@article{beachler_gracz_long_borst_morgan_nebel_andrews_koipillai_frable_bailey_et al._2019, title={Allantoic Metabolites, Progesterone, and Estradiol-17 beta Remain Unchanged After Infection in an Experimental Model of Equine Ascending Placentitis}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1542-7412"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jevs.2018.11.014}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to characterize the metabolomic profile of equine allantoic fluid in the pregnant mare with and without experimentally induced ascending placentitis with the goal of identifying biomarkers of this disease. We compared the onset of metabolomic changes with common modalities for diagnosis of ascending placentitis, including measurement of the combined thickness of the uterus and placenta (CTUP), hormonal profiling, and measurement of serum acute phase proteins. Ten pregnant pony mares were randomly divided into two groups: five healthy control mares (CONT) and five mares induced to develop ascending placentitis (PLAC) via inoculation with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus bacteria at Days 280–285 of gestation. Allantoic fluid, whole blood, and serum were collected from both groups at 270–275 days of gestation and at the following time points postinoculation: 4 hours, Days 2, 4, 6, and 10. Differences between groups in identified metabolites, progesterone, estradiol-17β, lactate, and serum amyloid A (SAA) were assessed using an analysis of variance with repeated measures. A total of 27 metabolites were identified in allantoic fluid. No differences were detected between groups at any time point (P > .05) for any identified metabolite, progesterone, estradiol-17β, or lactate concentrations. Significant elevations in CTUP (P = .003) and SAA (P = .0001) were detected by Days 4 and 6 postinoculation, respectively. The results of this study established a database of equine allantoic fluid metabolites and confirmed the utility of uteroplacental ultrasound for detection of placentitis before the onset of hematologic changes.}, journal={JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Beachler, Theresa and Gracz, Hanna and Long, Nathan M. and Borst, Luke and Morgan, David and Nebel, Amber and Andrews, Natalie and Koipillai, Joanna and Frable, Samantha and Bailey, Stasia Bembenek and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={95–105} }
 @article{bembenek-bailey_niemuth_mcclellan-green_godfrey_harms_gracz_stoskopf_2019, title={NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Skeletal Muscle, Heart, and Liver of Hatchling Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) Experimentally Exposed to Crude Oil and/or Corexit}, volume={9}, ISSN={2218-1989}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9020021}, DOI={10.3390/metabo9020021}, abstractNote={We used nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (NMR) to evaluate the metabolic impacts of crude oil, Corexit 5900A, a dispersant, and a crude oil Corexit 5900A mixture exposure on skeletal muscle, heart, and liver physiology of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Tissue samples were obtained from 22 seven-day-old hatchlings after a four day cutaneous exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of crude oil, Corexit 5900A, a combination of crude oil and Corexit 9500A, or a seawater control. We identified 38 metabolites in the aqueous extracts of the liver, and 30 metabolites in both the skeletal and heart muscle aqueous extracts, including organic acids/osmolytes, energy compounds, amino acids, ketone bodies, nucleosides, and nucleotides. Skeletal muscle lactate, creatines, and taurine concentrations were significantly lower in hatchlings exposed to crude oil than in control hatchlings. Lactate, taurine, and cholines appeared to be the basis of some variation in hatchling heart samples, and liver inosine, uracil, and uridine appeared to be influenced by Corexit and crude oil exposure. Observed decreases in concentrations of lactate and creatines may reflect energy depletion in skeletal muscle of oil-exposed animals, while decreased taurine concentrations in these animals may reflect higher oxidative stress.}, number={2}, journal={Metabolites}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Bembenek-Bailey, Stasia and Niemuth, Jennifer and McClellan-Green, Patricia and Godfrey, Matthew and Harms, Craig and Gracz, Hanna and Stoskopf, Michael}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={21} }