@article{romo_earl_mueller_obiol_2024, title={A Qualitative Model of Weight Cycling}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1552-7557"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323231221666}, DOI={10.1177/10497323231221666}, abstractNote={ Weight cycling is a likely consequence of striving to lose weight after internalizing body image ideals, making upward social comparisons, and experiencing weight stigma. Despite weight cycling’s potential physical and psychological consequences, the interplay of weight cycling, social pressures, and experienced and internalized stigma have not been qualitatively explored. Thus, through in-depth interviews of 36 weight-cycling adults, this study sought to understand how people negotiate weight cycling. Interviews informed the development of a qualitative model of weight cycling, which was derived from a theory-neutral inductive analysis. The model’s stages included entering the cycle, undergoing the cycle, and challenging the cycle. Participants were triggered to enter the cycle due to weight stigma caused by social pressures. Within the cycle, interviewees internalized weight stigma and engaged in disordered weight management behaviors. Some participants challenged the cycle by becoming more self-aware and mitigating their toxic dieting behaviors. However, it was very difficult, if not impossible, for many to fully exit weight cycling and the restraints of previous weight management thinking and patterns. Our investigation underscores the seriousness of weight cycling and suggests ways to combat weight cycling on both macro and individual levels. It may also be useful to consider weight cycling as disordered eating in hopes of shifting society’s dangerous focus on rapid weight loss. }, journal={QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH}, author={Romo, Lynsey and Earl, Sydney and Mueller, Katelin A. and Obiol, Mary}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{earl_burnette_ho_2024, title={Exploring the benefits and costs of a growth mindset in a digital app weight management program}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1461-7277"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053241226610}, DOI={10.1177/13591053241226610}, abstractNote={ We explored the potential benefits and costs of believing one can change their weight (i.e. growth mindset) in the context of a digital weight management program. We investigated mechanisms by which growth mindsets relate to weight loss achievement and body shame. Among participants seeking to lose weight ( N = 1626; 74.7% female; 77.9% White; Mage = 45.7), stronger growth mindsets indirectly predicted greater weight loss achievement through positive offset expectations and subsequent increased program engagement. Additionally, stronger growth mindsets predicted less body shame through positive offset expectations but predicted more body shame through increased onset responsibility, replicating the double-edged sword model of growth mindsets. We conclude with applications that leverage growth mindsets for optimal behavior change while mitigating costs such as body shame. }, journal={JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Earl, Sydney and Burnette, Jeni L. and Ho, Annabell Suh}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{hoyt_rafferty_earl_burnette_2023, title={Growth mindsets of people can promote interracial contact intentions among White Americans via positive expectations and reduced anxiety}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1461-7188"]}, DOI={10.1177/13684302231187262}, abstractNote={ We explored whether believing that people have the capacity to adapt and grow (i.e., growth mindset) might help to shape White Americans’ intentions to engage in interracial contact. Across four studies ( N = 621), growth mindsets of people were positively associated with intentions to engage in positive interracial contact. In Studies 2–4, in an attempt to explore causation, we successfully manipulated mindsets. Although these manipulations did not robustly predict interracial contact intentions, they did indirectly predict contact intentions through self-reported growth mindsets. In Studies 3–4, the growth mindset experimental condition also indirectly and serially predicted more positive interracial contact intentions through positive expectations and lower levels of intergroup anxiety. This work makes both theoretical and practical advances in the effort to encourage White Americans to engage in positive interracial contact. }, journal={GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS}, author={Hoyt, Crystal L. L. and Rafferty, Dana and Earl, Sydney and Burnette, Jeni L. L.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{babij_earl_becker_hoyt_burnette_marston_crispin_2023, title={Mindsets of Mental Illness: What Are the Implications for Stigma?}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2376-6964"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000482}, DOI={10.1037/sah0000482}, journal={STIGMA AND HEALTH}, author={Babij, Alexandra D. and Earl, Sydney and Becker, Whitney and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Burnette, Jeni L. and Marston, Anna and Crispin, Kendall}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{burnette_knouse_billingsley_earl_pollack_hoyt_2022, title={A systematic review of growth mindset intervention implementation strategies}, volume={17}, ISSN={1751-9004 1751-9004}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12723}, DOI={10.1111/spc3.12723}, abstractNote={AbstractGrowth mindset interventions, which seek to teach the belief that attributes can change, are increasing in popularity and being leveraged to improve health. As these interventions expand in scope, there is a critical need for a systematic review of existing implementation practices to help move the field towards more robust, impactful, and replicable science. To meet this need, we took a three‐fold approach. First, we created a framework for the implementation of mindset interventions (FIMI) using an inductive, interpretive approach that merged existing fidelity frameworks with growth mindset expert opinions. Second, we used the FIMI to frame a systematic, descriptive review of mindset intervention protocols and to create a checklist for transparent reporting of mindset intervention strategies. Third, we provided future research directions that can help to improve the impact of mindset interventions in health‐related contexts.}, number={2}, journal={Social and Personality Psychology Compass}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Burnette, Jeni L. and Knouse, Laura E. and Billingsley, Joseph and Earl, Sydney and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Hoyt, Crystal L.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{behr_earl_ho_lee_mitchell_mccallum_may_michaelides_2022, title={Changes in Health-Promoting Behaviors and Their Association with Weight Loss, Retention, and Engagement on a Digital Program: Prospective Study}, volume={14}, ISSN={["2072-6643"]}, DOI={10.3390/nu14224812}, abstractNote={Health-promoting lifestyle behaviors (e.g., as measured by the HPLP-II) are associated with reductions in lifestyle disease mortality, as well as improved well-being, mental health, and quality of life. However, it is unclear how a weight-management program relates to a broad range of these behaviors (i.e., health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management), especially a fully digital program on which individuals have to self-manage their own behaviors in their daily lives (with assistance from a virtual human coach). In the context of a digital setting, this study examined the changes in health-promoting behaviors over 12 months, as well as the associations between health-promoting behaviors and weight loss, retention, and engagement, among participants who self-enrolled in a mobile CBT-based nutritionally focused behavior change weight management program (n = 242). Participants lost a statistically significant amount of weight (M = 6.7 kg; SD = 12.7 kg; t(80) = 9.26, p < 0.001) and reported significantly improved overall health-promoting lifestyle behaviors (i.e., HPLP-II summary scores), as well as, specifically, health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, stress management, and interpersonal relations behaviors from baseline to 6 months and from 6 months to 12 months (all ps < 0.008). Health-promoting behaviors at 6 months (i.e., learned health-promoting behaviors) compared to baseline were better predictors of retention and program engagement. A fully digital, mobile weight management intervention can improve HPLP-II scores, which, in turn, has implications for improved retention, program engagement, and better understanding the comprehensive effects of weight management programs, particularly in a digital setting.}, number={22}, journal={NUTRIENTS}, author={Behr, Heather and Earl, Sydney and Ho, Annabell Suh and Lee, Jihye and Mitchell, Ellen Siobhan and McCallum, Meaghan and May, Christine N. and Michaelides, Andreas}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }