@article{marusak_west_davis_fletcher_guy_2012, title={Transmissible Viral Proventriculitis Identified in Broiler Breeder and Layer Hens}, volume={56}, ISSN={0005-2086 1938-4351}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/10216-042412-case.1}, DOI={10.1637/10216-042412-case.1}, abstractNote={SUMMARY. Transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) is a recognized cause of production losses in broiler chickens, but previously it has not been reported in broiler breeder and commercial layer hens. In this study, TVP was identified in broiler breeder and commercial layer hens, 9–20 wk of age, based on histopathologic detection of characteristic microscopic lesions. Microscopic lesions in proventriculi of affected hens consisted of glandular epithelial necrosis, ductal epithelial hyperplasia, replacement of glandular epithelium with ductal epithelium, and diffuse interstitial lymphoid infiltration. Additionally, chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV), a virus previously identified as the etiology of TVP in broiler chickens, was detected in proventriculi of TVP-affected hens using a reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction procedure. The findings identify TVP as a potential cause of production losses in broiler breeder and commercial layer hens and provide additional evidence for etiologic involvement in TVP by CPNV.}, number={4}, journal={Avian Diseases}, publisher={American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP)}, author={Marusak, Rosemary A. and West, Melissa A. and Davis, James F. and Fletcher, Oscar J. and Guy, James S.}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={757–759} }
 @article{guy_west_fuller_marusak_shivaprasad_davis_fletcher_2011, title={Detection of Chicken Proventricular Necrosis Virus (R11/3 Virus) in Experimental and Naturally Occurring Cases of Transmissible Viral Proventriculitis with the Use of a Reverse Transcriptase-PCR Procedure}, volume={55}, ISSN={["0005-2086"]}, DOI={10.1637/9586-102110-reg.1}, abstractNote={SUMMARY. A reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) procedure was evaluated for detection of chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) in transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) –affected chickens. The RT-PCR procedure was compared with indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and virus isolation for detection of CPNV in experimentally infected chickens. Microscopic lesions characteristic of TVP were detected on days 5–35 postexposure (PE) in CPNV-infected chickens; CPNV was detected by RT-PCR on days 3–14 PE in freshly collected proventriculi, and on days 1–14 PE in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) proventriculi. CPNV was detected in proventriculi of experimentally infected chickens by IFA on days 3–10 PE, and by virus isolation on days 1–14 PE. With IFA used as a reference, sensitivity of the RT-PCR procedure with freshly collected and FFPE proventriculi was 88% and 100%, respectively; specificity was 83% and 86%, respectively. Proventriculi (FFPE) obtained from suspect TVP cases (n  =  19) were evaluated for presence of CPNV by RT-PCR and microscopic lesions consistent with TVP. CPNV was detected by RT-PCR in proventriculi from 8/11 TVP (+) cases (24/36 tissue sections). TVP (+) cases were defined by microscopic lesions characteristic of TVP; CPNV was not detected in proventriculi (0/8 cases, 0/32 tissue sections) in the absence of these lesions. The association between presence of TVP-characteristic microscopic lesions and presence of CPNV was highly significant (P  =  0.0014). These findings indicate the utility of the RT-PCR procedure for detection of CPNV and provide additional evidence for an etiologic role for this virus in TVP.}, number={1}, journal={AVIAN DISEASES}, author={Guy, James S. and West, Melissa A. and Fuller, Frederick J. and Marusak, Rosemary A. and Shivaprasad, H. L. and Davis, James L. and Fletcher, Oscar J.}, year={2011}, month={Mar}, pages={70–75} }
 @article{ley_marusak_vivas_barnes_fletcher_2010, title={Mycoplasma iowae associated with chondrodystrophy in commercial turkeys}, volume={39}, ISSN={["0307-9457"]}, DOI={10.1080/03079451003599276}, abstractNote={Opportunistic observations of and necropsies from selected commercial (meat) turkey flocks revealed skeletal lesions consistent with chondrodystrophy, characterized by leg and vertebral deformities, occurring at very low incidences in turkeys from two primary breeds and various multiplier breeder flocks. Mycoplasma organisms were cultured and identified as Mycoplasma iowae by immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction from some of the vertebral lesions but not from leg joints. This is the first detailed description of the gross and microscopic lesions of vertebral chondrodystrophy associated with M. iowae, which should now be considered in the differential diagnosis of turkeys with these lesions.}, number={2}, journal={AVIAN PATHOLOGY}, author={Ley, David H. and Marusak, Rosemary A. and Vivas, Eduardo J. and Barnes, H. John and Fletcher, Oscar J.}, year={2010}, pages={87–93} }
 @misc{radi_marusak_morris_2009, title={Species comparison of the role of p38 MAP Kinase in the female reproductive system}, volume={22}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Toxicologic Pathology}, author={Radi, Z. A. and Marusak, R. A. and Morris, D. L.}, year={2009}, pages={109–124} }