@article{yan_zhou_cheng_orenstein_zhu_yildiz_bradford_jur_wu_dirican_et al._2022, title={Interconnected cathode-electrolyte double-layer enabling continuous Li-ion conduction throughout solid-state Li-S battery}, volume={44}, ISSN={["2405-8297"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ensm.2021.10.014}, abstractNote={All-solid-state lithium (Li) batteries with high energy density are a promising solution for the next-generation energy storage systems in large-scale devices. To simultaneously overcome the challenges of poor ionic conduction of solid electrolytes and shuttling of active materials, we introduce a functional electrolyte-cathode bilayer framework with interconnected LLAZO channels from the electrolyte into the cathode for advanced solid-state Li-S batteries. Differing from the traditional solid-state batteries with separated layer compositions, the introduced bilayer framework provides ultrafast and continuous ion/electron conduction. Instead of transferring Li+ across the polymer and garnet phases which involve huge interfacial resistance, Li+ is directly conducted through the LLAZO channels created continuously from the cathode layer to the solid electrolyte layer, significantly shortening the diffusion distance and facilitating the redox reaction of sulfur and sulfides. A stable cycle life is demonstrated in the prototype Li-S solid-state batteries assembled with the introduced [email protected] interconnected bilayer framework. High capacity is obtained at room temperature, indicating the superior electrochemical properties of the bilayer framework that result from the unique design of the interconnected LLAZO garnet phase.}, journal={ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS}, author={Yan, Chaoyi and Zhou, Ying and Cheng, Hui and Orenstein, Raphael and Zhu, Pei and Yildiz, Ozkan and Bradford, Philip and Jur, Jesse and Wu, Nianqiang and Dirican, Mahmut and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jan}, pages={136–144} }
 @article{yildiz_lubna_ramesh_ozturk_bradford_2022, title={Microporous vertically aligned CNT nanocomposites with tunable properties for use in flexible heat sinks}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2468-2179"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jsamd.2022.100509}, abstractNote={Effective thermal management of electronic systems depends on the heat transfer efficiency or the heat dissipation capability and the thermal conductivity of heat sink components, which has a critical impact on the performance of the devices. The rapidly growing field of microelectronics creates an enormous need for next-generation flexible, lightweight heat sinks. In this work, flexible, microporous nanocomposites are fabricated utilizing a unique yet easily tunable processing method, targeting heat-sink applications. The highly porous and low-density nanohybrid structures were fabricated in a unique processing technique using conformally pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coated vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) infiltration. Simply by varying the concentration of the PDMS in the VACNT structure, the microporosity can be tuned from 50% to 93%, and at the same time, the density of the structure varies from 0.11 g/cm3 to 0.51 g/cm3. The through-thickness thermal conductivity of the VACNT – PDMS nanocomposites did not vary substantially with increasing PDMS concentration, and the highest performance samples exhibited 14.1 W/mK thermal conductivity. The highly flexible nanocomposite structure also showed excellent mechanical resiliency and exhibited complete recovery from 80% compressive strain. The final heat-sink structure with fins was fabricated by a controlled laser etching technique. Analysis of the flexible VACNT array heat sink showed a significant ∼27% reduction in thermal resistance with an air velocity of 1.5 m/s and about ∼40% improvement in the output performance of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) on which it was mounted. The high thermal conductivity of VACNTs and the large surface area provided by the microporous structure, as well as the laser-etched fins, all together contributed to better thermal management performance.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES}, author={Yildiz, Ozkan and Lubna, Mostakima M. and Ramesh, Viswanath P. and Ozturk, Mehmet and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{spencer_yildiz_kamboj_bradford_augustyn_2021, title={Toward Deterministic 3D Energy Storage Electrode Architectures via Electrodeposition of Molybdenum Oxide onto CNT Foams}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1520-5029"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c02352}, abstractNote={Three-dimensional (3D) deterministic design of electrodes could enable simultaneous high energy and power density for electrochemical energy storage devices. The goal of such electrode architectures is to provide adequate charge (electron and ion) transport pathways for high power, while maintaining high active material loading (>10 mg cm–2) for high areal and volumetric capacities. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate such electrodes with processes that are both scalable and reproducible. Toward this end, here, we demonstrate how the fabrication of such an electrode is made possible by combining tunable, free-standing, and aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) foams with aqueous electrodeposition of a model intercalation-type transition metal oxide, MoO3. Morphological characterization including X-ray microcomputed tomography indicates that the obtained composite is homogeneous. Electrodes with an active mass loading of up to 18 mg cm–2 reached near-theoretical Li-ion intercalation capacities within 1.7 h. The highest-mass loading electrodes also led to areal and volumetric capacities of 4.5 mA h cm–2 and 290 mA h cm–3, respectively, with 55% capacity retention for charge/discharge times of 10 min. Overall, this work demonstrates a scalable, deterministic 3D electrode design strategy using electrodeposition and free-standing, aligned CNT foams that lead to high areal and volumetric capacities and good rate performance due to well-distributed charge transport pathways.}, number={19}, journal={ENERGY & FUELS}, author={Spencer, Michael A. and Yildiz, Ozkan and Kamboj, Ishita and Bradford, Philip D. and Augustyn, Veronica}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={16183–16193} }
 @article{wang_yildiz_li_aly_qiu_jiang_pui_chen_bradford_2020, title={High temperature carbon nanotube - Nanofiber hybrid filters}, volume={236}, ISSN={["1873-3794"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116255}, abstractNote={Novel hybrid filters composed of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets, sandwiched between electrospun polyimide (PI) nanofiber membranes serving as the supporting layers, were fabricated for the capture of fine particles. The CNT sheets and PI nanofiber membranes were thermally bonded together by melting electrospun polyetherimide (PEI) nanofibers. Two different kinds of filter structures were prepared, where multiple layers of aligned CNT sheets were either stacked together on top of each other or separated from each other by a PEI layer. The filtration performance tests showed that the filtration efficiency increased with increasing number of CNT sheets. The maximum filtration efficiency reached 99.99% at 5.3 cm/s face velocity for 0.3 μm particles by the 4-layer CNT filter, while the pressure drop was only 120 Pa. In mechanical testing, the CNT sheets also reinforced the hybrid filters, even though the PI nanofiber membrane already had relatively high mechanical properties. The tensile strength of the 4-layer CNT hybrid filters was 9 MPa, reaching the highest tier of strength reported for nanofiber membranes. In addition to high efficiency and low pressure drop, the hybrid all-nanofiber filters are also targeted for use in hot gas filtration applications where temperatures reach 200–250 °C.}, journal={SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY}, author={Wang, Qiannan and Yildiz, Ozkan and Li, Ang and Aly, Karim and Qiu, Yiping and Jiang, Qiuran and Pui, David Y. H. and Chen, Sheng-Chieh and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{li_yildiz_mills_flewwellin_bradford_jur_2020, title={Iron-on carbon nanotube (CNT) thin films for biosensing E-Textile applications}, volume={168}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.057}, abstractNote={Conductive carbon nanotube-thermoplastic polyurethane (CNT-TPU) composite thin films are patterned and integrated onto knitted textile substrates to form electronic textile (E-Textile) dry electrodes. Vertically aligned CNT arrays are mechanically drawn into thin CNT sheets and infiltrated with a TPU solution to form the CNT-TPU thin films. The CNT-TPU thin films are then heat laminated onto knitted textile substrates to form dry E-Textile electrodes. To understand the wearability of our CNT-TPU thin films we perform an in-depth analysis of the films’ electromechanical properties, electrical impedance, and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensing performance. The electromechanical coupling between the CNT thin films and knitted textile substrates show a strong anisotropic dependence between the CNT film alignment and textile knit structure. Further analysis into the CNT thin films reveal that larger electrode sizes with a larger number of CNT sheet layers in the film, lead to more favorable impedance behaviors and ECG sensing capabilities. As a wearable demonstration, we fabricate a textile arm sleeve integrated with CNT thin film electrodes to form an ECG sensing E-Textile system. The proposed E-Textile sleeve demonstrates the practicality of our CNT thin films and show promise for other E-Textile and wearable applications.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Li, Braden M. and Yildiz, Ozkan and Mills, Amanda C. and Flewwellin, Tashana J. and Bradford, Philip D. and Jur, Jesse S.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={673–683} }
 @article{yildiz_dirican_fang_fu_jia_stano_zhang_bradford_2019, title={Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Fabrics with Sacrificial Nanofibers for Flexible High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes}, volume={166}, ISSN={["1945-7111"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/26924627/}, DOI={10.1149/2.0821902jes}, abstractNote={Silicon is one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries because of its highest known theoretical charge capacity (4,200 mAh g−1). However, it has found limited application in commercial batteries because of the significant volume change (up to 400%) of silicon during cycling, which results in pulverization and capacity fading. Here, we present a new method to develop a silicon - carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid anode architecture using CNT-polymer nanofiber hybridization method. The anode material is produced by electrospinning PMMA-Si nanofibers onto aligned CNT sheets, which are drawn on a grounded, rotating take-up roller, and then subsequently decomposing the PMMA electrospun fibers at elevated temperature to create a uniform distribution of Si particles within the CNT sheets. The whole structure is then coated with pyrolytic carbon via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The architecture provides sufficient space to accommodate the volume expansion of the Si nanoparticles. The CVD pyrolytic carbon coating helps to anchor the Si nanoparticles within CNT sheets and stabilize solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) formation. The novel freestanding, binder free CNT-Si-C sheet hybrid exhibited improved performance in terms of excellent cycling capacity (1470 mAh g−1), high coulombic efficiency (98%), and good capacity retention of 88% after 150 cycles.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Yildiz, Ozkan and Dirican, Mahmut and Fang, Xiaomeng and Fu, Kun and Jia, Hao and Stano, Kelly and Zhang, Xiangwu and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={A473–A479} }
 @article{ho_yildiz_bradford_zhu_fedkiw_2018, title={A silicon-impregnated carbon nanotube mat as a lithium-ion cell anode}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1572-8838"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10800-017-1140-8}, abstractNote={Silicon is a widely researched material for the anodes of lithium-ion batteries due to its high practical charge capacity of 3600 mAh g−1, which is ~ 10 times the specific capacity of conventional graphitic materials. However, silicon degrades rapidly in use due to its volumetric changes during charge/discharge of the battery, which makes it necessary to use complicated or costly methods to ameliorate capacity loss. Here, we report a novel silicon anode fabrication technique, which involves winding an aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheet and commensurately infiltrating it in situ with an aqueous solution containing silicon nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl guar binder. The resulting infiltrated felts were processed, evaluated, and compared to conventional silicon–carbon black anodes with the same carbon, silicon, and binder content as a proof of concept study. The felts had a large initial reversible capacity and promising rate capability. It is likely that the conductive CNT structure improved the charge transfer properties while lessening the effects of silicon volumetric expansion during lithiation. The results demonstrate that this novel anode fabrication method is viable and may be explored for further optimization. A novel fabrication method is described for the negative electrode for a lithium-ion battery: a CNT mat is formed by a drawing operation from a CNT vertical array while simultaneously being impregnated with a solution containing silicon nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl guar gum binder. The resulting CNT–Si anode structure shows improved lifetime cycling performance compared to traditional slurry-based silicon anodes.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY}, author={Ho, David N. and Yildiz, Ozkan and Bradford, Philip and Zhu, Yuntian and Fedkiw, Peter S.}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={127–133} }
 @article{faraji_stano_akyildiz_yildiz_jur_bradford_2018, title={Modifying the morphology and properties of aligned CNT foams through secondary CNT growth}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1361-6528"]}, DOI={10.1088/1361-6528/aac03c}, abstractNote={In this work, we report for the first time, growth of secondary carbon nanotubes (CNTs) throughout a three-dimensional assembly of CNTs. The assembly of nanotubes was in the form of aligned CNT/carbon (ACNT/C) foams. These low-density CNT foams were conformally coated with an alumina buffer layer using atomic layer deposition. Chemical vapor deposition was further used to grow new CNTs. The CNT foam’s extremely high porosity allowed for growth of secondary CNTs inside the bulk of the foams. Due to the heavy growth of new nanotubes, density of the foams increased more than 2.5 times. Secondary nanotubes had the same graphitic quality as the primary CNTs. Microscopy and chemical analysis revealed that the thickness of the buffer layer affected the diameter, nucleation density as well as growth uniformity across the thickness of the foams. The effects of secondary nanotubes on the compressive mechanical properties of the foams was also investigated.}, number={29}, journal={NANOTECHNOLOGY}, author={Faraji, Shaghayegh and Stano, Kelly and Akyildiz, Halil and Yildiz, Ozkan and Jur, Jesse S. and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2018}, month={Jul} }
 @article{he_yoo_meng_yildiz_bradford_park_gao_2017, title={Engineering biorefinery residues from loblolly pine for supercapacitor applications}, volume={120}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.056}, abstractNote={Recycling agricultural waste biomass into high-value-added products is of great importance to offset the cost of biofuel production. Here, we make biochar-based activated carbons (BACs) from loblolly pine chips via different carbonization recipes and chemical activations. BACs were then assembled into electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) as electrode materials. Surprisingly, pyrolysis at lower temperatures (300 °C and 350 °C) rendered better electrochemical performance of BACs than those done at higher temperatures (500 °C and 700 °C). This is mainly due to the large surface area and high pore volume generated at the lower temperatures. Among all the pyrolysis recipes, flash pyrolysis at 300 °C produced the BAC with the highest specific capacitance (74 F g−1 at 20 mV s−1), exceeding the specific capacitance of commercial activated carbon (NORIT®) by 45%. This report demonstrates the great potential of our refinery recipe to engineer BACs from the sustainable, affordable, and abundant natural wastes for energy-storage applications, which opens the door for a group of biorefinery residues for value-added applications.}, journal={CARBON}, author={He, Nanfei and Yoo, Seunghyun and Meng, Jiajia and Yildiz, Ozkan and Bradford, Philip D. and Park, Sunkyu and Gao, Wei}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={304–312} }
 @article{fang_li_yildiz_shao_bradford_ghosh_2017, title={Enhanced anisotropic response of dielectric elastomer actuators with microcombed and etched carbon nanotube sheet electrodes}, volume={120}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.067}, abstractNote={Dielectric elastomers (DE), also known as dielectric electroactive polymers offer tremendous potential in a wide-ranging applications including microrobotics and wearable responsive systems. The real-world application of DEs, however, has been limited by a number of factors, including facile means of producing directional stress/strain. As a critical component of the DE actuator, the electrodes should have high electrical conductance under finite in-plane deformation, good electromechanical stability, and ease of shaping based on the design requirements. In this work we investigate highly aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets as electrodes in DE actuators to yield anisotropic electromechanical response. The morphology of CNT sheets were altered by microcombing and selective laser etching to enhance mechanical anisotropy. The enhancement of CNT sheets alignment results in almost pure unidirectional strain of 33% at a relatively moderate electric field. The results demonstrate that the deformation anisotropy of DE actuators can be significantly improved by directional laser etching of the electrodes rather than microcombing alone.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Fang, Xiaomeng and Li, Ang and Yildiz, Ozkan and Shao, Huiqi and Bradford, Philip D. and Ghosh, Tushar K.}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={366–373} }
 @article{yu_zhang_yildiz_deng_zhao_bradford_li_zhu_2017, title={Investigation of microcombing parameters in enhancing the properties of carbon nanotube yarns}, volume={134}, ISSN={["1873-4197"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.matdes.2017.08.035}, abstractNote={Microcombing has been reported as a novel processing approach for reducing waviness and improving alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which effectively enhances the performance of materials made from CNT sheets. In this study, we have systematically investigated the effects of microcombing parameters on the properties of CNT yarns. It is found that the electrical and mechanical properties of CNT yarns first improved with increasing degree of microcombing and then degraded with over-combing. At the optimum degree of microcombing, the electrical conductivity, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of the CNT yarns were improved to 140%, 140%, and 230%, respectively, over those of uncombed yarns. The enhanced yarn properties were resulted from reduced nanotube waviness, improved CNT alignment and denser packing structure, which led to a more uniform yarn structure. On the other hand, over-combing degraded structural uniformity, resulting in lower electrical and mechanical properties. These observations are expected to help with future selection of microcombing parameters for producing high-quality CNT yarns and polymer-CNT composite yarns for superior electrical and mechanical properties.}, journal={MATERIALS & DESIGN}, author={Yu, Yingying and Zhang, Liwen and Yildiz, Ozkan and Deng, Haotian and Zhao, Changhao and Bradford, Philip D. and Li, Jianying and Zhu, Yuntian}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={181–187} }
 @article{he_yildiz_pan_zhu_zhang_bradford_gao_2017, title={Pyrolytic-carbon coating in carbon nanotube foams for better performance in supercapacitors}, volume={343}, ISSN={["1873-2755"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/19584407/}, DOI={10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.091}, abstractNote={Nowadays, the wide-spread adoption of supercapacitors has been hindered by their inferior energy density to that of batteries. Here we report the use of our pyrolytic-carbon-coated carbon nanotube foams as lightweight, compressible, porous, and highly conductive current collectors in supercapacitors, which are infiltrated with chemically-reduced graphene oxide and later compressed via mechanical and capillary forces to generate the active electrodes. The pyrolytic carbon coatings, introduced by chemical vapor infiltration, wrap around the CNT junctions and increase the surface roughness. When active materials are infiltrated, the pyrolytic-carbon coatings help prevent the π-stacking, enlarge the accessible surface area, and increase the electrical conductivity of the scaffold. Our best-performing device offers 48% and 57% higher gravimetric energy and power density, 14% and 23% higher volumetric energy and power density, respectively, and two times higher knee frequency, than the device with commercial current collectors, while the “true-performance metrics” are strictly followed in our measurements. We have further clarified the solution resistance, charge transfer resistance/capacitance, double-layer capacitance, and Warburg resistance in our system via comprehensive impedance analysis, which will shed light on the design and optimization of similar systems.}, journal={JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={He, Nanfei and Yildiz, Ozkan and Pan, Qin and Zhu, Jiadeng and Zhang, Xiangwu and Bradford, Philip D. and Gao, Wei}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={492–501} }
 @article{faraji_yildiz_rost_stano_farahbakhsh_zhu_bradford_2017, title={Radial growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in aligned sheets through cyclic carbon deposition and graphitization}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2016.10.012}, abstractNote={Carbon coated aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube (AMWCNT/C) sheets were used for studying the controlled radial growth of MWCNTs. Pyrolytic carbon (PyC) was deposited on the surface of nanotubes using multiple cycles of chemical vapor infiltration. Morphological and structural characterization showed that when graphitization was done in one step, after the deposition of multiple cycles of PyC, the presence of a large amount of disordered carbon on the surface of nanotubes led to a poorly graphitized coating structure that did not resembled nanotube walls anymore. Graphitization of the AMWCNT/C sheets after each deposition cycle prevented the development of disordered carbon during the subsequent PyC deposition cycles. Using the cyclic-graphitization method, thick PyC coating layers were successfully graphitized into a crystalline structure that could not be differentiated from the original nanotube walls. TEM observation and X-ray data confirmed radial growth of nanotubes, while spectra collected from Raman spectroscopy revealed that radially grown CNTs had the same quality as graphitized pristine nanotubes. The focus of this study was to compare the effect of cyclic graphitization with a one-step graphitization method to gain insight on the necessary parameters needed to radially grow high quality CNTs.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Faraji, Shaghayegh and Yildiz, Ozkan and Rost, Christina and Stano, Kelly and Farahbakhsh, Nasim and Zhu, Yuntian and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2017}, month={Jan}, pages={411–418} }
 @article{stano_faraji_yildiz_akyildiz_bradford_jur_2017, title={Strong and resilient alumina nanotube and CNT/alumina hybrid foams with tuneable elastic properties}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2046-2069"]}, DOI={10.1039/c7ra02452e}, abstractNote={Alumina foams from anisotropic structured carbon nanotube structures are studied for their unique mechanical and thermal performance characteristics.}, number={45}, journal={RSC ADVANCES}, author={Stano, Kelly L. and Faraji, Shaghayegh and Yildiz, Ozkan and Akyildiz, Halil and Bradford, Philip D. and Jur, Jesse S.}, year={2017}, pages={27923–27931} }
 @article{stano_faraji_hodges_yildiz_wells_akyildiz_zhao_jur_bradford_2016, title={Ultralight Interconnected Metal Oxide Nanotube Networks}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1613-6829"]}, DOI={10.1002/smll.201503267}, abstractNote={Record-breaking ultralow density aluminum oxide structures are prepared using a novel templating technique. The alumina structures are unique in that they are comprised by highly aligned and interconnected nanotubes yielding anisotropic behavior. Large-scale network structures with complex form-factors can easily be made using this technique. The application of the low density networks as humidity sensing materials as well as thermal insulation is demonstrated.}, number={18}, journal={SMALL}, author={Stano, Kelly L. and Faraji, Shaghayegh and Hodges, Ryan and Yildiz, Ozkan and Wells, Brian and Akyildiz, Halil I. and Zhao, Junjie and Jur, Jesse and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={2432–2438} }
 @article{cakmak_fang_yildiz_bradford_ghosh_2015, title={Carbon nanotube sheet electrodes for anisotropic actuation of dielectric elastomers}, volume={89}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2015.03.011}, abstractNote={The performance of dielectric electroactive polymer (D-EAP) based actuators depends critically on the electrode characteristics. Among the most challenging issues in the application of D-EAPs is the device-level complexity in producing sufficient directional actuation at acceptably low electric fields. In this work, a simple carbon nanotube (CNT) based electrode for D-EAP actuators is demonstrated that vastly improves directional strain response originating from the mechanical anisotropy of the electrode material. In this novel approach, highly aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheet electrodes are applied on acrylate adhesive films show high directed linear actuation strain of greater than 40% at a relatively low electric field (100 V μm−1). The fiber-oriented CNT sheet applied around the D-EAP film, exhibits strong interaction between CNT fibers in the electrode and the D-EAP film to produce a robust conductive-nanolayer at the interface, on actuation cycling. The design paradigm provides a great potential for the fabrication of soft linear actuators.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Cakmak, Enes and Fang, Xiaomeng and Yildiz, Ozkan and Bradford, Philip D. and Ghosh, Tushar K.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={113–120} }
 @article{dirican_lu_ge_yildiz_zhang_2015, title={Carbon-Confined Sno(2)-Electrodeposited Porous Carbon Nanofiber Composite as High-Capacity Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1944-8252"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/26924673/}, DOI={10.1021/acsami.5b04338}, abstractNote={Sodium resources are inexpensive and abundant, and hence, sodium-ion batteries are promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries. However, lower energy density and poor cycling stability of current sodium-ion batteries prevent their practical implementation for future smart power grid and stationary storage applications. Tin oxides (SnO2) can be potentially used as a high-capacity anode material for future sodium-ion batteries, and they have the advantages of high sodium storage capacity, high abundance, and low toxicity. However, SnO2-based anodes still cannot be used in practical sodium-ion batteries because they experience large volume changes during repetitive charge and discharge cycles. Such large volume changes lead to severe pulverization of the active material and loss of electrical contact between the SnO2 and carbon conductor, which in turn result in rapid capacity loss during cycling. Here, we introduce a new amorphous carbon-coated SnO2-electrodeposited porous carbon nanofiber (PCNF@SnO2@C) composite that not only has high sodium storage capability, but also maintains its structural integrity while ongoing repetitive cycles. Electrochemical results revealed that this SnO2-containing nanofiber composite anode had excellent electrochemical performance including high-capacity (374 mAh g(-1)), good capacity retention (82.7%), and large Coulombic efficiency (98.9% after 100th cycle).}, number={33}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Dirican, Mahmut and Lu, Yao and Ge, Yeqian and Yildiz, Ozkan and Zhang, Xiangwu}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={18387–18396} }
 @article{dirican_yildiz_lu_fang_jiang_kizil_zhang_2015, title={Flexible binder-free silicon/silica/carbon nanofiber composites as anode for lithium-ion batteries}, volume={169}, ISSN={["1873-3859"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.035}, DOI={10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.035}, abstractNote={High-capacity flexible electrode materials for high-energy lithium–ion batteries become critically important with technological improvements on portable and bendable electronic equipment such as rollup displays, implantable medical devices, active radio-frequency identification tags, and wearable devices. Although different types of bendable electrode materials have been introduced, it is very important to fabricate highly-flexible electrode materials with reasonable fabrication technique and high electrochemical performance similar to those of conventional high-capacity electrode materials. Herein, we introduced high-capacity, flexible Si/SiO2/C nanofiber composite anode materials by simple electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment processes. To further improve the long-term cycling performance, additional nanoscale carbon coating of flexible Si/SiO2/C nanofibers was performed by CVD technique. Electrochemical performance results showed that CVD carbon-coated flexible Si/SiO2/C nanofiber composites exhibited high capacity retention of 86.7% and high coulombic efficiency of 96.7% at the 50th cycle. It is, therefore, demonstrated that CVD carbon-coated flexible Si/SiO2/C nanofiber composites are promising anode material candidate for next-generation flexible and high-energy lithium–ion batteries.}, journal={ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Dirican, Mahmut and Yildiz, Ozkan and Lu, Yao and Fang, Xiaomeng and Jiang, Han and Kizil, Huseyin and Zhang, Xiangwu}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={52–60} }
 @article{yildiz_stano_faraji_stone_willis_zhang_jur_bradford_2015, title={High performance carbon nanotube - polymer nanofiber hybrid fabrics}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2040-3372"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/26924675/}, DOI={10.1039/c5nr02732b}, abstractNote={A novel hybridization process combining carbon nanotube sheet drawing and electrospinning is a versatile way to produce multifunctional, binder free fabrics which contain ultra high aspect ratio carbon nanotubes intermingled with polymer nanofibers.}, number={40}, journal={NANOSCALE}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Yildiz, Ozkan and Stano, Kelly and Faraji, Shaghayegh and Stone, Corinne and Willis, Colin and Zhang, Xiangwu and Jur, Jesse S. and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2015}, pages={16744–16754} }
 @article{faraji_stano_yildiz_li_zhu_bradford_2015, title={Ultralight anisotropic foams from layered aligned carbon nanotube sheets}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2040-3372"]}, DOI={10.1039/c5nr03899e}, abstractNote={A novel nanofabrication method is demonstrated to produce large size, elastically resilient, ultra-low density carbon nanotube foams (3.8 mg cm−3) with anisotropic and tunable properties. Potential applications of this unique material are explored.}, number={40}, journal={NANOSCALE}, author={Faraji, Shaghayegh and Stano, Kelly L. and Yildiz, Ozkan and Li, Ang and Zhu, Yuntian and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2015}, pages={17038–17047} }
 @article{dirican_yanilmaz_fu_yildiz_kizil_hu_zhang_2014, title={Carbon-Confined PVA-Derived Silicon/Silica/Carbon Nanofiber Composites as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries}, volume={161}, ISSN={["1945-7111"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/20548471/}, DOI={10.1149/2.0811414jes}, abstractNote={component of the composite anodes provided sufficient buffer function toaccommodate the volume expansion of the Si nanoparticles and the CVD amorphous carbon coating helped maintain the Sinanoparticleswithinthecarbonnanofibermatrixduringrepetitivecharginganddischargingprocesses.Electrochemicalperformancetests showed that the capacity retention of CVD carbon-coated Si/SiO}, number={14}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, publisher={The Electrochemical Society}, author={Dirican, Mahmut and Yanilmaz, Meltem and Fu, Kun and Yildiz, Ozkan and Kizil, Huseyin and Hu, Yi and Zhang, Xiangwu}, year={2014}, pages={A2197–A2203} }
 @article{fu_yildiz_bhanushali_wang_stano_xue_zhang_bradford_2013, title={Aligned Carbon Nanotube-Silicon Sheets: A Novel Nano-architecture for Flexible Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes}, volume={25}, ISSN={["1521-4095"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/7178364/}, DOI={10.1002/adma.201301920}, abstractNote={Aligned carbon nanotube sheets provide an engineered scaffold for the deposition of a silicon active material for lithium ion battery anodes. The sheets are low-density, allowing uniform deposition of silicon thin films while the alignment allows unconstrained volumetric expansion of the silicon, facilitating stable cycling performance. The flat sheet morphology is desirable for battery construction.}, number={36}, journal={ADVANCED MATERIALS}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Fu, Kun and Yildiz, Ozkan and Bhanushali, Hardik and Wang, Yongxin and Stano, Kelly and Xue, Leigang and Zhang, Xiangwu and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={5109–5114} }
 @article{yildiz_bradford_2013, title={Aligned carbon nanotube sheet high efficiency particulate air filters}, volume={64}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2013.07.066}, abstractNote={Aerosol filters, made with conventional micro-fiber fabrics, are designed to efficiently capture small particles from the air. Filters constructed of nano-fiber fabric structures provide even greater filtration efficiency than conventional micro-fiber fabrics due to their higher surface area and smaller pore size. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are very small diameter fibers that have the potential to be integrated into filters to further increase particle capture efficiency. In this study, CNT sheets, drawn from millimeter tall CNT arrays, were integrated between traditional micro-fiber fabrics to produce aerosol filters. The filtration performance of the novel filters showed that when the number of CNTs layers increased, the filtration efficiency increased dramatically, while the pressure drop also increased. In order to meet high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter requirements with a reasonable pressure drop, CNTs were laid in a cross-plied structure within the filter. The results demonstrated that the three layer cross-ply structure provided 99.98% filtration efficiency at 0.3 μm particle size at a 10 cm/s face velocity, making it a viable method for producing low basis weight HEPA filters utilizing CNTs as the main filtration component.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Yildiz, Ozkan and Bradford, Philip D.}, year={2013}, month={Nov}, pages={295–304} }
 @article{fu_xue_yildiz_li_lee_li_xu_zhou_bradford_zhang_et al._2013, title={Effect of CVD carbon coatings on Si@CNF composite as anode for lithium-ion batteries}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2211-3282"]}, url={https://publons.com/publon/7178363/}, DOI={10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.03.019}, abstractNote={Lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes with high capacity and binder free structure were synthesized from carbon nanofibers that contained silicon nanoparticles (Si@CNF). The particle filled nonwoven structures were produced by an electrospinning and subsequent carbonization process. Pristine Si@CNF composites had Si nanoparticles exposed on the fiber surface. As produced, the Si nanoparticles could become detached from the nanofiber surface during cycling, causing severe structural damage and capacity loss. In order to prevent Si from detaching from the nanofiber surface, the Si@CNF composite was then treated with a thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique to make Si completely coated with a carbon matrix. The carbon coated Si@CNF (Si@CNF-C) composites were synthesized with different Si contents (10, 30, and 50 wt%) for different CVD treatment times (30, 60, and 90 min). It was found that the initial coulombic efficiency of Si@CNF-C could be increased via the amorphous carbon by stabilizing solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) formation on surface. The capacity and cyclic stability were improved by the CVD carbon coating, especially for the 30 wt% Si@CNF-C composite with 90 min CVD coating, a CVD amorphous carbon coating of less than 1% by weight on Si@CNF composites contributed to more than 200% improvement in cycling performance. Results indicate that the CVD carbon coating is an effective approach to improve the electrochemical properties of Si@CNF composites making this a potential route to obtain high-energy density anode materials for LIBs.}, number={5}, journal={NANO ENERGY}, author={Fu, K. and Xue, L. G. and Yildiz, O. and Li, S. L. and Lee, H. and Li, Y. and Xu, G. J. and Zhou, L. and Bradford, P. D. and Zhang, Xiangwu and et al.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={976–986} }
 @article{yildiz_cerkez_kocer_worley_broughton_huang_2013, title={N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide as a multifunctional finish to cotton and a tether for grafting methacrylamide for biocidal coatings}, volume={128}, ISSN={["1097-4628"]}, DOI={10.1002/app.38692}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE}, author={Yildiz, Ozkan and Cerkez, Idris and Kocer, Hasan B. and Worley, S. D. and Broughton, R. M. and Huang, T. S.}, year={2013}, month={Jun}, pages={4405–4410} }