a vehicle for leisure research to contribute to dialogues on meaning(s) of place and the significance of race.}, journal={American Behavioral Scientist}, year={2012}, month={Oct} }
 @article{multiuse trails: benefits and concerns of residents and property owners_2012, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000124}, DOI={10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000124}, abstractNote={Multiuse trail development has experienced rapid growth in the United States and many other countries. These trails are said to benefit local residents and stimulate economies, and in some cases are they are tourist attractions. Previous research explained many aspects of user dynamics and how trails benefit a community in general, but literature on the residents and property owners adjacent to trails is limited. However, this group is potentially affected more than other residents by trail development due to their proximity to the trail. Therefore, this exploratory case study focused on the benefits and concerns of those living and owning property adjacent to a trail. Many benefits commonly reported by general trail users were experienced by this study’s sample; however, the additional benefits of convenience and access, scenic views, and an enhanced social life were also revealed. While numerous benefits were uncovered, few concerns were voiced and often very individualistic. Differences in benefits and concerns were noted between respondents when characteristics such as trail use, land use, and time of ownership were evaluated. Findings provide constructive information for trail planners, managers, land developers, residential real estate professionals, and urban/rural-focused researchers.}, journal={Journal of Urban Planning and Development}, year={2012}, month={Dec} }
 @article{places of the imagination: media, tourism, culture, by stijn reijnders_2012, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2012.701954}, DOI={10.1080/14927713.2012.701954}, journal={Leisure/Loisir}, year={2012}, month={Feb} }
 @article{visiting death and life_2011, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.03.012}, DOI={10.1016/j.annals.2011.03.012}, abstractNote={In dark tourism research there is a paucity of research given to the discussion of sites associated with African enslavement. This study is informed by combining qualitative data from interviews that were conducted with 14 individuals pre- and post-travel to Cape Coast Castle, Ghana, alongside elicited photographs from the site, and a narrative analysis on other visitations and reflections of coastal castles. In bringing the discussion of these sites into an overall conceptual discussion of dark tourism, careful consideration needs to be given to the nuances that is evident in the sites’ histories, the interactions and interpretations of tourists with those sites, and their management and oversight by the Ghanaian authorities and the UNESCO Slave Route Project.}, journal={Annals of Tourism Research}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @article{team-based learning_2010, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2010.11949649}, DOI={10.1080/1937156x.2010.11949649}, abstractNote={Abstract The practice of management continues to be important in leisure service delivery and in the academic preparation of future practitioners. As leisure and business research direct a conscious eye to leadership and management, similarly pedagogical research should direct attention to effective course content and teaching design. Team-based learning (TBL) is a promising approach to teaching that yields increased discussion, learning, and preparation of future managers on the intricacies of management and the importance of leadership. Also, TBL is a conscious use of cooperative and collaborative learning techniques in a permanent group structure. Support of this approach is based on the initial feedback and information collected from a redesigned course that emphasized semester-long group work and a group final exam. The findings supported previous research on team-based learning where students' perceptions of the learning environment and experience was remarkably higher while their performance on course content was also higher than in previous incarnations of the course, and learning of group skills was identified.}, journal={SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education}, year={2010}, month={Apr} }
 @article{to begin with the end_2010, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1937156x.2010.11949663}, DOI={10.1080/1937156x.2010.11949663}, abstractNote={Abstract As a professionally based field, leisure studies programs are perpetually in a position to produce the future managers, supervisors, and directors of the various subfields that comprise our areas of studies. Based on this reality and the need to adequately fulfill accreditation standards, insulate programs to the changing school/university priorities, and raise the caliber and abilities of our graduates, the aim of this learning activity discussion is to highlight Backward Design as a useful approach that could address the demands of each of those needs. Backward Design emphasizes a three-stage process to tackle, reshape, and implement learning outcomes in a curriculum or a course. Thinking of our students as graduates at the onset offers an effective way to produce quality students for the culmination of a program or course.}, journal={SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education}, year={2010}, month={Apr} }
 @article{contesting identities, contesting nation_2009, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2009.7.2.138}, DOI={10.2304/pfie.2009.7.2.138}, abstractNote={The globalization process disturbs a rather deep-seated intuition that culture has a special relationship to geographical place. (Tomlinson, 2007, p. 151) Contributors to this Special Issue identify the problematic status of post-colonial identities within cultural studies scholarship as a point of departure. We maintain, in part, that a center–periphery thesis and a nation-bound ethnographic framework deeply inform the orientation of cultural studies scholars to the contemporary social order in the metropole and overseas in empire. Within this framework, ‘Britishness’ has been the silent organizing principle defining metropolitan working-class traditions and forms of cultural resistance as the sine qua non of cultural Marxism’s readings of contemporary life and proposals to transcend it. In ‘Contesting Identities, Contesting Nation’, then, we address these concerns, ultimately pointing to the specter of globalization and the way it challenges the relevance and insightfulness of the post-war cultural Marxism of British cultural studies. Contributors grapple theoretically and methodologically with the serviceable tradition that cultural studies draws on to authenticate and center the metropolitan working class as the subject-object of history and the point of embarkation for research. We point to the incommensurability of this approach with the contextual reality of present-day post-industrial society and the profoundly limiting framework of nationalism which undergirds the British cultural studies subcultural approach to date. We argue further that this ethnocentric approach to class in British cultural studies scholarship cuts at right angles to the postcolonial subjectivities and the presence of the Third World in the metropolitan working class. The fact is that there is a new context of post-colonialism and globalization that defines twenty-firstcentury social formations. This new context has precipitated a crisis of language in the neo-Marxist scholarly efforts to grasp the central dynamics of contemporary societies. The latter has led to a depreciation of the value and insightfulness of neo-Marxist analysis in our time – old metaphors associated with class, economy, state (‘production’, ‘reproduction’, ‘resistance’, ‘the labor/capital contradiction’) are all worn down by the transformations of the past decades in which the saturation of economic and political practices in aesthetic mediations has proceeded full scale (Klein, 2001; McCarthy et al, 2009; Tomlinson, 2007). ‘Contesting Identities, Contesting Nation’ is therefore aimed at a twofold intervention in the field of Cultural Studies. First, while mindful of the extraordinary venue that Cultural Studies has provided over the past few decades for theoretically, empirically and pragmatically grounded investigations into the conditions of production and the forms of existence of, particularly, white working-class youth of the metropole, contributors to this issue urgently announce new departures. Collectively, they maintain that the sub-cultural studies project undertaken by cultural}, journal={Policy Futures in Education}, year={2009}, month={Apr} }
 @article{notes from a leisure son: expanding an understanding of whiteness in leisure_2009, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2009.11950188}, DOI={10.1080/00222216.2009.11950188}, abstractNote={Abstract Whiteness is a fundamental aspect of American society and because of this leisure research is as troubled as our own racialized identities. Whiteness becomes a problematic dimension in our discourse if unchallenged by not critically examining race within the context of power. Taking a stance that Whiteness exists in five politically based racial projects, enables leisure research to uncover the apparent and invisible ways that power exists in professional practices, public policy development, and accepted research paradigms in published works. Inspired by Notes From a Native Son and serving as a rejoinder to previous discussions on Whiteness and race, the aim here is to address Whiteness in leisure with a brief analysis of history, contemporary issues, and policy. With an expanded understanding of Whiteness, leisure research could be a liberating tool for social justice to usher new conceptions, new theories, and new approaches to instruction, programming, and understanding in the field.}, journal={Journal of Leisure Research}, year={2009}, month={Dec} }
 @article{the king of the damned: reading lynching as leisure_2009, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2009.7.2.185}, DOI={10.2304/pfie.2009.7.2.185}, abstractNote={ The racial domination that is showcased in the spectacle of lynching leads to an intersection of discourse, critique, and reflection on identity. Utilizing visual methodologies along with a critical theory focus, the documented history in photographic images and textual accounts provides a window to human leisure behavior as it is situated in a setting through displays of power. Tortured black bodies are situated in a reversed position of authority with those in power that have condemned them through a Foucault perspective, and the role of the ‘king’ or figure of authority that places judgment withi these leisure festivals of racial violence. The discussion of lynchings as violent acts of leisure in various settings creates a vehicle for the field of leisure studies to contribute to dialogues on meaning(s) of place and the significance of race, more specifically. }, journal={Policy Futures in Education}, year={2009}, month={Apr} }