@article{michnowicz_ronquest_ambrister_chisholm_green_bull_elkins_2023, title={Perceptions of inclusive language in the Spanish of the Southeast: data from a large classroom project}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1571-0726"]}, DOI={10.1075/sic.00084.mic}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Spanish in Context}, author={Michnowicz, Jim and Ronquest, Rebecca and Ambrister, Bailey and Chisholm, Nick and Green, Rebecca and Bull, Lindsey and Elkins, Anne}, year={2023}, pages={96–129} }
 @article{michnowicz_ronquest_chetty_green_oliver_2023, title={Spanish in the Southeast: What a Swarm of Variables Can Tell Us about a Newly Forming Bilingual Community}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2226-471X"]}, DOI={10.3390/languages8030168}, abstractNote={The southeastern United States has experienced rapid growth in the Hispanic population in recent decades, giving rise to a newly forming bilingual community. The present study builds on previous work by the authors via expansion of a “variable swarm”: the analysis of multiple linguistic variables simultaneously for the same set of speakers, with the goal of understanding patterns of accommodation and change within the community. The initial study included four linguistic variables (prosodic rhythm, bilingual discourse markers, the realization of /bdg/ and vowel space), and the present study adds an additional four variables (bilingual filled pauses, subject pronoun realization, code switching, and the labiodental realization of orthographic <v>) for 23 speakers of Mexican and Central American origin across two sociolinguistic generations (G1 vs. G2). Results for individual speakers show a pattern of adoption of some features by speakers of both generations (such as English-influenced prosodic rhythm and phonological filled pauses), while other, possibly more salient forms directly integrated from English (English discourse markers and code switching) exhibit later, highly variable rates of adoption, suggesting that speakers may consciously manipulate these variables as part of a process of active identity construction. Likewise, G1 speakers show fewer correlations among linguistic variables than G2 speakers, and patterns reveal that some bilingual forms are incorporated in tandem due to shared phonological traits or discourse functions. The innovative swarm analysis further contributes to the advancement of techniques employed in sociolinguistic research by serving as a bridge between traditional first- and second-wave studies that focus on a single variable, and third-wave studies that focus more on variation at the individual level.}, number={3}, journal={Languages}, author={Michnowicz, Jim and Ronquest, Rebecca and Chetty, Sarah and Green, Georgia and Oliver, Stephanie Oliver In}, year={2023}, pages={168} }
 @article{willis_ronquest_2022, title={A sociophonetic exploration of coda liquids and vocalization in Cibao Dominican Spanish}, ISBN={["978-1-032-06761-2", "978-0-367-19082-8"]}, DOI={10.4324/9780429200267-20}, abstractNote={The present study describes the patterns of coda liquid realization (/ɾ/ and /l/) including the vocalization of coda liquids, in Santiago, Dominican Spanish (Cibao). A total of 480 tokens were analyzed in the speech of 24 speakers divided by social class (mid, low) and speaker sex. A criterion validity (realization of coda /s/) was included to capture potential performance or linguistic insecurity and compare it to documented speech norms. Findings revealed a vocalized variant in at least 20% of the productions for both phonemes. There was also considerable allophonic overlap between the phonemic categories. The middle class speakers and women produced more canonical allophones than the lower class and men, respectively. The /s/ validity criterion was the strongest predictor of canonical coda liquid realization. The findings indicate that linguistic performance or style is connected with coda liquid realization.}, journal={ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF VARIATIONIST APPROACHES TO SPANISH}, author={Willis, Erik W. and Ronquest, Rebecca E.}, year={2022}, pages={207–230} }
 @inbook{ronquest_michnowicz_wilbanks_cortes_2018, title={Examining the (mini-)variable swarm in the Spanish of the Southeast}, booktitle={Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 16}, publisher={Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company}, author={Ronquest, R. and Michnowicz, J. and Wilbanks, E. and Cortes, C.}, editor={A. Morales-Front, M. Ferreira and Leow, R. and Sanz, C.Editors}, year={2018}, pages={324–349} }