@article{davoudzadeh_grimm_widaman_desmarais_tueller_rodgers_van dorn_2020, title={Estimation of Latent Variable Scores with Multiple Group Item Response Models: Implications for Integrative Data Analysis}, volume={27}, ISSN={1070-5511 1532-8007}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2020.1724113}, DOI={10.1080/10705511.2020.1724113}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Integrative data analysis (IDA) involves obtaining multiple datasets, scaling the data to a common metric, and jointly analyzing the data. The first step in IDA is to scale the multisample item-level data to a common metric, which is often done with multiple group item response models (MGM). With invariance constraints tested and imposed, the estimated latent variable scores from the MGM serve as an observed variable in subsequent analyses. This approach was used with empirical multiple group data and different latent variable estimates were obtained for individuals with the same response pattern from different studies. A Monte Carlo simulation study was then conducted to compare the accuracy of latent variable estimates from the MGM, a single-group item response model, and an MGM where group differences were ignored. Results suggest that these alternative approaches led to consistent and equally accurate latent variable estimates. Implications for IDA are discussed.}, number={6}, journal={Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Davoudzadeh, Pega and Grimm, Kevin J. and Widaman, Keith F. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Tueller, Stephen and Rodgers, Danielle and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2020}, month={Feb}, pages={1–11} }
 @article{cartwright_desmarais_grimm_meade_van dorn_2020, title={Psychometric Properties of the MacArthur Community Violence Screening Instrument}, volume={19}, ISSN={1499-9013 1932-9903}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2020.1718246}, DOI={10.1080/14999013.2020.1718246}, abstractNote={Abstract This study examined the psychometric properties of the MacArthur Community Violence Screening Instrument (MCVSI) in a heterogeneous and integrated sample of adults with mental illness (n = 4,480), including its factor structure, model fit, and psychometric properties as a function of patient sex, race, and primary diagnosis. Factor structure results indicate a unidimensional construct. Item-level analyses revealed that the MCVSI’s difficulty, including the easiest and most difficult items to endorse, sometimes differed across sex, race, and primary diagnosis. However, differential item functioning was minimal across these patient characteristics, with only those without a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia indicating an increased likelihood of having “hit anyone with a fist, object or beaten anyone” compared to those with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia. Overall, these findings support using the MCVSI as a measure of violence in studies of U.S. adults with mental illness. They also highlight the importance of using more methodologically rigorous approaches to measuring violence, including the ongoing study of the MCVSI across samples and settings.}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Forensic Mental Health}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Cartwright, Joel K. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Grimm, Kevin J. and Meade, Adam W. and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2020}, month={Feb}, pages={253–268} }
 @article{johnson_desmarais_tueller_van dorn_2019, title={Methodological limitations in the measurement and statistical modeling of violence among adults with mental illness}, volume={28}, ISSN={1049-8931 1557-0657}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1776}, DOI={10.1002/mpr.1776}, abstractNote={AbstractObjectivesMethodological limitations of extant research hinder the development of effective violence risk screening, assessment, and management strategies for adults with mental illness. This study quantifies the effects of three common limitations: (a) insensitive measurement of violence that results in violence classification with high levels of information bias, (b) use of cross‐sectional data, and (c) use of data lacking spatiotemporal contiguity.MethodsWe utilize secondary data (N = 3,000 participants; N = 10,017 observations) and parametric and nonparametric bootstrap simulation methodologies.ResultsNot utilizing self‐reported violence data increases information bias. Furthermore, cross‐sectional data that exclude self‐reported violence produce biased associations between substance use and psychiatric symptoms and violence. Associations between baseline variables and subsequent violence attenuate over longer time lags and, when paired with high levels of violence information bias, result in fewer significant effects than should be present. Moreover, the true direction of the simulated relationship of some significant effects is reversed.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the validity of conclusions from some extant research on violence among adults with mental illness should be questioned. Efforts are needed to improve both the measurement of violence, through inclusion of self‐report, and the statistical modeling of violence, using lagged rather than nonlagged models with improved spatiotemporal contiguity.}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Johnson, Kiersten L. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Tueller, Stephen J. and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2019}, month={Feb} }
 @article{zottola_desmarais_neupert_dong_laber_lowder_van dorn_2019, title={Results of the Brief Jail Mental Health Screen Across Repeated Jail Bookings}, volume={70}, ISSN={1075-2730 1557-9700}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201800377}, DOI={10.1176/appi.ps.201800377}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
The Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS) is widely used at intake in county jails to identify detainees who may have serious mental illness and who should be referred for further mental health evaluation. The BJMHS may be administered multiple times across repeated jail bookings; however, the extent to which results may change over time is unclear. To that end, the authors examined the odds of screening positive on the BJMHS across repeated jail bookings.


METHODS
Data were drawn from the administrative and medical records of a large, urban county jail that used the BJMHS at jail booking. The study sample comprised BJMHS results for the 12,531 jail detainees who were booked at least twice during the 3.5-year period (N=41,965 bookings). Multilevel logistic modeling was used to examine changes over time overall and within the four decision rules (current psychiatric medication, prior hospitalization, two or more current symptoms, and referral for any other reason).


RESULTS
Results show that the odds of a positive screen overall increased with each jail booking, as did the odds of referral for any other reason. In contrast, the odds of screening positive for two or more current symptoms and prior hospitalization decreased. There was no change in the odds of screening positive for current psychiatric medication across bookings.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings show that BJMHS results changed across bookings. Further research is needed to determine whether changes reflect true changes in mental health status, issues with fidelity, the repeated nature of the screening process, or other factors.}, number={11}, journal={Psychiatric Services}, publisher={American Psychiatric Association Publishing}, author={Zottola, Samantha A. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Neupert, Shevaun D. and Dong, Lin and Laber, Eric and Lowder, Evan M. and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={1006–1012} }
 @article{cartwright_desmarais_johnson_van dorn_2018, title={Performance and clinical utility of a short violence risk screening tool in U.S. adults with mental illness.}, volume={15}, ISSN={1939-148X 1541-1559}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000183}, DOI={10.1037/ser0000183}, abstractNote={Risk assessment instruments are typically long, costly, and resource-intensive. Thus, a short, easily administered preliminary screening tool can increase the efficiency of the subsequent violence risk assessment process. A preliminary tool can identify those at low risk of violence so that they can be screened out of the process of further violence risk assessment. Recently, Singh, Grann, Lichtenstein, Långström, and Fazel (2012) used data drawn from national registries to develop a short screening tool for a sample of Swedish adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. The screening tool included 5 items: male sex, previous criminal conviction, under 32 years of age, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse. The current study examines the predictive validity and clinical utility of the screening tool developed by Singh et al. (2012) in predicting community-based violence over 6-month and 12-month durations in U.S. adults with schizophrenia (n = 3,471) and the generalizability of those findings to the assessment of violence risk in adults with other primary diagnoses. Results demonstrated that the screening tool performed reasonably well at screening out individuals who did not commit violence during follow-up; however, the screening tool did not perform as well at identifying individuals who did commit violence during follow-up. Although those who screened positive were about twice as likely to engage in violence in the 6-month follow-up period, by the 12-month follow-up there was little difference in likelihood of engaging in violence between participants who were screened in and those who were screened out. Overall, findings of the present study do not provide compelling support for the clinical utility of the screening tool in its current form.}, number={4}, journal={Psychological Services}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Cartwright, Joel K. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Johnson, Kiersten L. and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={398–408} }
 @article{lowder_desmarais_rade_johnson_van dorn_2019, title={Reliability and Validity of START and LSI-R Assessments in Mental Health Jail Diversion Clients}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1552-3489"]}, DOI={10.1177/1073191117704505}, abstractNote={ Risk assessment instruments are increasingly used in mental health jail diversion programs. This study examined the reliability and validity of Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) and Level of Service Inventory–Revised (LSI-R) assessments overall and by client race. Research assistants completed START and LSI-R assessments for 95 diversion clients. Arrests and jail days were collected via official records and self-report 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months after baseline. Assessments demonstrated good interrater reliability and convergent validity. START strength total scores and LSI-R risk estimates were the strongest predictors of recidivism. Total scores and risk estimates did not differ as a function of client race, but there were some differences in accuracy of START vulnerability and LSI-R total scores and risk estimates in predicting jail days (but not arrests), over shorter follow-ups. No such differences were found for START strength total scores across any follow-up period or recidivism measure. }, number={7}, journal={ASSESSMENT}, author={Lowder, Evan M. and Desmarais, Sarah L. and Rade, Candalyn B. and Johnson, Kiersten L. and Van Dorn, Richard A.}, year={2019}, month={Oct}, pages={1347–1361} }