Robert L. Clark

A Competing Risk Analysis of Older Americans’ Poverty Entry and Exit Patterns in the Health and Retirement Study

Social Security Bulletin, 84(3), 11–27.

Amending ESOPs to Reduce the Risk of Wealth Losses for Benefits

Journal of Pension Benefits, 31(3), 16–21.

An analysis of benefit distributions selected by individuals covered by the PBGC: differences by sex and age

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 11, 1–25.

Financial Fragility, Financial Resilience, and Pension Distributions

The Journal of Retirement, 11(4), 8–25.

Changing labor market for older workers: short and long-term trends

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 22(4), 459–462.

Effectiveness of employer-provided financial education programs

Journal of Financial Literacy and Wellbeing, 1(1), 154–168.

Employers Can Increase Employee Knowledge of Retirement Plans and Ultimately Influence Retirement Decisions

Journal of Total Rewards, 32(4).

Quantifying and explaining the decline in public schoolteacher retirement benefits

Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 62(4), 335–358.

Tapping into Retirees to Bolster Knowledge Transfers

Journal of Total Rewards, (Quarter 1), 8–21.

Americans' financial resilience during the pandemic

FINANCIAL PLANNING REVIEW, 5(2-3).

Income trajectories in later life: Longitudinal evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 22, 100371.

Influencing the choice of pension distribution at retirement

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 23(1), 72–88.

Enhancing Fiscal Soundness Through Strengthening Fiscal Accountability

In R. Clark, Y. W. Lee, & A. Mason (Eds.), Fiscal Accountability: Sound Responses to Population Aging (pp. 1–11). Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Factors Contributing to Financial Well-Being among Black and Hispanic Women

The Journal of Retirement, 9(1), 71–97.

Financial Fragility during the COVID-19 Pandemic

AEA Papers and Proceedings, 111, 292–296.

Fiscal Accountability and Population Aging

Impact of defaults on participation in state supplemental retirement savings plans

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 21(1), 22–37.

Retirement decisions in a changing labor market

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2021, July). JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 20, pp. 337–340.

Wage Differentials in Malaysia: Public Employment, Gender, and Ethnicity*

ASIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, 20(3), 16–34.

Area-Selective Deposition: Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Outlook

[Review of ]. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 32(12), 4920–4953.

Employer Responses to an Aging Workforce

Public Policy & Aging Report, 30(3), 113–118.

Financial Well-being of State and Local Government Retirees in North Carolina

How Are Employers Responding to an Aging Workforce?

GERONTOLOGIST, 60(8), 1403–1410.

Work after retirement: worklife transitions of career public employees

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 20(3), 341–356.

Annuity pricing in public pension plans: importance of interest rates

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 20(1), 27–48.

Employer Concerns and Responses to an Aging Workforce

The Journal of Retirement, 6(4), 82–99.

Incentives and limitations of employment policies on retirement transitions

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2019, October). JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 18, pp. 495–499.

Navigating complex financial decisions at retirement: evidence from annuity choices in public sector pensions

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 18(4), 594–611.

Planning for Retirement? The Importance of Time Preferences

JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 40(2), 127–150.

Retirement and economic development: an international analysis

In P. de Jong & T. Marmor (Eds.), Social Policy and the Labour Market (pp. 117–135).

Target Date Defaults in a Public Sector Retirement Saving Plan

SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 86(3), 1133–1149.

The Work Force Is Aging: Are Companies Responding?

World at Work Journal, Fourth Quarter, 28(4), 43–54.

2 Reform of retirement programs and the future well-being of the elderly in America

In J.-Y. Kim & P.-G. Svensson (Eds.), Domain Linkages and Privatization in Social Security (pp. 217–240).

Annuity Options in Public Pension Plans: <i>The Curious Case of Social Security Leveling

The Journal of Retirement, 6(1), 33–44.

How Persistent Low Returns Will Shape Saving and Retirement

In Oxford Scholarship Online.

INFORMING RETIREMENT SAVINGS DECISIONS: A FIELD EXPERIMENT ON SUPPLEMENTAL PLANS

ECONOMIC INQUIRY, 57(1), 188–205.

Pensions in transition in the U.S. and Japan: Parallels and contrasts

In T. Marmor & P. de Jong (Eds.), Ageing, Social Security and Affordability (pp. 99–118).

Retirement and Pensions in American Economic History

In L. Cain, P. Fishback, & P. Rhode (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of American Economic History Volume 1 (pp. 355–374).

Supplemental Retirement Savings Plans in the Public Sector: Participation and Contribution Decisions by School Personnel

JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 39(4), 383–404.

Annuity Options in Public Pension Plans

In O. Mitchell, B. Hammond, & S. Utkus (Eds.), Financial Decision Making and Retirement Security in an Aging World (pp. 130–152). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Challenges facing public retirement plans INTRODUCTION

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2016, July). JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 15, pp. 249–253.

Employee financial literacy and retirement plan behavior: A case study

Economic Inquiry, 55(1), 248–259.

Extending Worklife: Employer Interests and Concerns

Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.

Lessons for public pensions from Utah's move to pension choice

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 15(3), 285–310.

Supplemental plan offerings and retirement saving choices: an analysis of North Carolina school districts

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 15(3), 333–355.

Supplemental plan offerings and retirement saving choices: an analysis of North Carolina school districts – Corrigendum

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 16(4), 585.

Financial knowledge and 401(k) investment performance: a case study

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 16(3), 324–347.

Golden Years or Financial Fears? <i>How Plans Change after Retirement Seminars

The Journal of Retirement, 3(3), 96–115.

Retiree Health Insurance and the Retirement Plans of College and University Faculty

The Journal of Retirement, 2(3), 55–66.

Retirement Transitions in Japan

Public Policy & Aging Report, 25(4), 129–131.

Health insurance and the American public sector labor market

Journal of Health Economics, 38, 62–64.

How does retiree health insurance influence public sector employee saving?

JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 38, 109–118.

The effects of retiree health insurance plan characteristics on retirees’ choice and employers’ costs

Journal of Health Economics, 38, 119–129.

Can Simple Informational Nudges Increase Employee Participation in a 401(k) Plan?

SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 80(3), 677–701.

Converting Traditional Defined Benefit Plans to Hybrid Plans:<i>A Decade of Change

The Journal of Retirement, 1(2), 101–112.

Defined benefit pension plan distribution decisions by public sector employees

Journal of Public Economics, 116, 73–88.

Low fertility, human capital, and economic growth: The importance of financial education and job retraining

Demographic Research, 29, 865–884.

The Predictable Surprise: The Unraveling of the U.S. Retirement System

Clark, R. (2013, January). JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 12, pp. 138–139.

Adopting Hybrid Pension Plans: Effects of Economic Crisis and Regulatory Reform

Effectiveness of Employer-Provided Financial Information: Hiring to Retiring

AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, 102(3), 314–318.

Evolution of Public-Sector Retirement Plans: Crisis, Challenges, and Change

ABA Journal of Labor & Employment Law, 27, 257–274.

Financial Literacy and Retirement Decisions: The Choices Facing Older Workers

In P. Snyder & M. Barth (Eds.), Tapping Mature Talent: Policies for a 21st Century Workforce (pp. 42–55). CAEL.

State and Local Pensions in the United States

In N. Takayama (Ed.), Reforming Pensions for Civil and Military Servants (pp. 167–182). Tokyo: Maruzen Publishing.

Adopting Automatic Enrollment in the Public Sector: A Case Study

Government Finance Review, 42–48.

Pension Plan Distributions: The Importance of Financial Literacy

State Pension Plans Step Up Efforts to Adapt to 21st Century Financial Pressures

Clark, R., & Craig, L. (2011, August 8). Bureau of National Affairs, Pension and Benefits Daily.

State and Local Retirement Plans in the United States

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY IN DETERMINING RETIREMENT PLANS

ECONOMIC INQUIRY, 50(4), 851–866.

The economics of state and local pensions

Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 10(2), 161–172.

The funding status of retiree health plans in the public sector

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 10(2), 291–314.

Determinants of the generosity of pension plans for public school teachers, 1982-2006

JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 10(1), 99–118.

Employer‐Provided Retirement Planning Programs

Pension policy: The search for better solutions

[Review of ]. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 64(1), 205–206.

RETIREE HEALTH PLANS FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS AFTER GASB 43 AND 45

EDUCATION FINANCE AND POLICY, 5(4), 438–462.

Reorienting Retirement Risk Management

Retiree Health Insurance and Disengagement from a Career Job

JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 31(3), 247–262.

Retiree Health Plans for Public School Teachers

The Evolution of Retirement Risk Management

Adjusting Retirement Goals and Saving Behavior

In A. Lusardi (Ed.), Overcoming the Saving Slump (pp. 237–256).

Chapter 14 The Evolution of Public Sector Pension Plans in the United States

In G. Anderson & O. Mitchell (Eds.), The Future of Public Employee Retirement Systems (pp. 239–270).

How Will the Stock Market Crash Affect the Choice of Pension Plans?

NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL, 62(3), 477–496.

Population Decline, Labor Force Stability, and the Future of the Japanese Economy

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE, 26(2), 207–227.

Strategic HR Management with an Aging Workforce: Using Demographic Models to Determine Optimal Employment Policies

POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW, 29(1), 65–80.

The Emergence of Phased Retirement: Economic Implications and Policy Concerns

In M. Abbott, C. Beach, R. Boadway, & J. MacKinnon (Eds.), Retirement Policy Issues in Canada (pp. 237–252). Kingston, Canada: John Deutsch Institute and McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Will Public Sector Retiree Health Benefit Plans Survive? Economic and Policy Implications of Unfunded Liabilities

Clark, R. L. (2009, May). AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 99, pp. 533–537.

Mandatory retirement and faculty retirement decisions

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, 47(1), 153–163.

Older workers and national productivity in Japan

Population and Development Review, 34, 257–274.

A History of Employer Pension Plans

Financial History, 30–34.

Aging gracefully: Ideas to improve retirement security in America.

[Review of ]. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 60(4), 590–592.

Analysis of Employment Patterns and the Changing Demographic Structure of Japan

Japanese Economy, 34(1), 82–153.

Economic and Policy Implications of Population Aging

Japan’s Changing Demographic Structure and Its Employment Status Patterns

Tokyo: Nihon University Population Research Institute.

Population Aging, Changing Retirement Policies and Lifetime Earnings Profiles in Japan

In R. Clark, N. Ogawa, & A. Mason (Eds.), Population Aging, Intergenerational Transfers and the Macroeconomy.

Population Aging, Intergenerational Transfers and the Macroeconomy

Employer-Provided Retiree Health Insurance: A Dying Employee Benefit

Clark, R. (2006, November). Change, 15.

Health and Retirement Benefits

In G. Bataille & B. Brown (Eds.), Faculty Career Paths: Multiple Routes to Academic Success and Satisfaction (pp. 122–125). Praeger Publishers.

Immigration Trends, Changes in Retirement Ages, and the Future of Social Security

In H. Emanuel (Ed.), Ageing and the Labour Market: Issues and Solutions (pp. 139–150). Antwerpen: Intersentia.

North Carolina’s Commitment to Higher Education: Access and Affordability

In R. Ehrenberg (Ed.), What’s Happening to Public Higher Education (pp. 183–205). Greenwood Press.

Pension plan choice among University faculty

SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 72(3), 560–577.

Retirement plans and saving decisions: the role of information and education

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 5(1), 45–67.

The new balancing act in the business of higher education

Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: E. Elgar.

Walking the Financial Tightrope: Balancing Costs and Revenues with Commitment to Mission

Changing faculty demographics and the need for new policies

Chapter 1 The Changing Retirement Paradigm

In R. Clark & O. S. Mitchell (Eds.), Reinventing the Retirement Paradigm (pp. 3–13).

Developing new employment and compensation policies in higher education

Effects of Pensions on Labor Markets and Retirement

In W. Gale, M. Warshawsky, & J. Shoven (Eds.), The Evolving Pension System: Trends, Effects, and Proposals for Reform (pp. 77–102). Washington: The Brookings Institution Press.

Managing a phased retirement program: The case of UNC

New Directions for Higher Education, 2005(132), 47–60.

Measuring the Financial Status of the U.S. Social Security System

In N. Takayama (Ed.), The Balance Sheet of Social Security Pensions (pp. 54–61). Tokyo: Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.

Phased Retirement Programs: Administrative Objectives, Faculty Preferences, and Changes in Retirement Behavior

In D. Leslie & V. M. Conley (Eds.), New Ways to Phase into Retirement: Options for Faculty and Institutions (pp. 47–60). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Recruitment, retention and retirement in higher education: Building and managing the faculty of the future

Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub.

Recruitment, retention, and retirement: Compensation and employment policies for higher education

EDUCATIONAL GERONTOLOGY, 31(5), 385–403.

Reinventing the retirement paradigm

Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

The Approach and Choice in the U.S

In A. Seike & T. Fukawa (Eds.), Pension Reforms in Five Developed Countries and Their Implications for Japan (pp. 173–190). Tokyo: Maruzen Planet.

Adopting cash balance pension plans: implications and issues

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 3(3), 271–295.

An Empirical Analysis of the Transition to Hybrid Pension Plans in the United States

In W. Gale, J. Shoven, & M. Warshawsky (Eds.), Private Pensions and Public Policies (pp. 11–42). Washington: The Brookings Institution.

Effects of Pension Nondiscrimination Rules on Private Sector Pension Participation

In W. Gale, J. Shoven, & M. Warshawsky (Eds.), Private Pensions and Public Policies (pp. 259–279). Washington: The Brookings Institution.

India Working: Essays on Society and Economy

[Review of India WorkingL Essays on Society and Economy, by B. Harris-White]. Journal of Asian Economics, 15(2), 441–442.

Liabilities, debts, revenues, and expenditures: Accounting for the actuarial balance of Social Security

Harvard Journal on Legislation, 41(1), 161–171.

Phasing into retirement

Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 58(1), 112–127.

Recruitment, Retention, and Retirement: Compensation and Employment Practices for Higher Education

Research Dialogue.

Sex Differences, Financial Education, and Retirement Goals

Social security financing: Facts, fantasies, foibles, and follies

Clark, R. L. (2004, May). AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 94, pp. 182–186.

Strengthening employment-based pensions

The Economics of an Aging Society

Oxford UK: Blackwell Publishers.

A history of public sector pensions in the United States

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Cross-national Analysis of Women in the Labour Market

In B. Garcia, R. Anker, & A. Pinnelli (Eds.), Women in the Labour Market in Changing Economies: Demographic Issues (pp. 13–34).

Ignorance is Not Bliss

Research Dialogue.

Reforming Social Security: Distributional, Equity, and Economic Considerations

Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy, 83–94.

Social Security Reform in the United States: Implications for Japan

Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy, 2(1), 14–23.

Technical Panel on Assumptions and Methods

Washington: Technical Panel on Assumptions and Methods to the Social Security Advisory Board.

Aging Populations and Income Security: The Challenges in East Asia

In M. Asher, D. Newman, & T. Snyder (Eds.), Public Policy in Asia (pp. 61–80). Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

Financial Education and Retirement Savings

Retirement Implications of Demographic Family Change Symposium. Society of Actuaries.

Patterns of work and retirement for a new century

Generations (San Francisco, Calif.), 26(2), 17–24.

Retirement, Early Retirement Incentives

In D. Ekerdt (Ed.), The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Aging. New York: Macmillan Reference USA.

Strengthening Employment-Based Pensions in Japan

Benefits Quarterly, (Second Quarter), 22–43.

Taking the Subsidy Out of Early Retirement: Converting to Hybrid Pensions

In O. Mitchell, Z. Bodie, B. Hammond, & S. Zeldes (Eds.), Innovations in Retirement Financing (pp. 149–174). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

2. Faculty Retirement at Three North Carolina Universities

In R. Clark & B. Hammond (Eds.), To Retire or Not? (pp. 21–38).