@article{hahn_bharath_kim_kim_jeong_pearl_2013, title={Adsorption Site Selectivity for Thiophene on Reconstructed Si(5512)-2 x 1 Surface}, volume={117}, ISSN={["1932-7447"]}, DOI={10.1021/jp401932r}, abstractNote={The covalent binding of thiophene molecules to a Si(5 5 12)–2 × 1 surface was investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations. The molecular attachment occurred exclusively between the bonding of the 2,5 carbon atoms and the two silicon adatoms without the involvement of the sulfur atom (over 90%). The binding structure formed a di−σ bond with a planar butterfly-like configuration. Adsorption at other sites, including at the dimer, tetramer, or honeycomb rows, occurred much less frequently. Our calculations predicted that the adsorption energies of the thiophene molecules were 1.02–1.56 eV at the adatom, dimer, and tetramer sites. The molecules adsorbed on the honeycomb rows with a low adsorption energy (below 1 eV). The binding modes of the simple aromatic molecules onto the Si(5 5 12)–2 × 1 surface are compared and discussed.}, number={21}, journal={JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C}, author={Hahn, Jae Ryang and Bharath, Satyaveda C. and Kim, Gyu-Hyeong and Kim, Ki Wan and Jeong, Sukmin and Pearl, Thomas P.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={11197–11202} }
 @article{hahn_bharath_kim_jeong_pearl_2011, title={Binding Structures of Pyrrole on Si(5512)-2 x 1 Surfaces}, volume={115}, ISSN={["1932-7447"]}, DOI={10.1021/jp205553f}, abstractNote={In an effort to understand the reaction mechanisms involved in the adsorption of organic aromatic molecules on high-index Si surfaces, the reactions of pyrrole molecules adsorbed onto Si(5 5 12)–2 ...}, number={34}, journal={JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C}, author={Hahn, Jae Ryang and Bharath, Satyaveda C. and Kim, Gyu-Hyeong and Jeong, Sukmin and Pearl, Thomas P.}, year={2011}, month={Sep}, pages={17111–17117} }
 @article{hahn_bharath_jeong_pearl_2011, title={Binding structures of propylene glycol stereoisomers on the Si(001)-2x1 surface: A combined scanning tunneling microscopy and theoretical study}, volume={134}, ISSN={["1089-7690"]}, DOI={10.1063/1.3523650}, abstractNote={The binding configuration of propylene glycol stereoisomer molecules adsorbed on the Si(001)−2×1 surface was investigated using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory calculations. Propylene glycol was found to adsorb dissociatively via two hydroxyl groups exclusively as a bridge between the ends of two adjacent dimers along the dimer row. The chirality was preserved during bonding to Si atoms and was identifiable with STM imaging. The large number of propylene glycol conformers in the gas phase was reduced to a single configuration adsorbed on the surface at low molecular coverage.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS}, author={Hahn, Jae Ryang and Bharath, Satyaveda C. and Jeong, Sukmin and Pearl, Thomas P.}, year={2011}, month={Jan} }
 @article{bharath_pearl_2010, title={Growth of ultrathin layers of Au on LiNbO3(0001) measured with atomic force microscopy}, volume={604}, ISSN={["1879-2758"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.susc.2010.01.022}, abstractNote={Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to characterize the growth of Au deposited via evaporation onto the positive face of single crystalline, lithium niobate, LiNbO 3 (0 0 0 1) surface. In order to study the mechanisms for the ordering and aggregation of a noble metal on this ferroelectric surface, topographic and phase contrast imaging of the fractional surface coverage of Au were performed. Atomically flat, uniformly poled LiNbO 3 surfaces were prepared via an ambient high temperature anneal and served as a support for the thin gold films. These gold atomic layers were grown using electron bombardment evaporation sources under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions and subsequently characterized under both vacuum and ambient environments. Using AFM it was found that gold preferentially nucleates at the top of LiNbO 3 substrate step edges. With increased coverage, island formation proceeds due to local aggregation of adsorbed gold on each substrate terrace. Based on local imaging of the growth morphology, the data is discussed in terms of thin film growth mechanisms as well as the influence of native surface features such as defects and charge distribution. Understanding growth mechanisms for gold layers on ferroelectric surfaces allows for a fuller appreciation of how atomic deposition of metal atoms on patterned poled LiNbO 3 surfaces would occur as well as yielding greater insight on the atomic characteristics of metals on ferroelectric interfaces.}, number={7-8}, journal={SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Bharath, Satyaveda C. and Pearl, Thomas P.}, year={2010}, month={Apr}, pages={713–717} }
 @article{bharath_pimputkar_pronschinske_pearl_2008, title={Liquid crystal deposition on poled, single crystalline lithium niobate}, volume={254}, ISSN={["1873-5584"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.08.040}, abstractNote={For the purpose of elucidating the mechanisms for molecular organization at poled ferroelectric surfaces, single crystalline lithium niobate (LN), 'Z-cut' along the (0 0 0 1) plane, has been prepared and characterized and subsequently exposed to liquid crystal molecules. As a model system we chose to study the anchoring of 4-n-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) to LN. Liquid crystalline films are of interest because of their useful electronic and optical properties as well as chemical sensing attributes. Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface contact angle measurements (CA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the surface of lithium niobate as well as the nature of 8CB films grown on the surface. Atomically flat LN surfaces were prepared as a support for monolayer thick, 8CB molecular domains. 8CB liquid crystal molecules were deposited by an ambient vaporization technique and the films were analyzed using XPS and CA. Understanding electrostatic anchoring mechanisms and thin film organization for this molecule on uniformly poled surfaces allows for a fuller appreciation of how molecular deposition of other polarizable molecules on periodically poled and patterned poled lithium niobate surfaces would occur.}, number={7}, journal={APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Bharath, S. C. and Pimputkar, K. R. and Pronschinske, A. M. and Pearl, T. P.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={2048–2053} }