Robert Clark

Clark, R., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. (2024). A Competing Risk Analysis of Older Americans’ Poverty Entry and Exit Patterns in the Health and Retirement Study. Social Security Bulletin, 84(3), 11–27.

Ritter, B., & Clark, R. (2024). Amending ESOPs to Reduce the Risk of Wealth Losses for Benefits. Journal of Pension Benefits, 31(3), 16–21.

Clark, R. L., Pelletier, D., & Ritter, B. M. (2024). An analysis of benefit distributions selected by individuals covered by the PBGC: differences by sex and age. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 11, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747224000118

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2024). Financial Fragility, Financial Resilience, and Pension Distributions. The Journal of Retirement, 11(4), 8–25. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2024.1.153

Clark, R. L., Milligan, K., & Newhouse, J. P. (2023). Changing labor market for older workers: short and long-term trends. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 22(4), 459–462. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747223000094

Clark, R. L. (2023). Effectiveness of employer-provided financial education programs. Journal of Financial Literacy and Wellbeing, 1(1), 154–168. https://doi.org/10.1017/flw.2023.1

Clark, R., & Ritter, B. (2023). Employers Can Increase Employee Knowledge of Retirement Plans and Ultimately Influence Retirement Decisions. Journal of Total Rewards, 32(4).

Abashidze, N., Clark, R. L., & Craig, L. A. (2023). Quantifying and explaining the decline in public schoolteacher retirement benefits. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 62(4), 335–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12329

Ritter, B., & Clark, R. (2023). Tapping into Retirees to Bolster Knowledge Transfers. Journal of Total Rewards, (Quarter 1), 8–21.

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2022). Americans' financial resilience during the pandemic. FINANCIAL PLANNING REVIEW, 5(2-3). https://doi.org/10.1002/cfp2.1140

Mitchell, O. S., Clark, R. L., & Lusardi, A. (2022). Income trajectories in later life: Longitudinal evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 22, 100371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100371

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2024). Influencing the choice of pension distribution at retirement. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 23(1), 72–88. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747222000130

Clark, R. (2021). Enhancing Fiscal Soundness Through Strengthening Fiscal Accountability. In R. Clark, Y. W. Lee, & A. Mason (Eds.), Fiscal Accountability: Sound Responses to Population Aging (pp. 1–11). Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Clark, R., Lusardi, A., Mitchell, O. S., & Davis, H. (2021). Factors Contributing to Financial Well-Being among Black and Hispanic Women. The Journal of Retirement, 9(1), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2021.1.088

Clark, R. L., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2021). Financial Fragility during the COVID-19 Pandemic. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 111, 292–296. https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211000

Clark, R., Lee, Y. W., & Mason, A. (2021). Fiscal Accountability and Population Aging. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800370470

Clark, R. L., & Pelletier, D. (2022). Impact of defaults on participation in state supplemental retirement savings plans. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 21(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747220000347

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2021, July). Retirement decisions in a changing labor market. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 20, pp. 337–340. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747221000056

Clark, R. L., Ogawa, N., Mansor, N., Abe, S., & Mahidin, M. U. (2021). Wage Differentials in Malaysia: Public Employment, Gender, and Ethnicity*. ASIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, 20(3), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00840

Parsons, G. N., & Clark, R. D. (2020). [Review of Area-Selective Deposition: Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Outlook]. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 32(12), 4920–4953. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00722

Clark, R. L., & Ritter, B. M. (2020). Employer Responses to an Aging Workforce. Public Policy & Aging Report, 30(3), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/praa011

Clark, R. L., & Liu, S. (2020). Financial Well-being of State and Local Government Retirees in North Carolina. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198867524.003.0010

Clark, R. L., & Ritter, B. M. (2020). How Are Employers Responding to an Aging Workforce? GERONTOLOGIST, 60(8), 1403–1410. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031

Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., & Liu, S. (2021). Work after retirement: worklife transitions of career public employees. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 20(3), 341–356. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747219000428

Abashidze, N., Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., Ritter, B. M., & Vanderweide, D. (2021). Annuity pricing in public pension plans: importance of interest rates. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 20(1), 27–48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747219000271

Clark, R. L., Nyce, S., Ritter, B., & Shoven, J. (2019). Employer Concerns and Responses to an Aging Workforce. The Journal of Retirement, 6(4), 82–99. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2019.1.049

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2019, October). Incentives and limitations of employment policies on retirement transitions. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 18, pp. 495–499. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747219000039

Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., & Vanderweide, D. (2019). Navigating complex financial decisions at retirement: evidence from annuity choices in public sector pensions. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 18(4), 594–611. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747218000410

Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., & Khalaf, C. (2019). Planning for Retirement? The Importance of Time Preferences. JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 40(2), 127–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-019-09287-y

Clark, R. L., Elizabeth, A. Y., & Richard, A. (2019). Retirement and economic development: an international analysis. In P. de Jong & T. Marmor (Eds.), Social Policy and the Labour Market (pp. 117–135). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439193-6

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2020). Target Date Defaults in a Public Sector Retirement Saving Plan. SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 86(3), 1133–1149. https://doi.org/10.1002/soej.12415

Clark, R., & Ritter, B. (2019). The Work Force Is Aging: Are Companies Responding? World at Work Journal, Fourth Quarter, 28(4), 43–54.

Clark, R., & Quinn, J. (2018). 2 Reform of retirement programs and the future well-being of the elderly in America. In J.-Y. Kim & P.-G. Svensson (Eds.), Domain Linkages and Privatization in Social Security (pp. 217–240). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315193045-17

Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., Morrill, M. S., & Vanderweide, D. (2018). Annuity Options in Public Pension Plans: <i>The Curious Case of Social Security Leveling. The Journal of Retirement, 6(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2018.6.1.033

Clark, R., Maurer, R., & Mitchell, O. S. (2018). How Persistent Low Returns Will Shape Saving and Retirement. In Oxford Scholarship Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827443.003.0001

Clark, R. L., Hammond, R. G., Morrill, M. S., & Khalaf, C. (2019). INFORMING RETIREMENT SAVINGS DECISIONS: A FIELD EXPERIMENT ON SUPPLEMENTAL PLANS. ECONOMIC INQUIRY, 57(1), 188–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12731

Clark, R. L. (2018). Pensions in transition in the U.S. and Japan: Parallels and contrasts. In T. Marmor & P. de Jong (Eds.), Ageing, Social Security and Affordability (pp. 99–118). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429463389-5

Clark, R. L., & Craig, L. A. (2018). Retirement and Pensions in American Economic History. In L. Cain, P. Fishback, & P. Rhode (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of American Economic History Volume 1 (pp. 355–374). https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190882617.013.3

Clark, R. L., Pathak, A., & Pelletier, D. (2018). Supplemental Retirement Savings Plans in the Public Sector: Participation and Contribution Decisions by School Personnel. JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 39(4), 383–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-018-9270-2

Clark, R., & Cowell, J. (2017). Annuity Options in Public Pension Plans. In O. Mitchell, B. Hammond, & S. Utkus (Eds.), Financial Decision Making and Retirement Security in an Aging World (pp. 130–152). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Clark, R. L., & Newhouse, J. P. (2016, July). Challenges facing public retirement plans INTRODUCTION. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 15, pp. 249–253. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747215000499

Clark, R., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). Employee financial literacy and retirement plan behavior: A case study. Economic Inquiry, 55(1), 248–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12389

Clark, R., & Morrill, M. (2016). Extending Worklife: Employer Interests and Concerns. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.

Clark, R. L., Hanson, E., & Mitchell, O. S. (2016). Lessons for public pensions from Utah's move to pension choice. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 15(3), 285–310. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747215000426

Clark, R. L., Hanson, E., Morrill, M. S., & Pathak, A. (2016). Supplemental plan offerings and retirement saving choices: an analysis of North Carolina school districts. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 15(3), 333–355. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747215000414

Clark, R. L., Hanson, E., Morrill, M. S., & Pathak, A. (2017). Supplemental plan offerings and retirement saving choices: an analysis of North Carolina school districts – Corrigendum. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 16(4), 585. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747216000111

Clark, R., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). Financial knowledge and 401(k) investment performance: a case study. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 16(3), 324–347. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747215000384

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., Maki, J., & Morrill, M. S. (2016). Golden Years or Financial Fears? <i>How Plans Change after Retirement Seminars. The Journal of Retirement, 3(3), 96–115. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2016.3.3.096

Clark, R. L. (2015). Retiree Health Insurance and the Retirement Plans of College and University Faculty. The Journal of Retirement, 2(3), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2015.2.3.055

Clark, R. L., Matsukura, R., Ogawa, N., & Shimizutani, S. (2015). Retirement Transitions in Japan. Public Policy & Aging Report, 25(4), 129–131. https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prv026

Clark, R. L., Newhouse, J. P., & Cutler, D. M. (2014). Health insurance and the American public sector labor market. Journal of Health Economics, 38, 62–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHEALECO.2014.08.004

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). How does retiree health insurance influence public sector employee saving? JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 38, 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.03.014

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Vanderweide, D. (2014). The effects of retiree health insurance plan characteristics on retirees’ choice and employers’ costs. Journal of Health Economics, 38, 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.02.007

Clark, R. L., Maki, J. A., & Morrill, M. S. (2014). Can Simple Informational Nudges Increase Employee Participation in a 401(k) Plan? SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 80(3), 677–701. https://doi.org/10.4284/0038-4038-2012.199

Clark, R. L., Glickstein, A., & Hill, T. (2013). Converting Traditional Defined Benefit Plans to Hybrid Plans:<i>A Decade of Change. The Journal of Retirement, 1(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.3905/jor.2013.1.2.101

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Vanderweide, D. (2014). Defined benefit pension plan distribution decisions by public sector employees. Journal of Public Economics, 116, 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.05.005

Clark, R., Matsukura, R., & Ogawa, N. (2013). Low fertility, human capital, and economic growth: The importance of financial education and job retraining. Demographic Research, 29, 865–884. https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2013.29.32

Clark, R. (2013, January). The Predictable Surprise: The Unraveling of the U.S. Retirement System. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, Vol. 12, pp. 138–139. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747212000236

Clark, R. L., Glickstein, A., & Hill, T. (2012). Adopting Hybrid Pension Plans: Effects of Economic Crisis and Regulatory Reform. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199660698.003.0011

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Allen, S. G. (2012). Effectiveness of Employer-Provided Financial Information: Hiring to Retiring. AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, 102(3), 314–318. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.314

Clark, R. (2012). Evolution of Public-Sector Retirement Plans: Crisis, Challenges, and Change. ABA Journal of Labor & Employment Law, 27, 257–274.

Clark, R. (2012). Financial Literacy and Retirement Decisions: The Choices Facing Older Workers. In P. Snyder & M. Barth (Eds.), Tapping Mature Talent: Policies for a 21st Century Workforce (pp. 42–55). CAEL.

Clark, R. (2012). State and Local Pensions in the United States. In N. Takayama (Ed.), Reforming Pensions for Civil and Military Servants (pp. 167–182). Tokyo: Maruzen Publishing.

Clark, R., & Franzel, J. (2011). Adopting Automatic Enrollment in the Public Sector: A Case Study. Government Finance Review, 42–48.

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Allen, S. G. (2011). Pension Plan Distributions: The Importance of Financial Literacy. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696819.003.0003

Clark, R., & Craig, L. (2011, August 8). State Pension Plans Step Up Efforts to Adapt to 21st Century Financial Pressures. Bureau of National Affairs, Pension and Benefits Daily.

Clark, R. L., Craig, L. A., & Sabelhaus, J. (2011). State and Local Retirement Plans in the United States. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857930590

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Allen, S. G. (2012). THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY IN DETERMINING RETIREMENT PLANS. ECONOMIC INQUIRY, 50(4), 851–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2011.00390.x

Brown, J. R., Clark, R., & Rauh, J. (2011). The economics of state and local pensions. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 10(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747211000138

Clark, R. L., & Morrill, M. S. (2011). The funding status of retiree health plans in the public sector. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 10(2), 291–314. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747211000059

Clark, R. L., & Craig, L. A. (2011). Determinants of the generosity of pension plans for public school teachers, 1982-2006. JOURNAL OF PENSION ECONOMICS & FINANCE, 10(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474747210000028

Clark, R. L., Morrill, M. S., & Allen, S. G. (2010). Employer‐Provided Retirement Planning Programs. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592609.003.0003

Clark, R. L. (2010). [Review of Pension policy: The search for better solutions]. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 64(1), 205–206.

Clark, R. L. (2010). RETIREE HEALTH PLANS FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS AFTER GASB 43 AND 45. EDUCATION FINANCE AND POLICY, 5(4), 438–462. https://doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00009

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (Eds.). (2010). Reorienting Retirement Risk Management. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592609.001.0001

Robinson, C., & Clark, R. (2010). Retiree Health Insurance and Disengagement from a Career Job. JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH, 31(3), 247–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-010-9091-4

Clark, R. L., & Morrill, M. S. (2010). Retiree Health Plans for Public School Teachers. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849808132.00013

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2010). The Evolution of Retirement Risk Management. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592609.003.0001

Clark, R. L., & Ambrosio, M. (2009). Adjusting Retirement Goals and Saving Behavior. In A. Lusardi (Ed.), Overcoming the Saving Slump (pp. 237–256). https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226497105.003.0009

Clark, R. L., Craig, L. A., & Ahmed, N. (2009). Chapter 14 The Evolution of Public Sector Pension Plans in the United States. In G. Anderson & O. Mitchell (Eds.), The Future of Public Employee Retirement Systems (pp. 239–270). https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573349.003.0014

Clark, R. L., & Sabelhaus, J. (2009). How Will the Stock Market Crash Affect the Choice of Pension Plans? NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL, 62(3), 477–496. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2009.3.08

Clark, R. L., Ogawa, N., Kondo, M., & Matsukura, R. (2010). Population Decline, Labor Force Stability, and the Future of the Japanese Economy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE, 26(2), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-009-9179-9

Clark, R. L., & Ghent, L. S. (2010). Strategic HR Management with an Aging Workforce: Using Demographic Models to Determine Optimal Employment Policies. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW, 29(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-009-9143-8

Clark, R. (2009). The Emergence of Phased Retirement: Economic Implications and Policy Concerns. In M. Abbott, C. Beach, R. Boadway, & J. MacKinnon (Eds.), Retirement Policy Issues in Canada (pp. 237–252). Kingston, Canada: John Deutsch Institute and McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Clark, R. L. (2009, May). Will Public Sector Retiree Health Benefit Plans Survive? Economic and Policy Implications of Unfunded Liabilities. AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 99, pp. 533–537. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.2.533

Clark, R. L., & Ghent, L. S. (2008). Mandatory retirement and faculty retirement decisions. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, 47(1), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.2008.00510.x

Clark, R. L., Ogawa, N., Lee, S. H., & Matsukura, R. (2008). Older workers and national productivity in Japan. Population and Development Review, 34, 257–274.

Clark, R., & Craig, L. (2007). A History of Employer Pension Plans. Financial History, 30–34.

Clark, R. L. (2007). [Review of Aging gracefully: Ideas to improve retirement security in America.]. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 60(4), 590–592.

Matsukura, R., Ogawa, N., & Clark, R. L. (2007). Analysis of Employment Patterns and the Changing Demographic Structure of Japan. Japanese Economy, 34(1), 82–153. https://doi.org/10.2753/jes1097-203x340103

Clark, R., Mason, A., & Ogawa, N. (2007). Economic and Policy Implications of Population Aging. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847208583.00007

Matsukura, R., Ogawa, N., Clark, R., Nemoto, K., & Akaike, K. (2007). Japan’s Changing Demographic Structure and Its Employment Status Patterns. Tokyo: Nihon University Population Research Institute.

Clark, R., Ogawa, N., & Matsukura, R. (2007). Population Aging, Changing Retirement Policies and Lifetime Earnings Profiles in Japan. In R. Clark, N. Ogawa, & A. Mason (Eds.), Population Aging, Intergenerational Transfers and the Macroeconomy. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847208583.00009

Clark, R. L., Ogawa, N., & Mason, A. (Eds.). (2007). Population Aging, Intergenerational Transfers and the Macroeconomy. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847208583

Clark, R. (2006, November). Employer-Provided Retiree Health Insurance: A Dying Employee Benefit. Change, 15.

Clark, R. (2006). Health and Retirement Benefits. In G. Bataille & B. Brown (Eds.), Faculty Career Paths: Multiple Routes to Academic Success and Satisfaction (pp. 122–125). Praeger Publishers.

Clark, R. (2006). Immigration Trends, Changes in Retirement Ages, and the Future of Social Security. In H. Emanuel (Ed.), Ageing and the Labour Market: Issues and Solutions (pp. 139–150). Antwerpen: Intersentia.

Brown, B., & Clark, R. (2006). North Carolina’s Commitment to Higher Education: Access and Affordability. In R. Ehrenberg (Ed.), What’s Happening to Public Higher Education (pp. 183–205). Greenwood Press.

Clark, R. L., Ghent, L. S., & McDermed, A. A. (2006). Pension plan choice among University faculty. SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 72(3), 560–577. https://doi.org/10.2307/20111833

Clark, R. L., d'Ambrosio, M. B., McDermed, A. A., & Sawant, K. (2006). Retirement plans and saving decisions: the role of information and education. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 5(1), 45–67. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747205002271

The new balancing act in the business of higher education. (2006). Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: E. Elgar.

Clark, R. L., & d’Ambrosio, M. B. (2006). Walking the Financial Tightrope: Balancing Costs and Revenues with Commitment to Mission. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847202871.00007

Clark, R. L. (2005). Changing faculty demographics and the need for new policies. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781845425548.00008

Clark, R., & Mitchell, O. (2005). Chapter 1 The Changing Retirement Paradigm. In R. Clark & O. S. Mitchell (Eds.), Reinventing the Retirement Paradigm (pp. 3–13). https://doi.org/10.1093/0199284601.003.0001

Clark, R. L., & d'Ambrosio, M. B. (2005). Developing new employment and compensation policies in higher education. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781845425548.00022

Clark, R., & Quinn, J. (2005). Effects of Pensions on Labor Markets and Retirement. In W. Gale, M. Warshawsky, & J. Shoven (Eds.), The Evolving Pension System: Trends, Effects, and Proposals for Reform (pp. 77–102). Washington: The Brookings Institution Press.

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., & Ghent, L. S. (2005). Managing a phased retirement program: The case of UNC. New Directions for Higher Education, 2005(132), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.196

Clark, R. (2005). Measuring the Financial Status of the U.S. Social Security System. In N. Takayama (Ed.), The Balance Sheet of Social Security Pensions (pp. 54–61). Tokyo: Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.

Allen, S., Clark, R., & Ghent, L. (2005). Phased Retirement Programs: Administrative Objectives, Faculty Preferences, and Changes in Retirement Behavior. In D. Leslie & V. M. Conley (Eds.), New Ways to Phase into Retirement: Options for Faculty and Institutions (pp. 47–60). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Recruitment, retention and retirement in higher education: Building and managing the faculty of the future. (2005). Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub.

Clark, R. L., & d'Ambrosio, M. B. (2005). Recruitment, retention, and retirement: Compensation and employment policies for higher education. EDUCATIONAL GERONTOLOGY, 31(5), 385–403. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270590921663

Reinventing the retirement paradigm. (2005). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

Clark, R. (2005). The Approach and Choice in the U.S. In A. Seike & T. Fukawa (Eds.), Pension Reforms in Five Developed Countries and Their Implications for Japan (pp. 173–190). Tokyo: Maruzen Planet.

Clark, R. L., & Schieber, S. J. (2004). Adopting cash balance pension plans: implications and issues. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 3(3), 271–295. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747204001738

Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (2004). An Empirical Analysis of the Transition to Hybrid Pension Plans in the United States. In W. Gale, J. Shoven, & M. Warshawsky (Eds.), Private Pensions and Public Policies (pp. 11–42). Washington: The Brookings Institution.

Clark, R., Mulvey, J., & Schieber, S. (2004). Effects of Pension Nondiscrimination Rules on Private Sector Pension Participation. In W. Gale, J. Shoven, & M. Warshawsky (Eds.), Private Pensions and Public Policies (pp. 259–279). Washington: The Brookings Institution.

Clark, R. (2004). India Working: Essays on Society and Economy [Review of India WorkingL Essays on Society and Economy, by B. Harris-White]. Journal of Asian Economics, 15(2), 441–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2004.03.002

Clark, R. L. (2004). Liabilities, debts, revenues, and expenditures: Accounting for the actuarial balance of Social Security. Harvard Journal on Legislation, 41(1), 161–171.

Allen, S., Clark, R. L., & Ghent, L. S. (2004). Phasing into retirement. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 58(1), 112–127. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979390405800106

Clark, R., & d’Ambrosio, M. (2004). Recruitment, Retention, and Retirement: Compensation and Employment Practices for Higher Education. Research Dialogue.

Clark, R. L., d'Ambrosio, M. B., McDermed, A. A., & Sawant, K. (2004). Sex Differences, Financial Education, and Retirement Goals. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199273391.003.0010

Clark, R. L. (2004, May). Social security financing: Facts, fantasies, foibles, and follies. AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 94, pp. 182–186. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828041301678

Clark, R. L., & Mitchell, O. S. (2004). Strengthening employment-based pensions. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781845420758.00012

Clark, R., Burkhauser, R., Moon, M., Quinn, J., & Smeeding, T. (2004). The Economics of an Aging Society. Oxford UK: Blackwell Publishers.

Clark, R. L., Craig, L. A., & Wilson, J. W. (2003). A history of public sector pensions in the United States. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. L., york, A., & Anker, R. (2003). Cross-national Analysis of Women in the Labour Market. In B. Garcia, R. Anker, & A. Pinnelli (Eds.), Women in the Labour Market in Changing Economies: Demographic Issues (pp. 13–34). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199261123.003.0002

Clark, R., & d’Ambrosio, M. (2003). Ignorance is Not Bliss. Research Dialogue.

Clark, R. (2003). Reforming Social Security: Distributional, Equity, and Economic Considerations. Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy, 83–94.

Clark, R. (2003). Social Security Reform in the United States: Implications for Japan. Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy, 2(1), 14–23.

Clark, R. (2003). Technical Panel on Assumptions and Methods. Washington: Technical Panel on Assumptions and Methods to the Social Security Advisory Board.

Clark, R. (2002). Aging Populations and Income Security: The Challenges in East Asia. In M. Asher, D. Newman, & T. Snyder (Eds.), Public Policy in Asia (pp. 61–80). Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

Clark, R., & d’Ambrosio, M. (2002). Financial Education and Retirement Savings. Retirement Implications of Demographic Family Change Symposium. Society of Actuaries.

Clark, R. L., & Quinn, J. F. (2002). Patterns of work and retirement for a new century. Generations (San Francisco, Calif.), 26(2), 17–24.

Clark, R. (2002). Retirement, Early Retirement Incentives. In D. Ekerdt (Ed.), The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Aging. New York: Macmillan Reference USA.

Clark, R., & Mitchell, O. (2002). Strengthening Employment-Based Pensions in Japan. Benefits Quarterly, (Second Quarter), 22–43.

Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (2002). Taking the Subsidy Out of Early Retirement: Converting to Hybrid Pensions. In O. Mitchell, Z. Bodie, B. Hammond, & S. Zeldes (Eds.), Innovations in Retirement Financing (pp. 149–174). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. L., Ghent, L. S., & Kreps, J. (2001). 2. Faculty Retirement at Three North Carolina Universities. In R. Clark & B. Hammond (Eds.), To Retire or Not? (pp. 21–38). https://doi.org/10.9783/9781512821635-003

Clark, R., & Hammond, B. (2001). Academic Retirement Policy in the Twenty-First Century: Opportunities and Challenges. The Department Chair, 11(4), 14–16.

Clark, R., Haley, J., & Schieber, S. (2001). Adopting Hybrid Pension Plans: Financial and Communication Issues. Benefits Quarterly, First Quarter, (First Quarter), 7–17.

Clark, R. L., & York, A. (2001). Economic Status of Older German Immigrants. Vierteljahrshefte Zur Wirtschaftsforschung, 70(1), 166–171. https://doi.org/10.3790/vjh.70.1.166

Clark, R. (2001). Economics. In G. Maddox (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Aging (pp. 319–321). New York: Springer Publishing Company.

Clark, R. L., & Munzenmaier, F. W. (2001). Impact of Replacing a Defined Benefit Pension with a Defined Contribution Plan or a Cash Balance Plan. North American Actuarial Journal, 5(1), 32–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2001.10595952

Clark, R. (2001, November). Keep Senior Faculty or Urge Them to Retire? Trusteeship, 34–35.

Clark, R. (2001). Pensions. In G. Maddox (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Aging (pp. 791–793). New York: Springer Publishing Company.

Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (2001). The Emergence of Hybrid Pensions and Their Implications for Retirement Income Security in the 21st Century. In Cash Balance Plans Symposium, Society of Actuaries.

Clark, R., Craig, L., & Wilson, J. (2001). The Life and Times of a Public-Sector Pension Plan Before Social Security: The U.S. Navy Pension Plan in the Nineteenth Century. In O. Mitchell & E. Hustead (Eds.), Pensions in the Public Sector (pp. 241–266). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Ghent, L. S., Allen, S. G., & Clark, R. L. (2001). The impact of a new phased retirement option on faculty retirement decisions. RESEARCH ON AGING, 23(6), 671–693. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027501236003

Clark, R. L., & Hammond, P. B. (2001). To retire or not?: Retirement policy and practice in higher education. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R., & Hammond, B. (2000, June 2). As Professors Age, Retirement Policies Need Rejuvenation. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 7–8.

Clark, R. L., & York, A. (2000). Discussion: Income Security of Elderly Migrants in Germany. Journal of Contextual Economics – Schmollers Jahrbuch, 120(2), 275–289. https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.120.2.275

Allen, S., Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (2000). Has Job Security Vanished in Large Corporations? In D. Neumark (Ed.), On the Job: Is Long-Term Employment a Thing of the Past (pp. 196–223). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Clark, R., & Hammond, B. (2000). Life After the End of Mandatory Retirement. In R. Clark & B. Hammond (Eds.), To Retire Or Not? Faculty Retirement Policy in Higher Education (pp. 1–20). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R., Goodfellow, G., Schieber, S., & Warwick, D. (2000). Making the Most of 401(k) Plans: Who's Choosing What and Why. In O. Mitchell, B. Hammond, & A. Rappaport (Eds.), Forecasting Retirement Needs and Retirement Wealth (pp. 95–138). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. L. (2000). [Review of Pension plans and employee performance: Evidence, analysis, and policy.]. Journal of Economic Literature, 38(1), 148–149.

Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (2000). The Shifting Sands of Retirement Plans. WorldatWork Journal, 9(4), 6–14.

Clark, R. L., York, E. A., & Anker, R. (1999). Economic development and labor force participation of older persons. Population Research and Policy Review, 18(5), 411–432.

Clark, R. L., & Pitts, M. M. (1999). Faculty choice of a pension plan: Defined benefit versus defined contribution. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, 38(1), 18–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/0019-8676.00108

Clark, R., Craig, L., & Wilson, J. (1999). Managing a Pension Portfolio in the Nineteenth Century: The U.S. Navy Pension Fund. Business and Economic History, 28(2), 94–104.

Clark, R., Craig, L., & Wilson, J. (1999). Privatization of Public-Sector Pensions: The U.S. Navy Pension Fund, 1800-1842. Independent Review, 3(4), 549–564.

Clark, R., & Schieber, S. (1998). Factors Affecting Participation Rates and Contribution Levels in 401(k) Plans. In O. Mitchell (Ed.), Living with Defined Contribution Plans (pp. 69–97). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. (1998). Income and Health Assistance for the Elderly in Developed Countries. In J. Calleja (Ed.), Malta Ageing Forum: 1997, Malta: International Institute on Ageing (pp. 51–54). Malta: International Institute on Ageing.

Clark, R. L. (1998). Retirement policy for an aging society. American Sociologist (Albany, N.Y.), 29(1998).

Burkhauser, R. V., Clark, R., & Suzman, R. (1998). Symposium on work, retirement and wealth: Current data and future needs: an international perspective. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Vol. 17, pp. 11–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.1998.tb00847.x

Clark, R., & Hammond, B. (1998). To Retire or Not? Examining Life after the End of Mandatory Retirement in Higher Education. TIAA-CREF Research Dialogues, (58).

Clark, R., & York, A. (1997). Economic Development and Labor Market Activity of Older Persons. In J. Calleja (Ed.), Eliminating Poverty in Old Age (pp. 174–195). Malta: International Institute on Ageing.

Clark, R., Harper, L., & Pitts, M. (1997). Pension Choices Facing University Faculty. TIAA-CREF Research Dialogues.

Clark, R., & Wolper, E. (1997). Pension Tax Expenditures: Magnitude, Distribution, and Economic Effects. In S. Schieber & J. Shoven (Eds.), Public Policy Towards Pensions, Twentieth Century Fund (pp. 41–84).

Clark, R. L., & Ogawa, N. (1997). Transitions from career jobs to retirement in Japan. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, 36(2), 255–270. https://doi.org/10.1111/0019-8676.511997014

Clark, R. L., & Ogawa, N. (1996). Human Resource Policies and Older Workers in Japan. The Gerontologist, 36(5), 627–636. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.627

Clark, R. (1996). Japanese Pensions in Transition. Benefits Quarterly, 12(1), 59–74.

Clark, R. (1996). Problems, Puzzles, and Predictions Concerning Japanese Pensions. In O. Mitchell (Ed.), Securing Employer-based Pensions: An International Perspective (pp. 143–147). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. L., & Ogawaf, N. (1996). Public Attitudes and Concerns about Population Ageing in Japan. Ageing and Society, 16(4), 443–465. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00003627

Ogawa, N., & Clark, R. L. (1995). Earnings Patterns of Japanese Women: 1976-1988. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 43(2), 293–313. https://doi.org/10.1086/452151

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1995). Postretirement Increases in Pensions in the 1980s. Research on Aging, 17(2), 190–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027595172005

Clark, R., McDermed, A., & Trawick, M. W. (1994). Firm Choice of Type of Pension Plan: Trends and Determinants. In R. Schmitt (Ed.), The Future of Pensions in the United States (pp. 115–125). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. L., Ghent, L. S., & Headen, A. E. (1994). Retiree Health Insurance and Pension Coverage Variations by Firm Characteristics. Journal of Gerontology, 49(2), S53–S61. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.2.s53

Clark, R. (1994). The Decision to Retire: Economic Factors and Population Trends. In A. Monk (Ed.), The Columbia Retirement Handbook (pp. 31–43). New York: Columbia University Press.

Clark, R. (1994). The Impact of Market Access and Investment Restrictions on Japanese Pension Funds [Special Report,]. Washington: Employee Benefit Research Institute.

Clark, R. L., & Anker, R. (1993). Cross-National Analysis of Labor Force Participation of Older Men and Women. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 41(3), 489–512. https://doi.org/10.1086/452029

Clark, R., Ghent, L. S., & Headen, A. (1993). Influence of Employer-Provided Retiree Health Insurance on Retirement Decisions. TIAA-CREF Research Dialogues, (38).

Furuya, K., & Clark, R. (1993). Labour Force Developments and Emerging Human Resource Policies in Japan. In N. Ogawa, G. W. Jones, & J. G. Williamson (Eds.), Human Resources in Development Along the Asia-Pacific Rim (pp. 210–225). Singapore: Oxford University Press.

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1993). Pensions, Bonding, and Lifetime Jobs. The Journal of Human Resources, 28(3), 463. https://doi.org/10.2307/146155

Clark, R. (1993). Population Aging and Retirement Policy: An International Perspective. In A. Rappaport & S. Schieber (Eds.), Demography and Retirement: The 21st Century (pp. 255–284). Westport, Conn: Praeger.

Clark, R. (1993). Population Aging and Work Rates of Older Persons: An International Comparison. In O. Mitchell (Ed.), As the Workforce Ages: Costs, Benefits and Policy Challenges (pp. 57–77). Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.

Clark, R. (1993). Trends in Income Maintenance Policies in the United States. Aging and Work, 11(4), 4–16.

Clark, R., & Ogawa, N. (1992). Employment Tenure and Earnings Profiles in Japan and the United States: Comment. American Economic Review, 82(1), 336–345.

Shumaker, L. D., & Clark, R. L. (1992). Population Dependency Rates and Savings Rates: Stability of Estimates. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 40(2), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1086/451942

Allen, S., Clark, R., & McDermed, A. (1992). Post-Retirement Benefit Increases in the 1980s. In J. Turner (Ed.), Trends in Pensions 1992 (pp. 319–339). Washington: USGPO.

Clark, R. L., & Ogawa, N. (1992). The Effect of Mandatory Retirement on Earnings Profiles in Japan. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 45(2), 258. https://doi.org/10.2307/2524833

Clark, R. (1992). The Use of International Private Pension Statistics for Policy Analysis: Comments. In Z. Bodie & A. Munnell (Eds.), Pensions and the U.S (pp. 239–243). Economy, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clark, R. (1991). Aging Urban Populations and the Economic Vitality of the Cities of the World. In Aging Populations in the Context of Urbanization (pp. 239–246). NY: United Nations.

Clark, R. (1991). Inflation Protection of Retiree Benefits. In J. Turner & L. Dailey (Eds.), Pension Policy: An International Perspective (pp. 53–58). Washington, DC: USGPO.

Agree, E., & Clark, R. (1991). Retirement in Four Asian Countries. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 6, 413–429.

Clark, R. L. (1991). Retirement systems in Japan. In Homewood, IL: Published for the Pension Research Council of the Wharton School by Irwin, c1991. (Ralph H. Blanchard memorial endowment series ; v.4).

Clark, R. (1990). Amerika Nenkin Seido no Genjo to Kadai (Retirement Income Plans in the United States),Tokyo: Japan Foundation for Research and Development of Pension Schemes.

Clark, R. (1990). Employee Benefits for American Workers. Washington: National Commission for Employment Policy.

Clark, R. (1990). Income Maintenance Policies in the United States. In R. Binstock & L. George (Eds.), Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences (3rd ed., pp. 382–397). San Diego: Academic Press.

Clark, R., & Anker, R. (1990). Labour Force Participation Rates of Older Persons: An International Comparison. International Labour Review, 129(2), 255–271.

Clark, R. (1990). Pensions in An Aging Society. In I. Bluestone, R. Montgomery, & J. Owen (Eds.), The Aging of the American Work Force (pp. 75–100). Detroit: Wayne State University Press.

Clark, R. (1990). Social Security Systems in Japan. In Japan's Economic Challenge (pp. 229–239). Washington, D.C: Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States.

Clark, R., & McDermed, A. (1990). The Choice of Pension Plans in a Changing Regulatory Environment. Washington: American Enterprise Institute.

Clark, R. (1989). Defined Contribution Plans: Are They The Pension of the Future? In What is the Future for Defined Benefit Pension Plans? (pp. 5–14). Washington: EBRI.

Clark, R., & McDermed, A. (1989). Determinants of Retirement by Married Women. Social Security Bulletin, 89(1), 33–35.

Clark, R. L. (1989). Economic well-being of the elderly: Theory and measurement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 4(1), 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00116147

Clark, R. L., & Kreps, J. M. (1989). Employer-Provided Health Care Plans for Retirees. Research on Aging, 11(2), 206–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027589112004

McDermed, A., Clark, R., & Allen, S. (1989). Pension Wealth, Age Wealth Profiles, and the Distribution of Net Worth. In R. Lipsey & H. Stone (Eds.), The Measurement of Savings, Investment, and Wealth (pp. 689–731). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Gohmann, S. F., & Clark, R. L. (1989). Retirement Responses to Social Security Changes. Journal of Gerontology, 44(6), S218–S225. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/44.6.s218

Clark, R. (1988). Compelling Trends in Aging and Retirement. In H. Axel (Ed.), Employing Older Americans: Opportunities and Constraints (pp. 9–15). New York: The Conference Board.

Clark, R. (1988, November 2). De economie van eenvergrijzende beroepsbevolking. Economisch Statistische Berichten, 1021–1025.

Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1988). Pension Wealth and Job Changes: The Effects of Vesting, Portability and Lump-Sum Distributions. The Gerontologist, 28(4), 524–532. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/28.4.524

Clark, R. L. (1988). The Future of Work and Retirement. Research on Aging, 10(2), 169–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027588102002

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1988). The Pension Cost of Changing Jobs. Research on Aging, 10(4), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027588104001

Allen, S., Clark, R., & McDermed, A. (1988). Why Do Pensions Reduce Mobility? IRRA Proceedings of the Fortieth Annual Meeting, 204–212.

Clark, R. (1987). Aging Populations. In J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, & P. Newman (Eds.), The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economic Theory and Doctrine (pp. 37–39). London: The MacMillan Press Ltd.

Clark, R. (1987). Aging and Relative Earnings. In S. Sandell (Ed.), The Problem Isn't Age: Work and Older Americans (pp. 71 83). New York: Praeger Publishers.

Clark, R. (1987). Economics. In G. Maddox (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Aging (pp. 199 202). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Clark, R. (1987). Pensions. In G. Maddox (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Aging (pp. 513 516). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Allen, S., & Clark, R. (1987). Pensions and Firm Performance. In M. Kleiner, R. Block, M. Roomkin, & S. Salsbury (Eds.), Human Resources and Firm Performance (pp. 195–242). Madison: Industrial Relations Research Association.

Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1986). Earnings and Pension Compensation: The Effect of Eligibility. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 101(2), 341. https://doi.org/10.2307/1891119

Allen, S., Clark, R., & Sumner, D. (1986). Inflation and Pension Benefits. In R. Ippolito & W. Kolodrubetz (Eds.), The Handbook of Pension Statistics 1985 (pp. 177 250). Chicago: Commerce Clearing House.

Clark, R. L., & Cantrell, R. S. (1986). Personnel policies and the age structure of an occupation: the case of the academic labor market. Population Research and Policy Review, 5(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00124879

Allen, S. G., Clark, R. L., & Sumner, D. A. (1986). Postretirement Adjustments of Pension Benefits. The Journal of Human Resources, 21(1), 118. https://doi.org/10.2307/145960

Allen, S. G., & Clark, R. L. (1986). Unions, Pension Wealth, and Age-Compensation Profiles. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 39(4), 502. https://doi.org/10.2307/2523243

Clark, R., & Erickson, E. (1985). Energy and Aging: Home Heating and Cooling. In Energy Costs and the Elderly (pp. 37–60). Washington: DHHS.

Schrimper, R. A., & Clark, R. L. (1985). Health Expenditures and Elderly Adults. Journal of Gerontology, 40(2), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/40.2.235

Clark, R., & Baumer, D. (1985). Income Maintenance Policies. In R. Binstock & E. Shanas (Eds.), Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences (2nd ed., pp. 666–696). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.

Clark, R., & Sumner, D. A. (1985). Inflation and the Economic Well-Being of Older Americans. https://doi.org/10.17848/9780880995498.ch5

Clark, R. L., & Sumner, D. A. (1985). Inflation and the Real Income of the Elderly: Recent Evidence and Expectations for the Future. The Gerontologist, 25(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/25.2.146

Allen, S., Clark, R., & Sumner, D. (1984). A Comparison of Pension Benefit Increases and Inflation, 1973 79. Monthly Labor Review, 107(5), 42–46.

Clark, R. L. (1984). Aging and Labor Force Participation. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2401-0_5

Clark, R. L. (1984). Beyond Sixty-Five: The Dilemma of Old Age in America's Past. By Carole Haber. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Pp. ix, 181. $19.95. [Review of Beyond Sixty-Five: The Dilemma of Old Age in America's Past, by C. Haber]. The Journal of Economic History, 44(4), 1140–1141. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700033428

Clark, R. (1984). Consumption Patterns of the Elderly. In Aging Well Through Living Better (Vol. 1, pp. 231 243). Paris: International Center for Social Gerontology.

Clark, R., Maddox, G., Schrimper, R., & Sumner, D. (1984). Inflation and the Economic Well being of the Elderly. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Clark, R. L., Gohmann, S. F., & Sumner, D. A. (1984). Wages and hours of work of elderly men. Atlantic Economic Journal, 12(4), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02304511

Clark, R. (1983). Increasing Labor Force Participation by the Elderly: Fact or Fiction. In Delayed Retirement: Does America Need Older Workers? (pp. 29 36). Brookdale Institute on Aging, Columbia University.

Clark, R. L., & Gohmann, S. F. (1983). RETIREMENT AND THE ACCEPTANCE OF SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS. National Tax Journal, 36(4), 529–534. https://doi.org/10.1086/ntj41862548

Clark, R. (1982). A Symposium on Pension Policy: Introduction. The Gerontologist, 22(6), 473.

Clark, R., Kreps, J., & Spengler, J. (1982). Aging Population: United States. In J. Ross (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Population: Vol. I (pp. 31–40,). New York: The Free Press.

Clark, R. (1982). Cost effective Pension Planning. New York: Pergamon Press.

Clark, R. L. (1982). Federal Expenditures for the Elderly: Dr. Clark Replies. The Gerontologist, 22(2), 131–133. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/22.2.131

Cantrell, R. S., & Clark, R. L. (1982). Individual Mobility, Population Growth and Labor Force Participation. Demography, 19(2), 147–159. https://doi.org/10.2307/2061187

Clark, R. L., & McDermed, A. A. (1982). Inflation, Pension Benefits, and Retirement. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 49(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.2307/252574

Clark, R. (1981). Aging, Retirement, and the Economic Security of the Elderly. The Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics, II, 299–319.

Clark, R. L., & Menefee, J. A. (1981). Federal Expenditures for the Elderly: Past and Future. The Gerontologist, 21(2), 132–137. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/21.2.132

Clark, R., & Barker, D. (1981). Reversing the Trend Toward Early Retirement. Washington: American Enterprise Institute.

Clark, R., Johnson, T., & McDermed, A. (1980). Allocation of Time by Married Couples Approaching Retirement. Social Security Bulletin, 43(4), 3 16.

Clark, R., & Spengler, J. (1980). Dependency Ratios: Their Use in Economic Analysis. In J. DaVanzo & J. Simon (Eds.), Research in Population Economics: Vol. II (pp. 63 76). Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press.

Clark, R., & Menefee, J. (1980). Economic Responses to Demographic Fluctuations. In Special Study on Economic Change (Vol. 1, pp. 1–31). Human Resources and Demographics, Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Congress.

Clark, R., & Spengler, J. (1980). Economic Responses to Population Aging with Special Emphasis on Retirement Policy. In R. Clark (Ed.), Retirement Policy in an Aging Society (pp. 156 166). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Barker, D., & Clark, R. (1980). Mandatory Retirement and Labor Force Participation of Respondents in the Retirement History Study. Social Security Bulletin, 43(11), 20 29.

Cantrell, R. S., & Clark, R. L. (1980). Retirement Policy and Promotional Prospects. The Gerontologist, 20(5 Part 1), 575–580. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/20.5_part_1.575

Clark, R. (Ed.). (1980). Retirement Policy in an Aging Society. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Anderson, K., Clark, R., & Johnson, T. (1980). Retirement in Dual Career Families. In R. Clark (Ed.), Retirement Policy in an Aging Society (pp. 109 127). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Clark, R. L., & Spengler, J. J. (1980). The Economics of Individual and Population Aging. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511572074

Clark, R. (1979). Old Age in the New Land: The American Experience since 1790. By W. Andrew Achenbaum. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1979. Pp. xii, 237. $13.95. [Review of Old Age in the New Land: The American Experience since 1790, by W. A. Achenbaum]. The Journal of Economic History, 39(2), 583–583. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002205070009255X

Clark, R., Kreps, J., & Spengler, J. (1978). Economics of Aging. Journal of Economic Literature, 16(3), 919–962.

Clark, R. L. (1978). Policy Implications and Future Research Needs. In T. Espenshade & W. Serow (Eds.), The Economic Consequences of Slowing Population Growth (pp. 247–261). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-242450-2.50018-x

Clark, R., & Spengler, J. (1978). Population Aging in the Twenty first Century. Aging, (279–280), 6–13.

Clark, R. (Ed.). (1978). Worktime and Employment Decisions, National Commission for Manpower Policy [Special Report No. 28,]. Washington, D.C: USGPO.

Clark∗, R. (1977). Increasing Income Transfers to the Elderly Implied by Zero Population Growth. Review of Social Economy, 35(1), 37–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/00346767700000004

Baumer, D., & Clark, R. Effects of Alternative Strategies for Social Security Reform. Texas Business Review, 56(4), 193–198.