@article{ravishankar_booth_hollingsworth_ade_sederoff_decarolis_brendan t. o'connor_2022, title={Organic solar powered greenhouse performance optimization and global economic opportunity}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1754-5706"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE03474J}, DOI={10.1039/d1ee03474j}, abstractNote={This work integrates greenhouse energy demand, solar power production, and plant growth modeling to assess the economic opportunity of organic solar powered greenhouses. Results show these systems have positive economic outlook across broad climates.}, number={4}, journal={ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Ravishankar, Eshwar and Booth, Ronald E. and Hollingsworth, Joseph A. and Ade, Harald and Sederoff, Heike and DeCarolis, Joseph F. and Brendan T. O'Connor}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @article{booth_schrickx_hanby_liu_qin_ade_zhu_brendan t. o'connor_2022, title={Silver Nanowire Composite Electrode Enabling Highly Flexible, Robust Organic Photovoltaics}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2367-198X"]}, DOI={10.1002/solr.202200264}, abstractNote={Using Ag nanowires (NWs) is a promising approach to make flexible and transparent conducting electrodes for organic photovoltaics (OPVs). However, the roughness of the NWs can decrease device performance. Herein, a Ag NW electrode embedded in a UV‐curable epoxy that uses a simple mechanical lift‐off process resulting in highly planar electrodes is demonstrated. A bimodal blend of Ag NWs with varying aspect ratios is used to optimize the transparency and conductivity of the electrode. In addition, a ZnO layer is coated on the Ag NWs prior to the embedding process to ensure low contact resistance in the OPV cells. The resulting resin‐embedded ZnO‐encapsulated silver nanowire (REZEN) electrode is found to have excellent mechanical stability. REZEN electrode‐based OPV cells exhibit comparable performance with reference devices, achieving maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.5% and 13.6% respectively. The REZEN‐based OPV cells are also mechanically robust, retaining 97% of their PCE after 5000 cycles at R = 1.2 mm and 94% PCE after 1000 cycles at R = 0.55 mm. This flexibility is among the highest reported for freestanding devices. Thus, the REZEN electrode is a promising and simple strategy to achieve mechanically robust ITO‐free flexible OPV cells.}, journal={SOLAR RRL}, author={Booth, Ronald E. and Schrickx, Harry M. and Hanby, Georgia and Liu, Yuxuan and Qin, Yunpeng and Ade, Harald and Zhu, Yong and Brendan T. O'Connor}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{ravishankar_charles_xiong_henry_swift_rech_calero_cho_booth_kim_et al._2021, title={Balancing crop production and energy harvesting in organic solar-powered greenhouses}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2666-3864"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100381}, abstractNote={Adding semitransparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) to a greenhouse structure enables simultaneous plant cultivation and electricity generation, thereby reducing the greenhouse energy demand. However, there is a need to establish the impact of such systems on plant growth and indoor climate and to optimize system tradeoffs. In this work, we consider plant growth under OSCs and system-relevant design. We evaluate the growth of red leaf lettuce under ST-OSC filters and compare the impact of three different OSC active layers that have unique transmittance. We find no significant differences in the fresh weight and chlorophyll content of the lettuce grown under these OSC filters. In addition, OSCs provide an opportunity for further light and thermal management of the greenhouse through device design and optical coatings. The OSCs can thus affect plant growth, power generation, and thermal load of the greenhouse, and this design trade space is reviewed and exemplified.}, number={3}, journal={CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ravishankar, Eshwar and Charles, Melodi and Xiong, Yuan and Henry, Reece and Swift, Jennifer and Rech, Jeromy and Calero, John and Cho, Sam and Booth, Ronald E. and Kim, Taesoo and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @article{schrickx_sen_booth_altaqui_burleson_rech_lee_biliroglu_gundogdu_kim_et al._2021, title={Ultra-High Alignment of Polymer Semiconductor Blends Enabling Photodetectors with Exceptional Polarization Sensitivity}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1616-3028"]}, DOI={10.1002/adfm.202105820}, abstractNote={AbstractPhotodetectors that can sense not only light intensity but also light's polarization state add valuable information that is beneficial in a wide array of applications. Polymer semiconductors are an attractive material system to achieve intrinsic polarization sensitivity due to their anisotropic optoelectronic properties. In this report, the thermomechanical properties of the polymer semiconductors PBnDT‐FTAZ and P(NDI2OD‐T2) are leveraged to realize bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films with record in‐plane alignment. Two polymer blends with distinct weight average molar masses (Mw) are considered and either a strain‐ or rub‐alignment process is applied to align the polymer blend films. Optimized processing yields films with dichroic ratios (DR) of over 11 for the high Mw system and nearly 17 for the low Mw system. Incorporating the aligned films into photodetectors results in a polarized photocurrent ratio of 15.25 with corresponding anisotropy ratio of 0.88 at a wavelength of 530 nm, representing the highest reported photocurrent ratio for photodiodes that can operate in a self‐powered regime. The demonstrated performance showcases the ability of polymer semiconductors to achieve BHJ films with exceptional in‐plane polymer alignment, enabling high performance polarization sensitive photodetectors for incorporation into novel device architectures.}, journal={ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS}, author={Schrickx, Harry M. and Sen, Pratik and Booth, Ronald E. and Altaqui, Ali and Burleson, Jacob and Rech, Jeromy J. and Lee, Jin-Woo and Biliroglu, Melike and Gundogdu, Kenan and Kim, Bumjoon J. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @article{ravishankar_booth_saravitz_sederoff_ade_brendan t. o'connor_2020, title={Achieving Net Zero Energy Greenhouses by Integrating Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2542-4351"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85079138223&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.joule.2019.12.018}, abstractNote={Greenhouses vastly increase agricultural land-use efficiency. However, they also consume significantly more energy than conventional farming due in part to conditioning the greenhouse space. One way to mitigate the increase in energy consumption is to integrate solar modules onto the greenhouse structure. Semitransparent organic solar cells (OSCs) are particularly attractive given that their spectral absorption can be tuned to minimize the attenuation of sunlight over the plants photosynthetically active spectrum. Here, the benefits of integrating OSCs on the net energy demand of greenhouses within the U.S. are determined through a detailed energy balance model. We find that these systems can have an annual surplus of energy in warm and moderate climates. Furthermore, we show that sunlight reduction entering the greenhouse can be minimized with appropriate design. These results demonstrate that OSCs are an excellent candidate for implementing in greenhouses and provide an opportunity to diversify sustainable energy generation technology.}, number={2}, journal={JOULE}, author={Ravishankar, Eshwar and Booth, Ronald E. and Saravitz, Carole and Sederoff, Heike and Ade, Harald W. and Brendan T. O'Connor}, year={2020}, month={Feb}, pages={490–506} }
 @article{ho_kim_xiong_firdaus_yi_dong_rech_gadisa_booth_brendan t. o'connor_et al._2020, title={High-Performance Tandem Organic Solar Cells Using HSolar as the Interconnecting Layer}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1614-6840"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000823}, DOI={10.1002/aenm.202000823}, abstractNote={AbstractTandem structure provides a practical way to realize high efficiency organic photovoltaic cells, it can be used to extend the wavelength coverage for light harvesting. The interconnecting layer (ICL) between subcells plays a critical role in the reproducibility and performance of tandem solar cells, yet the processability of the ICL has been a challenge. In this work the fabrication of highly reproducible and efficient tandem solar cells by employing a commercially available material, PEDOT:PSS HTL Solar (HSolar), as the hole transporting material used for the ICL is reported. Comparing with the conventional PEDOT:PSS Al 4083 (c‐PEDOT), HSolar offers a better wettability on the underlying nonfullerene photoactive layers, resulting in better charge extraction properties of the ICL. When FTAZ:IT‐M and PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F are used as the subcells, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.7% is achieved in the tandem solar cell. To validate the processability of these tandem solar cells, three other research groups have successfully fabricated tandem devices using the same recipe and the highest PCE obtained is 16.1%. With further development of donor polymers and device optimization, the device simulation results show that a PCE > 22% can be realized in tandem cells in the near future.}, number={25}, journal={ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Ho, Carr Hoi Yi and Kim, Taesoo and Xiong, Yuan and Firdaus, Yuliar and Yi, Xueping and Dong, Qi and Rech, Jeromy J. and Gadisa, Abay and Booth, Ronald and Brendan T. O'Connor and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{zhou_li_li_chen_xu_yao_cui_booth_mi_wang_et al._2019, title={Metal Mesh as a Transparent Omnidirectional Strain Sensor}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2365-709X"]}, DOI={10.1002/admt.201800698}, abstractNote={AbstractThin metal films can be engineered to fabricate strain sensors by conquering their stiffness using wavy, buckle, or wrinkle topography. However, these structures usually operate in uniaxial or biaxial stretching directions, limiting their application in the omnidirectional model. Here a strain sensor is constructed by using metal mesh with honeycomb lattices and multiple domains as the sensitive unit, which simultaneously provides good stretchability and direction independence. Besides, the metal mesh structure makes it possible to obtain a transparent sensor with a sheet resistance of 26 Ω sq−1 at a transmittance of 79%. The sensor exhibits a highly sensitive resistance change with tension strain, demonstrated by quick response when monitoring the finger and muscle motion. The sensor also shows promising potential application in detecting periodic oscillation with selected frequency and even complex mechanical oscillation like glass vibration.}, number={4}, journal={ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES}, author={Zhou, Weixin and Li, Yi and Li, Pan and Chen, Jun and Xu, Rongqing and Yao, Shanshan and Cui, Zheng and Booth, Ronald and Mi, Baoxiu and Wang, Dan and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Apr} }