@misc{gornicki_lambrinow_golkar-narenji_data_domagala_niebora_farzaneh_mozdziak_zabel_antosik_et al._2024, title={Biomimetic Scaffolds-A Novel Approach to Three Dimensional Cell Culture Techniques for Potential Implementation in Tissue Engineering}, volume={14}, ISSN={["2079-4991"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/6/531}, DOI={10.3390/nano14060531}, abstractNote={Biomimetic scaffolds imitate native tissue and can take a multidimensional form. They are biocompatible and can influence cellular metabolism, making them attractive bioengineering platforms. The use of biomimetic scaffolds adds complexity to traditional cell cultivation methods. The most commonly used technique involves cultivating cells on a flat surface in a two-dimensional format due to its simplicity. A three-dimensional (3D) format can provide a microenvironment for surrounding cells. There are two main techniques for obtaining 3D structures based on the presence of scaffolding. Scaffold-free techniques consist of spheroid technologies. Meanwhile, scaffold techniques contain organoids and all constructs that use various types of scaffolds, ranging from decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) through hydrogels that are one of the most extensively studied forms of potential scaffolds for 3D culture up to 4D bioprinted biomaterials. 3D bioprinting is one of the most important techniques used to create biomimetic scaffolds. The versatility of this technique allows the use of many different types of inks, mainly hydrogels, as well as cells and inorganic substances. Increasing amounts of data provide evidence of vast potential of biomimetic scaffolds usage in tissue engineering and personalized medicine, with the main area of potential application being the regeneration of skin and musculoskeletal systems. Recent papers also indicate increasing amounts of in vivo tests of products based on biomimetic scaffolds, which further strengthen the importance of this branch of tissue engineering and emphasize the need for extensive research to provide safe for humansbiomimetic tissues and organs. In this review article, we provide a review of the recent advancements in the field of biomimetic scaffolds preceded by an overview of cell culture technologies that led to the development of biomimetic scaffold techniques as the most complex type of cell culture.}, number={6}, journal={NANOMATERIALS}, author={Gornicki, Tomasz and Lambrinow, Jakub and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Data, Krzysztof and Domagala, Dominika and Niebora, Julia and Farzaneh, Maryam and Mozdziak, Paul and Zabel, Maciej and Antosik, Pawel and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @misc{bryl_kulus_bryja_domagala_mozdziak_antosik_bukowska_zabel_dziegiel_kempisty_2024, title={Cardiac progenitor cell therapy: mechanisms of action}, volume={14}, ISSN={["2045-3701"]}, DOI={10.1186/s13578-024-01211-x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={CELL AND BIOSCIENCE}, author={Bryl, Rut and Kulus, Magdalena and Bryja, Artur and Domagala, Dominika and Mozdziak, Paul and Antosik, Pawel and Bukowska, Dorota and Zabel, Maciej and Dziegiel, Piotr and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @misc{domagala_data_szyller_farzaneh_mozdziak_wozniak_zabel_dziegiel_kempisty_2024, title={Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm-Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/13/3/274}, DOI={10.3390/cells13030274}, abstractNote={A disturbance of the structure of the aortic wall results in the formation of aortic aneurysm, which is characterized by a significant bulge on the vessel surface that may have consequences, such as distention and finally rupture. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major pathological condition because it affects approximately 8% of elderly men and 1.5% of elderly women. The pathogenesis of AAA involves multiple interlocking mechanisms, including inflammation, immune cell activation, protein degradation and cellular malalignments. The expression of inflammatory factors, such as cytokines and chemokines, induce the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the wall of the aorta, including macrophages, natural killer cells (NK cells) and T and B lymphocytes. Protein degradation occurs with a high expression not only of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) but also of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and chymases. The loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to cell apoptosis and phenotype switching reduces tissue density and may contribute to AAA. It is important to consider the key mechanisms of initiating and promoting AAA to achieve better preventative and therapeutic outcomes.}, number={3}, journal={CELLS}, author={Domagala, Dominika and Data, Krzysztof and Szyller, Hubert and Farzaneh, Maryam and Mozdziak, Paul and Wozniak, Slawomir and Zabel, Maciej and Dziegiel, Piotr and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{kulus_farzaneh_bryja_zehtabi_azizidoost_dari_golcar-narenji_ziemak_chwarzynski_piotrowska-kempisty_et al._2024, title={Phenotypic Transitions the Processes Involved in Regulation of Growth and Proangiogenic Properties of Stem Cells, Cancer Stem Cells and Circulating Tumor Cells}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2629-3277"]}, DOI={10.1007/s12015-024-10691-w}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Farzaneh, Maryam and Bryja, Artur and Zehtabi, Mojtaba and Azizidoost, Shirin and Dari, Mahrokh Abouali Gale and Golcar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Ziemak, Hanna and Chwarzynski, Mikolaj and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{stefanska_nemcova_blatkiewicz_pienkowski_rucinski_zabel_mozdziak_podhorska-okolow_dziegiel_kempisty_2023, title={Apoptosis Related Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Stem Cells Differentiation into Osteoblasts, Chondrocytes, Adipocytes and Neural-like Cells-Complete Transcriptomic Assays}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/12/10023}, DOI={10.3390/ijms241210023}, abstractNote={Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) exhibit multilineage differentiation potential, adhere to plastic, and express a specific set of surface markers—CD105, CD73, CD90. Although there are relatively well-established differentiation protocols for WJ-MSCs, the exact molecular mechanisms involved in their in vitro long-term culture and differentiation remain to be elucidated. In this study, the cells were isolated from Wharton’s jelly of umbilical cords obtained from healthy full-term deliveries, cultivated in vitro, and differentiated towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic lineages. RNA samples were isolated after the differentiation regimen and analyzed using an RNA sequencing (RNAseq) assay, which led to the identification of differentially expressed genes belonging to apoptosis-related ontological groups. ZBTB16 and FOXO1 were upregulated in all differentiated groups as compared to controls, while TGFA was downregulated in all groups. In addition, several possible novel marker genes associated with the differentiation of WJ-MSCs were identified (e.g., SEPTIN4, ITPR1, CNR1, BEX2, CD14, EDNRB). The results of this study provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the long-term culture in vitro and four-lineage differentiation of WJ-MSCs, which is crucial to utilize WJ-MSCs in regenerative medicine.}, number={12}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Stefanska, Katarzyna and Nemcova, Lucie and Blatkiewicz, Malgorzata and Pienkowski, Wojciech and Rucinski, Marcin and Zabel, Maciej and Mozdziak, Paul and Podhorska-Okolow, Marzenna and Dziegiel, Piotr and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{kulus_jankowski_kranc_narenji_farzaneh_dziegiel_zabel_antosik_bukowska_mozdziak_et al._2023, title={Bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers and in vitro meat production-current obstacles and potential solutions}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2296-861X"]}, DOI={10.3389/fnut.2023.1225233}, abstractNote={In vitro meat production presents a potential viable alternative for meat consumption, which could provide the consumer with a product indistinguishable from the original, with very similar nutritional and culinary values. Indeed, the alternative products currently accessible often lack comparable nutritional value or culinary attributes to their animal-derived counterparts. This creates challenges for their global acceptance, particularly in countries where meat consumption holds cultural significance. However, while cultured meat research has been progressing rapidly in recent years, some significant obstacles still need to be overcome before its possible commercialization. Hence, this review summarizes the most current knowledge regarding the history of cultured meat, the currently used cell sources and methods used for the purpose of in vitro meat production, with particular focus on the role of bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers in overcoming the current obstacles. The authors put the potential microcarrier and scaffold-based solutions in a context, discussing the ways in which they can impact the way forward for the technology, including the use of considering the potential practical and societal barriers to implementing it as a viable food source worldwide.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Jankowski, Maurycy and Kranc, Wieslawa and Narenji, Afsaneh Golkar and Farzaneh, Maryam and Dziegiel, Piotr and Zabel, Maciej and Antosik, Pawel and Bukowska, Dorota and Mozdziak, Paul and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @misc{data_kulus_ziemak_chwarzynski_piotrowska-kempisty_bukowska_antosik_mozdziak_kempisty_2023, title={Decellularization of Dense Regular Connective Tissue-Cellular and Molecular Modification with Applications in Regenerative Medicine}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/18/2293}, DOI={10.3390/cells12182293}, abstractNote={Healing of dense regular connective tissue, due to a high fiber-to-cell ratio and low metabolic activity and regeneration potential, frequently requires surgical implantation or reconstruction with high risk of reinjury. An alternative to synthetic implants is using bioscaffolds obtained through decellularization, a process where the aim is to extract cells from the tissue while preserving the tissue-specific native molecular structure of the ECM. Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other various extracellular molecules are largely involved in differentiation, proliferation, vascularization and collagen fibers deposit, making them the crucial processes in tissue regeneration. Because of the multiple possible forms of cell extraction, there is no standardized protocol in dense regular connective tissue (DRCT). Many modifications of the structure, shape and composition of the bioscaffold have also been described to improve the therapeutic result following the implantation of decellularized connective tissue. The available data provide a valuable source of crucial information. However, the wide spectrum of decellularization makes it important to understand the key aspects of bioscaffolds relative to their potential use in tissue regeneration.}, number={18}, journal={CELLS}, author={Data, Krzysztof and Kulus, Magdalena and Ziemak, Hanna and Chwarzynski, Mikolaj and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Pawel and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @misc{issa_jaber_rifai_mozdziak_kempisty_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_2023, title={Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Periapical Periodontitis on Two-Dimensional Radiographs: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1648-9144"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/4/768}, DOI={10.3390/medicina59040768}, abstractNote={This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in detecting apical pathosis on periapical radiographs. A total of twenty anonymized periapical radiographs were retrieved from the database of Poznan University of Medical Sciences. These radiographs displayed a sequence of 60 visible teeth. The evaluation of the radiographs was conducted using two methods (manual and automatic), and the results obtained from each technique were afterward compared. For the ground-truth method, one oral and maxillofacial radiology expert with more than ten years of experience and one trainee in oral and maxillofacial radiology evaluated the radiographs by classifying teeth as healthy and unhealthy. A tooth was considered unhealthy when periapical periodontitis related to this tooth had been detected on the radiograph. At the same time, a tooth was classified as healthy when no periapical radiolucency was detected on the periapical radiographs. Then, the same radiographs were evaluated by artificial intelligence, Diagnocat (Diagnocat Ltd., San Francisco, CA, USA). Diagnocat (Diagnocat Ltd., San Francisco, CA, USA) correctly identified periapical lesions on periapical radiographs with a sensitivity of 92.30% and identified healthy teeth with a specificity of 97.87%. The recorded accuracy and F1 score were 96.66% and 0.92, respectively. The artificial intelligence algorithm misdiagnosed one unhealthy tooth (false negative) and over-diagnosed one healthy tooth (false positive) compared to the ground-truth results. Diagnocat (Diagnocat Ltd., San Francisco, CA, USA) showed an optimum accuracy for detecting periapical periodontitis on periapical radiographs. However, more research is needed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based algorithms in dentistry.}, number={4}, journal={MEDICINA-LITHUANIA}, author={Issa, Julien and Jaber, Mouna and Rifai, Ismail and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @misc{jozkowiak_piotrowska-kempisty_kobylarek_gorska_mozdziak_kempisty_rachon_spaczynski_2023, title={Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Relevant Role of the Theca and Granulosa Cells in the Pathogenesis of the Ovarian Dysfunction}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/1/174}, DOI={10.3390/cells12010174}, abstractNote={Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common heterogeneous endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. The pathogenesis of PCOS remains elusive; however, there is evidence suggesting the potential contribution of genetic interactions or predispositions combined with environmental factors. Among these, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been proposed to potentially contribute to the etiology of PCOS. Granulosa and theca cells are known to cooperate to maintain ovarian function, and any disturbance can lead to endocrine disorders, such as PCOS. This article provides a review of the recent knowledge on PCOS pathophysiology, the role of granulosa and theca cells in PCOS pathogenesis, and the evidence linking exposure to EDCs with reproductive disorders such as PCOS.}, number={1}, journal={CELLS}, author={Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Kobylarek, Dominik and Gorska, Natalia and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Rachon, Dominik and Spaczynski, Robert Z.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{stefanska_nemcova_blatkiewicz_zok_kaczmarek_pienkowski_mozdziak_piotrowska-kempisty_kempisty_2023, title={Expression Profile of New Marker Genes Involved in Differentiation of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Chondrocytes, Osteoblasts, Adipocytes and Neural-like Cells}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/16/12939}, DOI={10.3390/ijms241612939}, abstractNote={Wharton’s jelly (WJ) contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibiting broad immunomodulatory properties and differentiation capacity, which makes them a promising tool for cellular therapies. Although the osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation is a gold standard for proper identification of MSCs, it is important to elucidate the exact molecular mechanisms governing these processes to develop safe and efficient cellular therapies. Umbilical cords were collected from healthy, full-term deliveries, for subsequent MSCs (WJ-MSCs) isolation. WJ-MSCs were cultivated in vitro for osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic differentiation. The RNA samples were isolated and the transcript levels were evaluated using NovaSeq platform, which led to the identification of differentially expressed genes. Expression of H19 and SLPI was enhanced in adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and NPPB was decreased in all analyzed groups compared to the control. KISS1 was down-regulated in adipocytes, chondrocytes, and neural-like cells compared to the control. The most of identified genes were already implicated in differentiation of MSCs; however, some genes (PROK1, OCA2) have not yet been associated with initiating final cell fate. The current results indicate that both osteo- and adipo-induced WJ-MSCs share many similarities regarding the most overexpressed genes, while the neuro-induced WJ-MSCs are quite distinctive from the other three groups. Overall, this study provides an insight into the transcriptomic changes occurring during the differentiation of WJ-MSCs and enables the identification of novel markers involved in this process, which may serve as a reference for further research exploring the role of these genes in physiology of WJ-MSCs and in regenerative medicine.}, number={16}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Stefanska, Katarzyna and Nemcova, Lucie and Blatkiewicz, Malgorzata and Zok, Agnieszka and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Pienkowski, Wojciech and Mozdziak, Paul and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_kulus_dziegiel_bukowska_mozdziak_kempisty_antosik_2023, title={Expression of genes regulating cell division in porcine follicular granulosa cells}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1747-1028"]}, DOI={10.1186/s13008-023-00094-7}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={CELL DIVISION}, author={Kulus, Jakub and Kranc, Wieslawa and Kulus, Magdalena and Dziegiel, Piotr and Bukowska, Dorota and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Antosik, Pawel}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{golkar-narenji_dziegiel_kempisty_petitte_mozdziak_bryja_2023, title={In vitro culture of reptile PGCS to preserve endangered species}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1095-8355"]}, DOI={10.1002/cbin.12033}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL}, author={Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Dziegiel, Piotr and Kempisty, Bartosz and Petitte, James and Mozdziak, Paul Edward and Bryja, Artur}, year={2023}, month={May} }
 @article{hamedi_ghorbanian_mirzaeian_abrari_mozdziak_ghorbanian_2023, title={Intravenous Transplantation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promoted The Production of Dopaminergic Neurons and Improved Spatial Memory in A Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease}, volume={25}, ISSN={["2228-5814"]}, DOI={10.22074/CELLJ.2023.1972266.1161}, abstractNote={Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder described by the dynamic decline of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Stem cell transplantation is a new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of PD. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of intravenous infusion of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) on memory disorder in Parkinsonian rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided to four groups containing sham, cell treatment, control, and lesion. The cell treatment group received intravenous injection of AD-MSCs 12 days after PD induction by bilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. Four weeks after lesion formation, spatial memory was examined using the Morris water maze (MWM) assessment. The rats’ brains were removed and assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) immunostaining. Results: Statistical analyses revealed a significant addition and reduction in time spent and escape latency in the target quadrant, respectively, in the cell group as compared to the lesion group. Also, BrdU-labeled cells were present in the substantia nigra (SN). The density of TH-positive cells was significantly increased in the AD-MSCs transplantation group as compared to the lesion group, and the density of astrocytes significantly diminished in the AD-MSCs transplantation group as compared to the lesion group. Conclusion: It appears that AD-MSCs treatment for Parkinson’s could decrease the density of astrocytes and promote the density of TH-positive neurons. It appears that AD-MSCs could improve spatial memory impairment in PD.}, number={5}, journal={CELL JOURNAL}, author={Hamedi, Helia and Ghorbanian, Shakiba and Mirzaeian, Leila and Abrari, Kataneh and Mozdziak, Paul and Ghorbanian, Mohammad Taghi}, year={2023}, month={May}, pages={317–326} }
 @article{intravenous transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promoted the production of dopaminergic neurons and improved spatial memory in a rat model of parkinson’s disease_2023, url={https://www.celljournal.org/article_701450.html}, journal={Cell Journal (Yakhteh)}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_kulus_bukowska_piotrowska-kempisty_mozdziak_kempisty_antosik_2023, title={New Gene Markers of Exosomal Regulation Are Involved in Porcine Granulosa Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11873}, DOI={10.3390/ijms241411873}, abstractNote={Exosomal regulation is intimately involved in key cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and adhesion. By participating in the regulation of basic mechanisms, extracellular vesicles are important in intercellular signaling and the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. The complexity of intercellular interactions in the ovarian follicle is also based on multilevel intercellular signaling, including the mechanisms involving cadherins, integrins, and the extracellular matrix. The processes in the ovary leading to the formation of a fertilization-ready oocyte are extremely complex at the molecular level and depend on the oocyte’s ongoing relationship with granulosa cells. An analysis of gene expression from material obtained from a primary in vitro culture of porcine granulosa cells was employed using microarray technology. Genes with the highest expression (LIPG, HSD3B1, CLIP4, LOX, ANKRD1, FMOD, SHAS2, TAGLN, ITGA8, MXRA5, and NEXN) and the lowest expression levels (DAPL1, HSD17B1, SNX31, FST, NEBL, CXCL10, RGS2, MAL2, IHH, and TRIB2) were selected for further analysis. The gene expression results obtained from the microarrays were validated using quantitative RT-qPCR. Exosomes may play important roles regarding intercellular signaling between granulosa cells. Therefore, exosomes may have significant applications in regenerative medicine, targeted therapy, and assisted reproduction technologies.}, number={14}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Kulus, Jakub and Kranc, Wieslawa and Kulus, Magdalena and Bukowska, Dorota and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Antosik, Pawel}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{bryja_zadka_farzaneh_zehtabi_ghasemian_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_mozdziak_zabel_podhorska-okolow_dziegiel_et al._2023, title={Small extracellular vesicles - A host for advanced bioengineering and "Trojan Horse" of non-coding RNAs}, volume={332}, ISSN={["1879-0631"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122126}, abstractNote={Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are a type of membranous vesicles that can be released by cells into the extracellular space. The relationship between sEVs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is highly intricate and interdependent. This symbiotic relationship plays a pivotal role in facilitating intercellular communication and holds profound implications for a myriad of biological processes. The concept of sEVs and their ncRNA cargo as a "Trojan Horse" highlights their remarkable capacity to traverse biological barriers and surreptitiously deliver their cargo to target cells, evading detection by the host-immune system. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEVs may be harnessed as carriers to ferry therapeutic ncRNAs capable of selectively silencing disease-driving genes, particularly in conditions such as cancer. This approach presents several advantages over conventional drug delivery methods, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapy and improved treatment outcomes. However, the utilization of sEVs and ncRNAs as therapeutic agents raises valid concerns regarding the possibility of unforeseen consequences and unintended impacts that may emerge from their application. It is important to consider the fundamental attributes of sEVs and ncRNAs, including by an in-depth analysis of the practical and clinical potentials of exosomes, serving as a representative model for sEVs encapsulating ncRNAs.}, journal={LIFE SCIENCES}, author={Bryja, Artur and Zadka, Lukasz and Farzaneh, Maryam and Zehtabi, Mojtaba and Ghasemian, Majid and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta and Mozdziak, Paul and Zabel, Maciej and Podhorska-Okolow, Marzenna and Dziegiel, Piotr and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @article{rasouli-gharehsaghal_shakeri_zhandi_amini_ghadimi_golkar-narenji_mozdziak_2023, title={Spermatogenesis regeneration by transfected spermatogonial stem cells in infertile roosters through testicular transplantation}, volume={198}, ISSN={["1879-3231"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.026}, abstractNote={Investigations pertaining to spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have led to the use of these cells in a variety of fields including infertility treatments, production of transgenic animals, and genome editing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the plausibility of regenerating spermatogenesis in infertile roosters by transplanting transfected SSCs into testes. Spermatogonial stem cells were isolated and cultured for seven days. Afterward, pDB2, a plasmid vector carrying a reporter gene, GFP, was transfected into the SSCs. Transfected SSCs were transplanted into the left testis of infertile roosters. Tissue samples from the recipients' testes were obtained six weeks after the transplantation and transplanted SSCs were observed in the basement membrane. After eight weeks, GFP-positive spermatozoa were observed in collected semen from the recipient roosters and GFP gene in spermatozoa was confirmed using PCR. The recipient roosters were mated with hens. Hatchlings were visually checked and their tissue samples were tested by PCR to identify transgenesis but both of them were negative. Overall, it seems that regeneration of spermatogenesis in roosters via transfected SSCs is possible but more studies are need to produce recombinant proteins by this way.}, journal={THERIOGENOLOGY}, author={Rasouli-Gharehsaghal, Kazem and Shakeri, Malak and Zhandi, Mahdi and Amini, Hamid-Reza and Ghadimi, Fereshteh and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Mozdziak, Paul Edward}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={100–106} }
 @article{farzaneh_anbiyaee_azizidoost_nasrolahi_ghaedrahmati_kempisty_mozdziak_khoshnam_najafi_2023, title={The Mechanisms of Long Non-coding RNA-XIST in Ischemic Stroke: Insights into Functional Roles and Therapeutic Potential}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1559-1182"]}, DOI={10.1007/s12035-023-03740-x}, journal={MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY}, author={Farzaneh, Maryam and Anbiyaee, Omid and Azizidoost, Shirin and Nasrolahi, Ava and Ghaedrahmati, Farhoodeh and Kempisty, Bartosz and Mozdziak, Paul and Khoshnam, Seyed Esmaeil and Najafi, Sajad}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{stefanska_jozkowiak_angelova volponi_shibli_golkar-narenji_antosik_bukowska_piotrowska-kempisty_mozdziak_dziegiel_et al._2023, title={The Role of Exosomes in Human Carcinogenesis and Cancer Therapy-Recent Findings from Molecular and Clinical Research}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/3/356}, DOI={10.3390/cells12030356}, abstractNote={Exosomes are biological nanoscale spherical lipid bilayer vesicles, 40–160 nm in diameter, produced by most mammalian cells in both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes are formed via the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). The primary function of exosomes is mediating cell-to-cell communication. In terms of cancer, exosomes play important roles as mediators of intercellular communication, leading to tumor progression. Moreover, they can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and progression. Therefore, their utilization in cancer therapies has been suggested, either as drug delivery carriers or as a diagnostic tool. However, exosomes were also reported to be involved in cancer drug resistance via transferring information of drug resistance to sensitive cells. It is important to consider the current knowledge regarding the role of exosomes in cancer, drug resistance, cancer therapies, and their clinical application in cancer therapies.}, number={3}, journal={CELLS}, author={Stefanska, Katarzyna and Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and Angelova Volponi, Ana and Shibli, Jamil Awad and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Antosik, Pawel and Bukowska, Dorota and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Mozdziak, Paul and Dziegiel, Piotr and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{bryl_nawrocki_jopek_kaczmarek_bukowska_antosik_mozdziak_zabel_dzięgiel_kempisty_2023, title={Transcriptomic Characterization of Genes Regulating the Stemness in Porcine Atrial Cardiomyocytes during Primary In Vitro Culture}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/6/1223}, DOI={10.3390/genes14061223}, abstractNote={Heart failure remains a major cause of death worldwide. There is a need to establish new management options as current treatment is frequently suboptimal. Clinical approaches based on autologous stem cell transplant is potentially a good alternative. The heart was long considered an organ unable to regenerate and renew. However, several reports imply that it may possess modest intrinsic regenerative potential. To allow for detailed characterization of cell cultures, whole transcriptome profiling was performed after 0, 7, 15, and 30 days of in vitro cell cultures (IVC) from the right atrial appendage and right atrial wall utilizing microarray technology. In total, 4239 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with ratio > abs |2| and adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05 for the right atrial wall and 4662 DEGs for the right atrial appendage were identified. It was shown that a subset of DEGs, which have demonstrated some regulation of expression levels with the duration of the cell culture, were enriched in the following GO BP (Gene Ontology Biological Process) terms: “stem cell population maintenance” and “stem cell proliferation”. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The establishment and detailed characterization of in vitro culture of myocardial cells may be important for future applications of these cells in heart regeneration processes.}, journal={Genes}, author={Bryl, Rut and Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Jopek, Karol and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Paweł and mozdziak and Zabel, Maciej and Dzięgiel, Piotr and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{jankowski_farzaneh_ghaedrahmati_shirvaliloo_moalemnia_kulus_ziemak_chwarzynski_dziegiel_zabel_et al._2023, title={Unveiling Mesenchymal Stem Cells' Regenerative Potential in Clinical Applications: Insights in miRNA and lncRNA Implications}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/21/2559}, DOI={10.3390/cells12212559}, abstractNote={It is now widely recognized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the capacity to differentiate into a wide array of cell types. Numerous studies have identified the role of lncRNA in the regulation of MSC differentiation. It is important to elucidate the role and interplay of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of signalling pathways that govern MSC function. Furthermore, miRNAs and lncRNAs are important clinical for innovative strategies aimed at addressing a wide spectrum of existing and emerging disease. Hence it is important to consider their impact on MSC function and differentiation. Examining the data available in public databases, we have collected the literature containing the latest discoveries pertaining to human stem cells and their potential in both fundamental research and clinical applications. Furthermore, we have compiled completed clinical studies that revolve around the application of MSCs, shedding light on the opportunities presented by harnessing the regulatory potential of miRNAs and lncRNAs. This exploration of the therapeutic possibilities offered by miRNAs and lncRNAs within MSCs unveils exciting prospects for the development of precision therapies and personalized treatment approaches. Ultimately, these advancements promise to augment the efficacy of regenerative strategies and produce positive outcomes for patients. As research in this field continues to evolve, it is imperative to explore and exploit the vast potential of miRNAs and lncRNAs as therapeutic agents. The findings provide a solid basis for ongoing investigations, fuelling the quest to fully unlock the regenerative potential of MSCs.}, number={21}, journal={CELLS}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and Farzaneh, Maryam and Ghaedrahmati, Farhoodeh and Shirvaliloo, Milad and Moalemnia, Arash and Kulus, Magdalena and Ziemak, Hanna and Chwarzynski, Mikolaj and Dziegiel, Piotr and Zabel, Maciej and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{issa_abou chaar_kempisty_gasiorowski_olszewski_mozdziak_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_2022, title={Artificial-Intelligence-Based Imaging Analysis of Stem Cells: A Systematic Scoping Review}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2079-7737"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/10/1412}, DOI={10.3390/biology11101412}, abstractNote={This systematic scoping review aims to map and identify the available artificial-intelligence-based techniques for imaging analysis, the characterization of stem cell differentiation, and trans-differentiation pathways. On the ninth of March 2022, data were collected from five electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus) and manual citation searching; all data were gathered in Zotero 5.0. A total of 4422 articles were collected after deduplication; only twenty-seven studies were included in this systematic scoping review after a two-phase screening against inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers. The amount of research in this field is significantly increasing over the years. While the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) can tackle a multitude of medical problems, the consensus amongst researchers remains that AI still falls short in multiple ways that investigators should examine, ranging from the quality of images used in training sets and appropriate sample size, as well as the unexpected events that may occur which the algorithm cannot predict.}, number={10}, journal={BIOLOGY-BASEL}, author={Issa, Julien and Abou Chaar, Mazen and Kempisty, Bartosz and Gasiorowski, Lukasz and Olszewski, Raphael and Mozdziak, Paul and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{bryl_piwocka_kawka_mozdziak_kempisty_knopik-skrocka_2022, title={Cancer Stem Cells-The Insight into Non-Coding RNAs}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/22/3699}, DOI={10.3390/cells11223699}, abstractNote={Since their initial identification three decades ago, there has been extensive research regarding cancer stem cells (CSCs). It is important to consider the biology of cancer stem cells with a particular focus on their phenotypic and metabolic plasticity, the most important signaling pathways, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulating these cellular entities. Furthermore, the current status of therapeutic approaches against CSCs is an important consideration regarding employing the technology to improve human health. Cancer stem cells have claimed to be one of the most important group of cells for the development of several common cancers as they dictate features, such as resistance to radio- and chemotherapy, metastasis, and secondary tumor formation. Therapies which could target these cells may develop into an effective strategy for tumor eradication and a hope for patients for whom this disease remains uncurable.}, number={22}, journal={CELLS}, author={Bryl, Rut and Piwocka, Oliwia and Kawka, Emilia and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Knopik-Skrocka, Agnieszka}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{chermula_kranc_celichowski_stelmach_piotrowska-kempisty_mozdziak_pawelczyk_spaczynski_kempisty_2022, title={Cellular Processes in Human Ovarian Follicles Are Regulated by Expression Profile of New Gene Markers-Clinical Approach}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2077-0383"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/1/73}, DOI={10.3390/jcm11010073}, abstractNote={In the growing ovarian follicle, the maturing oocyte is accompanied by cumulus (CCs) and granulosa (GCs) cells. Currently, there remain many unanswered questions about the epithelial origin of these cells. Global and targeted gene transcript levels were assessed on 1, 7, 15, 30 days of culture for CCs and GCs. Detailed analysis of the genes belonging to epithelial cell-associated ontological groups allowed us to assess a total of 168 genes expressed in CCs (97 genes) and GCs (71 genes) during long-term in vitro culture. Expression changes of the analyzed genes allowed the identification of the group of genes: TGFBR3, PTGS2, PRKX, AHI1, and IL11, whose expression decreased the most and the group of ANXA3, DKK1, CCND1, STC1, CAV1, and SFRP4 genes, whose expression significantly increased. These genes’ expression indicates CCs and GCs epithelialization processes and their epithelial origin. Expression change analysis of genes involved in epithelization processes in GCs and CCs during their in vitro culture made it possible to describe the most significantly altered of the 11 genes. Detailed analysis of gene expression in these two cell populations at different time intervals confirms their ovarian surface epithelial origin. Furthermore, some gene expression profiles appear to have tumorigenic properties, suggesting that granulosa cells may play a role in cancerogenesis.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE}, author={Chermula, Blazej and Kranc, Wieslawa and Celichowski, Piotr and Stelmach, Boguslawa and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Mozdziak, Paul and Pawelczyk, Leszek and Spaczynski, Robert Zygmunt and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{jankowski_kaczmarek_wasiatycz_konwerska_dompe_bukowska_antosik_mozdziak_kempisty_2022, title={Expression Profile of New Gene Markers Involved in Differentiation of Canine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Chondrocytes}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/9/1664}, DOI={10.3390/genes13091664}, abstractNote={The interest in stem cell research continuously increased over the last decades, becoming one of the most important trends in the 21st century medicine. Stem cell-based therapies have a potential to become a solution for a range of currently untreatable diseases, such as spinal cord injuries, type I diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, heart disease, stroke, and osteoarthritis. Hence, this study, based on canine material, aims to investigate the molecular basis of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) differentiation into chondrocytes, to serve as a transcriptomic reference for further research aiming to introduce ASC into treatment of bone and cartilage related diseases, such as osteoarthritis in veterinary medicine. Adipose tissue samples were harvested from a canine specimen subjected to a routine ovariohysterecromy procedure at an associated veterinary clinic. The material was treated for ASC isolation and chondrogenic differentiation. RNA samples were isolated at day 1 of culture, day 30 of culture in unsupplemented culture media, and day 30 of culture in chondrogenic differentiation media. The resulting RNA was analyzed using RNAseq assays, with the results validated by RT-qPCR. Between differentiated chondrocytes, early and late cultures, most up- and down-regulated genes in each comparison were selected for further analysis., there are several genes (e.g., MMP12, MPEG1, CHI3L1, and CD36) that could be identified as new markers of chondrogenesis and the influence of long-term culture conditions on ASCs. The results of the study prove the usefulness of the in vitro culture model, providing further molecular insight into the processes associated with ASC culture and differentiation. Furthermore, the knowledge obtained could be used as a molecular reference for future in vivo and clinical studies.}, number={9}, journal={GENES}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Wasiatycz, Grzegorz and Konwerska, Aneta and Dompe, Claudia and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Pawel and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @misc{sibiak_ozegowska_wender-ozegowska_gutaj_mozdziak_kempisty_2022, title={Fetomaternal Expression of Glucose Transporters (GLUTs)-Biochemical, Cellular and Clinical Aspects}, volume={14}, ISSN={["2072-6643"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/10/2025}, DOI={10.3390/nu14102025}, abstractNote={Several types of specialized glucose transporters (GLUTs) provide constant glucose transport from the maternal circulation to the developing fetus through the placental barrier from the early stages of pregnancy. GLUT1 is a prominent protein isoform that regulates placental glucose transfer via glucose-facilitated diffusion. The GLUT1 membrane protein density and permeability of the syncytial basal membrane (BM) are the main factors limiting the rate of glucose diffusion in the fetomaternal compartment in physiological conditions. Besides GLUT1, the GLUT3 and GLUT4 isoforms are widely expressed across the human placenta. Numerous medical conditions and molecules, such as hormones, adipokines, and xenobiotics, alter the GLUT’s mRNA and protein expression. Diabetes upregulates the BM GLUT’s density and promotes fetomaternal glucose transport, leading to excessive fetal growth. However, most studies have found no between-group differences in GLUTs’ placental expression in macrosomic and normal control pregnancies. The fetomaternal GLUTs expression may also be influenced by several other conditions, such as chronic hypoxia, preeclampsia, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.}, number={10}, journal={NUTRIENTS}, author={Sibiak, Rafal and Ozegowska, Katarzyna and Wender-Ozegowska, Ewa and Gutaj, Pawel and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{golkar-narenji_antosik_nolin_rucinski_jopek_zok_sobolewski_jankowski_zdun_bukowska_et al._2022, title={Gene Ontology Groups and Signaling Pathways Regulating the Process of Avian Satellite Cell Differentiation}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/2/242}, DOI={10.3390/genes13020242}, abstractNote={Modern science is becoming increasingly committed to environmentally friendly solutions, mitigating the impact of the developing human civilisation on the environment. One of the leading fields aimed at sustainable agriculture is in vitro meat production. Cellular agriculture aims to provide a source of animal-free meat products, which would decrease worldwide nutritional dependency on animal husbandry, thereby reducing the significant impact of this industry on Earth’s climate. However, while some studies successfully produced lab-based meat on a small scale, scalability of this approach requires significant optimisation of the methodology in order to ensure its viability on an industrial scale. One of the methodological promises of in vitro meat production is the application of cell suspension-based bioreactors. Hence, this study focused on a complex transcriptomic comparison of adherent undifferentiated, differentiated and suspension-cultured myosatellite cells, aiming to determine the effects of different culture methods on their transcriptome. Modern next-generation sequencing (RNAseq) was used to determine the levels of transcripts in the cultures’ cell samples. Then, differential expression and pathway analyses were performed using bionformatical methods. The significantly regulated pathways included: EIF2, mTOR, GP6, integrin and HIFα signalling. Differential regulation of gene expression, as well as significant enrichment and modulation of pathway activity, suggest that suspension culture potentially promotes the ex vivo-associated loss of physiological characteristics and gain of plasticity. Therefore, it seems that suspension cultures, often considered the desired method for in vitro meat production, require further investigation to fully elucidate their effect on myosatellite cells and, therefore, possibly enable their easier scalability to ensure suitability for industrial application.}, journal={Genes}, author={Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Antosik, Paweł and Nolin, Shelly and Rucinski, Marcin and Jopek, Karol and Zok, Agnieszka and Sobolewski, Jarosław and Jankowski, Maurycy and Zdun, Maciej and Bukowska, Dorota and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{savino_kempisty_mozdziak_2022, title={The Potential of a Protein Model Synthesized Absent of Methionine}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1420-3049"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3679}, DOI={10.3390/molecules27123679}, abstractNote={Methionine is an amino acid long thought to be essential, but only in the case of protein synthesis initiation. In more recent years, methionine has been found to play an important role in antioxidant defense, stability, and modulation of cell and protein activity. Though these findings have expanded the previously held sentiment of methionine having a singular purpose within cells and proteins, the essential nature of methionine can still be challenged. Many of the features that give methionine its newfound functions are shared by the other sulfur-containing amino acid: cysteine. While the antioxidant, stabilizing, and cell/protein modulatory functions of cysteine have already been well established, recent findings have shown a similar hydrophobicity to methionine which suggests cysteine may be able to replace methionine in all functions outside of protein synthesis initiation with little effect on cell and protein function. Furthermore, a number of novel mechanisms for alternative initiation of protein synthesis have been identified that suggest a potential to bypass the traditional methionine-dependent initiation during times of stress. In this review, these findings are discussed with a number of examples that demonstrate a potential model for synthesizing a protein in the absence of methionine.}, number={12}, journal={MOLECULES}, author={Savino, Ronald J. and Kempisty, Bartosz and Mozdziak, Paul}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{azizidoost_nasrolahi_ghaedrahmati_kempisty_mozdziak_radoszkiewicz_farzaneh_2022, title={The pathogenic roles of lncRNA-Taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1) in colorectal cancer}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1475-2867"]}, DOI={10.1186/s12935-022-02745-1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL}, author={Azizidoost, Shirin and Nasrolahi, Ava and Ghaedrahmati, Farhoodeh and Kempisty, Bartosz and Mozdziak, Paul and Radoszkiewicz, Klaudia and Farzaneh, Maryam}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{nawrocki_jopek_kaczmarek_zdun_mozdziak_jemielity_bukowska_kempisty_perek_2022, title={Transcriptomic Profile of Genes Regulating the Structural Organization of Porcine Atrial Cardiomyocytes during Primary In Vitro Culture}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/7/1205}, DOI={10.3390/genes13071205}, abstractNote={Numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVD) eventually lead to severe myocardial dysfunction, which is the most common cause of death worldwide. A better understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular pathologies seems to be crucial to develop effective therapeutic options. Therefore, a worthwhile endeavor is a detailed molecular characterization of cells extracted from the myocardium. A transcriptomic profile of atrial cardiomyocytes during long-term primary cell culture revealed the expression patterns depending on the duration of the culture and the heart segment of origin (right atrial appendage and right atrium). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were classified as involved in ontological groups such as: “cellular component assembly”, “cellular component organization”, “cellular component biogenesis”, and “cytoskeleton organization”. Transcriptomic profiling allowed us to indicate the increased expression of COL5A2, COL8A1, and COL12A1, encoding different collagen subunits, pivotal in cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. Conversely, genes important for cellular architecture, such as ABLIM1, TMOD1, XIRP1, and PHACTR1, were downregulated during in vitro culture. The culture conditions may create a favorable environment for reconstruction of the ECM structures, whereas they may be suboptimal for expression of some pivotal transcripts responsible for the formation of intracellular structures.}, number={7}, journal={GENES}, author={Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Jopek, Karol and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Zdun, Maciej and Mozdziak, Paul and Jemielity, Marek and Bukowska, Dorota and Kempisty, Bartosz and Perek, Bartlomiej}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{rzymski_kulus_jankowski_dompe_bryl_petitte_kempisty_mozdziak_2021, title={COVID-19 Pandemic Is a Call to Search for Alternative Protein Sources as Food and Feed: A Review of Possibilities}, volume={13}, ISBN={2072-6643}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/150}, DOI={10.3390/nu13010150}, abstractNote={The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health challenge with substantial adverse effects on the world economy. It is beyond any doubt that it is, again, a call-to-action to minimize the risk of future zoonoses caused by emerging human pathogens. The primary response to contain zoonotic diseases is to call for more strict regulations on wildlife trade and hunting. This is because the origins of coronaviruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), as well as other viral pathogens (e.g., Ebola, HIV) are traceable to wild animals. Although COVID-19 is not related to livestock animals, the pandemic increased general attention given to zoonotic viral infections—the risk of which can also be associated with livestock. Therefore, this paper discusses the potential transformation of industrial livestock farming and the production of animal products, particularly meat, to decrease the risks for transmission of novel human pathogens. Plant-based diets have a number of advantages, but it is unrealistic to consider them as the only solution offered to the problem. Therefore, a search for alternative protein sources in insect-based foods and cultured meat, important technologies enabling safer meat production. Although both of these strategies offer a number of potential advantages, they are also subject to the number of challenges that are discussed in this paper. Importantly, insect-based foods and cultured meat can provide additional benefits in the context of ecological footprint, an aspect important in light of predicted climate changes. Furthermore, cultured meat can be regarded as ethically superior and supports better food security. There is a need to further support the implementation and expansion of all three approaches discussed in this paper, plant-based diets, insect-based foods, and cultured meat, to decrease the epidemiological risks and ensure a sustainable future. Furthermore, cultured meat also offers a number of additional benefits in the context of environmental impact, ethical issues, and food security.}, number={1}, journal={NUTRIENTS}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Rzymski, Piotr and Kulus, Magdalena and Jankowski, Maurycy and Dompe, Claudia and Bryl, Rut and Petitte, James N. and Kempisty, Bartosz and Mozdziak, Paul}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={150} }
 @article{zhang_wei_zhang_mozdziak_si_ahmad_cheng_tong_2021, title={Design and Immunological Evaluation of a Hybrid Peptide as a Potent TLR2 Agonist by Structure-Based Virtual Screening}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2296-634X"]}, DOI={10.3389/fcell.2021.620370}, abstractNote={Immunity is a versatile defensive response that is involved in protecting against disease by identifying and destroying self and non-self harmful substances. As a state of temporary or permanent immune dysfunction, immunosuppression can make an organism more susceptible to infection, organ injury, and cancer due to damage to the immune system. It has taken a long time to develop new immunomodulatory agents to prevent and treat immunosuppressive diseases. In recent years, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists have been reported to have profound effects on the immune system, and they are regarded as potent immunomodulatory candidates. TP5 and LL-37, the potent immunomodulatory agents, have been reported to produce a robust innate immune response by binding to TLR2. However, their development has been weakened by several concerns, such as potential cytotoxicity, weak physiological stability and poor immunomodulatory activity. To overcome these challenges, hybridization has been proposed. Therefore, six hybrid peptides (LTPa, LTPb, LTPc, TPLa, TPLb, and TPLc) were designed by combining the full-length TP5 with a characteristic fragment of LL-37 that included LL-37 (13–36), LL-37 (17–29), and LL-37 (13–31). LTPa, the most potent TLR2 agonist, was simply and effectively screened by molecular docking andin vitroexperiments. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effects of LTPa were confirmed by a CTX-immunosuppressed murine model, which demonstrated that LTPa successfully inhibit immunosuppression, increased immune organ indices, enhanced DC maturation, regulated T lymphocyte subsets, and increased cytokine and Ig contents. Our study also revealed that the immunomodulatory effects of LTPa are associated with binding to TLR2, forming TLR2 clusters, and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY}, author={Zhang, Lulu and Wei, Xubiao and Zhang, Rijun and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Si, Dayong and Ahmad, Baseer and Cheng, Qiang and Tong, Yucui}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{nawrocki_jopek_zdun_mozdziak_jemielity_perek_bukowska_kempisty_2021, title={Expression Profile of Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in Regulation of Vasculature Development and Heart Muscle Morphogenesis-A Transcriptomic Approach Based on a Porcine Model}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8794}, DOI={10.3390/ijms22168794}, abstractNote={Despite significant advances in treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) many subjects still develop heart failure due to significantly reduced ejection fraction. Currently, there are no commonly available treatment strategies that replace the infarcted/dysfunctional myocardium. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that control the regeneration of the heart muscle is important. The development of new coronary vessels plays a pivotal role in cardiac regeneration. Employing microarray expression assays and RT-qPCR validation expression pattern of genes in long-term primary cultured cells isolated form the right atrial appendage (RAA) and right atrium (RA) was evaluated. After using DAVID software, it indicated the analysis expression profiles of genes involved in ontological groups such as: “angiogenesis”, “blood vessel morphogenesis”, “circulatory system development”, “regulation of vasculature development”, and “vasculature development” associated with the process of creation new blood vessels. The performed transcriptomic comparative analysis between two different compartments of the heart muscle allowed us to indicate the presence of differences in the expression of key transcripts depending on the cell source. Increases in culture intervals significantly increased expression of SFRP2, PRRX1 genes and some other genes involved in inflammatory process, such as: CCL2, IL6, and ROBO1. Moreover, the right atrial appendage gene encoding lysyl oxidase (LOX) showed much higher expression compared to the pre-cultivation state.}, number={16}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Jopek, Karol and Zdun, Maciej and Mozdziak, Paul and Jemielity, Marek and Perek, Bartlomiej and Bukowska, Dorota and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @article{chermula_hutchings_kranc_jozkowiak_jopek_stelmach_mozdziak_pawelczyk_piotrowska-kempisty_spaczynski_et al._2021, title={Expression Profile of New Gene Markers and Signaling Pathways Involved in Immunological Processes in Human Cumulus-Oophorus Cells}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/9/1369}, DOI={10.3390/genes12091369}, abstractNote={The function of the immune system extends from defense against external pathogens to the recognition and elimination of mutated or dying cells, aiding elimination of malignant potential and/or maintaining homeostasis. The many cell types of the immune system secrete a broad range of factors to enable cellular signaling that is vital to physiological processes. Additionally, in the ovary, follicular selection and maturation, as well as ovulation, are directly regulated by the nearby immune cells. Additionally, ovulation and rupture of the follicle have been observed to resemble a local inflammatory response. Cells of the cumulus–oocyte complex (COC) show evolving gene expression profiles throughout the oocytes’ lifespan, including genes associated with immunological processes. Analysis of these genes allows the identification of useful molecular markers, as well as highlighting gene functions and interactions in these cells. Cumulus cells were obtained from hormonally stimulated patients undergoing an in vitro fertilization procedure and studied under long-term culture conditions. The microarray technique made it possible to compare the level of CCs’ gene expression on the 1st, 7th, 15th and 30th day of cultivation. Additionally, RNA microarray analysis was performed to map gene expression in these cells, associated with immunological processes and associated cytokine signaling. Subsequently, the use of DAVID software allowed us to identify the “defense response to other organism”, “defense response”, “defense response to virus”, “cytokine secretion”, “cytokine production” and “cytokine-mediated signaling pathway” GO BP terms, as well as allowing further analysis of the most differentially expressed genes associated with these processes. Of the 122 genes involved, 121 were upregulated and only one was downregulated. The seven most upregulated genes related to the abovementioned terms were ANXA3, IFIT1, HLA-DPA1, MX1, KRT8, HLA-DRA and KRT18. Therefore, genes involved in immunological defense processes are upregulated in CC cultures and could serve as useful molecular markers of growth and development in the COC, as well as the proliferation of granulosa and cumulus cells.}, number={9}, journal={GENES}, author={Chermula, Blazej and Hutchings, Greg and Kranc, Wieslawa and Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and Jopek, Karol and Stelmach, Boguslawa and Mozdziak, Paul and Pawelczyk, Leszek and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Spaczynski, Robert Z. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{jankowski_kaczmarek_wasiatycz_dompe_mozdziak_jaskowski_piotrowska-kempisty_kempisty_2021, title={Expression Profile of New Marker Genes Involved in Differentiation of Canine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Osteoblasts}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/13/6663}, DOI={10.3390/ijms22136663}, abstractNote={Next-generation sequencing (RNAseq) analysis of gene expression changes during the long-term in vitro culture and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs remains to be important, as the analysis provides important clues toward employing stem cells as a therapeutic intervention. In this study, the cells were isolated from adipose tissue obtained during routine surgical procedures and subjected to 14-day in vitro culture and differentiation. The mRNA transcript levels were evaluated using the Illumina platform, resulting in the detection of 19,856 gene transcripts. The most differentially expressed genes (fold change >|2|, adjusted p value < 0.05), between day 1, day 14 and differentiated cell cultures were extracted and subjected to bioinformatical analysis based on the R programming language. The results of this study provide molecular insight into the processes that occur during long-term in vitro culture and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, allowing the re-evaluation of the roles of some genes in MSC progression towards a range of lineages. The results improve the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms associated with long-term in vitro culture and differentiation of ASCs, as well as providing a point of reference for potential in vivo and clinical studies regarding these cells’ application in regenerative medicine.}, number={13}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Wasiatycz, Grzegorz and Dompe, Claudia and Mozdziak, Paul and Jaskowski, Jedrzej M. and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{dompe_kulus_stefanska_kranc_chermula_bryl_pienkowski_nawrocki_petitte_stelmach_et al._2021, title={Human Granulosa Cells-Stemness Properties, Molecular Cross-Talk and Follicular Angiogenesis}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/6/1396}, DOI={10.3390/cells10061396}, abstractNote={The ovarian follicle is the basic functional unit of the ovary, comprising theca cells and granulosa cells (GCs). Two different types of GCs, mural GCs and cumulus cells (CCs), serve different functions during folliculogenesis. Mural GCs produce oestrogen during the follicular phase and progesterone after ovulation, while CCs surround the oocyte tightly and form the cumulus oophurus and corona radiata inner cell layer. CCs are also engaged in bi-directional metabolite exchange with the oocyte, as they form gap-junctions, which are crucial for both the oocyte’s proper maturation and GC proliferation. However, the function of both GCs and CCs is dependent on proper follicular angiogenesis. Aside from participating in complex molecular interplay with the oocyte, the ovarian follicular cells exhibit stem-like properties, characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Both GCs and CCs remain under the influence of various miRNAs, and some of them may contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) occurrence. Considering increasing female fertility problems worldwide, it is of interest to develop new strategies enhancing assisted reproductive techniques. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider GCs as ovarian stem cells in terms of the cellular features and molecular pathways involved in their development and interactions as well as outline their possible application in translational medicine.}, number={6}, journal={CELLS}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Dompe, Claudia and Kulus, Magdalena and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Kranc, Wieslawa and Chermula, Blazej and Bryl, Rut and Pienkowski, Wojciech and Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Petitte, James N. and Stelmach, Boguslawa and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{kulus_sibiak_stefanska_zdun_wieczorkiewicz_piotrowska-kempisty_jaskowski_bukowska_ratajczak_zabel_et al._2021, title={Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human and Animal Perinatal Tissues-Origins, Characteristics, Signaling Pathways, and Clinical Trials}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3278}, DOI={10.3390/cells10123278}, abstractNote={Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are currently one of the most extensively researched fields due to their promising opportunity for use in regenerative medicine. There are many sources of MSCs, of which cells of perinatal origin appear to be an invaluable pool. Compared to embryonic stem cells, they are devoid of ethical conflicts because they are derived from tissues surrounding the fetus and can be safely recovered from medical waste after delivery. Additionally, perinatal MSCs exhibit better self-renewal and differentiation properties than those derived from adult tissues. It is important to consider the anatomy of perinatal tissues and the general description of MSCs, including their isolation, differentiation, and characterization of different types of perinatal MSCs from both animals and humans (placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid). Ultimately, signaling pathways are essential to consider regarding the clinical applications of MSCs. It is important to consider the origin of these cells, referring to the anatomical structure of the organs of origin, when describing the general and specific characteristics of the different types of MSCs as well as the pathways involved in differentiation.}, number={12}, journal={CELLS}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Sibiak, Rafal and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Zdun, Maciej and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Jaskowski, Jedrzej M. and Bukowska, Dorota and Ratajczak, Kornel and Zabel, Maciej and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @misc{hutchings_kruszyna_nawrocki_strauss_bryl_spaczynska_perek_jemielity_mozdziak_kempisty_et al._2021, title={Molecular Mechanisms Associated with ROS-Dependent Angiogenesis in Lower Extremity Artery Disease}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2076-3921"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/5/735}, DOI={10.3390/antiox10050735}, abstractNote={Currently, atherosclerosis, which affects the vascular bed of all vital organs and tissues, is considered as a leading cause of death. Most commonly, atherosclerosis involves coronary and peripheral arteries, which results in acute (e.g., myocardial infarction, lower extremities ischemia) or chronic (persistent ischemia leading to severe heart failure) consequences. All of them have a marked unfavorable impact on the quality of life and are associated with increased mortality and morbidity in human populations. Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD, also defined as peripheral artery disease, PAD) refers to atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower extremities, where partial or complete obstruction of peripheral arteries is observed. Decreased perfusion can result in ischemic pain, non-healing wounds, and ischemic ulcers, and significantly reduce the quality of life. However, the progressive atherosclerotic changes cause stimulation of tissue response processes, like vessel wall remodeling and neovascularization. These mechanisms of adapting the vascular network to pathological conditions seem to play a key role in reducing the impact of the changes limiting the flow of blood. Neovascularization as a response to ischemia induces sprouting and expansion of the endothelium to repair and grow the vessels of the circulatory system. Neovascularization consists of three different biological processes: vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and arteriogenesis. Both molecular and environmental factors that may affect the process of development and growth of blood vessels were analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the changes taking place during LEAD. It is important to consider the molecular mechanisms underpinning vessel growth. These mechanisms will also be examined in the context of diseases commonly affecting blood vessel function, or those treatable in part by manipulation of angiogenesis. Furthermore, it may be possible to induce the process of blood vessel development and growth to treat peripheral vascular disease and wound healing. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. With regard to the repair processes taking place during diseases such as LEAD, prospective therapeutic methods have been described that could significantly improve the treatment of vessel diseases in the future. Summarizing, regenerative medicine holds the potential to transform the therapeutic methods in heart and vessel diseases treatment.}, number={5}, journal={ANTIOXIDANTS}, author={Hutchings, Greg and Kruszyna, Lukasz and Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Strauss, Ewa and Bryl, Rut and Spaczynska, Julia and Perek, Bartlomiej and Jemielity, Marek and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and et al.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_wojtanowicz-markiewicz_celichowski_swiatly-blaszkiewicz_matuszewska_sujka-kordowska_konwerska_zdun_bryl_et al._2021, title={New Gene Markers Expressed in Porcine Oviductal Epithelial Cells Cultured Primary In Vitro Are Involved in Ontological Groups Representing Physiological Processes of Porcine Oocytes}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/2082}, DOI={10.3390/ijms22042082}, abstractNote={Changes that occur within oviducts after fertilization are dependent on post-ovulation events, including oocyte-oviduct interactions. Although general processes are well-defined, the molecular basis are poorly understood. Recently, new marker genes involved in ‘cell development’, ‘cell growth’, ‘cell differentiation’ and ‘cell maturation’ processes have been identified in porcine oocytes. The aim of the study was to assess the expression profile of genes in primary in vitro cultured oviductal epithelial cells (OECs), clustered in Gene Ontology groups which enveloped markers also identified in porcine oocytes. OECs (from 45 gilts) were surgically removed and cultured in vitro for ≤ 30 days, and then subjected to molecular analyses. The transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of cells cultured during 7, 15 and 30 days were investigated. Additionally, morphological/histochemical analyzes were performed. The results of genes expression profiles were validated after using RT-qPCR. The results showed a significant upregulation of UNC45B, NOX4, VLDLR, ITGB3, FMOD, SGCE, COL1A2, LOX, LIPG, THY1 and downregulation of SERPINB2, CD274, TXNIP, CELA1, DDX60, CRABP2, SLC5A1, IDO1, ANPEP, FST. Detailed knowledge of the molecular pathways occurring in the OECs and the gametes that contact them may contribute both to developments of basic science of physiology, and new possibilities in advanced biotechnology of assisted reproduction.}, number={4}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Kranc, Wieslawa and Wojtanowicz-Markiewicz, Katarzyna and Celichowski, Piotr and Swiatly-Blaszkiewicz, Agata and Matuszewska, Eliza and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Konwerska, Aneta and Zdun, Maciej and Bryl, Rut and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @misc{nowicki_kulus_wieczorkiewicz_pienkowski_stefanska_skupin-mrugalska_bryl_mozdziak_kempisty_piotrowska-kempisty_2021, title={Ovarian Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells-Cellular and Molecular Characteristics, Signaling Pathways, and Usefulness as a Diagnostic Tool in Medicine and Oncology}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2072-6694"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/16/4178}, DOI={10.3390/cancers13164178}, abstractNote={Despite the increasing development of medicine, ovarian cancer is still a high-risk, metastatic disease that is often diagnosed at a late stage. In addition, difficulties in its treatment are associated with high resistance to chemotherapy and frequent relapse. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), recently attracting significant scientific interest, are considered to be responsible for the malignant features of tumors. CSCs, as the driving force behind tumor development, generate new cells by modifying different signaling pathways. Moreover, investigations on different types of tumors have shown that signaling pathways are key to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation, metastasis, and self-renewal of CSCs. Based on these established issues, new therapies are being investigated based on the use of inhibitors to block CSC growth and proliferation signals. Many reports indicate that CSC markers play a key role in cancer metastasis, with hopes placed in their targeting to block this process and eliminate relapses. Current histological classification of ovarian tumors, their epidemiology, and the most recent knowledge of ovarian CSCs, with particular emphasis on their molecular background, are important aspects for consideration. Furthermore, the importance of signaling pathways involved in tumor growth, development, and metastasis, is also presented.}, number={16}, journal={CANCERS}, author={Nowicki, Andrzej and Kulus, Magdalena and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and Pienkowski, Wojciech and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Skupin-Mrugalska, Paulina and Bryl, Rut and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @article{kocherova_bryja_blochowiak_kaczmarek_stefanska_matys_grzech-lesniak_dominiak_mozdziak_kempisty_et al._2021, title={Photobiomodulation with Red and Near-Infrared Light Improves Viability and Modulates Expression of Mesenchymal and Apoptotic-Related Markers in Human Gingival Fibroblasts}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1996-1944"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3427}, DOI={10.3390/ma14123427}, abstractNote={Photobiomodulation (PBM), also called low-level laser treatment (LLLT), has been considered a promising tool in periodontal treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. However, photobiomodulation’s effectiveness depends on a combination of parameters, such as energy density, the duration and frequency of the irradiation sessions, and wavelength, which has been shown to play a key role in laser-tissue interaction. The objective of the study was to compare the in vitro effects of two different wavelengths—635 nm and 808 nm—on the human primary gingival fibroblasts in terms of viability, oxidative stress, inflammation markers, and specific gene expression during the four treatment sessions at power and energy density widely used in dental practice (100 mW, 4 J/cm2). PBM with both 635 and 808 nm at 4 J/cm2 increased the cell number, modulated extracellular oxidative stress and inflammation markers and decreased the susceptibility of human primary gingival fibroblasts to apoptosis through the downregulation of apoptotic-related genes (P53, CASP9, BAX). Moreover, modulation of mesenchymal markers expression (CD90, CD105) can reflect the possible changes in the differentiation status of irradiated fibroblasts. The most pronounced results were observed following the third irradiation session. They should be considered for the possible optimization of existing low-level laser irradiation protocols used in periodontal therapies.}, number={12}, journal={MATERIALS}, author={Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Bryja, Artur and Blochowiak, Katarzyna and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Matys, Jacek and Grzech-Lesniak, Kinga and Dominiak, Marzena and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{kulus_kulus_stefanska_sobolewski_piotrowska-kempisty_mozdziak_kempisty_2021, title={SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Variability and Non-Specific Immunity Associated with the Use of Different BCG Strains-A Molecular and Clinical Approach}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2076-393X"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/6/639}, DOI={10.3390/vaccines9060639}, abstractNote={The effect of BCG vaccination against tuberculosis on the reduction in COVID-19 infection is related to the effect of the BCG vaccine on the immunomodulation of non-specific immunity. In the early stages of the pandemic, countries with universal BCG vaccination programs registered a low number of new cases of COVID-19, with the situation now reversed, as exemplified by India. The high genetic variability of SARS-CoV-2, a known characteristic of RNA viruses, causing the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 variants may have led to the virus adapting to overcome the initial immune protection. The strains from the United Kingdom (B1.1.7), Brazil (B1.1.28 and B1.1.33), South Africa (B.1.351), and India (B.1.617) are characterized by a greater ability to spread in the environment, in comparison with the original infectious agent of SARS-CoV-2. It should be remembered that the large variation in the genetic makeup of SARS-CoV-2 may result in future changes in its pathogenicity, immunogenicity and antigenicity, and therefore it is necessary to carefully study the mutations occurring within the virus to determine whether the current vaccines will remain effective. However, most studies show that monoclonal antibodies produced after vaccination against COVID-19 are effective against the newly developed variants.}, number={6}, journal={VACCINES}, author={Kulus, Jakub and Kulus, Magdalena and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Sobolewski, Jaroslaw and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{borowiec_angelova volponi_mozdziak_kempisty_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_2021, title={Small Extracellular Vesicles and COVID19-Using the "Trojan Horse" to Tackle the Giant}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2073-4409"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3383}, DOI={10.3390/cells10123383}, abstractNote={The COVID-19 pandemic is a global challenge, demanding researchers address different approaches in relation to prevention, diagnostics and therapeutics. Amongst the many tactics of tackling these therapeutic challenges, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) or exosomes are emerging as a new frontier in the field of ameliorating viral infections. Exosomes are part of extracellular vesicles (EVs)—spherical biological structures with a lipid bilayer of a diameter of up to 5000 nm, which are released into the intercellular space by most types of eukaryotic cells, both in physiological and pathological states. EVs share structural similarities to viruses, such as small size, common mechanisms of biogenesis and mechanisms for cell entry. The role of EVs in promoting the viral spread by evading the immune response of the host, which is exhibited by retroviruses, indicates the potential for further investigation and possible manipulation of these processes when tackling the spread and treatment of COVID-19. The following paper introduces the topic of the use of exosomes in the treatment of viral infections, and presents the future prospects for the use of these EVs.}, number={12}, journal={CELLS}, author={Borowiec, Blanka Maria and Angelova Volponi, Ana and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @article{kulus_kulus_kranc_jopek_zdun_jozkowiak_jaskowski_piotrowska-kempisty_bukowska_antosik_et al._2021, title={Transcriptomic Profile of New Gene Markers Encoding Proteins Responsible for Structure of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2079-7737"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1214}, DOI={10.3390/biology10111214}, abstractNote={The extracellular matrix (ECM) in granulosa cells is functionally very important, and it is involved in many processes related to ovarian follicle growth and ovulation. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells that are associated with extracellular matrix formation, intercellular signaling, and cell–cell fusion. The material for this study was ovaries of sexually mature pigs obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse. Laboratory-derived granulosa cells (GCs) from ovarian follicles were cultured in a primary in vitro culture model. The extracted genetic material (0, 48, 96, and 144 h) were subjected to microarray expression analysis. Among 81 genes, 66 showed increased expression and only 15 showed decreased expression were assigned to 7 gene ontology groups “extracellular matrix binding”, “extracellular matrix structural constituent”, “binding, bridging”, “cadherin binding”, “cell adhesion molecule binding”, “collagen binding” and “cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion”. The 10 genes with the highest expression (POSTN, ITGA2, FN1, LAMB1, ITGB3, CHI3L1, PCOLCE2, CAV1, DCN, COL14A1) and 10 of the most down-regulated (SPP1, IRS1, CNTLN, TMPO, PAICS, ANK2, ADAM23, ABI3BP, DNAJB1, IGF1) were selected for further analysis. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The current results may serve as preliminary data for further analyses using in vitro granulosa cell cultures in assisted reproduction technologies, studies of pathological processes in the ovary as well as in the use of the stemness potential of GCs.}, number={11}, journal={BIOLOGY-BASEL}, author={Kulus, Jakub and Kulus, Magdalena and Kranc, Wieslawa and Jopek, Karol and Zdun, Maciej and Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and Jaskowski, Jedrzej M. and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Pawel and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{bryja_latosinski_jankowski_angelova volponi_mozdziak_shibli_bryl_spaczynska_piotrowska-kempisty_krawiec_et al._2021, title={Transcriptomic and Morphological Analysis of Cells Derived from Porcine Buccal Mucosa-Studies on an In Vitro Model}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2076-2615"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/1/15}, DOI={10.3390/ani11010015}, abstractNote={Transcriptional analysis and live-cell imaging are a powerful tool to investigate the dynamics of complex biological systems. In vitro expanded porcine oral mucosal cells, consisting of populations of epithelial and connective lineages, are interesting and complex systems for study via microarray transcriptomic assays to analyze gene expression profile. The transcriptomic analysis included 56 ontological groups with particular focus on 7 gene ontology groups that are related to the processes of differentiation and development. Most analyzed genes were upregulated after 7 days and downregulated after 15 and 30 days of in vitro culture. The performed transcriptomic analysis was then extended to include automated analysis of differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC) images obtained during in vitro culture. The analysis of DIC imaging allowed to identify the different populations of keratinocytes and fibroblasts during seven days of in vitro culture, and it was possible to evaluate the proportion of these two populations of cells. Porcine mucosa may be a suitable model for reference research on human tissues. In addition, it can provide a reference point for research on the use of cells, scaffolds, or tissues derived from transgenic animals for applications in human tissues reconstruction.}, number={1}, journal={ANIMALS}, author={Bryja, Artur and Latosinski, Grzegorz and Jankowski, Maurycy and Angelova Volponi, Ana and Mozdziak, Paul and Shibli, Jamil A. and Bryl, Rut and Spaczynska, Julia and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Krawiec, Krzysztof and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{wei_zhang_zhang_wu_si_ahmad_petitte_mozdziak_li_guo_et al._2020, title={A highly efficient hybrid peptide ameliorates intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier damage by neutralizing lipopolysaccharides and antagonizing the lipopolysaccharide-receptor interaction}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1530-6860"]}, DOI={10.1096/fj.201903263RRR}, abstractNote={Intestinal inflammatory disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, are major contributors to mortality and morbidity in humans and animals worldwide. While some native peptides have great potential as therapeutic agents against intestinal inflammation, potential cytotoxicity, anti‐inciting action, and suppression of anti‐inflammatory activity may limit their development as anti‐inflammatory agents. Peptide hybridization is an effective approach for the design and engineering of novel functional peptides because hybrid peptides combine the advantages and benefits of various native peptides. In the present study, a novel hybrid anti‐inflammatory peptide that combines the active center of Cecropin A (C) and the core functional region of LL‐37 (L) was designed [C‐L peptide; C (1‐8)‐L (17‐30)] through in silico analysis to reduce cytotoxicity and improve the anti‐inflammatory activity of the parental peptides. The resulting C‐L peptide exhibited lower cytotoxicity than either C or L peptides alone. C‐L also exerted a protective effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages and in the intestines of a mouse model. The hybrid peptide exhibited increased anti‐inflammatory activity compared to the parental peptides. C‐L plays a role in protecting intestinal tissue from damage, LPS‐induced weight loss, and leukocyte infiltration. In addition, C‐L reduces the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), as well as reduces cell apoptosis. It also reduced mucosal barrier damage caused by LPS. The anti‐inflammatory effects of the hybrid peptide were mainly attributed to its LPS‐neutralizing activity and antagonizing the activation of LPS‐induced Toll‐like receptor 4‐myeloid differentiation factor 2 (TLR4/MD2). The peptide also affected the TLR4‐(nuclear factor κB) signaling pathway, modulating the inflammatory response upon LPS stimulation. Collectively, these findings suggest that the newly designed peptide, C‐L, could be developed into a novel anti‐inflammatory agent for animals or humans.}, number={12}, journal={FASEB JOURNAL}, author={Wei, Xubiao and Zhang, Lulu and Zhang, Rijun and Wu, Rujuan and Si, Dayong and Ahmad, Baseer and Petitte, James N. and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Li, Zhongxuan and Guo, Henan and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Dec}, pages={16049–16072} }
 @article{jankowski_mozdziak_petitte_kulus_kempisty_2020, title={Avian Satellite Cell Plasticity}, volume={10}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/8/1322}, DOI={10.3390/ani10081322}, abstractNote={Adult myogenesis is dependent on a population of precursor cells, located between the sarcolemma and the basal lamina of the muscle fiber. These satellite cells, usually present in a quiescent state, become activated in response to mechanical muscle strain, differentiating and fusing to add new nuclei to enlarging muscles. As their myogenic lineage commitment is induced on demand, muscle satellite cells exhibit a certain amount of plasticity, possibly being able to be directed to differentiate into non-myogenic fates. In this study, myosatellite cells were isolated from chicken muscle samples, characterized in vitro and introduced into developing blastoderms. They were further investigated using fluorescence microscopy, immunohistochemistry and PCR, to determine their location in embryos after three and eighteen days. The results of the in vitro analysis confirmed that the cells obtained from the Pectoralis thoracicus are highly myogenic, based on the expression of Pax7, Myogenin, MyoD, Desmin and the myotube assay. Furthermore, the investigation of satellite cells within the embryo showed their migration to the regions of Pectoralis thoracicus, heart, liver, gizzard, proventriculus, intestine and brain. Overall, the results of the study proved the high myogenicity of chicken Pectoralis thoracicus cell isolates, as well as provided new information about their migration pathways following introduction into the blastocyst. The presence of the introduced LacZ or eGFP transgenes across the embryo, even 20 days after myosatellite cell injection, further supports the notion that satellite cells exhibit significant plasticity, potentially transdifferentiating into non-muscle lineages.}, number={8}, journal={Animals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and mozdziak and Petitte, James and Kulus, Magdalena and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={1322} }
 @article{hutchings_moncrieff_dompe_janowicz_sibiak_bryja_jankowski_mozdziak_bukowska_antosik_et al._2020, title={Bone Regeneration, Reconstruction and Use of Osteogenic Cells; from Basic Knowledge, Animal Models to Clinical Trials}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/1/139}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9010139}, abstractNote={The deterioration of the human skeleton’s capacity for self-renewal occurs naturally with age. Osteoporosis affects millions worldwide, with current treatments including pharmaceutical agents that target bone formation and/or resorption. Nevertheless, these clinical approaches often result in long-term side effects, with better alternatives being constantly researched. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue are known to hold therapeutic value for the treatment of a variety of bone diseases. The following review summarizes the latest studies and clinical trials related to the use of MSCs, both individually and combined with other methods, in the treatment of a variety of conditions related to skeletal health. For example, some of the most recent works noted the advantage of bone grafts based on biomimetic scaffolds combined with MSC and growth factor delivery, with a greatly increased regeneration rate and minimized side effects for patients. This review also highlights the continuing research into the mechanisms underlying bone homeostasis, including the key transcription factors and signalling pathways responsible for regulating the differentiation of osteoblast lineage. Paracrine factors and specific miRNAs are also believed to play a part in MSC differentiation. Furthering the understanding of the specific mechanisms of cellular signalling in skeletal remodelling is key to incorporating new and effective treatment methods for bone disease.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Hutchings, Greg and Moncrieff, Lisa and Dompe, Claudia and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Sibiak, Rafał and Bryja, Artur and Jankowski, Maurycy and mozdziak and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Paweł and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{jankowski_mozdziak_kempisty_2020, title={COVID-19 spotlights medical diagnostics}, volume={368}, ISSN={["1095-9203"]}, DOI={10.1126/science.abb8952}, abstractNote={The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the importance of the field of medical diagnostics. Governments are trying to avert crisis conditions by opening makeshift testing units and recruiting nonclinical research staff to conduct testing (1), but this strategy is not a long-term solution. To increase the number of medical diagnosticians, this career path should be encouraged, valued, and adequately funded. Diagnostic expertise will likely become even more vital as our rapidly aging societies continue to challenge a strained health care system (2, 3).}, number={6493}, journal={SCIENCE}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and Mozdziak, Paul and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2020}, month={May}, pages={839–839} }
 @misc{khalaf_janowicz_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_hutchings_dompe_moncrieff_jankowski_machnik_oleksiewicz_kocherova_et al._2020, title={CRISPR/Cas9 in Cancer Immunotherapy: Animal Models and Human Clinical Trials}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/921}, DOI={10.3390/genes11080921}, abstractNote={Even though chemotherapy and immunotherapy emerged to limit continual and unregulated proliferation of cancer cells, currently available therapeutic agents are associated with high toxicity levels and low success rates. Additionally, ongoing multi-targeted therapies are limited only for few carcinogenesis pathways, due to continually emerging and evolving mutations of proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressive genes. CRISPR/Cas9, as a specific gene-editing tool, is used to correct causative mutations with minimal toxicity, but is also employed as an adjuvant to immunotherapy to achieve a more robust immunological response. Some of the most critical limitations of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology include off-target mutations, resulting in nonspecific restrictions of DNA upstream of the Protospacer Adjacent Motifs (PAM), ethical agreements, and the lack of a scientific consensus aiming at risk evaluation. Currently, CRISPR/Cas9 is tested on animal models to enhance genome editing specificity and induce a stronger anti-tumor response. Moreover, ongoing clinical trials use the CRISPR/Cas9 system in immune cells to modify genomes in a target-specific manner. Recently, error-free in vitro systems have been engineered to overcome limitations of this gene-editing system. The aim of the article is to present the knowledge concerning the use of CRISPR Cas9 technique in targeting treatment-resistant cancers. Additionally, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 is aided as an emerging supplementation of immunotherapy, currently used in experimental oncology. Demonstrating further, applications and advances of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique are presented in animal models and human clinical trials. Concluding, an overview of the limitations of the gene-editing tool is proffered.}, number={8}, journal={GENES}, author={Khalaf, Khalil and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta and Hutchings, Greg and Dompe, Claudia and Moncrieff, Lisa and Jankowski, Maurycy and Machnik, Marta and Oleksiewicz, Urszula and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Aug} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_jeseta_sujka-kordowska_konwerska_ciesiolka_celichowski_moncrieff_kocherova_jozkowiak_et al._2020, title={Cortical Granule Distribution and Expression Pattern of Genes Regulating Cellular Component Size, Morphogenesis, and Potential to Differentiation are Related to Oocyte Developmental Competence and Maturational Capacity In Vivo and In Vitro}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/815}, DOI={10.3390/genes11070815}, abstractNote={Polyspermia is an adverse phenomenon during mammalian fertilization when more than one sperm fuses with a single oocyte. The egg cell is prepared to prevent polyspermia by, among other ways, producing cortical granules (CGs), which are specialized intracellular structures containing enzymes that aim to harden the zona pellucida and block the fusion of subsequent sperm. This work focused on exploring the expression profile of genes that may be associated with cortical reactions, and evaluated the distribution of CGs in immature oocytes and the peripheral density of CGs in mature oocytes. Oocytes were isolated and then processed for in vitro maturation (IVM). Transcriptomic analysis of genes belonging to five ontological groups has been conducted. Six genes showed increased expression after IVM (ARHGEF2, MAP1B, CXCL12, FN1, DAB2, and SOX9), while the majority of genes decreased expression after IVM. Using CG distribution analysis in immature oocytes, movement towards the cortical zone of the oocyte during meiotic competence acquisition was observed. CGs peripheral density decreased with the rise in meiotic competence during the IVM process. The current results reveal important new insights into the in vitro maturation of oocytes. Our results may serve as a basis for further studies to investigate the cortical reaction of oocytes.}, number={7}, journal={GENES}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Kranc, Wieslawa and Jeseta, Michal and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Konwerska, Aneta and Ciesiolka, Sylwia and Celichowski, Piotr and Moncrieff, Lisa and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @misc{bahrami_amiri-yekta_daneshipour_jazayeri_mozdziak_sanati_gourabi_2020, title={Designing A Transgenic Chicken: Applying New Approaches toward A Promising Bioreactor}, volume={22}, ISSN={["2228-5814"]}, url={http://doi.org/10.22074/cellj.2020.6738}, DOI={10.22074/cellj.2020.6738}, abstractNote={Specific developmental characteristics of the chicken make it an attractive model for the generation of transgenic organisms. Chicken possess a strong potential for recombinant protein production and can be used as a powerful bioreactor to produce pharmaceutical and nutritional proteins. Several transgenic chickens have been generated during the last two decades via viral and non-viral transfection. Culturing chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) and their ability for germline transmission ushered in a new stage in this regard. With the advent of CRISPR/Cas9 system, a new phase of studies for manipulating genomes has begun. It is feasible to integrate a desired gene in a predetermined position of the genome using CRISPR/Cas9 system. In this review, we discuss the new approaches and technologies that can be applied to generate a transgenic chicken with regards to recombinant protein productions.}, number={2}, journal={CELL JOURNAL}, author={Bahrami, Salahadin and Amiri-Yekta, Amir and Daneshipour, Abbas and Jazayeri, Seyedeh Hoda and Mozdziak, Paul Edward and Sanati, Mohammad Hossein and Gourabi, Hamid}, year={2020}, pages={133–139} }
 @article{dompe_janowicz_hutchings_moncrieff_jankowski_nawrocki_józkowiak_mozdziak_petitte_shibli_et al._2020, title={Epigenetic Research in Stem Cell Bioengineering—Anti-Cancer Therapy, Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine in Human Clinical Trials}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/1016}, DOI={10.3390/cancers12041016}, abstractNote={The epigenome denotes all the information related to gene expression that is not contained in the DNA sequence but rather results from chemical changes to histones and DNA. Epigenetic modifications act in a cooperative way towards the regulation of gene expression, working at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, and play a key role in the determination of phenotypic variations in cells containing the same genotype. Epigenetic modifications are important considerations in relation to anti-cancer therapy and regenerative/reconstructive medicine. Moreover, a range of clinical trials have been performed, exploiting the potential of epigenetics in stem cell engineering towards application in disease treatments and diagnostics. Epigenetic studies will most likely be the basis of future cancer therapies, as epigenetic modifications play major roles in tumour formation, malignancy and metastasis. In fact, a large number of currently designed or tested clinical approaches, based on compounds regulating epigenetic pathways in various types of tumours, employ these mechanisms in stem cell bioengineering.}, journal={Cancers}, author={Dompe, Claudia and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Hutchings, Greg and Moncrieff, Lisa and Jankowski, Maurycy and Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Józkowiak, Małgorzata and mozdziak and Petitte, James and Shibli, Jamil and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{wojtanowicz-markiewicz_kulus_knap_kocherova_jankowski_stefanska_jeseta_piotrowska-kempisty_bukowska_zabel_et al._2020, title={Expression of Selected Connexin and Aquaporin Genes and Real-Time Proliferation of Porcine Endometrial Luminal Epithelial Cells in Primary Culture Model}, volume={2020}, ISSN={["2314-6141"]}, DOI={10.1155/2020/7120375}, abstractNote={Luminal epithelial cells are the first embryonic-maternal contact site undergoing very specific changes associated with reproductive processes. Cells prepare for embryo development by increasing their volume, with the help of aquaporins that provide a transcellular path of rapid water movement during the secretion and absorption of fluids, as well as connexins enabling the flow of inorganic ions and small molecules. In this work, we have examined how AQPs and Cx’s behave in luminal epithelium primary cell culture. Cells obtained from porcine specimen during slaughter were primarily in vitro cultured for 7 days. Their proliferation patterns were then analyzed using RTCA, with the expression of genes of interest evaluated with the use of immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. The results of these changes of gene of interest expression were analyzed on each of the seven days of the porcine luminal primary cell culture. Our study showed that the significant changes were noted in the case of Cx43, whose level of protein expression and distribution increases after 120 hours of culture, when the cells enter the lag phase, and maintains an upward trend until the end of the culture. We noted an increase in AQP4, AQP7, AQP8, and AQP11 levels throughout the entire culture period, while the largest differences in expression were found in AQP3, AQP4, and AQP10. The obtained results could become a point of reference for further in vivo and clinical research. Experiments conducted with these proteins showed that they influence the endometrial fluid content during the oestrous cycle and participate in the process of angiogenesis, which intensifies during endometrial development.}, journal={BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL}, author={Wojtanowicz-Markiewicz, Katarzyna and Kulus, Magdalena and Knap, Sandra and Kocherova, Ievgenia and Jankowski, Maurycy and Stefanska, Katarzyna and Jeseta, Michal and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Bukowska, Dorota and Zabel, Maciej and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Feb} }
 @article{chermula_jeseta_sujka-kordowska_konwerska_jankowski_kranc_kocherova_celichowski_antosik_bukowska_et al._2020, title={Genes regulating hormone stimulus and response to protein signaling revealed differential expression pattern during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation, confirmed by lipid concentration}, volume={154}, ISSN={["1432-119X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00418-020-01866-w}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY}, author={Chermula, Blazej and Jeseta, Michal and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Konwerska, Aneta and Jankowski, Maurycy and Kranc, Wieslawa and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Celichowski, Piotr and Antosik, Pawel and Bukowska, Dorota and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={77–95} }
 @article{chermuła_kranc_jopek_joanna_hutchings_dompe_moncrieff_janowicz_józkowiak_jeseta_et al._2020, title={Human Cumulus Cells in Long-Term In Vitro Culture Reflect Differential Expression Profile of Genes Responsible for Planned Cell Death and Aging—A Study of New Molecular Markers}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/5/1265}, DOI={10.3390/cells9051265}, abstractNote={In the ovarian follicle, maturation of the oocyte increases in the presence of somatic cells called cumulus cells (CCs). These cells form a direct barrier between the oocyte and external environment. Thanks to bidirectional communication, they have a direct impact on the oocyte, its quality and development potential. Understanding the genetic profile of CCs appears to be important in elucidating the physiology of oocytes. Long-term in vitro culture of CCs collected from patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation during in vitro fertilization procedure was conducted. Using microarray expression analysis, transcript levels were assessed on day 1, 7, 15, and 30 of culture. Apoptosis and aging of CCs strictly influence oocyte quality and subsequently the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Thus, particular attention was paid to the analysis of genes involved in programmed cell death, aging, and apoptosis. Due to the detailed level of expression analysis of each of the 133 analyzed genes, three groups were selected: first with significantly decreased expression during the culture; second with the statistically lowest increase in expression; and third with the highest significant increase in expression. COL3A1, SFRP4, CTGF, HTR2B, VCAM1, TNFRSF11B genes, belonging to the third group, were identified as potential carriers of information on oocyte quality.}, journal={Cells}, author={Chermuła, Błażej and Kranc, Wiesława and Jopek, Karol and Joanna and Hutchings, Greg and Dompe, Claudia and Moncrieff, Lisa and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Józkowiak, Małgorzata and Jeseta, Michal and et al.}, year={2020}, month={May} }
 @article{stefańska_ożegowska_hutchings_popis_moncrieff_dompe_janowicz_pieńkowski_gutaj_shibli_et al._2020, title={Human Wharton’s Jelly—Cellular Specificity, Stemness Potency, Animal Models, and Current Application in Human Clinical Trials}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/1102}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9041102}, abstractNote={Stem cell therapies offer a great promise for regenerative and reconstructive medicine, due to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity. Although embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, their utilization involves embryo destruction and is ethically controversial. Therefore, adult tissues that have emerged as an alternative source of stem cells and perinatal tissues, such as the umbilical cord, appear to be particularly attractive. Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous connective tissue contained in the umbilical cord, is abundant in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that express CD105, CD73, CD90, Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog among others, and have the ability to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and other lineages. Moreover, Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) do not express MHC-II and exhibit immunomodulatory properties, which makes them a good alternative for allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantations in cellular therapies. Therefore, umbilical cord, especially Wharton’s jelly, is a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Stefańska, Katarzyna and Ożegowska, Katarzyna and Hutchings, Greg and Popis, Małgorzata and Moncrieff, Lisa and Dompe, Claudia and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Pieńkowski, Wojciech and Gutaj, Paweł and Shibli, Jamil and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{immunoglobulin j chain as a non-invasive indicator of pregnancy in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus)_2020, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225354}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0225354}, abstractNote={The North American cheetah population serves as a reservoir for the species, and acts as a research population to help understand the unique biology of the species. Little is known about the intrauterine physiology of the cheetah, including embryo differentiation, implantation, and the development of the placenta. After mating, cheetah females frequently experience (30-65% of matings) a non-pregnant luteal phase where progestogen metabolite levels match those found in pregnant females for the first ~55 days of gestation, but parturition does not occur. Immunoglobulin J chain (IgJ) is a molecule that is involved in the activation of the secretory immune response and has been found to be indicative of pregnancy in the cheetah using fecal monitoring. In this study, western blotting was employed to track IgJ abundance in pooled weekly fecal samples following natural breeding or exogenous stimulation to ovulate, and IgJ levels were compared between individuals undergoing a pregnant (n = 12) and non-pregnant (n = 19) luteal phase. It was revealed that IgJ abundance was increased in pregnant females compared to non-pregnant females at week 4 and week 8 post-breeding, indicating the potential modulation of maternal immunity in response to sensitive events such as implantation and the increased secretory activity of the placenta. IgJ levels also tended to be higher early after breeding in females that were bred naturally with intact males compared to exogenously stimulated females with no exposure to seminal plasma, indicating the promotion of maternal tolerance to seminal antigens present upon embryonic implantation. Monitoring fecal IgJ may be a potential method to determine gestational status in the cheetah and will aid future conservation efforts of the species.}, journal={PLOS ONE}, year={2020}, month={Feb} }
 @article{jankowski_dompe_sibiak_wąsiatycz_mozdziak_jaśkowski_antosik_kempisty_konwinska_2020, title={In Vitro Cultures of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: An Overview of Methods, Molecular Analyses, and Clinical Applications}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1783}, DOI={10.3390/cells9081783}, abstractNote={Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) exhibiting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics, have been extensively studied in recent years. Because they have been shown to differentiate into lineages such as osteogenic, chondrogenic, neurogenic or myogenic, the focus of most of the current research concerns either their potential to replace bone marrow as a readily available and abundant source of MSCs, or to employ them in regenerative and reconstructive medicine. There is close to consensus regarding the methodology used for ASC isolation and culture, whereas a number of molecular analyses implicates them in potential therapies of a number of pathologies. When it comes to clinical application, there is a range of examples of animal trials and clinical studies employing ASCs, further emphasizing the advancement of studies leading to their more widespread use. Nevertheless, in vitro studies will most likely continue to play a significant role in ASC studies, both providing the molecular knowledge of their ex vivo properties and possibly serving as an important step in purification and application of those cells in a clinical setting. Therefore, it is important to consider current methods of ASC isolation, culture, and processing. Furthermore, molecular analyses and cell surface properties of ASCs are essential for animal studies, clinical studies, and therapeutic applications of the MSC properties.}, journal={Cells}, author={Jankowski, Maurycy and Dompe, Claudia and Sibiak, Rafał and Wąsiatycz, Grzegorz and mozdziak and Jaśkowski, Jędrzej M. and Antosik, Paweł and Kempisty, Bartosz and Konwinska, Marta Dyszkiewicz}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{tschuschke_kocherova_bryja_mozdziak_volponi_janowicz_sibiak_piotrowska-kempisty_iżycki_bukowska_et al._2020, title={Inclusion Biogenesis, Methods of Isolation and Clinical Application of Human Cellular Exosomes}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/436}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9020436}, abstractNote={Exosomes are a heterogenous subpopulation of extracellular vesicles 30–150 nm in range and of endosome-derived origin. We explored the exosome formation through different systems, including the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) and ESCRT-independent system, looking at the mechanisms of release. Different isolation techniques and specificities of exosomes from different tissues and cells are also discussed. Despite more than 30 years of research that followed their definition and indicated their important role in cellular physiology, the exosome biology is still in its infancy with rapidly growing interest. The reasons for the rapid increase in interest with respect to exosome biology is because they provide means of intercellular communication and transmission of macromolecules between cells, with a potential role in the development of diseases. Moreover, they have been investigated as prognostic biomarkers, with a potential for further development as diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The interest grows further with the fact that exosomes were reported as useful vectors for drugs.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Tschuschke, Max and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Bryja, Artur and mozdziak and Volponi, Ana Angelova and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Sibiak, Rafał and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Iżycki, Dariusz and Bukowska, Dorota and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Feb} }
 @article{dompe_kranc_jopek_kowalska_ciesiolka_chermuła_bryja_jankowski_perek_józkowiak_et al._2020, title={Muscle Cell Morphogenesis, Structure, Development and Differentiation Processes Are Significantly Regulated during Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells In Vitro Cultivation}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/6/2006}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9062006}, abstractNote={Granulosa cells (GCs) have many functions and are fundamental for both folliculogenesis and oogenesis, releasing hormones and communicating directly with the oocyte. Long-term in vitro cultures of GCs show significant stem-like characteristics. In the current study, RNA of human ovarian granulosa cells was collected at 1, 7, 15 and 30 days of long-term in vitro culture. Understanding the process of differentiation of GCs towards different cell lineages, as well as the molecular pathways underlying these mechanisms, is fundamental to revealing other possible stemness markers of this type of cell. Identifying new markers of GC plasticity may help to understand the aetiology and recurrence of a wide variety of diseases and health conditions and reveal possible clinical applications of the ovarian tissue cells, affecting not only the reproductive ability but also sex hormone production. Granulosa cells were the subject of this study, as they are readily available as remnant material leftover after in vitro fertilisation procedures and exhibit significant stem-like characteristics in culture. The change in gene expression was investigated through a range of molecular and bioinformatic analyses. Expression microarrays were used, allowing the identification of groups of genes typical of specific cellular pathways. This candidate gene study focused on ontological groups associated with muscle cell morphogenesis, structure, development and differentiation, namely, “muscle cell development”, “muscle cell differentiation”, “muscle contraction”, “muscle organ development”, “muscle organ morphogenesis”, “muscle structure development”, “muscle system process” and “muscle tissue development”. The results showed that the 10 most upregulated genes were keratin 19, oxytocin receptor, connective tissue growth factor, nexilin, myosin light chain kinase, cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3, caveolin 1, actin, activating transcription factor 3 and tropomyosin, while the 10 most downregulated consisted of epiregulin, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, transforming growth factor, interleukin, collagen, 5-hydroxytryptmine, interleukin 4, phosphodiesterase, wingless-type MMTV integration site family and SRY-box 9. Moreover, ultrastructural observations showing heterogeneity of granulosa cell population are presented in the study. At least two morphologically different subpopulations were identified: large, light coloured and small, darker cells. The expression of genes belonging to the mentioned ontological groups suggest the potential ability of GCs to differentiate and proliferate toward muscle lineage, showing possible application in muscle regeneration and the treatment of different diseases.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Dompe, Claudia and Kranc, Wiesława and Jopek, Karol and Kowalska, Katarzyna and Ciesiolka, Sylwia and Chermuła, Błażej and Bryja, Artur and Jankowski, Maurycy and Perek, Joanna and Józkowiak, Małgorzata and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jun} }
 @article{miramontes_kempisty_petitte_dasarathy_kulus_wieczorkiewicz_mozdziak_2020, title={Myogenic Response to Increasing Concentrations of Ammonia Differs between Mammalian, Avian, and Fish Species: Cell Differentiation and Genetic Study}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/840}, DOI={10.3390/genes11080840}, abstractNote={Ammonia is very toxic to the body and has detrimental effects on many different organ systems. Using cultured myoblast cells, we examined ammonia’s effect on myostatin expression, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, and myotube diameters. The objective of this study was to examine how murine, avian, and fish cells respond to increasing levels of ammonia up to 50 mM. The murine myoblast cell line (C2C12), primary chick, and primary tilapia myoblast cells were cultured and then exposed to 10, 25, and 50 mM ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, and an untreated control for 24 h. High levels of ammonia were detrimental to the C2C12 cells, causing increased Myostatin (MSTN) expression and decreased myotube diameters between 10 and 25 mM (p < 0.002). Ammonia at 10 mM continued the positive myogenic response in the chick, with lower MSTN expression than the C2C12 cells and larger myotube diameters, but the myotube diameter at 50 mM ammonium acetate was significantly smaller than those at 10 and 25 mM (p < 0.001). However, chick myotubes at 50 mM were still significantly larger than the sodium acetate-treated and untreated control (p < 0.001). The tilapia cells showed no significant difference in MSTN expression or myotube diameter in response to increasing the concentrations of ammonia. Overall, these results confirm that increasing concentrations of ammonia are detrimental to mammalian skeletal muscle, while chick cells responded positively at lower levels but began to exhibit a negative response at higher levels, as the tilapia experienced no detrimental effects. The differences in ammonia metabolism strategies between fish, avian, and mammalian species could potentially contribute to the differences between species in response to high levels of ammonia. Understanding how ammonia affects skeletal muscle is important for the treatment of muscle wasting observed in liver failure patients.}, journal={Genes}, author={Miramontes, Emily and Kempisty, Bartosz and Petitte, James and Dasarathy, Srinivasan and Kulus, Magdalena and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and mozdziak}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{bryja_sujka-kordowska_konwerska_ciesiółka_wieczorkiewicz_bukowska_antosik_bryl_skowronski_jaśkowski_et al._2020, title={New Gene Markers Involved in Molecular Processes of Tissue Repair, Response to Wounding and Regeneration Are Differently Expressed in Fibroblasts from Porcine Oral Mucosa during Long-Term Primary Culture}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/11/1938}, DOI={10.3390/ani10111938}, abstractNote={The mechanisms of wound healing and vascularization are crucial steps of the complex morphological process of tissue reconstruction. In addition to epithelial cells, fibroblasts play an important role in this process. They are characterized by dynamic proliferation and they form the stroma for epithelial cells. In this study, we have used primary cultures of oral fibroblasts, obtained from porcine buccal mucosa. Cells were maintained long-term in in vitro conditions, in order to investigate the expression profile of the molecular markers involved in wound healing and vascularization. Based on the Affymetrix assays, we have observed three ontological groups of markers as wound healing group, response to wounding group and vascularization group, represented by different genes characterized by their expression profile during long-term primary in vitro culture (IVC) of porcine oral fibroblasts. Following the analysis of gene expression in three previously identified groups of genes, we have identified that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), ITGB3, PDPN, and ETS1 are involved in all three processes, suggesting that these genes could be recognized as markers of repair specific for oral fibroblasts within the porcine mucosal tissue.}, journal={Animals}, author={Bryja, Artur and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Konwerska, Aneta and Ciesiółka, Sylwia and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and Bukowska, Dorota and Antosik, Paweł and Bryl, Rut and Skowronski, Mariusz and Jaśkowski, Jędrzej M. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Oct} }
 @article{dompe_moncrieff_matys_grzech-leśniak_kocherova_bryja_bruska_dominiak_mozdziak_skiba_et al._2020, title={Photobiomodulation—Underlying Mechanism and Clinical Applications}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/6/1724}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9061724}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study is to explore the possibilities for the application of laser therapy in medicine and dentistry by analyzing lasers’ underlying mechanism of action on different cells, with a special focus on stem cells and mechanisms of repair. The interest in the application of laser therapy in medicine and dentistry has remarkably increased in the last decade. There are different types of lasers available and their usage is well defined by different parameters, such as: wavelength, energy density, power output, and duration of radiation. Laser irradiation can induce a photobiomodulatory (PBM) effect on cells and tissues, contributing to a directed modulation of cell behaviors, enhancing the processes of tissue repair. Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), can induce cell proliferation and enhance stem cell differentiation. Laser therapy is a non-invasive method that contributes to pain relief and reduces inflammation, parallel to the enhanced healing and tissue repair processes. The application of these properties was employed and observed in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, such as diabetes, brain injury, spinal cord damage, dermatological conditions, oral irritation, and in different areas of dentistry.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Dompe, Claudia and Moncrieff, Lisa and Matys, Jacek and Grzech-Leśniak, Kinga and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Bryja, Artur and Bruska, Małgorzata and Dominiak, Marzena and mozdziak and Skiba, Tarcio and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jun} }
 @article{sibiak_jankowski_gutaj_mozdziak_kempisty_wender-ożegowska_2020, title={Placental Lactogen as a Marker of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes, and Fetal Growth Abnormalities: Current Knowledge and Clinical Perspectives}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/1142}, DOI={10.3390/jcm9041142}, abstractNote={Placental lactogen (PL) is a peptide hormone secreted throughout pregnancy by both animal and human specialized endocrine cells. PL plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells, stimulating their proliferation and promoting the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Cases of pregnancy affected by metabolic conditions, including obesity and diabetes, are related to alterations in the PL secretion pattern. Whereas obesity is most often associated with lower PL serum concentrations, diabetes results in increased PL blood levels. Disruptions in PL secretion are thought to be associated with an increased prevalence of gestational complications, such as placental dysfunction, diabetic retinopathy, and abnormalities in fetal growth. PL is believed to be positively correlated with birth weight. The impaired regulation of PL secretion could contribute to an increased incidence of both growth retardation and fetal macrosomia. Moreover, the dysregulation of PL production during the intrauterine period could affect the metabolic status in adulthood. PL concentration measurement could be useful in the prediction of fetal macrosomia in women with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results or in evaluating the risk of fetal growth restriction, but its application in standard clinical practice seems to be limited in the era of ultrasonography.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Sibiak, Rafał and Jankowski, Maurycy and Gutaj, Paweł and mozdziak and Kempisty, Bartosz and Wender-Ożegowska, Ewa}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{miramontes_mozdziak_petitte_kulus_wieczorkiewicz_kempisty_2020, title={Skeletal Muscle and the Effects of Ammonia Toxicity in Fish, Mammalian, and Avian Species: A Comparative Review Based on Molecular Research}, volume={21}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4641}, DOI={10.3390/ijms21134641}, abstractNote={Typically, mammalian and avian models have been used to examine the effects of ammonia on skeletal muscle. Hyperammonemia causes sarcopenia or muscle wasting, in mammals and has been linked to sarcopenia in liver disease patients. Avian models of skeletal muscle have responded positively to hyperammonemia, differing from the mammalian response. Fish skeletal muscle has not been examined as extensively as mammalian and avian muscle. Fish skeletal muscle shares similarities with avian and mammalian muscle but has notable differences in growth, fiber distribution, and response to the environment. The wide array of body sizes and locomotion needs of fish also leads to greater diversity in muscle fiber distribution and growth between different fish species. The response of fish muscle to high levels of ammonia is important for aquaculture and quality food production but has not been extensively studied to date. Understanding the differences between fish, mammalian and avian species’ myogenic response to hyperammonemia could lead to new therapies for muscle wasting due to a greater understanding of the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle regulation and how ammonia effects these mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of fish skeletal muscle and ammonia excretion and toxicity in fish, as well as a comparison to avian and mammalian species.}, number={13}, journal={International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Miramontes, Emily and mozdziak and Petitte, James and Kulus, Magdalena and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and Kempisty, Bartosz}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={4641} }
 @article{stefańska_mehr_wieczorkiewicz_kulus_volponi_shibli_mozdziak_skowronski_antosik_jaśkowski_et al._2020, title={Stemness Potency of Human Gingival Cells—Application in Anticancer Therapies and Clinical Trials}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1916}, DOI={10.3390/cells9081916}, abstractNote={Gingivae, as the part of periodontium, are involved in tooth support and possess the ability to heal rapidly, without scar formation. Recently, dental tissues have been identified as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and several populations of MSCs were isolated from the orofacial region, including gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs exhibit robust immunomodulatory and differentiation potential and are easily obtainable, which make them promising candidates for cellular therapies. Apart from being tested for application in immunologic- and inflammatory-related disorders and various tissue regeneration, GMSCs promise to be a valuable tool in cancer treatment, especially in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) with the use of targeted therapy, since GMSCs are able to selectively migrate towards the cancerous cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition to their ability to uptake and release anti-neoplastic drugs, GMSCs may be transduced with apoptosis-inducing factors and used for cancer growth inhibition. Moreover, GMSCs, as most mammalian cells, secrete exosomes, which are a subset of extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40–160 nm, containing DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, and proteins. Such GMSCs-derived exosomes may be useful therapeutic tool in cell-free therapy, as well as their culture medium. GMSCs exhibit molecular and stem-cell properties that make them well suited in preclinical and clinical studies.}, journal={Cells}, author={Stefańska, Katarzyna and Mehr, Katarzyna and Wieczorkiewicz, Maria and Kulus, Magdalena and Volponi, Ana Angelova and Shibli, Jamil and mozdziak and Skowronski, Mariusz Tomasz and Antosik, Paweł and Jaśkowski, Jędrzej M. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Aug} }
 @misc{hutchings_janowicz_moncrieff_dompe_strauss_kocherova_nawrocki_kruszyna_wasiatycz_antosik_et al._2020, title={The Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Neovascularization and Angiogenesis}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/11/3790}, DOI={10.3390/ijms21113790}, abstractNote={Neovascularization and angiogenesis are vital processes in the repair of damaged tissue, creating new blood vessel networks and increasing oxygen and nutrient supply for regeneration. The importance of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) contained in the adipose tissue surrounding blood vessel networks to these processes remains unknown and the exact mechanisms responsible for directing adipogenic cell fate remain to be discovered. As adipose tissue contains a heterogenous population of partially differentiated cells of adipocyte lineage; tissue repair, angiogenesis and neovascularization may be closely linked to the function of ASCs in a complex relationship. This review aims to investigate the link between ASCs and angiogenesis/neovascularization, with references to current studies. The molecular mechanisms of these processes, as well as ASC differentiation and proliferation are described in detail. ASCs may differentiate into endothelial cells during neovascularization; however, recent clinical trials have suggested that ASCs may also stimulate angiogenesis and neovascularization indirectly through the release of paracrine factors.}, number={11}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Hutchings, Greg and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Moncrieff, Lisa and Dompe, Claudia and Strauss, Ewa and Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Nawrocki, Mariusz J. and Kruszyna, Lukasz and Wasiatycz, Grzegorz and Antosik, Pawel and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jun} }
 @article{gutaj_sibiak_jankowski_awdi_bryl_mozdziak_kempisty_wender-ożegowska_2020, title={The Role of the Adipokines in the Most Common Gestational Complications}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9408}, DOI={10.3390/ijms21249408}, abstractNote={Adipocytokines are hormonally active molecules that are believed to play a key role in the regulation of crucial biological processes in the human body. Numerous experimental studies established significant alterations in the adipokine secretion patterns throughout pregnancy. The exact etiology of various gestational complications, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and fetal growth abnormalities, needs to be fully elucidated. The discovery of adipokines raised questions about their potential contribution to the molecular pathophysiology of those diseases. Multiple studies analyzed their local mRNA expression and circulating protein levels. However, most studies report conflicting results. Several adipokines such as leptin, resistin, irisin, apelin, chemerin, and omentin were proposed as potential novel early markers of heterogeneous gestational complications. The inclusion of the adipokines in the standard predictive multifactorial models could improve their prognostic values. Nonetheless, their independent diagnostic value is mostly insufficient to be implemented into standard clinical practice. Routine assessments of adipokine levels during pregnancy are not recommended in the management of both normal and complicated pregnancies. Based on the animal models (e.g., apelin and its receptors in the rodent preeclampsia models), future implementation of adipokines and their receptors as new therapeutic targets appears promising but requires further validation in humans.}, journal={International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, author={Gutaj, Paweł and Sibiak, Rafał and Jankowski, Maurycy and Awdi, Karina and Bryl, Rut and mozdziak and Kempisty, Bartosz and Wender-Ożegowska, Ewa}, year={2020}, month={Dec} }
 @article{jozkowiak_hutchings_jankowski_kulcenty_mozdziak_kempisty_spaczynski_piotrowska-kempisty_2020, title={The Stemness of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells and the Role of Resveratrol in the Differentiation of MSCs—A Review Based on Cellular and Molecular Knowledge}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/6/1418}, DOI={10.3390/cells9061418}, abstractNote={Ovarian Granulosa Cells (GCs) are known to proliferate in the developing follicle and undergo several biochemical processes during folliculogenesis. They represent a multipotent cell population that has been differentiated to neuronal cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro. However, progression and maturation of GCs are accompanied by a reduction in their stemness. In the developing follicle, GCs communicate with the oocyte bidirectionally via gap junctions. Together with neighboring theca cells, they play a crucial role in steroidogenesis, particularly the production of estradiol, as well as progesterone following luteinization. Many signaling pathways are known to be important throughout the follicle development, leading either towards luteinization and release of the oocyte, or follicular atresia and apoptosis. These signaling pathways include cAMP, PI3K, SMAD, Hedgehog (HH), Hippo and Notch, which act together in a complex manner to control the maturation of GCs through regulation of key genes, from the primordial follicle to the luteal phase. Small molecules such as resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in grapes, peanuts and other dietary constituents, may be able to activate/inhibit these signaling pathways and thereby control physiological properties of GCs. This article reviews the current knowledge about granulosa stem cells, the signaling pathways driving their development and maturation, as well as biological activities of resveratrol and its properties as a pro-differentiation agent.}, journal={Cells}, author={Jozkowiak, Malgorzata and Hutchings, Greg and Jankowski, Maurycy and Kulcenty, Katarzyna and mozdziak and Kempisty, Bartosz and Spaczynski, Robert Z. and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna}, year={2020}, month={Jun} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_sujka-kordowska_mozdziak_jankowski_konwerska_kulus_bukowska_skowronski_piotrowska-kempisty_et al._2020, title={The processes of cellular growth, aging, and programmed cell death are involved in lifespan of ovarian granulosa cells during short-term IVC - Study based on animal model}, volume={148}, ISSN={["1879-3231"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.044}, abstractNote={Abstract The oogenesis and folliculogenesis are closely linked and occur simultaneously in the growing ovarian follicles. Biochemical and morphological changes in oocytes (OC) and surrounding granulosa cells (GCs) are highly complex and depend on many factors, including intercellular communication. GCs are cells with many functions, often crucial for the proper viability of the oocyte and subsequent positive fertilization. The purpose of this study was to analyze gene expression in porcine GCs, to define differentially expressed genes belongs to the “cell growth”, “aging”, “positive regulation of death”, “apoptotic process”, “regulation of death”, cell death and negative regulation of death ontology groups during the short – term primary in vitro culture. Microarrays were employed to study the transcriptome contained in the total RNA of the cultured GCs. Ovaries were obtained after slaughter, from 40 gilts of swine aged 170 days. The cells were obtained through puncture of the ovaries, collection of follicular fluid, removal of the cumulus - oocyte complexes and centrifugation. The cells were then cultured in vitro. The RNA material was obtained before the culture was established (0h) and then after 48h, 96h and 144h of its course. From 182 differently expressed genes belonging to the these ontology groups, we have selected POSTN, FN1, FMOD, ITGB3, DCN, SERPINB2, SFRP2, IGFBP5, EMP1, and CCL2 which were upregulated, as well as DAPL1, ESR1, IHH, TGFBR3, PPARD, PDK4, TXNIP, IFIT3, CSRNP3, and TNFSF10 genes whose expression was downregulated during the time of in vitro culture of the GCs. The significance of the differential gene expression is to provide new information on the molecular aspects of in vitro granulosa culture.}, journal={THERIOGENOLOGY}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Kranc, Wieslawa and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Mozdziak, Paul and Jankowski, Maurycy and Konwerska, Aneta and Kulus, Jakub and Bukowska, Dorota and Skowronski, Mariusz and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and et al.}, year={2020}, month={May}, pages={76–88} }
 @article{kulus_kranc_sujka-kordowska_celichowski_konwerska_maurycyjankowski_jeseta_skowronski_piotrowska-kempisty_bukowska_et al._2020, title={Transcriptomic analysis of expression of genes regulating cell cycle progression in porcine ovarian granulosa cells during short-term in vitro primary culture}, volume={153}, ISSN={["1432-119X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00418-020-01860-2}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY}, author={Kulus, Magdalena and Kranc, Wieslawa and Sujka-Kordowska, Patrycja and Celichowski, Piotr and Konwerska, Aneta and MaurycyJankowski and Jeseta, Michal and Skowronski, Mariusz T. and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Bukowska, Dorota and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={397–412} }
 @article{golkar-narenji_petitte_mozdziak_2020, title={Transgenic chicken/poultry birds: serving us for survival}, ISBN={["978-0-12-816352-8"]}, DOI={10.1016/B978-0-12-816352-8.00009-6}, abstractNote={Avian transgenesis has been considered as a useful tool for many purposes including improvement of the poultry industry, production of recombinant proteins and developmental biology. Due to the importance of the poultry industry in human nutrition, many efforts have been made for the improvement of the poultry industry in the aspect of egg and meat production for higher quantity or quality. After the development of transgenic technology the idea of transgenic poultry was raised for the application of this technology in the poultry industry. Due to the important role of recombinant proteins and humanized antibodies for medical and diagnostic purposes, mass production of these biological macromolecules is very important in human health. Development of transgenic technology in poultry science possibly helps to improve the efficiency of poultry industry productions and it may cause the development of different branches of avian industry with novel productions.}, journal={GENOMICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN VETERINARY, POULTRY, AND FISHERIES}, author={Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Petitte, James N. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2020}, pages={211–221} }
 @article{ammonia induces a myostatin-mediated atrophy in mammalian myotubes, but induces hypertrophy in avian myotubes_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2019.00115}, DOI={10.3389/fsufs.2019.00115}, abstractNote={Ammonia, a byproduct of protein catabolism that is generally regarded as toxic, is processed by the liver for excretion. In diseases resulting in hepatic insufficiency, circulating ammonia levels increase dramatically, ensuing secondary disorders. Sarcopenia, or loss of muscle mass, is commonly associated with hyperammonemia. In mammalian models of cirrhosis, increased myostatin is consistent, contributes to muscle autophagy, and reduces satellite cell activation and differentiation, whereas, avian species show a positive myogenic response to ammonia. The objective of the study was to elucidate the effect of ammonia in chicken, mouse, and rat derived myotubes. Primary myoblasts were isolated from the pectoralis major (breast) and biceps femoris (thigh) of embryonic day 17 chicken embryos, and from the hindlimbs of 3-day-old rat pups. C2C12 cells were used for mouse myoblasts. Myotubes were exposed to 10mM ammonium acetate (AA) or 10mM sodium acetate (SA) for 24 hours to determine myogenic response to ammonia. Relative expression of myostatin mRNA, determined by quantitative real-time PCR, was significantly higher in mammalian myotubes compared to chicken myotubes (P < 0.001). Western blot analysis of myostatin protein confirmed a significant increase in ammonia treated rat myotubes, while chicken breast myotubes showed a significant decrease in myostatin (P < 0.05). Myotube diameter significantly increased in chicken breast and thigh cultures treated with ammonia, while diameter was significantly reduced in mouse and rat myotubes (P < 0.05). Intracellular glutamine is significantly higher in chicken thigh, but not breast, myotubes treated with AA compared to SA treated myotubes (P < 0.05). To investigate fiber type differences in ammonia metabolism, Western blot analysis of protein from AA and SA treated myotubes was examined for fast and slow myosin heavy chain isoforms. AA treatment resulted in a higher ratio of fast to slow isoforms of myosin heavy chain in both types of chicken myotubes, while fast isoforms were decreased in AA treated mouse and rat myotubes. These data demonstrate that chicken myotubes respond positively to ammonia while rodent myotubes respond negatively. Further, there is evidence that ammonia induces a fast fiber type shift in avian muscle, but a slow phenotype shift in mammalian muscle.}, journal={Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{application potential and plasticity of human stem cells_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0019}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0019}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{biochemical properties of cofactor and coenzyme metabolism in porcine oviductal epithelial cells – a microarray study_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0017}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0017}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{cardiac stem cell therapy, resident progenitor cells and the role of cellular signalling; a review_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0015}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0015}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{coenzyme and cofactor metabolism belongs to biochemical processes significantly regulated in human granulosa cells collected after ivf during long-term primary in vitro culture_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0021}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0021}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{current clinical applications of adipose-derived stem cells in humans and animals_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0014}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0014}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{stern_mozdziak_2019, title={Differential ammonia metabolism and toxicity between avian and mammalian species, and effect of ammonia on skeletal muscle: A comparative review}, volume={103}, ISSN={["1439-0396"]}, DOI={10.1111/jpn.13080}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION}, author={Stern, Rachel A. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={774–785} }
 @article{evidence for existence of molecular stemness markers in porcine ovarian follicular granulosa cells_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0025}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0025}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{stern_mozdziak_2019, title={Glutamine synthetase in avian muscle contributes to a positive myogenic response to ammonia compared with mammalian muscle}, volume={317}, ISSN={["1522-1490"]}, DOI={10.1152/ajpregu.00232.2018}, abstractNote={In mammalian models of cirrhosis, plasma ammonia concentration increases, having numerous adverse effects, including sarcopenia. The objective of this study was to identify differences between avian and mammalian myogenic response to applied ammonia and glutamine. Primary chicken breast and thigh, primary rat, and C2C12myotubes were treated with ammonium acetate (AA, 10 mM) or glutamine (10 mM) for 24 h and compared with sodium acetate (10 mM) and untreated controls. Myostatin mRNA was significantly higher in C2C12and rat myotubes treated with AA compared with glutamine and controls ( P < 0.01), whereas myostatin was unchanged in chicken myotubes. AA-treated C2C12myotubes had significantly higher glutamine synthetase (GS) mRNA expression compared with controls, but GS protein expression was unchanged. In contrast, GS mRNA expression was unchanged in thigh myotubes, but GS protein expression was significantly higher in AA-treated thigh myotubes ( P < 0.05). In both breast and thigh myotubes, intracellular glutamine concentration was significantly increased in AA- and glutamine-treated myotubes compared with controls but was only increased in glutamine-treated C2C12and rat myotubes ( P < 0.05). Glutamine concentration was significantly higher in all treatment media collected from avian myotube cultures compared with both C2C12and rat media ( P < 0.01). Myotube diameter was significantly larger in avian myotubes after treatment with both AA and glutamine ( P < 0.05). C2C12and rat myotubes had a significantly smaller myotube diameter after AA treatment ( P < 0.001). Altogether, these data support species differences in skeletal muscle ammonia metabolism and suggest that glutamine synthesis is a mechanism of ammonia utilization in avian muscle.}, number={1}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Stern, Rachel Allysa and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={R214–R221} }
 @article{human dental pulp stem cells: recent findings and current research_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0016}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0016}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{brązert_kranc_chermuła_kowalska_jankowski_celichowski_jeseta_piotrowska-kempisty_pawelczyk_zabel_et al._2019, title={Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells Isolated during an IVF Procedure Exhibit Differential Expression of Genes Regulating Cell Division and Mitotic Spindle Formation}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8122026}, DOI={10.3390/jcm8122026}, abstractNote={Granulosa cells (GCs) are a population of somatic cells whose role after ovulation is progesterone production. GCs were collected from patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation during an in vitro fertilization procedure, and they were maintained for 1, 7, 15, and 30 days of in vitro primary culture before collection for further gene expression analysis. A study of genes involved in the biological processes of interest was carried out using expression microarrays. To validate the obtained results, Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed. The direction of changes in the expression of the selected genes was confirmed in most of the examples. Six ontological groups (“cell cycle arrest”, “cell cycle process”, “mitotic spindle organization”, “mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint”, “mitotic spindle assembly”, and “mitotic spindle checkpoint”) were analyzed in this study. The results of the microarrays obtained by us allowed us to identify two groups of genes whose expressions were the most upregulated (FAM64A, ANLN, TOP2A, CTGF, CEP55, BIRC5, PRC1, DLGAP5, GAS6, and NDRG1) and the most downregulated (EREG, PID1, INHA, RHOU, CXCL8, SEPT6, EPGN, RDX, WNT5A, and EZH2) during the culture. The cellular ultrastructure showed the presence of structures characteristic of mitotic cell division: a centrosome surrounded by a pericentric matrix, a microtubule system, and a mitotic spindle connected to chromosomes. The main goal of the study was to identify the genes involved in mitotic division and to identify the cellular ultrastructure of GCs in a long-term in vitro culture. All of the genes in these groups were subjected to downstream analysis, and their function and relation to the ovarian environment are discussed. The obtained results suggest that long-term in vitro cultivation of GCs may lead to their differentiation toward another cell type, including cells with cancer-like characteristics.}, journal={Journal of Clinical Medicine}, author={Brązert, Maciej and Kranc, Wiesława and Chermuła, Błażej and Kowalska, Katarzyna and Jankowski, Maurycy and Celichowski, Piotr and Jeseta, Michal and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Pawelczyk, Leszek and Zabel, Maciej and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{kocherova_bryja_mozdziak_volponi_dyszkiewicz-konwinska_piotrowska-kempisty_antosik_bukowska_bruska_izycki_et al._2019, title={Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Co-Culture with Osteogenic Cells: From Molecular Communication to Engineering Prevascularised Bone Grafts}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2077-0383"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/10/1602}, DOI={10.3390/jcm8101602}, abstractNote={The repair of bone defects caused by trauma, infection or tumor resection is a major clinical orthopedic challenge. The application of bone grafts in orthopedic procedures is associated with a problem of inadequate vascularization in the initial phase after implantation. Meanwhile, the survival of cells within the implanted graft and its integration with the host tissue is strongly dependent on nutrient and gaseous exchange, as well as waste product removal, which are effectuated by blood microcirculation. In the bone tissue, the vasculature also delivers the calcium and phosphate indispensable for the mineralization process. The critical role of vascularization for bone healing and function, led the researchers to the idea of generating a capillary-like network within the bone graft in vitro, which could allow increasing the cell survival and graft integration with a host tissue. New strategies for engineering pre-vascularized bone grafts, that apply the co-culture of endothelial and bone-forming cells, have recently gained interest. However, engineering of metabolically active graft, containing two types of cells requires deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms of interaction between these cells. The present review focuses on the best-characterized endothelial cells—human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)—attempting to estimate whether the co-culture approach, using these cells, could bring us closer to development and possible clinical application of prevascularized bone grafts.}, number={10}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE}, author={Kocherova, Ievgeniia and Bryja, Artur and Mozdziak, Paul and Volponi, Ana Angelova and Dyszkiewicz-Konwinska, Marta and Piotrowska-Kempisty, Hanna and Antosik, Pawel and Bukowska, Dorota and Bruska, Malgorzata and Izycki, Dariusz and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Oct} }
 @article{nucleotide, ribonucleotide and ribonucleoside binding belongs to differentially expressed genes in porcine epithelial oviductal cells during longterm primary cultivation_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0022}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0022}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{ovarian follicular cells - living in the shadow of stemness cellular competence_2019, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acb-2019-0018}, DOI={10.2478/acb-2019-0018}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Medical Journal of Cell Biology}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{torkashvand_fathi_shahverdi_golkar_mozdziak_eimani_2019, title={The in vitro effect of chick embryo extract on mice pre-antral follicles}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2322-3618"]}, DOI={10.30466/vrf.2019.79305.2054}, abstractNote={Chick embryo extract (CEE) contains a variety of growth factors which may improve in vitro follicle growth. Therefore, the effect of CEE on mouse pre-antral follicle culture was evaluated. Different percentages of CEE (0, 0.50%, 1.00%, 5.00% and 10.00%) were added to culture medium. Hence, the osmolarity of media was measured. Pre-antral follicles with diameter of 120-150 μm were isolated from 12-14 days old mouse ovary and cultured for 12 days. After culture, the maturation rate was assessed. Granulosa cells viability was evaluated using MTT test and estradiol levels were evaluated using related radio-immunoassay (RIA). Genes expression (BMP15 and ALK6) was also evaluated. The osmolarity of media and granulosa cells viability were the same in all groups. Estradiol level in group with 10.00% CEE was significantly decreased compared to the control group. After 12 days culture, the percentage of antral follicles development was significantly higher in the group with 5.00% CEE compared to control group. The percentage of metaphase II and germinal vesicle breakdown oocytes was significantly higher in group 5.00% CEE compared to control group. The expression of BMP15 gene in antral follicles in 5.00% CEE and control groups was significantly lower compared to pre-antral follicles. However, the expression of ALK6 gene in antral follicles in 5.00% CEE and control groups was not significantly different compared to pre-antral follicles. The increasing effect of CEE on follicle viability with keeping normal gene expression indicates that addition of proper percentage of CEE to culture media improves culture conditions, making it a possible choice to be used as a follicular growth enhancer in infertility clinics.}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM}, author={Torkashvand, Hossein and Fathi, Rouhollah and Shahverdi, Abdolhossein and Golkar, Afsaneh and Mozdziak, Paul Edward and Eimani, Hussein}, year={2019}, pages={213–219} }
 @article{chen_song_chen_zhu_cai_sun_stern_mozdziak_ge_means_et al._2018, title={Characterization of TTN Novex Splicing Variants across Species and the Role of RBM20 in Novex-Specific Exon Splicing}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042059878&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3390/genes9020086}, abstractNote={Titin (TTN) is a major disease-causing gene in cardiac muscle. Titin (TTN) contains 363 exons in human encoding various sizes of TTN protein due to alternative splicing regulated mainly by RNA binding motif 20 (RBM20). Three isoforms of TTN protein are produced by mutually exclusive exons 45 (Novex 1), 46 (Novex 2), and 48 (Novex 3). Alternatively splicing in Novex isoforms across species and whether Novex isoforms are associated with heart disease remains completely unknown. Cross-species exon comparison with the mVISTA online tool revealed that exon 45 is more highly conserved across all species than exons 46 and 48. Importantly, a conserved region between exons 47 and 48 across species was revealed for the first time. Reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and DNA sequencing confirmed a new exon named as 48′ in Novex 3. In addition, with primer pairs for Novex 1, a new truncated form preserving introns 44 and 45 was discovered. We discovered that Novex 2 is not expressed in the pig, mouse, and rat with Novex 2 primer pairs. Unexpectedly, three truncated forms were identified. One TTN variant with intron 46 retention is mainly expressed in the human and frog heart, another variant with co-expression of exons 45 and 46 exists predominantly in chicken and frog heart, and a third with retention of introns 45 and 46 is mainly expressed in pig, mouse, rat, and chicken. Using Rbm20 knockout rat heart, we revealed that RBM20 is not a splicing regulator of Novex variants. Furthermore, the expression levels of Novex variants in human hearts with cardiomyopathies suggested that Novexes 2 and 3 could be associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and/or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Taken together, our study reveals that splicing diversity of Novex exons across species and Novex variants might play a role in cardiomyopathy.}, number={2}, journal={GENES}, author={Chen, Zhilong and Song, Jiangping and Chen, Liang and Zhu, Chaoqun and Cai, Hanfang and Sun, Mingming and Stern, Allysa and Mozdziak, Paul and Ge, Ying and Means, Warrie J. and et al.}, year={2018}, month={Feb} }
 @article{maaeni_lee_choi_mozdziak_kim_2018, title={Cloning of japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) follistatin and production of bioactive quail follistatin288 in escherichia coli}, volume={17}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85041716614&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2018.8.21}, abstractNote={Background and Objective: Follistatin (FST) is a cysteine-rich autocrine glycoprotein and plays an important role in mammalian prenatal and postnatal development.The FST binds to and inhibits myostatin (MSTN), a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, thus FST abundance enhances muscle growth in animals.The objective of this study was to determine cDNA sequence of quail FST and to produce biologically active quail FST288 (qFST288) in an Escherichia coli (E.coli) expression system.Materials and Methods: Total RNA isolated from quail ovary tissue was used in performing 3'-and 5'-RACE to determine the full-length mRNA sequence of quail FST.The full-length quail FST cDNA consisted of 1118 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1032 bp.The qFST amino acid sequence deduced from qFST cDNA was identical to chicken FST except the sequence at 28 position.To produce recombinant qFST288 protein, Gibson assembly cloning method was used to insert the DNA fragments of qFST288 into pMALc5x vector downstream of the maltose-binding protein (MBP) gene and the plasmids containing the inserts were eventually transformed into shuffle E. coli strain for protein expression.Results: Soluble expression of the qFST288 protein was achieved through the experiments and the protein could be easily purified by the combination of amylose and heparin resin affinity chromatography.In an in vitro reporter gene assay, MBP-qFST288 demonstrated its capacity to suppress the activities of MSTN or activin A. Conclusion: Through cloning of quail FST cDNA, it was discovered that amino acid sequence of quail FST is identical to that of chicken FST.In addition, it was demonstrated that bioactive qFST288 could be produced in E. coli.}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Maaeni, Y.M. and Lee, S.B. and Choi, D.H. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Kim, Y.S.}, year={2018}, pages={8–21} }
 @article{shoeibi_mozdziak_mohammadi_2018, title={Important signals regulating coronary artery angiogenesis}, volume={117}, ISSN={["1095-9319"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85038022303&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.mvr.2017.12.002}, abstractNote={Angiogenesis is a complex process of budding, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing microvessels, via migration, proliferation and survival. Vascular angiogenesis factors include different classes of molecules that have a fundamental role in blood vessel formation. Numerous inducers of angiogenesis, such as the members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin (Ang), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), have an important role in angiogenesis. However, VEGF, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression appear to be important in intraplaque angiogenesis. Interaction and combined effects between growth factors is essential in endothelial cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and endothelial cell-cell communication that ultimately lead to the microvessel formation. Since VEGF has a key role during angiogenesis; it may be considered as a good therapeutic target in the clinic. The essential function of several angiogenic factors involved in coronary angiogenesis and intraplaque angiogenesis in atherosclerosis are carefully considered along with the use of angiogenic factors in clinical practice.}, journal={MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH}, author={Shoeibi, Sara and Mozdziak, Paul and Mohammadi, Shabnam}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={1–9} }
 @article{farzaneh_attari_khoshnam_mozdziak_2018, title={The method of chicken whole embryo culture using the eggshell windowing, surrogate eggshell and ex ovo culture system}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1466-1799"]}, DOI={10.1080/00071668.2017.1413234}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT 1. The unique accessibility of the avian embryo have made them an ideal model for the study of development and genome editing. Chicken whole embryo culture has provided important insights into toxicity tests, gene manipulation, clarifying gene functions, cell transplantation and cell tracking. 2. A simple technique for chicken manipulation is eggshell windowing, without or with seal, the latter having demonstrated some improvement in hatching rates. 3. Likewise, a surrogate eggshell system provides an accessible model for manipulation during chicken and quail development, with a higher hatchability compared to the simple windowing method. 4. The development of the chicken ex ovo culture systems in a synthetic environment as an efficient technique for imaging and microsurgery applications has enabled the study of important events of live chicken embryos at a specific time point. 5. This short review illustrates recent applications of well-designed whole embryo culture systems as a robust model for research into numerous biological mechanism, drug discovery, gene manipulating and production of functional proteins.}, number={2}, journal={BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Farzaneh, M. and Attari, F. and Khoshnam, S. E. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2018}, pages={240–244} }
 @article{chen_maimaiti_zhu_cai_stern_mozdziak_ge_ford_nathanielsz_guo_2018, title={Z-band and M-band titin splicing and regulation by RNA binding motif 20 in striated muscles}, volume={119}, ISSN={["1097-4644"]}, DOI={10.1002/jcb.27328}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY}, author={Chen, Zhilong and Maimaiti, Rexiati and Zhu, Chaoqun and Cai, Hanfang and Stern, Allysa and Mozdziak, Paul and Ge, Ying and Ford, Stephen P. and Nathanielsz, Peter W. and Guo, Wei}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={9986–9996} }
 @article{stern_dasarathy_mozdziak_2017, title={Ammonia elicits a different myogenic response in avian and murine myotubes}, volume={53}, ISSN={["1543-706X"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84984622681&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11626-016-0088-z}, abstractNote={Increased myostatin expression, resulting in muscle loss, has been associated with hyperammonemia in mammalian models of cirrhosis. However, there is evidence that hyperammonemia in avian embryos results in a reduction of myostatin expression, suggesting a proliferative myogenic environment. The present in vitro study examines species differences in myotube and liver cell response to ammonia using avian and murine-derived cells. Primary myoblasts and liver cells were isolated from embryonic day 15 and 17 chick embryos to be compared with mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and liver (AML12) cells. Cells were exposed to varying concentrations of ammonium acetate (AA; 2.5, 5, or 10 mM) to determine the effects of ammonia on the cells. Relative expression of myostatin mRNA, determined by quantitative real-time PCR, was significantly increased in AA (10 mM) treated C2C12 myotubes compared to both ages of chick embryonic myotube cultures after 48 h (P < 0.02). Western blot analysis of myostatin protein confirmed an increase in myostatin expression in AA-treated C2C12 myotubes compared to the sodium acetate (SA) controls, while myostatin expression was decreased in the chick embryonic myotube cultures when treated with AA. Myotube diameter was significantly decreased in AA-treated C2C12 myotubes compared to controls, while avian myotube diameter increased with AA treatment (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between avian and murine liver cell viability, assessed using 2', 7'- bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6-)-carboxyfluorescein, acetoxymethyl ester, when treated with AA. However, after 24 h, AA-treated avian myotubes showed a significant increase in cell viability compared to the C2C12 myotubes (P < 0.05). Overall, it appears that there is a positive myogenic response to hyperammonemia in avian myotubes compared to murine myotubes, which supports a proliferative myogenic environment.}, number={2}, journal={IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL}, author={Stern, Rachel A. and Dasarathy, Srinivasan and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2017}, month={Feb}, pages={99–110} }
 @article{zand-vakili_golkar-narenji_mozdziak_eimani_2017, title={An in vitro study on oocyte and follicles of transplanted ovaries treated with vascular endothelial growth factor}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1309-0380"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85040685414&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.4274/jtgga.2017.0026}, abstractNote={Objective: Retrieval of high quality follicles and oocytes from transplanted ovaries is essential for higher fertility preservation efficiency. The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was evaluated on the survival rate of preantral follicles following ovarian transplantation. Material and Methods: Prepubertal female mice were divided to 6 groups including: control (C), transplanted with no VEGF treatment (T) and transplanted with different dosages of VEGF [0.5 µg/mL (TV1), 1 µg/mL (TV2), 2 µg/mL (TV3), and 4 µg/mL (TV4)]. Twenty-one days later, the left ovaries were removed and transplanted on gluteal muscle. Each dose was injected directly into transplanted ovary. Twenty-one days after transplantation, the ovaries were taken, and follicles and cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were released using 26-gauge needles with a stereo microscope. The number of healthy COCs, matured oocytes, and in vitro developed embryos after fertilization in vitro were evaluated to determine the best dose of VEGF. Follicle number and follicular growth was evaluated relative to the dose of VEGF provided. Transplantation and VEGF treatment with the best dose was performed as mentioned above and in vitro follicle growth in transplanted ovaries was compared with opposite ovaries (OPP). Results: COC retrieval was significantly lower in the transplanted groups compared with the control group (p<0.05). The percentage of metaphase II oocytes was significantly lower in the group treated with 4 µg/mL VEGF compared with the controls (p<0.01). In the TV2 (1 µg/mL) and TV3 (2 µg/mL) groups, the percentages of morula and blastocysts were significantly improved compared with the T group (p<0.01). In the OPP group, the number of follicles was significantly higher compared with the transplanted groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: The improving effect of VEGF on in vitro maturation and in vitro development outcome indicates that VEGF administration may increase transplantation efficiency for fertility preservation.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH-GERMAN GYNECOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Zand-Vakili, Maryam and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Eimani, Hussein}, year={2017}, month={Dec}, pages={167–173} }
 @article{farzaneh_hassani_mozdziak_baharvand_2017, title={Avian embryos and related cell lines: A convenient platform for recombinant proteins and vaccine production}, volume={12}, ISSN={1860-6768}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/BIOT.201600598}, DOI={10.1002/biot.201600598}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Biotechnology Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Farzaneh, Maryam and Hassani, Seyedeh-Nafiseh and Mozdziak, Paul and Baharvand, Hossein}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={1600598} }
 @misc{shoeibi_mozdziak_golkar-narenji_2017, title={Biogenesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Green Chemistry}, volume={375}, ISSN={["2364-8961"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85034047511&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s41061-017-0176-x}, abstractNote={Selenium binds some enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, which may be activated in biological infections and oxidative stress. Chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanoparticles, apart from being expensive, have their own particular risks. However, nanoparticle synthesis through green chemistry is a safe procedure that different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and plants can be the catalyst bed for processing. Synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by macro/microorganisms causes variation in morphology and shape of the particles is due to diversity of reduction enzymes in organisms. Reducing enzymes of microorganisms by changing the status of redox convert metal ions (Se 2- ) to SeNPs without charge (Se 0 ). Biological activity of SeNPs includes their protective role against DNA oxidation. Because of the biological and industrial properties, SeNPs have wide applications in the fields of medicine, microelectronic, agriculture and animal husbandry. SeNPs can show strong antimicrobial effects on the growth and proliferation of microorganisms in a dose-dependent manner. The objective of this review is to consider SeNPs applications to various organisms.}, number={6}, journal={TOPICS IN CURRENT CHEMISTRY}, author={Shoeibi, Sara and Mozdziak, Paul and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh}, year={2017}, month={Dec} }
 @article{mocka_stern_fletcher_anderson_petitte_mozdziak_2017, title={Chemoprevention of spontaneous ovarian cancer in the domestic hen}, volume={96}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew422}, DOI={10.3382/ps/pew422}, abstractNote={&NA; The hen is an attractive animal model for in vivo testing of agents that thwart ovarian carcinogenesis because ovarian cancer in the domestic hen features clinical and molecular alterations that are similar to ovarian cancer in humans, including a high incidence of p53 mutations. The objective of the study was to test the potential ovarian cancer chemopreventive effect of the p53 stabilizing compound CP‐31398 on hens that spontaneously present the ovarian cancer phenotype. Beginning at 79 wk of age, 576 egg‐laying hens (Gallus domesticus) were randomized to diets containing different amounts of CP‐31398 for 94 wk, 5 d, comprising a control group (C) (n = 144), which was fed a diet containing 0 ppm (mg/kg) of CP‐31398; a low‐dose treatment (LDT) group (n = 144), which was fed a diet containing 100 ppm of CP‐31398; a moderate‐dose treatment (MDT) group (n = 144) which was fed a diet containing 200 ppm of CP‐31398; and a high‐dose treatment (HDT) group (n = 144), which was fed a diet containing 300 ppm of CP‐31398. Hens were killed at 174 wk of age to determine the incidence of ovarian and oviductal adenocarcinomas. Whereas the incidence of localized and metastatic ovarian cancers in the MDT and HDT groups was significantly lower (up to 77%) compared to levels in the C and LDT groups (P < 0.05), the incidence of oviductal cancer was unaffected by CP‐31398. CP‐31398 appears to be an effective tool for chemoprevention against ovarian malignancies, but does not appear to affect oviductal malignancies.}, number={6}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Mocka, E.H. and Stern, R.A. and Fletcher, O.J. and Anderson, K.E. and Petitte, J.N. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={1901–1909} }
 @misc{bazgir_fathi_valojerdi_mozdziak_asgari_2017, title={Satellite cells contribution to exercise mediated muscle hypertrophy and repair}, volume={18}, number={4}, journal={Cell Journal}, author={Bazgir, B. and Fathi, R. and Valojerdi, M. R. and Mozdziak, P. and Asgari, A.}, year={2017}, pages={473–484} }
 @misc{farzaneh_attari_mozdziak_khoshnam_2017, title={The evolution of chicken stem cell culture methods}, volume={58}, ISSN={["1466-1799"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85029899606&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/00071668.2017.1365354}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT 1. The avian embryo is an excellent model for studying embryology and the production of pharmaceutical proteins in transgenic chickens. Furthermore, chicken stem cells have the potential for proliferation and differentiation and emerged as an attractive tool for various cell-based technologies. 2. The objective of these studies is the derivation and culture of these stem cells is the production of transgenic birds for recombinant biomaterials and vaccine manufacture, drug and cytotoxicity testing, as well as to gain insight into basic science, including cell tracking. 3. Despite similarities among the established chicken stem cell lines, fundamental differences have been reported between their culture conditions and applications. Recent conventional protocols used for expansion and culture of chicken stem cells mostly depend on feeder cells, serum-containing media and static culture. 4. Utilising chicken stem cells for generation of cell-based transgenic birds and a variety of vaccines requires large-scale cell production. However, scaling up the conventional adherent chicken stem cells is challenging and labour intensive. Development of a suspension cell culture process for chicken embryonic stem cells (cESCs), chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) and chicken induced pluripotent stem cells (ciPSCs) will be an important advance for increasing the growth kinetics of these cells. 6. This review describes various approaches and suggestions to achieve optimal cell growth for defined chicken stem cells cultures and use in future manufacturing applications.}, number={6}, journal={BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Farzaneh, M. and Attari, F. and Mozdziak, P. E. and Khoshnam, S. E.}, year={2017}, pages={681–686} }
 @article{zand-vakili_eimani_golkar-narenji_eftekhari-yazdi_shahverdi_mozdziak_2016, title={Histological evaluation of the effect of VEGF on auto-transplanted mouse ovaries}, volume={20}, ISSN={["2151-2485"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84984689236&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/19768354.2016.1220976}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT One of the most important factors affecting survival rate of ovarian follicles during transplantation period is proper vascular development. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on auto-transplanted ovarian tissue. Twenty-one-day-old female mice (n = 30) transplanted as control group and 21-day-old female mice (n = 40) were divided into 4 groups that were treated with 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 µg/mL of VEGF directly injected to auto-transplanted ovarian tissue. Twenty-one days after transplantation, mice were treated with 7.5 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. Transplanted ovaries were removed and sections were prepared from transplanted tissues for staining. The most effective dosage of VEGF on transplanted tissue was determined over H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining results. Slides were compared using TUNEL staining and CD31 assay for the most effective dosage. The percentages of preantral and antral follicles were not significantly different between transplanted group with 4 µg/mL VEGF and non-transplanted group. Lower apoptotic areas and higher CD31 expression were observed in transplanted ovaries treated with 4 µg/mL VEGF when compared to transplanted ovaries without VEGF treatment. VEGF positively affects the quality of ovarian tissue during transplantation. Survival rate of follicles and follicular development has improved with the effect of VEGF.}, number={5}, journal={ANIMAL CELLS AND SYSTEMS}, author={Zand-vakili, Maryam and Eimani, Hussein and Golkar-Narenji, Afsaneh and Eftekhari-Yazdi, Poopak and Shahverdi, Abdolhosein and Mozdziak, Paul Edward}, year={2016}, month={Oct}, pages={260–266} }
 @article{bazgir_fathi_valojerdi_mozdziak_asgari_2016, title={Satellite cells contribution to exercise mediated muscle hypertrophy and repair}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84992348114&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={Cell Journal}, author={Bazgir, B. and Fathi, R. and Valojerdi, M.R. and Mozdziak, P. and Asgari, A.}, year={2016}, pages={473–484} }
 @article{stern_ashwell_dasarathy_mozdziak_2015, title={The effect of hyperammonemia on myostatin and myogenic regulatory factor gene expression in broiler embryos}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1751-732X"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84929513015&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1017/s1751731115000117}, abstractNote={Myogenesis is facilitated by four myogenic regulatory factors and is significantly inhibited by myostatin. The objective of the current study was to examine embryonic gene regulation of myostatin/myogenic regulatory factors, and subsequent manipulations of protein synthesis, in broiler embryos under induced hyperammonemia. Broiler eggs were injected with ammonium acetate solution four times over 48 h beginning on either embryonic day (ED) 15 or 17. Serum ammonia concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in ammonium acetate injected embryos for both ED17 and ED19 collected samples when compared with sham-injected controls. Expression of mRNA, extracted from pectoralis major of experimental and control embryos, was measured using real-time quantitative PCR for myostatin, myogenic regulatory factors myogenic factor 5, myogenic determination factor 1, myogenin, myogenic regulatory factor 4 and paired box 7. A significantly lower (P<0.01) myostatin expression was accompanied by a higher serum ammonia concentration in both ED17 and ED19 collected samples. Myogenic factor 5 expression was higher (P<0.05) in ED17 collected samples administered ammonium acetate. In both ED17 and ED19 collected samples, myogenic regulatory factor 4 was lower (P⩽0.05) in ammonium acetate injected embryos. No significant difference was seen in myogenic determination factor 1, myogenin or paired box 7 expression between treatment groups for either age of sample collection. In addition, there was no significant difference in BrdU staining of histological samples taken from treated and control embryos. Myostatin protein levels were evaluated by Western blot analysis, and also showed lower myostatin expression (P<0.05). Overall, it appears possible to inhibit myostatin expression through hyperammonemia, which is expected to have a positive effect on embryonic myogenesis and postnatal muscle growth.}, number={6}, journal={ANIMAL}, author={Stern, R. A. and Ashwell, C. M. and Dasarathy, S. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2015}, month={Jun}, pages={992–999} }
 @article{harris_fletcher_anderson_petitte_kopelovich_mozdziak_2014, title={Epithelial Cell Tumors of the Hen Reproductive Tract}, volume={58}, ISSN={["1938-4351"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896380321&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1637/10643-082313-reg.1}, abstractNote={SUMMARY There is a paucity of preclinical models that simulate the development of ovarian tumors in humans. At present, the egg-laying hen appears to be the most promising model to study the spontaneous occurrence of ovarian tumors in the clinical setting. Although gross classification and histologic grade of tumors have been used prognostically in women with ovarian tumors, there is currently no single system that is universally used to classify reproductive tumors in the hen. Four hundred and one 192-wk-old egg-laying hens were necropsied to determine the incidence of reproductive tumors using both gross pathology and histologic classification. Gross pathologic classifications were designated as follows: birds presenting with ovarian tumors only (class 1), those presenting with oviductal and ovarian tumors (class 2), those with ovarian and oviductal tumors that metastasized to the gastrointestinal tract (class 3), those with ovarian and oviductal tumors that metastasized to the gastrointestinal tract and other distant organs (class 4), those with oviductal tumors only (class 5), those with oviductal tumors that metastasized to other organs with no ovarian involvement (class 6), and those with ovarian tumors that metastasized to other organs with no oviductal involvement (class 7), including birds with gastrointestinal tumors and no reproductive involvement (GI only) and those with no tumors (normal). Histopathologic classifications range from grades 1 to 3 and are based on mitotic developments and cellular differentiation. An updated gross pathology and histologic classification systems for the hen reproductive malignancies provides a method to report the range of reproductive tumors revealed in a flock of aged laying hens. RESUMEN Tumores de células epiteliales del tracto reproductivo de la gallina. Hay una escasez de modelos preclínicos que simulen el desarrollo de los tumores de ovario en humanos. En la actualidad, la gallina de postura parece ser el modelo más prometedor para estudiar la aparición espontánea de tumores en el ovario en el ámbito clínico. Aunque la clasificación macroscópica y el grado histológico de los tumores se han utilizado para realizar el pronóstico en mujeres con tumores de ovario, no existe actualmente ningún sistema que se utilice universalmente para clasificar tumores reproductivos en la gallina. Se realizó la necropsia de 401 gallinas de postura de 192 semanas de edad para determinar la incidencia de los tumores del aparato reproductor utilizando tanto patología macroscópica y clasificación histológica. Las clasificaciones patológicas macroscópicas fueron designadas de la siguiente manera: las aves que presentaron únicamente tumores de ovario (clase 1), los que presentan tumores de ovario y oviducto (clase 2), aquellos con tumores de ovario y oviducto y con metástasis en el tracto gastrointestinal (clase 3), las aves que tienen tumores de ovario y oviducto, con metástasis en el tracto gastrointestinal y otros órganos distantes (clase 4), las aves que tienen tumores del oviducto solamente (clase 5), aquellas con tumores del oviducto con metástasis a otros órganos sin la participación de ovario (clase 6), y las aves que tienen tumores de ovario con metástasis a otros órganos sin la participación del oviducto (clase 7), incluidas las aves con tumores gastrointestinales y sin compromiso del aparato reproductivo (sólo tracto gastrointestinal) y las aves que no tienen tumores (normales). Las clasificaciones histopatológicas tuvieron un rango que va desde los grados 1 a 3, y se basaron en el desarrollo de mitosis y diferenciación celular. Una descripción patológica macroscópica actualizada y los sistemas de clasificación histológica de los tumores malignos reproductivos de la gallina proporcionan un método para reportar la gama de tumores reproductivos detectados en una parvada de gallinas ponedoras de edad.}, number={1}, journal={Avian Diseases}, author={Harris, E.A. and Fletcher, O.J. and Anderson, K.E. and Petitte, J.N. and Kopelovich, L. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={95–101} }
 @book{mozdziak_2014, title={Poultry}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85018216000&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/B978-0-12-384731-7.00080-5}, abstractNote={Poultry meat has become a predominate source of protein in the US. This article reviews the historical production, present production, and nutritional value of the predominant poultry meat species (chicken and turkeys), and poultry species that have a much smaller presence in the marketplace.}, journal={Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences}, author={Mozdziak, P.}, year={2014}, pages={369–373} }
 @book{petitte_mozdziak_2014, title={Production of Transgenic Poultry}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84942906373&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/B978-0-12-410490-7.00012-8}, abstractNote={The application of transgenic technology to economically important species of livestock, poultry, and fish is expanding in animal agriculture. From a poultry perspective, the value of broilers, eggs, and turkeys in the United States was $38 billion. Given the huge economic worth of the commercial poultry industry, interest in genetic engineering of the chicken remains strong. The goal for gene transfer for commercial stocks is simply to develop genetically better birds for the production of meat and eggs, which has been the same purpose of conventional selection programs for the past 50 years. In addition to the obvious applications in agriculture, the domestic laying hen is being viewed as dual-purpose research animal with other applications in developmental biology, biomedicine, and biomanufacturing. Hence, transgenic technology in poultry can influence entirely new industries outside of agriculture.}, journal={Transgenic Animal Technology: A Laboratory Handbook: Third Edition}, author={Petitte, J.N. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2014}, pages={335–357} }
 @article{qiu_thapaliya_runkana_yang_tsien_mohan_narayanan_eghtesad_mozdziak_mcdonald_et al._2013, title={Hyperammonemia in cirrhosis induces transcriptional regulation of myostatin by an NF-kappa B-mediated mechanism}, volume={110}, ISSN={["0027-8424"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84887303259&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.1317049110}, abstractNote={Significance}, number={45}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}, author={Qiu, Jia and Thapaliya, Samjhana and Runkana, Ashok and Yang, Yu and Tsien, Cynthia and Mohan, Maradumane L. and Narayanan, Arvind and Eghtesad, Bijan and Mozdziak, Paul E. and McDonald, Christine and et al.}, year={2013}, month={Nov}, pages={18162–18167} }
 @article{nierobisz_sporer_strasburg_reed_velleman_ashwell_felts_mozdziak_2012, title={Differential expression of genes characterizing myofibre phenotype}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1365-2052"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84859745099&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02249.x}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={3}, journal={ANIMAL GENETICS}, author={Nierobisz, L. S. and Sporer, K. R. B. and Strasburg, G. M. and Reed, K. M. and Velleman, S. G. and Ashwell, C. M. and Felts, J. V. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2012}, month={Jun}, pages={298–308} }
 @book{petitte_mozdziak_2012, title={Production of Transgenic Poultry}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84941032589&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/B978-0-08-057480-6.50015-0}, journal={Transgenic Animal Technology: A Laboratory Handbook: Second Edition}, author={Petitte, J.N. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2012}, pages={279–306} }
 @article{nierobisz_mcfarland_mozdziak_2011, title={MitoQ(10) induces adipogenesis and oxidative metabolism in myotube cultures}, volume={158}, ISSN={["1879-1107"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650173412&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.10.003}, abstractNote={Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) plays an essential role in determination of mitochondrial membrane potential and substrate utilization in all metabolically important tissues. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Coenzyme Q analog (MitoQ(10)) on oxidative phenotype and adipogenesis in myotubes derived from fast-glycolytic Pectoralis major (PM) and slow-oxidative Anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscles of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). The myotubes were subjected to the following treatments: fusion media alone, fusion media+125 nM MitoQ(10), and 500 nM MitoQ(10). Lipid accumulation was visualized by Oil Red O staining and quantified by measuring optical density of extracted lipid at 500 nm. Quantitative Real-Time PCR was utilized to quantify the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) and PPARγ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α). MitoQ(10) treatment resulted in the highest (P<0.05) lipid accumulation in PM myotubes. MitoQ(10) up-regulated genes controlling oxidative mitochondrial biogenesis and adipogenesis in PM myotube cultures. In contrast, MitoQ(10) had a limited effect on adipogenesis and down-regulated oxidative metabolism in ALD myotube cultures. Differential response to MitoQ(10) treatment may be dependent on the cellular redox state. MitoQ(10) likely controls a range of metabolic pathways through its differential regulation of gene expression levels in myotubes derived from fast-glycolytic and slow-oxidative muscles.}, number={2}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Nierobisz, Lidia S. and McFarland, Douglas C. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2011}, month={Feb}, pages={125–131} }
 @article{nierobisz_hentz_felts_mozdziak_2010, title={Fiber Phenotype and Coenzyme Q(10) Content in Turkey Skeletal Muscles}, volume={192}, ISSN={["1422-6421"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78649321430&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1159/000319550}, abstractNote={Phenotypical differences between muscle fibers are associated with a source of cellular energy. Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) is a major component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation process, and it significantly contributes to the production of cellular energy in the form of ATP. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between whole-tissue CoQ<sub>10</sub> content, mitochondrial CoQ<sub>10</sub> content, mitochondrial protein, and muscle phenotype in turkeys. Four specialized muscles (anterior latissimus dorsi, ALD; posterior latissimus dorsi, PLD; pectoralis major, PM, and biceps femoris, BF) were evaluated in 9- and 20-week-old turkey toms. The amount of muscle mitochondrial protein was determined using the Bradford assay and CoQ<sub>10</sub> content was measured using HPLC-UV. The amount of mitochondrial protein relative to total protein was significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 9 compared to 20 weeks of age. All ALD fibers stained positive for anti-slow (S35) MyHC antibody. The PLD and PM muscle fibers revealed no staining for slow myosin heavy chain (S35 MyHC), whereas half of BF muscle fibers exhibited staining for S35 MyHC at 9 weeks and 70% at 20 weeks of age. The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) staining data revealed that SDH significantly increases (p < 0.05) in ALD and BF muscles and significantly decreases (p < 0.05) in PLD and PM muscles with age. The study reveals age-related decreases in mitochondrial CoQ<sub>10</sub> content in muscles with fast/glycolytic profile, and demonstrates that muscles with a slow/oxidative phenotypic profile contain a higher proportion of CoQ<sub>10</sub> than muscles with a fast/glycolytic phenotypic profile.}, number={6}, journal={CELLS TISSUES ORGANS}, author={Nierobisz, L. S. and Hentz, N. G. and Felts, J. V. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2010}, pages={382–394} }
 @article{hawkridge_wysocky_petitte_anderson_mozdziak_fletcher_horowitz_muddiman_2010, title={Measuring the intra-individual variability of the plasma proteome in the chicken model of spontaneous ovarian adenocarcinoma}, volume={398}, ISSN={["1618-2650"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957867631&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00216-010-3979-y}, abstractNote={The domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus) has emerged as a powerful experimental model for studying the onset and progression of spontaneous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with a disease prevalence that can exceed 35% between 2 and 7 years of age. An experimental strategy for biomarker discovery is reported herein that combines the chicken model of EOC, longitudinal plasma sample collection with matched tissues, advanced mass spectrometry-based proteomics, and concepts derived from the index of individuality (Harris, Clin Chem 20: 1535–1542, 1974). Blood was drawn from 148 age-matched chickens starting at 2.5 years of age every 3 months for 1 year. At the conclusion of the 1 year sample collection period, the 73 birds that remained alive were euthanized, necropsied, and tissues were collected. Pathological assessment of resected tissues from these 73 birds confirmed that five birds (6.8%) developed EOC. A proteomics workflow including in-gel digestion, nanoLC coupled to high-performance mass spectrometry, and label-free (spectral counting) quantification was used to measure the biological intra-individual variability (CVW) of the chicken plasma proteome. Longitudinal plasma sample sets from two birds within the 73-bird biorepository were selected for this study; one bird was considered “healthy” and the second bird developed late-stage EOC. A total of 116 proteins from un-depleted plasma were identified with 80 proteins shared among all sample sets. Analytical variability (CVA) of the label-free proteomics workflow was measured using a single plasma sample analyzed five times and was found to be ≥CVW in both birds for 16 proteins (20%) and in either bird for 25 proteins (31%). Ovomacroglobulin (ovostatin) was found to increase (p < 0.001) over a 6 month period in the late-stage EOC bird providing an initial candidate protein for further investigation.}, number={2}, journal={ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Hawkridge, Adam M. and Wysocky, Rebecca B. and Petitte, James N. and Anderson, Kenneth E. and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Fletcher, Oscar J. and Horowitz, Jonathan M. and Muddiman, David C.}, year={2010}, month={Sep}, pages={737–749} }
 @article{hawkridge_wysocky_petitte_anderson_mozdziak_fletcher_horowitz_muddiman_2010, title={Measuring the intra-individual variability of the plasma proteome in the chicken model of spontaneous ovarian adenocarcinoma (vol 398, pg 737, 2010)}, volume={398}, ISSN={["1618-2642"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957848897&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00216-010-4107-8}, number={4}, journal={ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Hawkridge, Adam M. and Wysocky, Rebecca B. and Petitte, James N. and Anderson, Kenneth E. and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Fletcher, Oscar J. and Horowitz, Jonathan M. and Muddiman, David C.}, year={2010}, month={Oct}, pages={1835–1835} }
 @article{anderson_mozdziak_petitte_2010, title={The impact of scheduled cage cleaning on older hens (Gallus gallus)}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1548-4475"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953926452&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1038/laban0710-210}, abstractNote={Researchers are increasingly using the domestic hen (Gallus gallus) as an animal model for ovarian cancer. The authors analyzed mortality rates of two large flocks of older hens that were being used for ovarian adenocarcinoma studies. All hens were fed the same maintenance diets, though some hens in each flock received experimental chemopreventive treatments. Per the request of a collaborating institution, partway through the study, the authors started to remove the hens in one of the flocks for cage changing once every 4 weeks. After the authors began cleaning some of the hens' cages, the mortality rate in this flock increased significantly. Throughout the study, within each flock, hens in the treatment and control groups had similar mortality rates. These results suggest that regularly cleaning the cages of older hens may not promote better welfare or improve flock mortality.}, number={7}, journal={LAB ANIMAL}, author={Anderson, Kenneth E. and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Petitte, James N.}, year={2010}, month={Jul}, pages={210–215} }
 @misc{mozdziak_petitte_2010, title={Transgenic snakes and methods of making}, volume={7,663,019}, number={2010 Feb. 16}, author={Mozdziak, P. E. and Petitte, J. N.}, year={2010} }
 @article{nierobisz_felts_mozdziak_2009, title={Apoptosis and macrophage infiltration occur simultaneously and present a potential sign of muscle injury in skeletal muscle of nutritionally compromised, early post-hatch turkeys}, volume={153}, ISSN={["1879-1107"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-63249099336&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.01.015}, abstractNote={Physical stress and malnutrition may cause elimination of myonuclei and produce inflammatory response in muscle. The objective of this study was to histochemically determine the association of apoptosis and/or macrophage infiltration with changes in muscle satellite cell mitotic activity in pectoralis thoracicus muscle of early post-hatch turkey toms. Feed-deprived birds and birds provided with three different levels of crude protein and amino acids (0.88 NRC, 1.00 NRC, and 1.12 NRC) were used in this model. The number of apoptotic nuclei was significantly elevated (P<0.05) and presence of macrophage infiltration was readily detectable in feed-deprived and 0.88 NRC treatment groups 72 h and 96 h post-hatch suggesting potential muscle injury and/or muscle remodeling. The number of apoptotic nuclei was the same (P>0.05), and there was no detectable macrophage infiltration present in birds placed on 1.00 NRC and 1.12 NRC diet 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h post-hatch. At 120 h post-hatch, feed-deprived and 0.88 NRC birds were characterized by no detectable levels of macrophage infiltration and a significant drop (P<0.05) in apoptotic nuclei. Understanding mechanisms that correlate early nutrition with skeletal muscle growth and development may present a useful tool in optimizing muscle health and improving meat quality and yield.}, number={1}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Nierobisz, L. S. and Felts, J. V. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2009}, month={May}, pages={61–65} }
 @article{spychaj_mozdziak_pospiech_2009, title={IDENTIFICATION OF POULTRY MEAT FROM PORK AND BEEF ON THE BASIS OF THE TITIN PEVK REGION USING PCR}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1745-4573"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67651085638&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1745-4573.2009.00152.x}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The possibility of distinguishing three kinds of meat species (chicken, porcine and bovine) alone or in two‐component meat mixtures was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction. The contribution of each component in the meat mixtures ranged from 1 to 100%. The identification of meat was performed on the basis of the sequence coding the PEVK region of titin and by employing polymerase chain reaction. DNA was isolated from raw, fresh and chilled meat. The data presented in this study suggest that it is possible to detect chicken meat, pork and beef in meat mixtures on the basis of PEVK region by using PCR. }, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF MUSCLE FOODS}, author={Spychaj, Anita and Mozdziak, Paul E. and Pospiech, Edward}, year={2009}, month={Jul}, pages={341–351} }
 @article{spychaj_mozdziak_pospiech_2009, title={PCR methods in meat species identification as a tool for the verification of regional and traditional meat products,Metody PCR w identyfikacji gatunkowej żywności jako narze{ogonek}dzie do weryfikacji żywno̧sci regionalnej i tradycyjnej}, volume={8}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349779654&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={2}, journal={Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Technologia Alimentaria}, author={Spychaj, A. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Pospiech, E.}, year={2009}, pages={5–20} }
 @article{mozdziak_hodgson_petitte_2008, title={Avian somitic cell chimeras using surrogate eggshell technology}, volume={21}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-44449083858&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.2008.70545}, abstractNote={A classical technique to study somitic cell fate is to employ the cross-transplantation of quail somites into a chick host. The densely stained nucleoli of the quail cells makes it possible to assess the fate of the donor quail cells in the chick host. Classical somite transplantation techniques have been hampered by the necessity of a small opening in the chick eggshell, difficulty in hatching the offspring and interspecies post-hatch graft rejection. With the advent of transgenic chicken technology, it is now possible to use embryos from transgenic chickens expressing reporter genes in somite cross-transplantation techniques to remove any possibility of interspecies graft rejection. This report describes using a surrogate eggshell system in conjunction with transgenic chick:chick somitic cell cross-transplantation to generate viable chimeric embryos and offspring. Greater than 40% of manipulated embryos survive past 10 days of incubation, and ~80% of embryos successfully cultured past 10 days of incubation hatched to produce viable offspring.}, number={6}, journal={Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Hodgson, D. and Petitte, J.N.}, year={2008}, pages={801–806} }
 @article{oviedo-rondon_small_wineland_christensen_mozdziak_koci_funderburk_ort_mann_2008, title={Broiler embryo bone development is influenced by incubator temperature, oxygen concentration and eggshell conductance at the plateau stage in oxygen consumption}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1466-1799"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-57849128060&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/00071660802433149}, abstractNote={1. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature (TEM) and oxygen (O2) concentrations during the last 4 d of incubation on bone development. Fertile eggs from two strains were obtained that either exhibited Low or High eggshell conductance (G). 1The mention of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement of the products mentioned nor criticism of similar products not mentioned. 2. Four experimental cabinets provided either four TEM (36, 37, 38 or 39°C) or four O2 concentrations (17, 19, 21 or 23% O2). Data were analysed as a 2 × 2 factorial design. In the fourth experiment, two temperatures (36 and 39°C), two O2 concentrations (17 and 23%) and the same Low and High G strains were evaluated in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. 3. Body weights (BW) and residual yolks were obtained, both legs were dissected. Femur, tibia and shank weights, length and thickness were recorded. Relative asymmetry (RA) of each leg section was calculated. 4. The results indicated that elevated TEM during incubation increased RA between the two legs, mainly in the Low G strain. Chickens at the lowest O2 concentrations had lighter and shorter tibias, lighter shanks, and increased RA of femur length compared to chickens in the 23% O2. In the fourth experiment no interactions were observed between O2 and TEM. High TEM depressed BW of Low G broilers, but no significant effect of treatments was observed on BW of High G broilers. Nevertheless, the high TEM or low O2 independently caused reduced femur and tibia weights and length, shank length and thickness, and both low O2 and high TEM together increased RA in shank weight. 5. These results suggest that late incubation conditions affect long bone development in broilers.}, number={6}, journal={BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Oviedo-Rondon, E. O. and Small, J. and Wineland, M. J. and Christensen, V. L. and Mozdziak, P. S. and Koci, M. D. and Funderburk, S. V. L. and Ort, D. T. and Mann, K. M.}, year={2008}, pages={666–676} }
 @misc{nierobisz_mozdziak_2008, title={Factors influencing satellite cell activity during skeletal muscle development in avian and mammalian species}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1976-5517"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-43749098340&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.5713/ajas.2008.r.02}, abstractNote={Avian and mammalian skeletal muscles exhibit a remarkable ability to adjust to physiological stressors induced by growth, exercise, injury and disease. The process of muscle recovery following injury and myonuclear accretion during growth is attributed to a small population of satellite cells located beneath the basal lamina of the myofiber. Several metabolic factors contribute to the activation of satellite cells in response to stress mediated by illness, injury or aging. This review will describe the regenerative properties of satellite cells, the processes of satellite cell activation and highlight the potential role of satellite cells in skeletal muscle growth, tissue engineering and meat production.}, number={3}, journal={ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES}, author={Nierobisz, Lidia S. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2008}, month={Mar}, pages={456–464} }
 @article{jackson_anderson_ashwell_petitte_mozdziak_2007, title={CA125 expression in spontaneous ovarian adenocarcinomas from laying hens}, volume={104}, ISSN={0090-8258}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.07.024}, DOI={10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.07.024}, abstractNote={Currently, there is not a fully characterized model for human ovarian cancer; however, 2- to 4-year-old laying hens spontaneously develop ovarian tumors. CA125 expression is a hallmark of ovarian cancer in women. The major objective of this study was to characterize the in vitro growth of avian ovarian tumor cells, and CA125 expression in avian ovarian tumors.Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate CA125 expression in avian ovarian tumor tissue. A high temperature antigen retrieval step was an essential part of the CA125 staining procedure. In vitro growth curves were constructed for avian ovarian cancer cells. Western blotting was used to estimate the size of the CA125 reactive protein and to confirm CA125 expression.The growth of avian tumors in culture fits a sigmoidal curve for cell growth and suggests a cell cycle time of 28 h. The tumors taken from the chicken stained positive for CA125. Approximately 90% of cells isolated from avian ovarian tumors also stained positive for CA125. Western blots show a band of approximately 25 kDa when immunodetected with CA125.Similar to human ovarian tumors, chicken ovarian tumors express CA125. Cultured chicken ovarian cancer cells express CA125 and CA125 expression does not appear to change with time in culture.}, number={1}, journal={Gynecologic Oncology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Jackson, Emily and Anderson, Ken and Ashwell, Chris and Petitte, James and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2007}, month={Jan}, pages={192–198} }
 @article{christensen_j. wineland_l. grimes_o. oviedo_. mozdziak_t. ort_m. mann_2007, title={Effect of Incubator Temperature and Oxygen Concentration at the Plateau Stage in Oxygen Consumption on Turkey Embryo Muscle Growth and Development}, volume={6}, ISSN={1682-8356}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2007.406.412}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2007.406.412}, abstractNote={It was hypothesized that incubator temperature and oxygen concentration affect embryo muscle development. Turkey eggs were incubated until the 24th day of development. At the beginning of the 24th day, the eggs containing viable embryos were randomly divided into 4 groups immediately prior to the plateau stage in oxygen consumption. Four experimental cabinets accommodating approximately 100 eggs were used for the actual hatching process. Each cabinet operated at predetermined temperatures (TEM) and oxygen concentrations (O ) in a 2 TEM (36° and 39°C) x 2 O (17 and 23%) factorial arrangement. At 27 and 2 2 28 days of development, immediately following the plateau stage, 10 embryos or poults were sampled from each of the 4 cabinets. Blood was obtained following decapitation. From each carcass the pipping (musculus complexus), breast (pectoralis thoracicus) and thigh muscles (gastrocnemus) were collected. Muscles were placed into an appropriate volume of 7% perchloric acid preparatory to assaying for glycogen and lactate. Five birds were sampled for histological analyses of muscle fibers. Plasma Creatine Kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured. TEM and O affected muscle growth differently. High TEM 2 and O affected pipping and thigh muscle weights but not that of the breast muscle. Only TEM affected breast 2 muscle weights. Muscle function was affected differently when embryos were exposed to TEM and O . The 2 CK and LDH activities were also affected at 27 days 39°C causing elevated CK and LDH activities compared to 36°C. At 28 days, only CK was affected as 39°C elevated CK activity in the 23% oxygen environment but not in the 17% environment. Thus, incubator conditions may affect muscle development and function in poult embryos}, number={6}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, publisher={Science Alert}, author={Christensen, V.L. and J. Wineland, M. and L. Grimes, J. and O. Oviedo, E. and . Mozdziak, P.S and T. Ort, D. and M. Mann, K.}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={406–412} }
 @article{nierobisz_felts_mozdziak_2007, title={The effect of early dietary amino acid levels on muscle satellite cell dynamics in turkeys}, volume={148}, ISSN={["1879-1107"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448939699&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.06.006}, abstractNote={Understanding the relationship between nutrition and satellite cell activity will be beneficial in obtaining optimal muscle growth and meat production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of early post-hatch levels of dietary amino acids ± 0.88 NRC, 1.00 NRC, and 1.12 NRC), and feed deprivation on the satellite cell mitotic activity, pectoralis thoracicus muscle weight, and body weight of male turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). Birds from each treatment were injected with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label mitotically active cells. The right pectoralis thoracicus was harvested 1 h after BrdU injection for immunohistochemical and myofiber diameter analysis. On the third day post-hatch, satellite cell mitotic activity was the highest (P < 0.05) in the 0.88 NRC amino acid treatment group and the lowest (P < 0.05) in the feed-deprived group. On the fourth day post-hatch, feed-deprived birds exhibited the lowest (P < 0.05) satellite cell mitotic activity and muscle weight. At 140 days of age, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between treatments in body weight or pectoralis thoracicus muscle weight. Research evaluating species-related differences in apoptotic events and in genes regulating cell proliferation may be necessary to devise feeding strategies aimed at obtaining optimal pectoralis thoracicus muscle yield at market age.}, number={3}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Nierobisz, L. S. and Felts, V. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2007}, month={Nov}, pages={286–294} }
 @article{petitte_mozdziak_2007, title={The incredible, edible, and therapeutic egg}, volume={104}, ISSN={["0027-8424"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846939710&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.0611652104}, abstractNote={The domestic fowl has a long and unique history, serving multiple purposes in society and science. A cursory review of the Nobel Prize awards in physiology or medicine since 1901 points to the significance of birds, and the chicken in particular, as the premier nonmammalian vertebrate animal model (see www.fbresearch.org/education/nobels.htm and http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates). The domestic fowl aided in the discovery of essential vitamins and gave the first clue to differences between T and B cells. In fact, B cell nomenclature is based on the origin of B cells from the avian bursa of Fabricius. In addition, the chicken model provided the foundation for understanding the chemical processes for vision, insights into animal behavior, and our first introduction to tumor viruses [e.g., Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)] and the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes. Even today, avian oncogenic viruses provide valuable models for human disease. Furthermore, for many developmental biologists, the avian embryo remains the premier animal model (1). On the practical side, the general public is protected from yearly influenza outbreaks through vaccine production in chicken eggs. In addition to its scientific and biomedical importance, poultry as an agricultural commodity has grown over the last 60 years into a global industry providing billions of people with inexpensive high-quality animal protein in the form of meat and eggs. Much of the success of the poultry industry is directly related to the application of population genetics for the selection of commercial lines for efficient protein production (2). Today, estimates of the cost of egg production in the U.S. hover around 5 cents per egg. Given that the albumin from a single egg contains ≈3.6 g of protein, the domestic laying hen is a very efficient protein bioreactor. Now, with the report of Lillico et al. (3) in this issue of …}, number={6}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}, author={Petitte, James N. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={1739–1740} }
 @article{zhang_mustin_reardon_dealmeida_mozdziak_mrug_eisenberg_sedmera_2006, title={Blood-borne stem cells differentiate into vascular and cardiac lineages during normal development}, volume={15}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645416324&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1089/scd.2006.15.17}, abstractNote={Recent investigations have indicated that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the potential to differentiate into multiple non-blood cell lineages and contribute to the cellular regeneration of various tissues and multiple organs. Most studies to date on HSC potential have examined the adult, focusing on their potential to repair tissue under pathological conditions (e.g., ischemic injury, organ failure). Comparatively little is known about the physiological role of HSCs in normal tissue homeostasis in the adult, and even less of their contribution to organogenesis during prenatal development. This study reports the contribution of blood-borne cells to various organ systems of the developing embryo using a quail-chick parabiosis model. Under these conditions, the developing circulatory systems fuse between ED6-ED8, resulting in free exchange of circulating cells. Cells of quail origin, identified by quail-specific antibodies at ED15, were found in numerous organs of the parabiotic chick embryo. Circulating cells contributed to developing vasculature, where they differentiated into endothelial, smooth muscle, and adventitial tissues. In the heart, differentiation of circulating cells into cardiomyocytes was demonstrated using double immunolabeling for QCPN and sarcomeric actin or myosin. These results were confirmed by intramyocardial injection of quail bone marrow cells that were found to express markers of myocytes, coronary smooth muscle, and epicardium. Experiments using lacZ-transgenic chick embryos for a second positive cellular marker showed that fusion between chick and quail cells was a rare event. These results suggest that during development, multipotent cells are present in the embryonic circulation and home into different organs where they undergo tissue-specific differentiation. Moreover, the demonstration that blood-borne cells contribute to the development of various organs lends credence to claims that hematopoietic stem cells have utility for treating diseased or damaged tissues in the adult.}, number={1}, journal={Stem Cells and Development}, author={Zhang, N. and Mustin, D. and Reardon, W. and DeAlmeida, A. and Mozdziak, P. and Mrug, M. and Eisenberg, L.M. and Sedmera, D.}, year={2006}, pages={17–28} }
 @article{mozdziak_wu_bradford_pardue_borwornpinyo_giamario_petitte_2006, title={Identification of the lacZ insertion site and beta-galactosidase expression in transgenic chickens}, volume={324}, ISSN={["1432-0878"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33644623527&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00441-005-0060-9}, abstractNote={The quail:chick chimera system is a classical research model in developmental biology. An improvement over the quail:chick chimera system would be a line of transgenic chickens expressing a reporter gene. Transgenic chickens carrying lacZ and expressing bacterial beta-galactosidase have been generated, but complete characterization of the insertion event and characterization of beta-galactosidase expression have not previously been available. The genomic sequences flanking the retroviral insertion site have now been identified by using inverse polymerase chain reaction (PCR), homozygous individuals have been identified by using PCR-based genotyping, and beta-galactosidase expression has been evaluated by using Western analysis and histochemistry. Based upon the current draft of the chicken genome, the viral insertion carrying the lacZ gene has been located on chromosome 11 within the predicted gene for neurotactin/fractalkine (CX3CL1); neurotactin mRNA expression appears to be missing from the brain of homozygous individuals. When Generation 2 (G2) lacZ-positive individuals were inter-mated, they generated 361 G3 progeny; 82 were homozyous for lacZ (22.7%), 97 were wild-type non-transgenic (26.9%), and 182 (50.4%) were hemizygous for lacZ. Western analysis revealed the highest expression in the muscle and liver. With the identification of homozygous birds, the line of chickens is now designated NCSU-Blue1.}, number={1}, journal={CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Wu, Q and Bradford, JM and Pardue, SL and Borwornpinyo, S and Giamario, C and Petitte, JN}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={41–53} }
 @article{mozdziak_wysocki_angerman-stewart_pardue_petitte_2006, title={Production of chick germline chimeras from fluorescence-activated cell-sorted gonocytes}, volume={85}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, url={http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/17012166}, DOI={10.1093/ps/85.10.1764}, abstractNote={Modification of the chicken germline has been difficult, because it has been challenging to fractionate sufficient numbers of primordial germ cells for manipulation and implantation into developing embryos. A technique to enrich cell suspensions for primordial germ cells, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), has recently been developed. The objective of the current study was to demonstrate that the FACS-enriched early embryonic gonocytes could fully participate in development of the germline. Therefore, cells were disassociated from stage 27 gonads, incubated with mouse anti-stage-specific embryonic antigen-1, which was detected with goat-antimouse IgM-fluorescein isothiocyanate, and the fluorescently labeled cells were sorted from the unlabeled cells using FACS. The isolated gonocyte population was injected into the blastoderm of unincubated stage X embryos, the germinal crescent of 3-d embryos, and into the circulation of stage 17 embryos that were pretreated with busulfan. Barred Plymouth Rock gonocytes were implanted exclusively into recipient White Leghorn embryos, and White Leghorn gonocytes were implanted exclusively into Barred Plymouth Rock recipient embryos. Embryos were cultured until hatch, and male putative chimeras were reared to sexual maturity. Germline chimerism was evaluated by observing feather color of the progeny. All injection methods resulted in germline chimeras demonstrating that FACS-sorted gonocytes can fully participate in development. Moreover, it was demonstrated that gonocytes isolated from stage 27 embryonic gonads can be introduced into embryos at an earlier stage of development, and the introduced gonocytes can fully participate in germline development.}, number={10}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Mozdziak, P. E. and Wysocki, R. and Angerman-Stewart, J. and Pardue, S. L. and Petitte, J. N.}, year={2006}, month={Oct}, pages={1764–1768} }
 @article{schultz_chamberlain_mccormick_mozdziak_2006, title={Satellite cells express distinct patterns of myogenic proteins in immature skeletal muscle}, volume={235}, ISSN={["1097-0177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33845365026&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/dvdy.20976}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS}, author={Schultz, Edward and Chamberlain, Connie and McCormick, Kathleen M. and Mozdziak, Paul E.}, year={2006}, month={Dec}, pages={3230–3239} }
 @article{borwornpinyo_brake_mozdziak_petitte_2005, title={Culture of chicken embryos in surrogate eggshells}, volume={84}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, url={http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16206571}, DOI={10.1093/ps/84.9.1477}, abstractNote={The chick embryo is a classical model to study embryonic development. However, most researchers have not studied the effect of embryonic manipulation on chick hatchability. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of egg orientation and type of sealing film on the hatchability of cultured embryos. Windows were made in the small end of recipient surrogate chicken eggshells, and donor embryos were placed into the recipient eggshell for the first 3 d of incubation. Survival over the first 3 d was maximized (P < 0.05) when windowed eggs sealed with Saran Wrap were positioned with the window-end down compared with window-end up. Three-day-old cultured embryos were transferred into recipient turkey eggshells, sealed with cling film, and cultured until hatch. Water weight loss of the surrogate eggshell cultures regardless of cling film type was not significantly different from control intact eggs. The embryos cultured in turkey eggshells and sealed with Handi Wrap exhibited higher hatchability (75% +/- 10.2%) than cultures sealed with Saran Wrap (45.2% +/- 13.8%). Hatchability of control intact eggs (86.4% +/- 5.3%) was not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the hatchability of eggs sealed with Handi Wrap, which suggested that Handi Wrap was an excellent sealant for chick embryos cultured after 3 d of incubation.}, number={9}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Borwornpinyo, S and Brake, J and Mozdziak, PE and Petitte, JN}, year={2005}, month={Sep}, pages={1477–1482} }
 @article{moore_ferket_mozdziak_2005, title={Early post-hatch fasting induces satellite cell self-renewal}, volume={142}, ISSN={["1531-4332"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-27644486955&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.08.007}, abstractNote={Early post-hatch satellite cell kinetics are an important aspect of muscle development, and understanding the interplay between fasting and muscle development will lead to improvements in muscle mass following an illness, and optimal meat production. The objective of this experiment was to test the influence of immediate post-hatch fasting on satellite cells in the poult. Male Nicholas poults (Meleagris gallopavo) were placed into two treatments: a fed treatment with immediate access to feed and water upon placement and a fasted treatment without access to feed and water for the first three days post-hatch. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected intra-abdominally in all poults to label mitotically active satellite cells. The pectoralis thoracicus muscle was harvested two hours following the BrdU injection. Immunohistochemistry for BrdU, Pax7, Bcl-2, Pax7 with BrdU, and determining myofiber cross-sectional area along with computer-based image analysis was used to study muscle development. Fed poults had higher body masses throughout the experiment (P< or =0.01), and they had higher pectoralis thoracicus muscle mass (P< or =0.01) at ten days of age than the fasted poults. Fed poults had higher satellite cell mitotic activity at three days and four days of age (P< or =0.01) compared to the fasted poults. However, Pax7 labeling index was higher in the fasted poults (P< or =0.01) at three days, four days, and five days post-hatch than the fed group. Similarly Bcl-2 labeling was higher in the fasted than in the fed group at three days post-hatch. Therefore, fasting depleted proliferating satellite cells indicated by the lower BrdU labeling in the fasted poults compared to the fed poults, and conserved the satellite cell proliferative reserve indicated by the higher level of Pax7 labeling for the fasted poults compared to the fed poults.}, number={3}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Moore, DT and Ferket, PR and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2005}, month={Nov}, pages={331–339} }
 @article{velleman_mozdziak_2005, title={Effects of posthatch feed deprivation on heparan sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-1, and glypican expression: Implications for muscle growth potential in chickens}, volume={84}, ISSN={["0032-5791"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-18944375236&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/ps/84.4.601}, abstractNote={The heparan sulfate proteoglycans, syndecan-1 and glypican-1 (glypican), are low affinity receptors for fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Because FGF2 stimulates skeletal muscle cell proliferation but inhibits differentiation, changes in FGF2 signaling due to early posthatch feed deprivation may play a significant role in modulating muscle growth. To study the effect of early posthatch feed deprivation in chickens on heparan sulfate proteoglycan relative protein concentration, syndecan-1 expression, and glypican mRNA expression, pectoralis major muscle tissue was isolated from pretreatment d 0 chicks and chicks fed or feed deprived for 3 d, and after d 3 feeding was resumed in the feed-deprived birds until d 7. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein concentration was measured by ELISA analysis and was significantly decreased in the feed-deprived birds beginning at d 2 (P < 0.05). The expression of syndecan-1 and glypican was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Syndecan-1 expression was unaffected by feed withdrawal and refeeding (P > 0.05). Glypican mRNA expression was decreased in the muscle tissue from feed-deprived birds at d 3 (P < 0.05), but by d 7, after initiating feeding on d 4, it was significantly elevated compared with in muscle tissue from chicks maintained on feed (P < 0.05). The results from the present study demonstrate that the heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein concentration and syndecan-1 and glypican mRNA expressions are differentially affected by early posthatch feed deprivation, which may alter signaling events associated with muscle growth.}, number={4}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Velleman, SG and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={601–606} }
 @article{mozdziak_angerman-stewart_rushton_pardue_petitte_2005, title={Isolation of chicken primordial germ cells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting}, volume={84}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-18944382538&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/ps/84.4.594}, abstractNote={Presently, it is difficult to undertake germ line modification of the chicken with primordial germ cells (PGC) because it has been difficult to efficiently fractionate the PGC from the total somatic cell population. The objective of this study was to develop a method that allows isolation of an enriched population of viable PGC from embryonic blood and embryonic gonadal tissue. Blood was harvested from early chick embryos (stages 13 to 15), and cells were liberated from the gonads of stage 27 chick embryos. Subsequently, viable PGC were labeled with anti-stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1), which was detected with goat-anti-mouse IgM-fluorescein isothiocyanate. Fluorescently labeled cells were sorted from the unlabeled cells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and the identities of the PGC were confirmed using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining or anti-embryonic mouse antigen-1 (EMA-1) staining followed by microscopic evaluation. Finally, PGC were sorted from somatic cells of sex-identified embryos. Less than 0.1% of the blood cell population was collected as SSEA-1-positive cells. Similarly, approximately 2% of the gonadal cell population were collected as SSEA-1-positive cells. Therefore, fewer (-1,000 to 9,000) PGC were recovered from each isolate. Placing the sorted SSEA-1-positive cells on a glass slide from a microcentrifuge tube resulted in a recovery rate of 53 to 73% relative to the number detected by FACS. Furthermore, the proportions of sorted cells that stained with PAS or anti-EMA-1 following sorting were 92+/-4% PAS positive and 94+/-1% anti-EMA-1 positive. Finally, the sorted SSEA-1-positive cells were maintained in vitro to demonstrate their viability after sorting. It was demonstrated that it is possible to label blood and gonadal chicken PGC with SSEA-1 and subsequently to sort viable SSEA-1-positive PGC from somatic cells.}, number={4}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Angerman-Stewart, J and Rushton, B and Pardue, SL and Petitte, JN}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={594–600} }
 @article{moore_ferket_mozdziak_2005, title={Muscle development in the late embryonic and early post-hatch poult}, volume={4}, ISBN={1682-8356}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548478053&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2005.138.142}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Moore, D.T. and Ferket, P.R. and mozdziak}, year={2005}, pages={138–142} }
 @article{moore_ferket_mozdziak_2005, title={The effect of early nutrition on satellite cell dynamics in the young turkey}, volume={84}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-19044397721&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/ps/84.5.748}, abstractNote={Early posthatch satellite cell mitotic activity is an important aspect of muscle development. An understanding of the interplay between nutrition and satellite cell mitotic activity will lead to more efficient meat production. The objective of this study was to test the influence of the leucine metabolite, beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), and feed deprivation on muscle development in the early posthatch poult. Male Nicholas poults were placed on 1 of 4 treatments: immediately fed a starter diet with 0.1% HMB (IF-HMB), immediately fed a starter diet containing 0.1% Solka-Floc for a control (IF-No HMB), feed and water withheld for 48 h immediately posthatch and then fed the HMB diet (WF-HMB), and feed and water withheld for 48 h immediately posthatch and then fed the control starter diet (WF-No HMB). 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected intra-abdominally into all poults to label mitotically active satellite cells. The pectoralis thoracicus was harvested 2 h after the BrdU injection. Immunohistochemistry for BrdU, Pax7, and laminin along with computer-based image analysis was used to study muscle development. IF-HMB poults had higher body weights (P < 0.01) at 48 h and 1 wk of age and had higher satellite cell mitotic activity at 48 h of age (P < 0.01) compared with the IF-No HMB and WF poults. Therefore, dietary supplementation of HMB may have an anabolic effect on early posthatch muscle.}, number={5}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Moore, DT and Ferket, PR and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2005}, month={May}, pages={748–756} }
 @article{mozdziak_giamario_dibner_mccoy_2004, title={A chicken mRNA similar to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1}, volume={137}, ISSN={["1879-1107"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0346157313&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpc.2003.10.007}, abstractNote={Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins are predominantly nuclear RNA-binding proteins that function in a variety of cellular activities. The objective of these experiments was to clone a cDNA for a chicken protein similar to other previously reported heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins for other species. The 5' and 3' ends of the chicken mRNA were cloned using Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE). Subsequently, the expression of the mRNA sequence was confirmed via Northern analysis. The deduced amino acid sequence was approximately 86% identical to corresponding regions of human, mouse, or zebrafish proteins similar to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1. The expression data confirmed the size of the predicted mRNA sequence. The newly identified sequence may be employed in future studies aimed at understanding the role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in avian species.}, number={1}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Giamario, C and Dibner, JJ and McCoy, DW}, year={2004}, month={Jan}, pages={89–94} }
 @article{mozdziak_petitte_carson_2004, title={An introductory undergraduate course covering animal cell culture techniques}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1539-3429"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-4944221288&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/bmb.2004.494032050381}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Petitte, JN and Carson, SD}, year={2004}, pages={319–322} }
 @article{moore_ferket_mozdziak_2004, title={In ovo intraperitoneal administration of bromodeoxyuridine to avian fetuses}, volume={36}, ISSN={["1940-9818"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347285409&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2144/04361BM05}, abstractNote={The embryological development of skeletal muscle begins with the fusion of mononucleated myoblasts that form myotubes, which then mature into myo-fibers (1). By late embryogenesis, myo-blasts found in the chicken fetus may be referred to as satellite cells, and they have predominantly adult characteristics (2). Satellite cells are located underneath the myofiber basal lamina along the entire length of the myofiber (3). Satellite cells are a mitotically active cell population (4), making it possible to label the cells with}, number={1}, journal={BIOTECHNIQUES}, author={Moore, DT and Ferket, PR and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2004}, month={Jan}, pages={50-+} }
 @article{pophal_mozdziak_vieira_2004, title={Satellite cell mitotic activity of broilers fed differing levels of lysine}, volume={3}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-27644563258&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2004.758.763}, abstractNote={Post-hatch myofiber growth is dependent upon the addition of new nuclei from the mitotically active satellite cell population. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between different levels of dietary lysine and satellite cell mitotic activity during the early post-hatch period. Broiler chicks were split into five groups of 10 birds each immediately post-hatch. One group was not provided any feed or water for the first three days post-hatch, whereas the other groups were provided a standard starter diet with different levels of lysine (0.82, 0.99, 1.16, 1.33%) for the first three days post-hatch. All birds were injected with 5- Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) 2 hours before they were killed on the third day post-hatch. Mitotically active satellite cells were identified in the Pectoralis thoracicus and quantified using BrdU immunohistochemistry in combination with computer-based image analysis. Satellite cell mitotic activity was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the starved compared to any of the fed groups. However, satellite cell mitotic activity was highest (P < 0.05) in the birds that were provided a lysine deficient diet (0.82%). The current study suggests that it is possible to nutritionally stimulate the satellite cell population in the early post-hatch chick, and that it is an important endeavour to re-examine the nutritional requirements of the early post-hatch chick to optimize meat yield.}, number={12}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Pophal, S. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Vieira, S.L.}, year={2004}, pages={758–763} }
 @misc{mozdziak_petitte_2004, title={Status of transgenic chicken models for developmental biology}, volume={229}, ISSN={["1097-0177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1542318431&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/dvdy.10461}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Petitte, JN}, year={2004}, month={Mar}, pages={414–421} }
 @article{moore_mozdziak_2004, title={The dynamics of skeletal muscle development}, volume={20}, ISBN={1388-3119}, journal={World Poultry (Doetinchem, Netherlands)}, author={Moore, D. T. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2004}, pages={6} }
 @article{mozdziak_borwornpinyo_mccoy_petitte_2003, title={Development of transgenic chickens expressing bacterial beta-galactosidase}, volume={226}, ISSN={["1097-0177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037370171&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/dvdy.10234}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Borwornpinyo, S and McCoy, DW and Petitte, JN}, year={2003}, month={Mar}, pages={439–445} }
 @article{mozdziak_dibner_mccoy_2003, title={Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression varies with age and nutrition status}, volume={19}, ISSN={["0899-9007"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037403786&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S0899-9007(02)01006-7}, abstractNote={Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, and it is a popular internal standard for northern blot analysis. We examined GAPDH expression early in life when feed is either provided or not provided to animals.Male broiler chickens were provided a standard starter diet plus Oasis nutritional supplement (fed group; Novus International, St. Louis, MO, USA) or no feed (starved group) for the first 3 d posthatch. Subsequently, the standard starter diet was provided to all chickens between 3 and 7 d posthatch. RNA was extracted from the pectoralis thoracicus, and GAPDH expression was evaluated with quantitative northern analysis.GAPDH expression was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the fed than in the starved group at 3 d posthatch, suggesting that nutritional manipulations can alter GAPDH transcription. Similarly, GAPDH mRNA levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher at 7 d posthatch compared with all younger animals, suggesting that GAPDH is developmentally upregulated with advancing age.GAPDH expression changes with age and nutrition status in the early posthatch chick, suggesting that GAPDH is not a proper internal standard for muscle studies using quantitative northern analysis.}, number={5}, journal={NUTRITION}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Dibner, JJ and McCoy, DW}, year={2003}, month={May}, pages={438–440} }
 @article{giamario_petitte_mozdziak_2003, title={Hatchability of chicken embryos following somite manipulation}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1940-9818"]}, url={http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/12813875}, DOI={10.2144/03346bm01}, abstractNote={The avian embryo has been a classical model to study early development because the embryo is easily accessible for manipulation of embryonic cells and structures. The usefulness of the chicken embryo increased with the development of quail-chick transplantation techniques (1,2). The ability to transplant Japanese quail cells into a chicken embryo provides a method to trace the developmental fate of the implanted quail cells in a chicken host embryo because the dense magentacolored heterochromatin and nucleoli of the Japanese quail nuclei in Feuglenstained histological sections distinguishes donor quail nuclei from host chicken nuclei. The quail nucleolar marker is heritable, making it possible to determine the ultimate developmental fate of quail cells transplanted into host chicken embryos. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies have been developed that recognize quail nuclei, but they do not recognize chicken nuclei (QCPN; Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA, USA). Therefore, it is possible to distinguish quail cells from chicken cells in a quailchick chimera using classical histochemistry (Feuglen staining) (1–3) or immunohistochemistry (4–6). Although the quail-chick chimera has been a powerful tool for developmental biology research, it would be better to employ a chicken/chicken implantation system because it would eliminate any potentially confounding species-specific effects on any experiments. However, it has been previously impossible to employ a chicken/chicken system to study cell fate because there have not been any previously reported useful lines of transgenic chickens expressing histologically convenient reporter genes. Lines of transgenic chickens carrying the Escherichia coli lacZ reporter gene and expressing β-galactosidase have recently been developed (7), making it possible to follow the developmental fate of transgenic chicken cells implanted into wild-type embryos. Therefore, a new tool for developmental biology research that is a significant improvement over the quail-chicken system is now available. A potential difficulty in avian embryonic developmental biology research is the ability to follow embryonic cell fate through hatching and adult maturity. Few researchers have attempted to study the effect of embryonic manipulation on post-hatch chickens. In one case, a portion of the neural tube and the somites was removed from 621 chicken embryos and replaced with the same portion of the neural tube from quail embryos, but only 46 somatic chimeras hatched (7%). Seventeen of the 46 somatic chimeras exhibited various abnormalities in the limbs at hatching. Therefore, only 29 hatched somatic chimeras from the original 621 manipulated embryos were fully viable at hatch (5%) (8). The surviving quailchick chimeras appeared normal at hatch but died after a few weeks of age because of an interspecies-related demylenation of the spinal cord (9). It appears that the quail-chicken system is not applicable for studying the effects of embryonic manipulations on adult birds. Furthermore, chick-chick neural tube/somite chimeras also resulted in a very low hatchability (2 out of 40; 5%) (8). Therefore, it also appears that it is difficult to achieve a reasonable level of hatchability following embryonic manipulations to study post-hatch development. It is important to note that these experiments (8,9) included an invasive transfer of the spinal cord between embryos. However, other less invasive manipulations have also resulted in relatively low hatchability. For example, primordial germ cells were injected into the dorsal aorta of recipient stage 15 (10) embryos, and only 7%–14% of the injected embryos hatched in one study (11), and approximately 26% of the injected embryos hatched in a second study (12). Furthermore, Naito et al. (11,12) used a laborious surrogate eggshell culturing procedure for their studies, and the procedures reported in the present study employ a simple eggshell windowing technique. For the most part, hatchability data for somatic manipulations do not appear readily available in the scientific literature. Therefore, the objective of this manuscript is to report our procedures for the manipulation of embryonic chick somites and the associated level of hatchability that was achieved using the reported procedures. The rationale was to demonstrate the results of microinjection and the level of hatchability associated with the experimental manipulations. Future studies will focus on implanted cell fate. The experimental procedures are useful for studies aimed at understanding the effect of embryonic manipulations on post-hatch development. Freshly laid eggs were placed into an incubator until they reached stages 10–15 (10). Fertile eggs were stored with the blunt end up for 2–3 h. Subsequently, a hole was cut in the shell on the blunt end of the egg with surgical scissors (Figure 1). The embryos were visualized in the egg using lateral illumination though a wratten 47 blue gelatin filter (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). The blue filter visualizes the somites in the embryo while it is still in the egg (Figure 2). Therefore, it is possible with blue light illumination to manipulate the chicken embryos without traditional India ink staining. All embryos were manipulated between approximately stage 10 and stage 15 (10). Figure 3 also demonstrates that it is possible to sufficiently visualize the somites and other structures for implantation studies without India ink staining because 3 μL of a 50 μg/mL solution of propidium iodide in 0.1% SDS were successfully injected into a somite. Subsequently, the injected embryo was fixed with 4% paraBenchmarks}, number={6}, journal={BIOTECHNIQUES}, author={Giamario, C and Petitte, JN and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2003}, month={Jun}, pages={1128–1130} }
 @article{giamario_petitte_mozdziak_2003, title={Myonuclear accrestion-a brief review}, volume={21}, number={Suppl. 1}, journal={Animal Science Papers and Reports}, author={Giamario, C. and Petitte, J. N. and Mozdziak, P. E.}, year={2003}, pages={121–131} }
 @article{pophal_evans_mozdziak_2003, title={Myonuclear apoptosis occurs during early posthatch starvation}, volume={135}, ISSN={["1096-4959"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0042709390&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S1096-4959(03)00148-9}, abstractNote={Apoptosis is a naturally occurring process; it is important for the final shape and size of developing tissues, and it is characterized by some morphological features such as plasma membrane blebbing, nuclear breakdown, chromosomal fragmentation and apoptotic bodies followed by phagocytosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of apoptosis in chickens immediately posthatch under fed and starved conditions. Male broiler chickens were or were not provided feed for the first 3 days posthatch. Chickens were killed immediately after hatch, at 1 day of age, at 2 days of age and at 3 days of age. The Pectoralis thoracicus was removed, fixed, dehydrated, cleared and embedded in paraffin. Muscle sections were labeled using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) for detection of apoptotic nuclei. Body weights were lower (P<0.05) in the starved compared to the fed group at 2 and 3 days posthatch. Myofiber cross-sectional area was only smaller (P<0.05) in the starved compared to the fed birds at 3 days posthatch. TUNEL-positive nuclei were present at all days for the fed and starved groups. The proportion of TUNEL-positive nuclei was higher (P<0.05) for the starved group at day 2 and day 3 posthatch compared to the fed group at 3 days posthatch. Apoptosis is a mechanism that contributes to the smaller myofiber size observed at 3 days posthatch.}, number={4}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Pophal, S and Evans, JJ and Mozdziak, PE}, year={2003}, month={Aug}, pages={677–681} }
 @article{mozdziak_pophal_borwornpinyo_petitte_2003, title={Transgenic chickens expressing beta-galactosidase hydrolyze lactose in the intestine}, volume={133}, ISSN={["1541-6100"]}, url={http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/14519787}, DOI={10.1093/jn/133.10.3076}, abstractNote={Chickens do not possess the necessary enzymes to efficiently hydrolyze lactose into glucose and galactose. The bacterial enzyme beta-galactosidase can convert lactose into glucose and galactose. Transgenic chickens that carry the E. coli lacZ gene and express beta-galactosidase could potentially utilize lactose as an energy source. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of the transgenic chicken small intestinal mucosa to hydrolyze lactose into glucose and galactose. Lactase activity was examined in the intestinal muscosa from wild-type chickens and two lines of chickens that carry the lacZ gene and express beta-galactosidase. Lactase activity was significantly higher in both transgenic lines compared with wild-type birds (P < 0.05). The presence of the beta-galactosidase enzyme was revealed by X-gal staining in the intestine of transgenic chickens, whereas it was not present in the wild-type chickens. Overall, it appears that inserting the lacZ gene, which encodes beta-galactosidase, has resulted in a chicken that can utilize lactose as an energy source. This study demonstrates that transgenic technology can be used to modify nutrient utilization in domestic poultry.}, number={10}, journal={JOURNAL OF NUTRITION}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Pophal, S and Borwornpinyo, S and Petitte, JN}, year={2003}, month={Oct}, pages={3076–3079} }
 @article{mozdziak_evans_mccoy_2002, title={Early posthatch starvation induces myonuclear apoptosis in chickens}, volume={132}, ISSN={["1541-6100"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036257084&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/jn/132.5.901}, abstractNote={The effect of early posthatch starvation on myonuclear apoptosis was examined in chickens. Male broiler chickens were or were not provided feed for the first 3-d posthatch. Subsequently, all chickens were provided feed for an additional 4-d posthatch. Chickens were killed at 3- and 7-d posthatch, and the pectoralis thoracicus was harvested, fixed and embedded in paraffin. Muscle sections were labeled with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase histochemical staining technique to identify apoptotic nuclei. At 3- and 7-d posthatch, there was a significantly (P < 0.05) smaller myofiber cross-sectional area for the starved compared with the fed chickens. A larger proportion (P < 0.05) of apoptotic nuclei relative to total nuclei was observed in the starved compared to the fed chickens killed at 3-d posthatch, but the proportion of apoptotic nuclei relative to total nuclei did not differ (P > 0.05) between the starved and fed chickens killed at 7-d posthatch. It appears that apoptosis is a mechanism contributing to the smaller myofiber size observed when feed is not provided early posthatch.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF NUTRITION}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Evans, JJ and McCoy, DW}, year={2002}, month={May}, pages={901–903} }
 @article{greaser_berri_warren_mozdziak_2002, title={Species variations in cDNA sequence and exon splicing patterns in the extensible I-band region of cardiac titin: Relation to passive tension}, volume={23}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037907752&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1023/A:1023410523184}, abstractNote={Titin is believed to play a major role in passive tension development in cardiac muscle. The cDNA sequence of cardiac titin in the I-band sarcomeric region was determined for several mammalian species. Contiguous sequences of 3749, 12,230, 6602, and 11,850 base pairs have been obtained for the rat N2B, rat N2BA, dog N2B, and dog N2BA isoforms respectively. The length of the PEVK region of the N2B isoform did not correlate with rest tension properties since the only species showing an altered length was the dog that expressed a shorter form. No differences were found between the N2B PEVK lengths in ventricular and atrial muscle. New N2BA splicing pathways in the first tandem Ig region were found in human and dog cardiac muscle. Most of the rat and dog sequences were 85-95% identical with the reported human sequence. However, the N2B unique amino acid sequences of rat and dog were only 51 and 67% identical to human. The rat N2B unique sequence was 526 amino acids in length compared to 572 in human. The difference in length was due to deletion of amino acid segments from six different regions of the N2B unique domain. Patterns of PEVK exon expression were also much different in the dog, human, and rat. Six separate dog N2BA PEVK clones were sequenced, and all had different exon splice combinations yielding PEVK lengths ranging from 703 to 900 amino acids. In contrast a rat N2BA clone had a PEVK length of 525 amino acids, while a human clone had an 908 amino acid PEVK segment. Thus, in addition to the higher proportion of the shorter N2B isoform found in rat compared with dog cardiac muscle observed previously, shorter N2B unique and N2BA PEVK segments may also contribute to the greater passive tension in cardiac muscle from rats.}, number={5-6}, journal={Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility}, author={Greaser, M.L. and Berri, M. and Warren, C.M. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2002}, pages={473–482} }
 @article{mozdziak_walsh_mccoy_2002, title={The effect of early posthatch nutrition on satellite cell mitotic activity}, volume={81}, ISSN={["0032-5791"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036836103&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1093/ps/81.11.1703}, abstractNote={Myofiber growth is dependent upon the contribution of new nuclei from the mitotically active satellite cell population. The objective of this study was to examine satellite cell mitotic activity in conjunction with different nutritional paradigms during the early posthatch period. Turkey poults were provided a standard turkey starter diet; the starter diet top-dressed with a hydrated low-fat, highly digestible protein and carbohydrate nutritional hatchling supplement, Oasis; the starter diet top-dressed with Solka-floc dyed green; or no food for the first 3 d posthatch. All birds were fed a standard starter diet during the experimental period. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was continuously infused into all treatments (n = 5 all groups) between hatch and 3 d of age. A second group of identically treated poults housed in separate pens (n = 3 to 5) was continuously infused with BrdU between 2 and 9 d of age. Mitotically active satellite cells were identified in the pectoralis thoracicus and quantitated using BrdU immunohistochemistry in combination with computer-based image analysis. Satellite cell mitotic activity was significantly higher (P < or = 0.05) in the birds fed a standard starter diet compared to all other treatments at 3 d posthatch. However, there were no (P > or = 0.05) differences in satellite cell mitotic activity among treatments at 9 d posthatch. The results of the current study suggest that any improvements in meat yield through early nutritional supplementation do not appear to occur through a satellite cell pathway and that there is no compensatory response in the satellite cell population following refeeding after early posthatch starvation.}, number={11}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Walsh, TJ and McCoy, DW}, year={2002}, month={Nov}, pages={1703–1708} }
 @article{mozdziak_dibner_mccoy_2002, title={The effect of early posthatch starvation on calpain mRNA levels}, volume={133}, ISSN={["1096-4959"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036790057&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S1096-4959(02)00131-8}, abstractNote={The calpain system is a family of calcium activated proteases that degrade myofibrillar protein. Male broiler chickens (Ross) were provided a standard starter diet top-dressed with Oasis((R)) nutritional supplement (fed; Novus International, St. Louis, MO, USA), or they were not provided any feed (starved) for the first 3 days posthatch. Subsequently, the standard starter diet was provided to all chickens between 3 and 7 days posthatch. RNA was extracted from the Pectoralis thoracicus, and skeletal muscle-specific n-calpain-1 (p94) calpain, mu-calpain, and m-calpain expression was evaluated using quantitative Northern analysis. Early posthatch starvation did not (P>0.05) affect calpain mRNA levels on each day examined. Similarly, there were no (P>0.05) changes in mu-calpain or m-calpain mRNA levels between 0 and 7 days posthatch in fed birds. However, p94 calpain mRNA levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower at 7 days posthatch compared to 0 or 2 days posthatch. Therefore, in the early posthatch chicken, it appears that the calpain system may not be affected by the presence of oral nutrition, and that there is an age-related downregulation of p94 calpain mRNA expression.}, number={2}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Dibner, JJ and McCoy, DW}, year={2002}, month={Oct}, pages={221–226} }
 @article{mozdziak_pulvermacher_schultz_2001, title={Muscle regeneration during hindlimb unloading results in a reduction in muscle size after reloading}, volume={91}, ISSN={["8750-7587"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034967920&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.183}, abstractNote={The hindlimb-unloading model was used to study the ability of muscle injured in a weightless environment to recover after reloading. Satellite cell mitotic activity and DNA unit size were determined in injured and intact soleus muscles from hindlimb-unloaded and age-matched weight-bearing rats at the conclusion of 28 days of hindlimb unloading, 2 wk after reloading, and 9 wk after reloading. The body weights of hindlimb-unloaded rats were significantly ( P < 0.05) less than those of weight-bearing rats at the conclusion of hindlimb unloading, but they were the same ( P > 0.05) as those of weight-bearing rats 2 and 9 wk after reloading. The soleus muscle weight, soleus muscle weight-to-body weight ratio, myofiber diameter, number of nuclei per millimeter, and DNA unit size were significantly ( P< 0.05) smaller for the injured soleus muscles from hindlimb-unloaded rats than for the soleus muscles from weight-bearing rats at each recovery time. Satellite cell mitotic activity was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in the injured soleus muscles from hindlimb-unloaded rats than from weight-bearing rats 2 wk after reloading, but it was the same ( P > 0.05) as in the injured soleus muscles from weight-bearing rats 9 wk after reloading. The injured soleus muscles from hindlimb-unloaded rats failed to achieve weight-bearing muscle size 9 wk after reloading, because incomplete compensation for the decrease in myonuclear accretion and DNA unit size expansion occurred during the unloading period.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Pulvermacher, PM and Schultz, E}, year={2001}, month={Jul}, pages={183–190} }
 @article{dangott_schultz_mozdziak_2000, title={Dietary creatine monohydrate supplementation increases satellite cell mitotic activity during compensatory hypertrophy}, volume={21}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033984547&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1055/s-2000-8848}, abstractNote={Nutritional status influences muscle growth and athletic performance, but little is known about the effect of nutritional supplements, such as creatine, on satellite cell mitotic activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle growth, compensatory hypertrophy, and satellite cell mitotic activity. Compensatory hypertrophy was induced in the rat plantaris muscle by removing the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. Immediately following surgery, a group of six rats was provided with elevated levels of creatine monohydrate in their diet. Another group of six rats was maintained as a non-supplemented control group. Twelve days following surgery, all rats were implanted with mini-osmotic pumps containing the thymidine analog 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label mitotically active satellite cells. Four weeks after the initial surgery the rats were killed, plantaris muscles were removed and weighed. Subsequently, BrdU-labeled and non-BrdU-labeled nuclei were identified on enzymatically isolated myofiber segments. Muscle mass and myofiber diameters were larger (P < 0.05) in the muscles that underwent compensatory hypertrophy compared to the control muscles, but there were no differences between muscles from creatine-supplemented and non-creatine-supplemented rats. Similarly, compensatory hypertrophy resulted in an increased (P < 0.05) number of BrdU-labeled myofiber nuclei, but creatine supplementation in combination with compensatory hypertrophy resulted in a higher (P < 0.05) number of BrdU-labeled myofiber nuclei compared to compensatory hypertrophy without creatine supplementation. Thus, creatine supplementation in combination with an increased functional load results in increased satellite cell mitotic activity.}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Sports Medicine}, author={Dangott, B. and Schultz, E. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={2000}, pages={13–16} }
 @article{mozdziak_pulvermacher_schultz_schell_2000, title={Hoechst fluorescence intensity can be used to separate viable bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells from viable non-bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0196-4763"]}, DOI={10.1002/1097-0320(20001001)41:2<89::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-I}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) is a powerful compound to study the mitotic activity of a cell. Most techniques that identify BrdU-labeled cells require conditions that kill the cells. However, the fluorescence intensity of the membrane-permeable Hoechst dyes is reduced by the incorporation of BrdU into DNA, allowing the separation of viable BrdU positive (BrdU+) cells from viable BrdU negative (BrdU-) cells.


METHODS
Cultures of proliferating cells were supplemented with BrdU for 48 h and other cultures of proliferating cells were maintained without BrdU. Mixtures of viable BrdU+ and viable BrdU- cells from the two proliferating cultures were stained with Hoechst 33342. The viable BrdU+ and BrdU- cells were sorted into different fractions from a mixture of BrdU+ and BrdU- cells based on Hoechst fluorescence intensity and the ability to exclude the vital dye, propidium iodide. Subsequently, samples from the original mixture, the sorted BrdU+ cell population, and the sorted BrdU- cell population were immunostained using an anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody and evaluated using flow cytometry.


RESULTS
Two mixtures consisting of approximately 55% and 69% BrdU+ cells were sorted into fractions consisting of greater than 93% BrdU+ cells and 92% BrdU- cells. The separated cell populations were maintained in vitro after sorting to demonstrate their viability.


CONCLUSIONS
Hoechst fluorescence intensity in combination with cell sorting is an effective tool to separate viable BrdU+ from viable BrdU- cells for further study. The separated cell populations were maintained in vitro after sorting to demonstrate their viability.}, number={2}, journal={CYTOMETRY}, author={Mozdziak, PE and Pulvermacher, PM and Schultz, E and Schell, K}, year={2000}, month={Oct}, pages={89–95} }
 @article{mozdziak_pulvermacher_schultz_schell_2000, title={Hoechst fluorescence intensity can be used to separate viable bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells from viable non-bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells}, volume={41}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033814280&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/1097-0320(20001001)41:2<89::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-I}, number={2}, journal={Cytometry}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Pulvermacher, P.M. and Schultz, E. and Schell, K.}, year={2000}, pages={89–95} }
 @article{mozdziak_schultz_2000, title={Retroviral labeling is an appropriate marker for dividing cells}, volume={75}, ISSN={["1052-0295"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033887663&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3109/10520290009066492}, abstractNote={5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridne (BrdU) and 3H-thymidine label mitotically active cells, but they do not adequately mark the progeny of dividing cells for long term study. An alternative method is to label cells using the replication-defective CXL retroviral vector, which carries the lacZ gene encoding β-galactosidase; however, the ability of the CXL retroviral vector to pulse-label mitotically active cells selectively is not known. Cultures of proliferating muscle cells were simultaneously incubated with the CXL retrovirus and BrdU (10 μM) for 2 hr. After removing the retrovirus containing medium, the cells were maintained for an additional 24 hr in vitro before they were stained to detect β-galactosidase and BrdU simultaneously. More than 95% of β-galactosidase positive cells were also BrdU positive suggesting that the majority of β-galactosidase positive cells were in the S-phase of the cell cycle at the time of CXL retroviral administration. Therefore, the CXL retroviral vector is an appropriate pulse marker for dividing cells, and it is useful when it is desirable to know the fate of the progeny of a particular cell following a mitotic event.}, number={3}, journal={BIOTECHNIC & HISTOCHEMISTRY}, author={Mozdziak, P and Schultz, E}, year={2000}, month={May}, pages={141–146} }
 @book{greaser_wang_berri_mozdziak_kumazawa_granzier_bullard_pollack_vigoreaux_trombitás_et al._2000, title={Sequence and mechanical implications of titin's PEVK region}, volume={481}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034473924&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, journal={Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology}, author={Greaser, M.L. and Wang, S.-M. and Berri, M. and Mozdziak, P. and Kumazawa, Y. and Granzier and Bullard and Pollack and Vigoreaux and Trombitás and et al.}, year={2000}, pages={53–66} }
 @article{mozdziak_mcfarland_schultz_2000, title={Telomeric profiles and telomerase activity in turkey satellite cell clones with different in vitro growth characteristics}, volume={1492}, ISSN={["0167-4781"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034710178&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00119-6}, abstractNote={The satellite cell population in postnatal skeletal muscle is heterogeneous because individual satellite cells isolated from a single muscle have differing abilities to proliferate under the same in vitro conditions. Telomeres are structures found at the ends of all eukaryotic chromosomes that are characterized by repetitive DNA sequences, and they are important in determining cellular proliferation potential. The relationship between satellite cell proliferative heterogeneity and telomeric DNA was examined by digesting genomic DNA from large-colony-forming and small-colony-forming turkey satellite cell clones with HinfI, separating the restriction fragments on an agarose gel, and hybridizing the gels with an oligonucleotide probe specific for telomeric DNA. Turkey satellite cells generated telomeric restriction fragments up to approximately 180 kB. The large-colony-forming satellite cell clones had a larger proportion (P<0.05) of total telomeric restriction fragments below 33 kB than the small-colony-forming satellite cell clones. However, telomerase expression was detected in cultures from large-colony-forming and small-colony-forming turkey satellite cells suggesting that the differences in telomeric restriction fragments may not be related to the differences in in vitro proliferative behavior and that telomerase may contribute to the high in vitro growth capacity of turkey satellite cells.}, number={2-3}, journal={BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION}, author={Mozdziak, PE and McFarland, DC and Schultz, E}, year={2000}, month={Jul}, pages={362–368} }
 @article{mozdziak_pulvermacher_schultz_2000, title={Unloading of juvenile muscle results in a reduced muscle size 9 wk after reloading}, volume={88}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033978242&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Physiology}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Pulvermacher, P.M. and Schultz, E.}, year={2000}, pages={158–164} }
 @article{mozdziak_greaser_schultz_1999, title={Myogenin, MyoD, and myosin heavy chain isoform expression following hindlimb suspension}, volume={70}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032914389&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={5}, journal={Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Greaser, M.L. and Schultz, E.}, year={1999}, pages={511–516} }
 @article{ulibarri_mozdziak_schultz_cook_best_1999, title={Nitric oxide donors, sodium nitroprusside and S-nitroso-N- acetylpenicillamine, stimulate myoblast proliferation in vitro}, volume={35}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032904844&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11626-999-0029-1}, abstractNote={Nitric oxide (NO) is an inter- and intracellular messenger involved in a variety of physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions. The effect of two NO donors, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and their effect on myoblast proliferation was examined. Both donors stimulated an increase in myoblast cell number over a range (1-10 microM) of donor concentrations. However, 50 microM SNAP inhibited myoblast proliferation. Cell numbers from cultures treated with degraded 10 microM SNAP were equivalent to the control. Therefore, it appears NO can stimulate as well as inhibit myoblast proliferation.}, number={4}, journal={In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Animal}, author={Ulibarri, J.A. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Schultz, E. and Cook, C. and Best, T.M.}, year={1999}, pages={215–218} }
 @article{mozdziak_truong_macius_schultz_1998, title={Hindlimb suspension reduces muscle regeneration}, volume={78}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031820386&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s004210050398}, abstractNote={Exposure of juvenile skeletal muscle to a weightless environment reduces growth and satellite cell mitotic activity. However, the effect of a weightless environment on the satellite cell population during muscle repair remains unknown. Muscle injury was induced in rat soleus muscles using the myotoxic snake venom, notexin. Rats were placed into hindlimb-suspended or weightbearing groups for 10 days following injury. Cellular proliferation during regeneration was evaluated using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Hindlimb suspension reduced (P < 0.05) regenerated muscle mass, regenerated myofiber diameter, uninjured muscle mass, and uninjured myofiber diameter compared to weightbearing rats. Hindlimb suspension reduced (P < 0.05) BrdU labeling in uninjured soleus muscles compared to weight-bearing muscles. However, hindlimb suspension did not abolish muscle regeneration because myofibers formed in the injured soleus muscles of hindlimb-suspended rats, and BrdU labeling was equivalent (P > 0.10) on myofiber segments isolated from the soleus muscles of hindlimb-suspended and weightbearing rats following injury. Thus, hindlimb suspension (weightlessness) does not suppress satellite cell mitotic activity in regenerating muscles before myofiber formation, but reduces growth of the newly formed myofibers.}, number={2}, journal={European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Truong, Q. and Macius, A. and Schultz, E.}, year={1998}, pages={136–140} }
 @article{mozdziak_greaser_schultz_1998, title={Myogenin, MyoD, and myosin expression after pharmacologically and surgically induced hypertrophy}, volume={84}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031897155&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Applied Physiology}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Greaser, M.L. and Schultz, E.}, year={1998}, pages={1359–1364} }
 @article{fassel_mozdziak_sanger_edmiston_1998, title={Superior preservation of the staphylococcal glycocalyx with aldehyde- ruthenium red and select lysine salts using extended fixation times}, volume={41}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032523772&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980515)41:4<291::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-U}, number={4}, journal={Microscopy Research and Technique}, author={Fassel, T.A. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Sanger, J.R. and Edmiston, C.E.}, year={1998}, pages={291–297} }
 @article{mozdziak_schultz_cassens_1997, title={Myonuclear accretion is a major determinant of avian skeletal muscle growth}, volume={272}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030970142&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={2 41-2}, journal={American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Schultz, E. and Cassens, R.G.}, year={1997} }
 @article{fassel_mozdziak_sanger_edmiston_1997, title={Paraformaldehyde effect on ruthenium red and lysine preservation and staining of the staphylococcal glycocalyx}, volume={36}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030945088&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970301)36:5<422::AID-JEMT12>3.0.CO;2-U}, number={5}, journal={Microscopy Research and Technique}, author={Fassel, T.A. and Mozdziak, P.E. and Sanger, J.R. and Edmiston, C.E.}, year={1997}, pages={422–427} }
 @article{mozdziak_fassel_schultz_greaser_cassens_1996, title={A double fluorescence staining protocol to determine the cross-sectional area of myofibers using image analysis}, volume={71}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029986909&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3109/10520299609117143}, abstractNote={A double fluorescence staining protocol was developed to facilitate computer based image analysis. Myofibers from experimentally treated (irradiated) and control growing turkey skeletal muscle were labeled with the anti-myosin antibody MF-20 and detected using fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC). Extracellular material was stained with concanavalin A (ConA)-Texas red. The cross-sectional area of the myofibers was determined by calculating the number of pixels (0.83 mu m(2)) overlying each myofiber after subtracting the ConA-Texas red image from the MF-20-FITC image for each region of interest. As expected, myofibers in the irradiated muscle were smaller (P < 0.05) than those in the non-irradiated muscle. This double fluorescence staining protocol combined with image analysis is accurate and less labor-intensive than classical procedures for determining the cross-sectional area of myofibers.}, number={2}, journal={Biotechnic and Histochemistry}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Fassel, T.A. and Schultz, E. and Greaser, M.L. and Cassens, R.G.}, year={1996}, pages={102–107} }
 @article{mozdziak_schultz_cassens_1996, title={The effect of in vivo and in vitro irradiation (25 Gy) on the subsequent in vitro growth of satellite cells}, volume={283}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030048968&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s004410050530}, abstractNote={The effect of in vivo and in vitro irradiation on subsequent satellite cell growth, in vitro, was investigated to ascertain the ability of a 25 Gy dose to inhibit satellite cell proliferation. Satellite cells were isolated from the left (irradiated) and right (non-irradiated) Pectoralis thoracicus of two-week-old tom turkeys 16 h (n=3) and seven weeks (n=2) after the left Pectoralis thoracicus had been irradiated (25 Gy). Satellite cells isolated from the irradiated and non-irradiated muscles exhibited similar (P>0.10) in vitro proliferation indicating that a population of satellite cells survived an in vivo dose of 25 Gy. In additional experiments, satellite cell cultures derived from tom turkey Pectoralis thoracicus were irradiated (25 Gy) in vitro. The number of satellite cells did not (P>0.05) increase in irradiated cultures for 134 h following irradiation, while satellite cells in non-irradiated cultures proliferated (P<0.05) over this time. At later time periods, satellite cell number increased (P<0.05) in irradiated cultures indicating that a population of satellite cells survived irradiation. The results of these in vitro experiments suggest that a 25 Gy dose of irradiation does not abolish satellite cell divisions in the turkey Pectoralis thoracicus.}, number={2}, journal={Cell and Tissue Research}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Schultz, E. and Cassens, R.G.}, year={1996}, pages={203–208} }
 @article{arihara_cassens_greaser_luchansky_mozdziak_1995, title={Localization of metmyoglobin-reducing enzyme (NADH-cytochrome b<inf>5</inf>reductase) system components in bovine skeletal muscle}, volume={39}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-21844482571&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/0309-1740(94)P1821-C}, abstractNote={Localization of metmyoglobin-reducing enzyme system components (NADH-cytochrome b(5) reductase, cytochrome b(5) outer mitochondrial membrane cytochrome b) was demonstrated in bovine skeletal muscle by immunohistochemical techniques. Both NADH-cytochrome b(5) reductase and OM cytochrome b were located in red fibers. However, localization of cytochrome b(5) did not show a definite difference between fiber types. Using an immunoblotting technique. NADH-cytochrome b(5) reductase was found predominantly in the mitochondrial fraction, but it was also detected at lower levels in the microsomal fraction. OM cytochrome b was found predominantly in the mitochondrial fraction, but cytochrome b(5) was detected only in the microsomal fraction. The results from this study, along with previous work about the localization of myoglobin in muscle, suggest that NADH-cytochrome b(5) reductase reduces metmyoglobin by using OM cytochrome b at the mitochondrial surface and, in part, by using cytochrome b(5) at the sarcoplasmic reticulum.}, number={2}, journal={Meat Science}, author={Arihara, K. and Cassens, R.G. and Greaser, M.L. and Luchansky, J.B. and Mozdziak, P.E.}, year={1995}, pages={205–213} }
 @article{mozdziak_fassel_gregory_schultz_greaser_cassens_1994, title={Quantitation of satellite cell proliferation in vivo using image analysis}, volume={69}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027956423&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3109/10520299409106296}, abstractNote={A nonisotopic, double fluorescence technique was developed to study myogenic satellite cell proliferation in posthatch turkey skeletal muscle. Labeled satellite cell nuclei were identified on enzymatically isolated myofiber segments using a mouse monoclonal antibody (anti-BrdU) followed by fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody. Myofiber nuclei (myonuclei+satellite cell nuclei) were counterstained with propidium iodide (PI). The myofiber segment length, myofiber segment diameter, and the number of PI and FITC labeled nuclei contained in each segment was determined using a Nikon fluorescence microscope, a SIT video camera and Image-1 software. Data collected by three different operators of the image analysis system revealed 5.0 +/- 1.4 satellite cell nuclei per 1000 myofiber nuclei and 5284 +/- 462 microns3 of cytoplasm surrounding each myofiber nucleus in the pectoralis thoracicus of 9-week-old tom turkeys. BrdU immunohistochemistry coupled with the new approach of PI staining of whole myofiber mounts is an effective combination to allow the use of an efficient semi-automated image analysis protocol.}, number={5}, journal={Biotechnic and Histochemistry}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Fassel, T. and Gregory, R. and Schultz, E. and Greaser, M.L. and Cassens, R.G.}, year={1994}, pages={249–252} }
 @article{mozdziak_schultz_cassens_1994, title={Satellite cell mitotic activity in posthatch turkey skeletal muscle growth.}, volume={73}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028414407&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={Poultry science}, author={Mozdziak, P.E. and Schultz, E. and Cassens, R.G.}, year={1994}, pages={547–555} }
 @article{mozdziak_cassens_1993, title={SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF TUMBLED CURED BEEF}, volume={4}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-21144465723&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1745-4573.1993.tb00505.x}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Muscle Foods}, author={MOZDZIAK, P.E. and CASSENS, R.G.}, year={1993}, pages={237–243} }