@article{guillaumin_defrancesco_scansen_quinn_whelan_hanel_goy-thollot_bublot_robertson_bonagura_2022, title={Bilateral lysis of aortic saddle thrombus with early tissue plasminogen activator (BLASTT): a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study in feline acute aortic thromboembolism}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1532-2750"]}, DOI={10.1177/1098612X221135105}, abstractNote={Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) on the treatment of feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE). Methods Cats diagnosed with FATE involving ⩾2 limbs were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study within 6 h of an event. Diagnosis was made by clinical findings and one confirmatory criterion. Cats received placebo or TPA (1 mg/kg/h with the first 10% by bolus). All cats received pain control and thromboprophylaxis. The primary outcome was a change from baseline in a published limb score at 48 h. Secondary outcomes included 48 h survival, survival to discharge and complication proportions. Statistical analyses included pattern-mixture models, logistic regression and Fisher’s exact, Student’s t- and Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon tests. Results Based on a power analysis, 40 cats were enrolled; however, only 20 survived to 48 h (TPA, n = 12; placebo, n = 8 [P = 0.34]). There was a statistically significant improvement in limb scores compared with baseline for both groups (P <0.001). Limb score at 48 h was 1 point lower (better) in the TPA group (P = 0.19). Thrombolysis had no statistically significant effect on 48 h survival (P = 0.22). Lower affected limb lactate was associated with better 48 h survival (odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.17; P = 0.02). The survival to discharge rates were 45% (TPA) and 30% (placebo; P = 0.51). Complications in the TPA and placebo groups included acute kidney injury (22% and 19%, respectively; P = 1.00) and/or reperfusion injuries (33% and 19%, respectively; P = 0.45). Conclusions and relevance Survival and complication rates of acute FATE were not different with or without thrombolysis. High in-hospital mortality decreased the statistical power to detect a statistically significant difference between treatments with regard to our primary outcome.}, journal={JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Guillaumin, Julien and DeFrancesco, Teresa C. and Scansen, Brian A. and Quinn, Rebecca and Whelan, Megan and Hanel, Rita and Goy-Thollot, Isabelle and Bublot, Isabelle and Robertson, James B. and Bonagura, John D.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{lynch_ruterbories_griffith_hanel_stablein_brooks_2021, title={Evaluation of point-of-care coagulation tests as alternatives to anti-Xa activity for monitoring the anticoagulant effects of rivaroxaban in healthy dogs}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13011}, DOI={10.1111/vec.13011}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
To evaluate a panel of coagulation assays for their potential utility in rivaroxaban monitoring as alternatives to the rivaroxaban-specific anti-Xa activity (RIVA).


DESIGN
Prospective experimental study.


SETTING
University research laboratory.


ANIMALS
Five healthy neutered male Beagles.


INTERVENTIONS
Dogs were administered a median dose of 1.8 mg/kg rivaroxaban (range, 1.6-1.8 mg/kg) orally once daily for 2 consecutive days as part of a pharmacodynamic study. Blood was collected from a preplaced jugular catheter at time points relative to their rivaroxaban administration (0, 2, 4, 8, 24, 36, and 48 h) for measurement of RIVA, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, RapidTEG, and thrombin generation variables.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
One hundred forty data points were available for analysis. There was poor correlation between RIVA and RapidTEG variables: R time (R) (min) (r = 0.554, P < 0.0001), K time (K) (min) (r = -0.204, P = 0.016), alpha angle (degrees) (r = 0.152, P = 0.073), Maximum amplitude (MA) (mm) (r = 0.106, P = 0.215), and G value (G) (dynes/s) (r = 0.108, P = 0.205). A good correlation was noted between thrombin generation variables and RIVA: lag time (min) (r = 0.827, P < 0.0001), peak (nM) (r = -0.752, P < 0.0001), and endogenous thrombin potential (nM·min) (r = -0.762, P < 0.0001). There was an excellent correlation between PT and RIVA (r = 0.915, P < 0.0001) and a good correlation between activated partial thromboplastin time and RIVA (r = 0.772, P < 0 .0001).


CONCLUSIONS
Of all the coagulation tests investigated, the PT correlated best with RIVA. There is potential for PT being a convenient second-line monitoring option in dogs receiving rivaroxaban, but further work is necessary to validate other PT assays. Thromboelastography performed with strong activators correlated poorly with anti-Xa activity.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Lynch, Alex M. and Ruterbories, Laura K. and Griffith, Emily H. and Hanel, Rita M. and Stablein, Alyssa P. and Brooks, Marjory B.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={18–24} }
 @article{lynch_ruterbories_griffith_hanel_stablein_brooks_2021, title={The influence of feeding and gastroprotectant medications on the Factor Xa inhibitory activity of orally administered rivaroxaban in normal dogs}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13019}, DOI={10.1111/vec.13019}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
Rivaroxaban is a new anticoagulant option for dogs, yet its reported oral bioavailability is as low as 60%. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of feeding and gastroprotectant medications on the bioactivity (anti-Xa activity) of rivaroxaban in healthy dogs.


DESIGN
Prospective experimental study.


SETTING
University research laboratory.


ANIMALS
Five healthy neutered male purpose-bred Beagles.


INTERVENTIONS
Dogs were administered a median dose of 1.8 mg/kg rivaroxaban (range, 1.6-1.8 mg/kg) orally once daily for 2 consecutive days with either (1) no food, (2) food, (3) sucralfate 30 minutes before rivaroxaban, or (4) omeprazole at the same time as rivaroxaban. Blood was collected from preplaced jugular catheters immediately before and at 6 time points after rivaroxaban administration (2, 4, 8, 24, 36, and 48 hours). A rivaroxaban calibrated anti-Xa activity assay (RIVA) was used to monitor anticoagulant effect.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Rivaroxaban administration resulted in significant increases in RIVA (P = 0.02), with peak activities occurring 2 to 4 hours after dosingduring each study arm. No feeding was associated with significantly higher RIVA at the 36-hour time point compared to all other treatment arms (P < 0.0001), and feeding resulted in high RIVA at the 48-hour time point compared with sucralfate administration (P = 0.003). No significant changes in RIVA were otherwise identified with respect to feeding or gastroprotectant administration (P = 0.2).


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Although administration without food demonstrated an apparent increase in RIVA 36 hours after drug administration, clinically relevant differences among treatment groups were not identified in combined analyses of time points. Based on these results, dogs treated with rivaroxaban do not require special modification of feeding practices or gastroprotectant drug administration.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Lynch, Alex M. and Ruterbories, Laura K. and Griffith, Emily and Hanel, Rita M. and Stablein, Alyssa P. and Brooks, Marjory B.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={59–65} }
 @article{lynch_ruterbories_jack_motsinger-reif_hanel_2020, title={The influence of packed cell volume versus plasma proteins on thromboelastographic variables in canine blood}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.12979}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12979}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Lynch, Alex M. and Ruterbories, Laura and Jack, John and Motsinger-Reif, Alison A. and Hanel, Rita}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={418–425} }
 @article{barratclough_tuxbury_hanel_stacy_ruterbories_christiansen_harms_2019, title={Baseline plasma thromboelastography in Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), green (Chelonia mydas) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtles and its use to diagnose coagulopathies in cold-stunned Kemp’s ridley and green sea turtles}, volume={50}, ISSN={1042-7260}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2018-0142}, DOI={10.1638/2018-0142}, abstractNote={Abstract 
 Cold-stunning in sea turtles is a frequent natural cause of mortality and is defined as a hypothermic state due to exposure to water temperatures <12°C. Derangements of biochemistry and hematology data by cold stunning have been well documented, although the effects on coagulation have not yet been investigated. The objectives of this study were to characterize the hemostatic state of non–cold-stunned sea turtles and to compare cold-stunned sea turtles at admission and after successful rehabilitation via a sea turtle–specific thromboelastography (TEG) protocol. TEG enables evaluation of the entire coagulation process, and the methodology has recently been established in sea turtles. Initially, 30 wild and apparently healthy sea turtles were sampled as controls: loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta), n =17; Kemp's ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempii), n = 8; and green turtles (Chelonia mydas), n = 5. In addition, paired TEG samples were performed on 32 Ch. mydas and 14 L. kempii at admission and prerelease after successful rehabilitation from cold stunning. Statistically significant differences in reaction time, kinetics, angle, and maximum amplitude parameters in L. kempii and Ch. mydas species demonstrated that the time taken for blood clot formation was prolonged and the strength of the clot formed was reduced by cold stunning. These findings indicate that cold stunning may cause disorders in hemostasis that can contribute to the severity of the condition. Early diagnosis of coagulopathies in the clinical assessment of a cold-stunned sea turtle may influence the treatment approach and clinical outcome of the case.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine}, publisher={American Association of Zoo Veterinarians}, author={Barratclough, A. and Tuxbury, K. and Hanel, R. and Stacy, N.I. and Ruterbories, L. and Christiansen, E. and Harms, C.A.}, year={2019}, month={Apr}, pages={62} }
 @article{mays_dorman_mckendry_hanel_2018, title={A pilot study documenting increased thrombin generation following abrupt withdrawal of heparin therapy in healthy dogs}, volume={28}, ISSN={1479-3261}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12778}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12778}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mays, Erin M. and Dorman, David C. and McKendry, Colleen and Hanel, Rita M.}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={518–526} }
 @article{nye_musulin_hanel_mariani_2017, title={Evaluation of the Lactate Plus monitor for plasma lactate concentration measurement in dogs}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12557}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12557}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Nye, Carolyn J. and Musulin, Sarah E. and Hanel, Rita M. and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2017}, pages={66–70} }
 @article{mclaughlin_marks_dorman_motsinger-reif_hanel_2017, title={Thromboelastographic monitoring of the effect of unfractionated heparin in healthy dogs}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12526}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={McLaughlin, Christopher M. and Marks, Steven L. and Dorman, David C. and Motsinger-Reif, Alison and Hanel, Rita M.}, year={2017}, pages={71–81} }
 @article{hanel_palmer_baker_brenner_crowe_dorman_gicking_gilger_otto_robertson_et al._2016, title={Best practice recommendations for prehospital veterinary care of dogs and cats}, volume={26}, ISSN={1479-3261}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12455}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12455}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hanel, Rita M. and Palmer, Lee and Baker, Janice and Brenner, Jo-Anne and Crowe, Dennis T. Tim and Dorman, David and Gicking, John C. and Gilger, Brian and Otto, Cynthia M. and Robertson, Sheilah A. and et al.}, year={2016}, month={Mar}, pages={166–233} }
 @article{conner_hanel_brooks_cohn_birkenheuer_2015, title={Coagulation abnormalities in 5 cats with naturally occurring cytauxzoonosis}, volume={25}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12326}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Conner, Bobbi J. and Hanel, Rita M. and Brooks, Marjory B. and Cohn, Leah A. and Birkenheuer, Adam J.}, year={2015}, pages={538–545} }
 @article{istvan_walker_hansen_hanel_marks_2015, title={Presumptive intraperitoneal envenomation resulting in hemoperitoneum and acute abdominal pain in a dog}, volume={25}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12341}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Istvan, Stephanie A. and Walker, Julie M. and Hansen, Bernard D. and Hanel, Rita M. and Marks, Steven L.}, year={2015}, pages={770–777} }
 @article{bucknoff_hanel_marks_motsinger-reif_suter_2014, title={Evaluation of thromboelastography for prediction of clinical bleeding in thrombocytopenic dogs after total body irradiation and hematopoietic cell transplantation}, volume={75}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.75.5.425}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Bucknoff, Melissa C. and Hanel, Rita M. and Marks, Steven L. and Motsinger-Reif, Alison A. and Suter, Steven E.}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={425–432} }
 @article{holowaychuk_hanel_wood_rogers_o'keefe_monteith_2014, title={Prospective multicenter evaluation of coagulation abnormalities in dogs following severe acute trauma}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12141}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Holowaychuk, Marie K. and Hanel, Rita M. and Wood, R. Darren and Rogers, Lindsey and O'Keefe, Karen and Monteith, Gabrielle}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={93–104} }
 @article{hanel_chan_conner_gauthier_holowaychuk_istvan_walker_wood_goggs_wiinberg_2014, title={Systematic evaluation of evidence on veterinary viscoelastic testing Part 4: Definitions and data reporting}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12145}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Hanel, Rita M. and Chan, Daniel L. and Conner, Bobbi and Gauthier, Vincent and Holowaychuk, Marie and Istvan, Stephanie and Walker, Julie M. and Wood, Darren and Goggs, Robert and Wiinberg, Bo}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={47–56} }
 @article{fujita_hansen_hanel_2013, title={Bacterial Contamination of Stethoscope Chest Pieces and the Effect of Daily Cleaning}, volume={27}, ISSN={["0891-6640"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12032}, abstractNote={BackgroundStethoscopes are a potential source of nosocomial infection for hospitalized humans, a phenomenon not previously studied in companion animals.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Fujita, H. and Hansen, B. and Hanel, R.}, year={2013}, pages={354–358} }
 @article{lennon_hanel_walker_vaden_2013, title={Hypercoagulability in Dogs with Protein-Losing Nephropathy as Assessed by Thromboelastography}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12067}, abstractNote={BackgroundDogs with protein‐losing nephropathy (PLN) are at risk of thromboembolic disease, but the mechanism leading to hypercoagulability and the population of dogs at risk are unknown.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Lennon, E. M. and Hanel, R. M. and Walker, J. M. and Vaden, S. L.}, year={2013}, pages={462–468} }
 @article{walker_hanel_hansen_motsinger-reif_2012, title={Comparison of venous sampling methods for thromboelastography in clinically normal dogs}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.73.12.1864}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Walker, Julie M. and Hanel, Rita M. and Hansen, Bernard D. and Motsinger-Reif, Alison A.}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={1864–1870} }
 @article{conner_hanel_hansen_motsinger-reif_asakawa_swanson_2012, title={Effects of acepromazine maleate on platelet function assessed by use of adenosine diphosphate activated- and arachidonic acid-activated modified thromboelastography in healthy dogs}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.73.5.595}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Conner, Bobbi J. and Hanel, Rita M. and Hansen, Bernard D. and Motsinger-Reif, Alison A. and Asakawa, Makoto and Swanson, Clifford R.}, year={2012}, month={May}, pages={595–601} }
 @article{gonzales_hanel_hansen_marks_2011, title={Effect of intravenous administration of dextrose on coagulation in healthy dogs}, volume={72}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.72.4.562}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Gonzales, Jennifer L. and Hanel, Rita M. and Hansen, Bernie D. and Marks, Steve L.}, year={2011}, month={Apr}, pages={562–569} }
 @article{fitzwater_marks_hanel_2008, title={Thrombi in the trachea of a dog secondary to placement of a tracheotomy tube}, volume={233}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.233.5.758}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Fitzwater, Kathryn L. and Marks, Steven L. and Hanel, Rita M.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={758–760} }