@article{lim_mazzoleni_park_ro_quinlan_2013, title={Conceptual Design of Ocean Compressed Air Energy Storage System}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1948-1209"]}, DOI={10.4031/mtsj.47.2.5}, abstractNote={Abstract In this paper, an ocean compressed air energy storage (OCAES) system is introduced as a utility-scale energy storage option for electricity generated by wind, ocean currents, tides, and waves off the coast of North Carolina. Geographically, a location from 40 to 70 km off the coast of Cape Hatteras is shown to be a good location for an OCAES system. Building upon existing compressed air energy storage (CAES) system designs, a conceptual design of an OCAES system with thermal energy storage (TES) is presented. A simple thermodynamic analysis is presented for an adiabatic CAES system which shows that the overall efficiency is 66%. In addition, finite element simulations are presented, which show the flow induced loads that will be experienced by OCAES air containers on the ocean floor. We discuss the fact that the combination of the buoyancy force and flow-induced lift forces (due to ocean currents) generates a periodic loading on the storage container and seabed, and how this presents engineering challenges related to the development of methods for reliably resisting these loads for decades in a corrosive environment. We also present a system, based on hydrolysis, which can be used for storing energy (in the form of oxygen and hydrogen gas) in containers on the ocean floor.}, number={2}, journal={MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL}, author={Lim, Saniel D. and Mazzoleni, Andre P. and Park, Joong-kyoo and Ro, Paul I. and Quinlan, Brendan}, year={2013}, pages={70–81} }
 @inproceedings{park_ro_lim_mazzoleni_quinlan_2012, title={Analysis and optimization of a quasi-isothermal compression and expansion cycle for Ocean Compressed Air Energy Storage (OCAES)}, DOI={10.1109/oceans.2012.6404964}, abstractNote={A numerical analysis of a quasi-isothermal thermodynamic cycle was undertaken for its application in an underwater energy storage system. The conceptual basis for the quasi-isothermal process is firstly a use of water pistons, as opposed to air or other gas medium, which improve heat transfer rate and minimize the temperature variation on both compression and expansion sides of the cycle and secondly a use of mechanical design that maximizes a surface area of heat transfer. Numerical analysis of the heat transfer cycle confirms the validity of the quasi-isothermal nature of the water pistons. Design factors such as surface area, stroke displacement, and frequency of piston action can be analyzed for optimality. For a case study, a recent commercial design of the quasi-isothermal process is introduced and partially analyzed for its effectiveness. Impact of varying several design factors have been analyzed numerically for further understanding of optimality and for validating the quasi-isothermal nature of the design.}, booktitle={2012 Oceans}, author={Park, J. K. and Ro, P. I. and Lim, S. D. and Mazzoleni, A. P. and Quinlan, B.}, year={2012} }
 @inproceedings{lim_mazzoleni_park_ro_quinlan_2012, title={Conceptual design of ocean compressed air energy storage system}, DOI={10.1109/oceans.2012.6404909}, abstractNote={In this paper, an ocean compressed air energy storage (OCAES) system is introduced as a utility scale energy storage option for electricity generated by wind, ocean currents, tides, and waves off the coast of North Carolina. Geographically, a location from 40km to 70km off the coast of Cape Hatteras is shown to be a good location for an OCAES system. Based on existing compressed air energy storage (CAES) system designs, a conceptual design of an OCAES system with thermal energy storage (TES) is presented. A simple thermodynamic analysis is presented for an adiabatic CAES system which shows that the overall efficiency is 65.9%. In addition, finite element simulations are presented which show the flow induced loads which will be experienced by OCAES air containers on the ocean floor. We discuss the fact that the combination of the buoyancy force and the flow induced lift forces (due to ocean currents) generates a periodic loading on the storage container and seabed, and how this presents engineering challenges related to the development of adequate anchoring systems. We also present a system, based on hydrolysis, which can be used for storing energy (in the form of oxygen and hydrogen gas) in containers on the ocean floor.}, booktitle={2012 Oceans}, author={Lim, S. D. and Mazzoleni, A. P. and Park, J. K. and Ro, P. I. and Quinlan, B.}, year={2012} }