@article{shrauner_blikslager_davis_campbell_law_lustgarten_prange_2017, title={Feasibility and safety of lumbosacral epiduroscopy in the standing horse}, volume={49}, ISSN={["2042-3306"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84978052421&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/evj.12591}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={3}, journal={EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL}, author={Shrauner, B. and Blikslager, A. and Davis, J. and Campbell, N. and Law, M. and Lustgarten, M. and Prange, T.}, year={2017}, month={May}, pages={322–328} }
 @article{seiler_campbell_nixon_tsuruta_dayton_jennings_redding_lustgarten_2016, title={FEASIBILITY AND SAFETY OF CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASOUND IN THE DISTAL LIMB OF SIX HORSES}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/vru.12333}, abstractNote={Vascular alterations play important roles in many orthopedic diseases such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis, and synovitis in both human and equine athletes. Understanding these alterations could enhance diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could be a valuable method for evaluation of blood flow and perfusion of these processes in the equine distal limb, however no reports were found describing feasibility or safety of the technique. The goal of this prospective, experimental study was to describe the feasibility and safety of distal limb CEUS in a sample of six horses. For each horse, CEUS of the distal limb was performed after intravenous injections of 5 and 10 ml, as well as intra‐arterial injections of 0.5 and 1 ml contrast medium. Vital parameters were monitored and CEUS images were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively for degree of contrast enhancement. None of the horses had clinically significant changes in their vital parameters after contrast medium injection. One horse had a transient increase in respiratory rate, and several horses had mild increases of systolic blood pressure of short duration after intravenous, but not after intra‐arterial injections. Intra‐arterial injection was possible in all horses and resulted in significantly improved contrast enhancement both quantitatively (P = 0.027) and qualitatively (P = 0.019). Findings from this study indicated that CEUS is a feasible and safe diagnostic test for evaluation of the equine distal limb. Future studies are needed to assess the clinical utility of this test for horses with musculoskeletal diseases.}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={Seiler, Gabriela S. and Campbell, Nigel and Nixon, Britton and Tsuruta, James K. and Dayton, Paul A. and Jennings, Samuel and Redding, W. Rich and Lustgarten, Meghann}, year={2016}, pages={282–289} }
 @article{posner_mariani_swanson_asakawa_campbell_king_2014, title={Perianesthetic morbidity and mortality in dogs undergoing cervical and thoracolumbar spinal surgery}, volume={41}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vaa.12127}, DOI={10.1111/vaa.12127}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
To evaluate and compare perioperative morbidity and mortality in dogs undergoing cervical and thoracolumbar spinal surgery.


STUDY DESIGN
Prospective case series.


ANIMALS
157 dogs undergoing cervical or thoracolumbar spinal surgery.


METHODS
Data were collected sequentially on canine cases presented from the Neurology Section of the North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for anesthesia and surgery for cervical spinal cord disease. Simultaneously, data were collected on all thoracolumbar spinal surgery cases during the same time period. Data included signalment, drugs administered, surgical approach, disease process, cardiac arrhythmias during anesthesia, and outcome.


RESULTS
Data were collected from 164 surgical events in 157 dogs. There were 52 cervical approaches; four dorsal and 48 ventral. All thoracolumbar surgeries were approached dorsolaterally. Four dogs 4/52 (7.6%) undergoing a cervical approach did not survive to discharge. Two dogs (2/8; 25%) underwent atlanto-axial (AA) stabilization and suffered cardiovascular arrest and two dogs (2/38; 5.2%) undergoing cervical ventral slot procedures were euthanized following anesthesia and surgery due to signs of aspiration pneumonia. All dogs undergoing thoracolumbar surgery survived until discharge (112/112). Mortality in dogs undergoing cervical spinal surgery was greater compared with dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery (p = 0.009), however, in dogs undergoing decompressive disc surgery, intraoperative death rates were not different between dogs undergoing a cervical compared with thoracolumbar approaches (p = 0.32) nor was there a significant difference in overall mortality (p = 0.07).


CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Overall, dogs undergoing cervical spinal surgery were less likely to survive until discharge compared with dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery. Mortality in dogs undergoing cervical intervertebral disc decompression surgery was no different than for dogs undergoing thoracolumbar intervertebral disc decompression surgery. However, dogs undergoing cervical intervertebral disc decompression surgery should be considered at risk for aspiration pneumonia.}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Posner, Lysa P. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Swanson, Cliff and Asakawa, Makoto and Campbell, Nigel and King, Adam S.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={137–144} }
 @article{davis_marshall_papich_blikslager_campbell_2011, title={The pharmacokinetics and in vitro cyclooxygenase selectivity of deracoxib in horses}, volume={34}, ISSN={0140-7783}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01185.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01185.x}, abstractNote={Davis, J. L., Marshall, J. F., Papich, M. G., Blikslager, A. T., Campbell, N. B. The pharmacokinetics and in vitro cyclooxygenase selectivity of deracoxib in horses. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 12–16.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Davis, J. L. and Marshall, J. F. and Papich, M. G. and Blikslager, A. T. and Campbell, N. B.}, year={2011}, month={Jan}, pages={12–16} }
 @article{smith_davis_smith_gerard_campbell_foster_2010, title={Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Pantoprazole in Alpacas}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0508.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0508.x}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
Despite frequent clinical use, information about the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of pantoprazole in camelids is not available.


OBJECTIVES
To examine the pharmacokinetics of both IV and SC pantoprazole and to determine whether pantoprazole administration would increase 3rd compartment pH in alpacas.


ANIMALS
Six healthy adult alpacas.


METHODS
Alpacas were fitted with a 3rd compartment cannula for measuring gastric pH. After recovery, alpacas received 1 mg/kg pantoprazole IV, q24h for 3 days or 2 mg/kg SC q24h for 3 days. Alpacas received both IV and SC pantoprazole, with a minimum of 3 weeks between treatments. Third compartment pH was recorded and plasma samples were taken for pharmacokinetic analysis.


RESULTS
Pantoprazole induced a slow but sustained increase in 3rd compartment pH when given by both the IV and SC routes. Third compartment pH was significantly increased as compared with baseline values (1.81+/-0.7; mean+/-SD) at 24 (2.47+/-0.8), 48 (3.53+/-1.0) and 72 hours (4.03+/-1.3) after daily IV administration of pantoprazole. Third compartment pH increased from 1.73+/-0.6 at baseline to 3.05+/-1.1, 4.02+/-1.4, and 3.61+/-1.6 at 24, 48, and 72 hours after SC administration, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that pantoprazole had a short elimination half-life (0.47+0.06 h) and a high clearance rate (12.2+/-2.9 mL/kg/min) after both IV and SC administration.


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Based on the results of this study, pantoprazole represents a safe and effective drug for increasing 3rd compartment pH in camelids. Either IV or SC administration is likely to be an effective treatment for gastric ulcers.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Smith, G. W. and Davis, J. L. and Smith, S. M. and Gerard, M. P. and Campbell, N. B. and Foster, D. M.}, year={2010}, pages={949–955} }
 @article{mcmullen_davidson_campbell_salmon_gilger_2010, title={Evaluation of 30- and 25-diopter intraocular lens implants in equine eyes after surgical extraction of the lens}, volume={71}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.71.7.809}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.71.7.809}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={7}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={McMullen, Richard J. and Davidson, Michael G. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Salmon, Jacklyn H. and Gilger, Brian C.}, year={2010}, month={Jul}, pages={809–816} }
 @article{carter_campbell_posner_swanson_2010, title={The hemodynamic effects of medetomidine continuous rate infusions in the dog}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00522.x}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
To characterize the hemodynamic effects of continuous rate infusions (CRI) of medetomidine administered at doses ranging from 0 to 3 microg kg(-1) hour(-1).


STUDY DESIGN
Prospective, blinded, randomized experimental trial.


ANIMALS
Six adult purpose-bred mongrel dogs.


METHODS
Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane for placement of arterial and venous catheters. Dogs recovered from anesthesia after which baseline hemodynamic measurements were obtained via lithium dilution cardiac output (CO) determination, with subsequent measurements via pulse power analysis to provide continuous CO determinations. Medetomidine, 1, 2, or 3 microg kg(-1) hour(-1) or a volume equivalent placebo, was administered via CRI for 60 minutes. Systolic, mean, and diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), CO and stroke volume were measured and stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI), total peripheral resistance (TPR), and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) were calculated at 3, 7, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes from the start of the infusion.


RESULTS
Increase in dose decreased SI by 25%, 19%, and 30%, HR by 33%, 57%, and 60%, CI by 50%, 65%, 70% and increased TPRI by 109%, 235%, and 222% from baseline to the 60-minute measurement for the 1, 2, and 3 microg kg(-1) hour(-1) doses, respectively. HR, TPRI, and CI all showed significant differences over the duration of the study from the placebo treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Medetomidine CRI produces clinically relevant changes in CO, TPR, and HR. The demonstrated decrease in CO is largely because of bradycardia and the degree of cardiovascular depression appears to be dose-dependent. These findings are consistent with previously described hemodynamic changes with single bolus administration of medetomidine.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Low-dose medetomidine CRIs produce clinically relevant hemodynamic depression at doses as low as 1 microg kg(-1) hour(-1) and should be used cautiously in dogs.}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Carter, Jennifer E. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Posner, Lysa P. and Swanson, Cliff}, year={2010}, month={May}, pages={197–206} }
 @article{cook_jones shults_mcdowell_campbell_davis_marshall_blikslager_2009, title={Anti-inflammatory effects of intravenously administered lidocaine hydrochloride on ischemia-injured jejunum in horses}, volume={70}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.70.10.1259}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.70.10.1259}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={10}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Cook, Vanessa L. and Jones Shults, Jennifer and McDowell, Marsha R. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Davis, Jennifer L. and Marshall, John F. and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2009}, month={Oct}, pages={1259–1268} }
 @article{cook_meyer_campbell_blikslager_2009, title={Effect of firocoxib or flunixin meglumine on recovery of ischemic-injured equine jejunum}, volume={70}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.70.8.992}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.70.8.992}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Cook, Vanessa L. and Meyer, Colleen T. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2009}, month={Aug}, pages={992–1000} }
 @article{smith_gerard_campbell_foster_smith_davis_2009, title={Third-compartment cannulation in alpacas using a polyurethane gastrostomy tube}, volume={87}, ISSN={["1751-0813"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00510.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00510.x}, abstractNote={Objective To develop a simple and effective surgical technique for third‐compartment cannulation in alpacas.}, number={12}, journal={AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL}, author={Smith, G. W. and Gerard, M. P. and Campbell, N. B. and Foster, D. M. and Smith, S. M. and Davis, J. L.}, year={2009}, month={Dec}, pages={487–491} }
 @article{cook_shults_mcdowell_campbell_davis_blikslager_2008, title={Attenuation of ischaemic injury in the equine jejunum by administration of systemic lidocaine}, volume={40}, DOI={10.2746/04251640SX293574}, number={4}, journal={Equine Veterinary Journal}, author={Cook, V. L. and Shults, J. J. and McDowell, M. and Campbell, N. B. and Davis, J. L. and Blikslager, Anthony}, year={2008}, pages={353–357} }
 @article{kiser_nifong_raman_kasirajan_campbell_chitwood_2008, title={Evaluation of a novel epicardial atrial fibrillation treatment system}, volume={85}, ISSN={["0003-4975"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.05.061}, abstractNote={Surgical and catheter treatments for atrial fibrillation remain invasive or ineffective for most patients. A novel system developed to create epicardial ablation lesions during beating-heart surgical procedures was evaluated in an in vivo ovine model.This novel ablation device integrates radiofrequency, suction, and perfusion to create transmural lesions by remaining consistently in contact with the irregular and curved surface of the beating heart.Two epicardial ablation patterns were generated in five adult sheep: left atrial appendage and left pulmonary vein isolation. The 2-cm and 5-cm coagulation devices generated linear and curved lesions and maintained intimate contact against the epicardium using suction. Significant increases in bipolar pacing thresholds demonstrated trans-lesion conduction block in all animals. Histopathologic examination verified transmurality and showed changes normally observed after coagulation procedures. All lesions demonstrated mural degeneration throughout the lesion. No charring, vaporization, thromboembolic events, nor other complications were observed.This novel epicardial coagulation system successfully created continuous and transmural atrial lesions in a beating-heart ovine model.}, number={1}, journal={ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY}, author={Kiser, Andy C. and Nifong, L. Wiley and Raman, Jai and Kasirajan, Vigneshwar and Campbell, Nigel and Chitwood, W. Randolph, Jr.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={300–304} }
 @article{bolotin_buckner_jardine_kiefer_campbell_kocherginsky_raman_jeevanandam_2007, title={A novel instrumented retractor to monitor tissue-disruptive forces during lateral thoracotomy}, volume={133}, ISSN={["1097-685X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.09.065}, abstractNote={ObjectiveAcute and chronic pain after thoracotomy, post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, is well documented. The mechanical retractors used for the thoracotomy exert significant forces on the skeletal cage. Our hypothesis was that instrumented retractors could be developed to enable real-time monitoring and control of retraction forces. This would provide equivalent exposure with significantly reduced forces and tissue damage and thus less post-thoracotomy pain.MethodsA novel instrumented retractor was designed and fabricated to enable real-time force monitoring during surgical retraction. Eight mature sheep underwent bilateral thoracotomy. One lateral thoracotomy was retracted at a standard clinical pace of 5.93 ± 0.80 minutes to 7.5 cm without real-time monitoring of retraction forces. The other lateral thoracotomy was retracted to the same exposure with real-time visual force feedback and a consequently more deliberate pace of 9.87 ± 1.89 minutes (P = .006). Retraction forces, blood pressure, and heart rate were monitored throughout the procedure.ResultsFull lateral retraction resulted in an average force of 102.88 ± 50.36 N at the standard clinical pace, versus 77.88 ± 38.85 N with force feedback (a 24.3% reduction, P = .006). Standard retraction produced peak forces of 450.01 ± 129.58 N, whereas force feedback yielded peak forces of 323.99 ± 127.79 N (a 28.0% reduction, P = .009). Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher during standard clinical retraction (P = .0097), and rib fracture occurrences were reduced from 5 to 1 with force feedback (P = .04).ConclusionsUse of the novel instrumented retractor resulted in significantly lower average and peak retraction forces during lateral thoracotomy. Moreover, these reduced retraction forces were correlated with reductions in animal stress and tissue damage, as documented by lower systolic blood pressures and fewer rib fractures. Acute and chronic pain after thoracotomy, post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, is well documented. The mechanical retractors used for the thoracotomy exert significant forces on the skeletal cage. Our hypothesis was that instrumented retractors could be developed to enable real-time monitoring and control of retraction forces. This would provide equivalent exposure with significantly reduced forces and tissue damage and thus less post-thoracotomy pain. A novel instrumented retractor was designed and fabricated to enable real-time force monitoring during surgical retraction. Eight mature sheep underwent bilateral thoracotomy. One lateral thoracotomy was retracted at a standard clinical pace of 5.93 ± 0.80 minutes to 7.5 cm without real-time monitoring of retraction forces. The other lateral thoracotomy was retracted to the same exposure with real-time visual force feedback and a consequently more deliberate pace of 9.87 ± 1.89 minutes (P = .006). Retraction forces, blood pressure, and heart rate were monitored throughout the procedure. Full lateral retraction resulted in an average force of 102.88 ± 50.36 N at the standard clinical pace, versus 77.88 ± 38.85 N with force feedback (a 24.3% reduction, P = .006). Standard retraction produced peak forces of 450.01 ± 129.58 N, whereas force feedback yielded peak forces of 323.99 ± 127.79 N (a 28.0% reduction, P = .009). Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher during standard clinical retraction (P = .0097), and rib fracture occurrences were reduced from 5 to 1 with force feedback (P = .04). Use of the novel instrumented retractor resulted in significantly lower average and peak retraction forces during lateral thoracotomy. Moreover, these reduced retraction forces were correlated with reductions in animal stress and tissue damage, as documented by lower systolic blood pressures and fewer rib fractures.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY}, author={Bolotin, Gil and Buckner, Gregory D. and Jardine, Nicholas J. and Kiefer, Aaron J. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Kocherginsky, Masha and Raman, Jai and Jeevanandam, Valluvan}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={949–954} }
 @article{little_brown_campbell_moeser_davis_blikslager_2007, title={Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meloxicam on recovery of ischemia-injured equine jejunum}, volume={68}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.68.6.614}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.68.6.614}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Little, Dianne and Brown, S. Aubrey and Campbell, Nigel B. and Moeser, Adam J. and Davis, Jennifer L. and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={614–624} }
 @article{davis_papich_morton_gayle_blikslager_campbell_2007, title={Pharmacokinetics of etodolac in the horse following oral and intravenous administration}, volume={30}, ISSN={0140-7783 1365-2885}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00811.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00811.x}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of etodolac following oral and intravenous administration to six horses. Additionally,in vitrocyclooxygenase (COX) selectivity assays were performed using equine whole blood. Using a randomized two‐way crossover design, horses were administered etodolac (20 mg/kg) orally or intravenously, with a minimum 3‐week washout period. Plasma samples were collected after administration for analysis using high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Following intravenous administration, etodolac had a mean plasma half‐life (t1/2) of 2.67 h, volume of distribution (Vd) of 0.29 L/kg and clearance (Cl) of 234.87 mL/h kg. Following oral administration, the average maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 32.57 μg/mL with at1/2of 3.02 h. Bioavailability was approximately 77.02%. Results ofin vitroCOX selectivity assays showed that etodolac was only slightly selective for COX‐2 with a COX‐1/COX‐2 selectivity ratio effective concentration (EC)50of 4.32 and for EC80of 4.77. This study showed that etodolac is well absorbed in the horse after oral administration, and may offer a useful alternative for anti‐inflammatory treatment of various conditions in the horse.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Davis, J. L. and Papich, M. G. and Morton, A. J. and Gayle, J. and Blikslager, A. T. and Campbell, N. B.}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={43–48} }
 @article{morton_campbell_gayle_redding_blikslager_2005, title={Preferential and non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors reduce inflammation during lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis}, volume={78}, ISSN={0034-5288}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.07.006}, DOI={10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.07.006}, abstractNote={Synovitis in horses is frequently treated by administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which inhibit cyclooxygenase isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2). Constitutively expressed COX-1 is involved in physiologic functions such as maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity, whereas COX-2 is up-regulated at sites of inflammation. Thus, COX-2 inhibitors reduce inflammation with reduced gastrointestinal side effects as compared to non-selective COX inhibitors. The objective of the present study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of the preferential COX-2 inhibitor etodolac with the non-selective COX inhibitor phenylbutazone in horses with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synovitis. Three groups of horses (n = 6) received no treatment, phenylbutazone (4.4 mg/kg, IV, q12h), or etodolac (23 mg/kg, IV, q12h), respectively, 2-h following injection of LPS into one middle carpal joint. Synovial fluid was analyzed for white blood cell (WBC) count, and TXB2 and PGE2 levels. Phenylbutazone and etodolac significantly reduced WBC count 6 and 24-h following injection of LPS compared to untreated horses. In addition, both drugs significantly reduced PGE2 levels (P < 0.05) 6-h following LPS injection, whereas the probable COX-1 prostanoid TXB2 was significantly reduced by phenylbutazone (P < 0.05), but not etodolac. Etodolac may serve as a more selective anti-inflammatory agent than phenylbutazone for treatment of equine synovitis.}, number={2}, journal={Research in Veterinary Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Morton, Alison J. and Campbell, Nigel B. and Gayle, J’mai M. and Redding, W. Rich and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={189–192} }
 @article{gardner_cook_jortner_troan_sharp_campbell_brownie_2005, title={Stringhalt associated with a pasture infested with Hypochoeris radicata}, volume={17}, DOI={10.1111/j.2042-3292.2005.tb00349.x}, abstractNote={Equine Veterinary EducationVolume 17, Issue 3 p. 118-122 Stringhalt associated with a pasture infested with Hypochoeris radicata S. Y. Gardner, Corresponding Author S. Y. Gardner Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USADepartment of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorA. G. Cook, A. G. Cook Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Tech and University of Maryland, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA Davie County Large Animal Hospital, 928 Farmington Rd, Mocksville, North Carolina 27028, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. S. Jortner, B. S. Jortner Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Tech and University of Maryland, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. V. Troan, B. V. Troan Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorN. J. H. Sharp, N. J. H. Sharp Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA Animal Critical Care Group, 1410 Boundary Road, Burnaby, British Columbia V5K 4V3, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorN. B. Campbell, N. B. Campbell Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorC. F. Brownie, C. F. Brownie Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this author S. Y. Gardner, Corresponding Author S. Y. Gardner Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USADepartment of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorA. G. Cook, A. G. Cook Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Tech and University of Maryland, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA Davie County Large Animal Hospital, 928 Farmington Rd, Mocksville, North Carolina 27028, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. S. Jortner, B. S. Jortner Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Tech and University of Maryland, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. V. Troan, B. V. Troan Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorN. J. H. Sharp, N. J. H. Sharp Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA Animal Critical Care Group, 1410 Boundary Road, Burnaby, British Columbia V5K 4V3, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorN. B. Campbell, N. B. Campbell Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this authorC. F. Brownie, C. F. Brownie Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 05 January 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2005.tb00349.xCitations: 9 AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume17, Issue3June 2005Pages 118-122 RelatedInformation}, number={3}, journal={Equine Veterinary Education}, author={Gardner, S. Y. and Cook, A. G. and Jortner, B. S. and Troan, B. V. and Sharp, N. J. H. and Campbell, N. B. and Brownie, C. F.}, year={2005}, pages={118–122} }
 @article{campbell_ruaux_shifflett_steiner_williams_blikslager_2004, title={Physiological concentrations of bile salts inhibit recovery of ischemic-injured porcine ileum}, volume={287}, ISSN={0193-1857 1522-1547}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00310.2003}, DOI={10.1152/ajpgi.00310.2003}, abstractNote={We have previously shown rapid in vitro recovery of barrier function in porcine ischemic-injured ileal mucosa, attributable principally to reductions in paracellular permeability. However, these experiments did not take into account the effects of luminal contents, such as bile salts. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the role of physiological concentrations of deoxycholic acid in recovery of mucosal barrier function. Porcine ileum was subjected to 45 min of ischemia, after which mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and exposed to varying concentrations of deoxycholic acid. The ischemic episode resulted in significant reductions in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), which recovered to control levels of TER within 120 min, associated with significant reductions in mucosal-to-serosal3H-labeled mannitol flux. However, treatment of ischemic-injured tissues with 10−5M deoxycholic acid significantly inhibited recovery of TER with significant increases in mucosal-to-serosal3H-labeled mannitol flux, whereas 10−6M deoxycholic acid had no effect. Histological evaluation at 120 min revealed complete restitution regardless of treatment, indicating that the breakdown in barrier function was due to changes in paracellular permeability. Similar effects were noted with the application of 10−5M taurodeoxycholic acid, and the effects of deoxycholic acid were reversed with application of the Ca2+-mobilizing agent thapsigargin. Deoxycholic acid at physiological concentrations significantly impairs recovery of epithelial barrier function by an effect on paracellular pathways, and these effects appear to be Ca2+dependent.}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology}, publisher={American Physiological Society}, author={Campbell, Nigel B. and Ruaux, Craig G. and Shifflett, Donnie E. and Steiner, Jöerg M. and Williams, David A. and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2004}, month={Aug}, pages={G399–G407} }
 @article{campbell_jones_blikslager_2002, title={The effects of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors on bile-injured and normal equine colon}, volume={34}, ISSN={["0425-1644"]}, DOI={10.2746/042516402776117737}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={5}, journal={EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL}, author={Campbell, NB and Jones, SL and Blikslager, AT}, year={2002}, month={Jul}, pages={493–498} }
 @article{campbell_blikslager_2000, title={The role of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in repair of ischaemic-injured jejunal mucosa in the horse}, ISBN={0425-1644}, DOI={10.1111/j.2042-3306.2000.tb05335.x}, abstractNote={Summary}, journal={Equine Veterinary Journal}, author={Campbell, N. B. and Blikslager, A. T.}, year={2000}, pages={59} }
 @article{schramme_hunter_campbell_blikslager_smith, title={surgical tendonitis model in horses: Techinque, clinical, ultrasonographic and histological characterisation}, volume={23}, number={4}, journal={Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology}, author={Schramme, M. and Hunter, S. and Campbell, N. and Blikslager, A. and Smith, R.}, pages={231–239} }